Step by Step HTML5

What Is HTML? xxi
The tag for a hyperlink is , a two-sided tag, but most people wouldn’t recognize it
without the attribute that specifies the file or location to which to jump. For example,
to create a hyperlink with the words Click Here that jumps to the file index.htm when
clicked, the coding would look like this:
Click Here
There’s a lot more to HTML, of course, but that’s basically how it works. Plain text is
marked up with tags that indicate where elements such as formatting, hyperlinks, and
graphics should be applied, and a Web browser interprets those tags and displays the
page in its formatted state. The trick, of course, is to know which tags to use, and where
they’re appropriate, and what attributes they need. And that’s the subject of this book.
Understanding Cascading Style Sheets
Web designers who worked with early versions of HTML to create large Web sites were
often frustrated by the amount of repetition involved in their jobs. Suppose a Web site
has 200 pages, all using the same basic layout and design. To make a design change to
the entire site, a designer would have had to go in and manually edit each of those 200
pages.
Later versions of HTML have gotten around this by supporting cascading style sheets.
Based on the same principle as style templates in a word-processing or page-layout program,
Web designers use cascading style sheets to specify the formatting for a particular
tag type—usually in a separate style sheet document—and then apply that style sheet
to multiple pages. Need to make a change to the style? Simply make it in the style sheet,
and the change is applied automatically to all pages.
Although you can still format documents by using older methods—and you’ll learn how
to do a little of that in this book—most Web designers rely almost exclusively on cascading
style sheets for formatting these days, and XHTML all but demands that you do so.
It might seem intimidating at first, but if you are creating a multi-page site, the extra
trouble involved in setting up a cascading style sheet will pay for itself many times over.
Why Learn HTML in Notepad?
This book teaches beginner-level HTML coding, but it teaches it in a rather fundamentalist
way: by creating plain text files in Notepad. There are so many good Web site creation
programs on the market nowadays that you may be wondering why this book takes this
approach.