XXIIIrd International Eucarpia symposium, Section Ornamentals ...

SOMACLONAL VARIATION IN
MICROPROPAGATED TULIPS AS A SOURCE
OF NOVEL GENOTYPES – FIELD AND
MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTIC
The aim of the study was to evaluate somaclonal variation (SV) in tissue-culture (TC)
derived plants of three tulip genotypes: ‘Giewont’, ‘Prominence’ and a mutant ‘Bs6’. The
mutant ‘Bs6’ was selected from among the micropropagated plants of the cultivar ‘Blue
Parrot’ in 2004. Compared to ‘Blue Parrot’ true-to-types the plants of this new genotype
have flowers longer by 1.5-2 cm, stems longer by 5 cm and colour of flowers changed
from purple-violet to red-violet. The plant material of all genotypes derived from the longterm
cultures maintained in vitro for the period of 2-4 years for ‘Giewont’ and
‘Prominence’, and 6 years for ‘Bs6’. The TC-derived plants were planted outdoors in an
insect-proof tunnel in 1999-2004. During the subsequent years of cultivation 2003-2008
phenotypic evaluations were done when the plants were in full bloom. Juvenile plants
were examined for leaf abnormalities. The reference plants for ‘Giewont’ and
‘Prominence’ were propagated conventionally while for ‘Bs6’ the reference plants were
derived from in vitro culture.
SV frequency depended on genotype and time of culturing in vitro. In case of
‘Prominence’ the lowest SV frequency (5.3-9.2%) was observed for plants derived from
the two-year cultures and the highest one (28.2-48.9%) for plants from four-year
cultures. In case of ‘Giewont’ and ‘Bs6’ the SV frequency ranged from 6.7% to 13.8%.
Most of the off-type plants out of all genotypes had minor changes. The colour of flowers
was unchanged, however, the shape of flowers was slightly altered, e.g. in some
‘Prominence’ variants, tepals had acute tips or in ‘Bs6’ variants, a tepal goffering was
atypical.
In all the studied genotypes, phenotypic evaluation showed a regular occurrence of
variants with major changes such as highly malformed flowers. The colour of flower of
these variants was unchanged, while tepals were irregularly notched and had white
stripes. All the variants had leaves with thicken, vitreous venation. Such leaves were
also found in some juvenile plants of all the genotypes. DNA analysis with an use of
inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) carried out on the somaclonal variants with major
changes of both juvenile and flowering plants confirmed that changes in leaf morphology
resulted from genetic changes. The obtained results indicate that the trait of the leaf
thicken, vitreous venation can be considered as the morphological marker for early
detection of the major genetic changes within juvenile plant material.
P74
Małgorzata
Podwyszyńska
Anita Kuras
Krzysztof Niedoba
Małgorzata Korbin
Research Institute of
Pomology and Floriculture,
Pomologiczna 18, 96-100
Skierniewice, Poland
mpodwysz@insad.pl
Session Posters 147