ENTSO-E Overview of transmission tariffs in Europe: Synthesis 2010

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Background Transmission tariffs are one of the key elements of the International Electricity Market. There is no single “correct solution” applicable within the European Union for recovering costs related to electric energy transmission such as costs of infrastructure, energy losses, ancillary services, system balancing and re-dispatching or costs not directly related to TSO activities. Some cost categories may not be, or be only partially, covered by TSOs’ tariffs (e.g. according to market arrangements in force, only some ancillary services may be paid for, while others may be supplied by producers without remuneration, energy to cover losses may be purchased by TSO or market participants). Different methods will therefore work side-by-side. For this reason direct comparison of tariff rates will not be possible. Experience will determine the possibility of achieving a degree of harmonization of the underlying principles for setting transmission charges in the future. This report contains a comparative overview of 2013 transmission tariffs for 32 European countries including the components of the transmission tariffs and other regulatory charges recovered or invoiced by TSOs, but not directly related to TSOs’ activities. This overview is made not to compare the individual tariff rates, but to compare calculated unit transmission tariffs expressed in €/MWh for so called “base case” (for definition and details for “base case” see “Methods and hypotheses chosen for ENTSO-E overview”). In order to make the overview comparable as far as possible, the tariffs taken into account in the calculation of the unit transmission tariff cover all of the energy transmission charges including not only components related to TSO activities, but also other regulatory charges not directly related to transmission costs which are covered through different mechanisms in each country that has been taken into account. The comparison covers the following components: • Infrastructure costs (operation and capital), • Losses compensation costs, • Internal congestion costs (but no costs of auctions or market splitting), • Costs of supply of system services, • Costs of system balancing, • Other regulatory charges, e.g. stranded costs, costs of supporting renewable or cogeneration energy production, regulatory levies, costs of diversification and security of supply if applied…etc. Details on the other regulatory charges included in the comparison are provided in Appendix 5 of this Overview. Additional information, indicating which of the above cost items are included in the comparison and calculation of the unit transmission tariff, as well as information if these costs are included in TSO’s tariff or if an estimation was provided for comparability purposes in Table 2. Costs included in the comparison of the unit transmission tariffs. Comments as well as country specific comments are added below the respective charts and tables in this overview. It must be noted that only one aspect of the regulation (tariff) is covered in this overview, i.e. unit transmission tariffs are presented and compared, and this ENTSO-E overview does not take into account the differences between countries in areas such as quality of service, market arrangements, main technical characteristics and environmental aspects of the networks, e.g. consumption density, generation location, that influence the level of such charges. 4/49
Methods and hypotheses chosen for ENTSO-E overview The main goal of this ENTSO-E overview is to present a comparison of the calculated unit transmission tariffs expressed in €/MWh for the so called “base case” (pre-defined voltage level which load and generation are connected to, power demand and utilization time). The unit transmission tariff is calculated taking into account the «whole» of the tariff: adding the invoices applied to the load (L) and to the generation (G) (in case (G) is charged), and assuming they produce and consume the energy they had in their programs (without individual deviations). Split of the unit transmission tariff i.e. range of G and L components paid in 2013 by producers and consumers across Europe, calculated for the “base case” are shown respectively in Chart 4 and Chart 5. Voltage levels: • Voltage levels of the transmission networks vary across Europe. In particular the lowest voltage level which is classified as a transmission network varies to a great extent (see Appendix 1: Voltage levels operated by TSO) • In order to make a comparison, two main presumptions lay at the core of this overview: - The producer and consumer are both connected to the EHV (Extra High Voltage) network (400 kV- 220 kV); - Since in some countries transmission tariffs are applied to the HV (High Voltage) voltage range 150-50 kV or because no load is connected to EHV network, tariffs for these voltages have been compared for these countries too. For the comparison of unit transmission tariff, the following base case is taken into account: • 5000 h utilization time that includes day hours of working days; • The typical load considered is eligible and has a maximum power demand of 40 MW when it is connected at EHV and a maximum power demand of 10 MW when it is connected at HV; • For countries with tariff rates that are differentiated by location (locational signals) an average value has been taken. In addition to the base case, some examples are calculated in order to take into account the variation of tariffs according to: • The location of the generation and load (south or north of the country, same area / differentiated area); • The load’s utilization time (the load is considered to first consume during day hours). There are some countries in which certain elements of the transmission tariffs are set and settled on an ex-post basis. In these cases it is not possible to provide exact ex ante figures for the calculation of the 2013 unit transmission tariff. Henceforth, either 2012 figures or best estimates for 2013 are provided for some or whole of the calculation. The detailed notes in the text provide further explanations of the subject. For countries for which the applicable currency is not €, the exchange rate dated 31 December 2012 was used to calculate the unit transmission tariffs expressed in € (see Appendix 10: Exchange rates). 5/49
Page 1 and 2: ENTSO-E Overview of transmission ta
Page 3: Table of contents Background ......
Page 7 and 8: Remarks: (1) The "X" indicates time
Page 9 and 10: o System Balancing and Tertiary Res
Page 11 and 12: not purchased by the ISO. Those ser
Page 13 and 14: Energy-related components and power
Page 15 and 16: Austria Belgium Bosnia & Bosnia Her
Page 17 and 18: Austria Belgium Bosnia and & Herzeg
Page 19 and 20: - Hungary: Losses are part of trans
Page 21 and 22: - Estonia: There are two reasons fo
Page 23 and 24: Transmission tariffs evolution only
Page 25 and 26: Appendix 1: Voltage levels operated
Page 27 and 28: - Portugal: Losses costs are not re
Page 29 and 30: - Portugal: System-services costs a
Page 31 and 32: Norway (Marginal loss factors (MLF)
Page 33 and 34: Germany Total 0,75 €/MWh (each 0,
Page 35 and 36: Appendix 6: First connection charge
Page 37 and 38: plant, for his own connection line.
Page 39 and 40: Appendix 7: Special tariffs Special
Page 41 and 42: Appendix 8: Treatment Final Custome
Page 43 and 44: Appendix 9: Reactive Energy In some
Page 45 and 46: Italy N Y Latvia Y N Lithuania Y N
Page 47 and 48: Appendix 10: Exchange rates For cou
Page 49: Public Service Obligations (PSOs) a

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