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Chapter 2
We are using Matplotlib; it is the most well-known plotting package for Python. We
present the code to generate the top-left plot. The code for the other plots is similar to
the following code:
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import numpy as np
# We load the data with load_iris from sklearn
data = load_iris()
features = data['data']
feature_names = data['feature_names']
target = data['target']
for t,marker,c in zip(xrange(3),">ox","rgb"):
# We plot each class on its own to get different colored markers
plt.scatter(features[target == t,0],
features[target == t,1],
marker=marker,
c=c)
Building our first classification model
If the goal is to separate the three types of flower, we can immediately make a few
suggestions. For example, the petal length seems to be able to separate Iris Setosa
from the other two flower species on its own. We can write a little bit of code to
discover where the cutoff is as follows:
plength = features[:, 2]
# use numpy operations to get setosa features
is_setosa = (labels == 'setosa')
# This is the important step:
max_setosa =plength[is_setosa].max()
min_non_setosa = plength[~is_setosa].min()
print('Maximum of setosa: {0}.'.format(max_setosa))
print('Minimum of others: {0}.'.format(min_non_setosa))
This prints 1.9 and 3.0. Therefore, we can build a simple model: if the petal length
is smaller than two, this is an Iris Setosa flower; otherwise, it is either Iris Virginica or
Iris Versicolor.
if features[:,2] < 2: print 'Iris Setosa'
else: print 'Iris Virginica or Iris Versicolour'
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