TypeScript Language Specification v1.5

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12.1.3 Ambient Class Declarations An ambient class declaration declares a class instance type and a constructor function in the containing module. AmbientClassDeclaration: class Identifier TypeParameters opt ClassHeritage { AmbientClassBody } AmbientClassBody: AmbientClassBodyElements opt AmbientClassBodyElements: AmbientClassBodyElement AmbientClassBodyElements AmbientClassBodyElement AmbientClassBodyElement: AmbientConstructorDeclaration AmbientPropertyMemberDeclaration IndexSignature AmbientConstructorDeclaration: constructor ( ParameterList opt ) ; AmbientPropertyMemberDeclaration: AccessibilityModifier opt static opt PropertyName TypeAnnotation opt ; AccessibilityModifier opt static opt PropertyName CallSignature ; 12.1.4 Ambient Enum Declarations An ambient enum is grammatically equivalent to a non-ambient enum declaration. AmbientEnumDeclaration: EnumDeclaration Ambient enum declarations differ from non-ambient enum declarations in two ways: In ambient enum declarations, all values specified in enum member declarations must be classified as constant enum expressions. In ambient enum declarations that specify no const modifier, enum member declarations that omit a value are considered computed members (as opposed to having auto-incremented values assigned). Ambient enum declarations are otherwise processed in the same manner as non-ambient enum declarations. 12.1.5 Ambient Module Declarations An ambient module declaration declares an internal module. 152
AmbientModuleDeclaration: module IdentifierPath { AmbientModuleBody } AmbientModuleBody: AmbientModuleElements opt AmbientModuleElements: AmbientModuleElement AmbientModuleElements AmbientModuleElement AmbientModuleElement: export opt AmbientVariableDeclaration export opt AmbientFunctionDeclaration export opt AmbientClassDeclaration export opt InterfaceDeclaration export opt AmbientEnumDeclaration export opt AmbientModuleDeclaration export opt ImportDeclaration Except for ImportDeclarations, AmbientModuleElements always declare exported entities regardless of whether they include the optional export modifier. 12.2 Ambient External Module Declarations An AmbientExternalModuleDeclaration declares an external module. This type of declaration is permitted only at the top level in a source file that contributes to the global module (section 11.1). The StringLiteral must specify a top-level external module name. Relative external module names are not permitted. AmbientExternalModuleDeclaration: declare module StringLiteral { AmbientExternalModuleBody } AmbientExternalModuleBody: AmbientExternalModuleElements opt AmbientExternalModuleElements: AmbientExternalModuleElement AmbientExternalModuleElements AmbientExternalModuleElement AmbientExternalModuleElement: AmbientModuleElement ExportAssignment export opt ExternalImportDeclaration 153
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TypeScript Language Specification V
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..
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4.9.1 Standard Function Expressions
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9.1 Enum Declarations .............
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1 Introduction JavaScript applicati
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1.1 Ambient Declarations An ambient
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call '$' as a function. The behavio
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function getX(p: Point) { return p.
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This TypeScript class declaration c
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Section 9 describes how programmers
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Interface definitions, like the one
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TypeScript modules provide a mechan
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2 Basic Concepts The remainder of t
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Each enum declaration has a declara
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When an identifier is resolved as a
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which infers the type of 'x' to be
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The only possible values for the Vo
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interface Array { length: number; [
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3.4 Union Types Union types represe
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3.5 Type Parameters A type paramete
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3.6 Named Types Classes, interfaces
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3.7.1 Predefined Types The any, num
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TypeMember: PropertySignature CallS
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3.7.8 Constructor Type Literals A c
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3.8.2 Call Signatures A call signat
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RestParameter: ... Identifier TypeA
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IndexSignature: [ Identifier : stri
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Type aliases are referenced using t
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o o If each type in U has an appare
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o o o M is a non-specialized call o
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3.10.5 Contextual Signature Instant
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interface List { data: T; next: Lis
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4.3 Identifiers When an expression
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of the object literal includes a nu
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A super call invokes the constructo
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( id ) => { ... } ( id ) => expr Th
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A dot notation property access of t
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If func is of type Any, or of an ob
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An example: signature are fixed, an
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This rule means that the call to 'f
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4.14.4 The delete Operator The 'del
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Any Boolean Number String Other Any
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where ??= is one of the compound as
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4.18 The Comma Operator The comma o
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function foo(x: number | string) {
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function processValue(value: number
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5 Statements This chapter describes
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BindingProperty: Identifier Initial
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Similarly, an array destructuring d
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5.5 Continue Statements A 'continue
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6 Functions TypeScript extends Java
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function f(x: number) { if (x
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When the output target is ECMAScrip
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Page 112 and 113: An interface has the members specif
Page 114 and 115: interface Document { createElement(
Page 117 and 118: 8 Classes TypeScript supports class
Page 119 and 120: The following constraints must be s
Page 121 and 122: Private and protected accessibility
Page 123 and 124: interface A { x: number; f: () => v
Page 125 and 126: ConstructorOverloads: ConstructorOv
Page 127 and 128: BaseClass.apply(this, arguments); a
Page 129 and 130: Initializer expressions for instanc
Page 131 and 132: var x = A.create(); // new A() var
Page 133 and 134: MemberVariableAssignments is a sequ
Page 135 and 136: In addition, the '__extends' functi
Page 137 and 138: 9 Enums An enum type is a distinct
Page 139 and 140: An identifier or property access th
Page 141: var Color; (function (Color) { Colo
Page 144 and 145: If the declaration of 'M' above had
Page 146 and 147: module A { export interface X { s:
Page 148 and 149: module outer { var local = 1; expor
Page 150 and 151: where ModuleName is the name of the
Page 152 and 153: DeclarationElement: ExportAssignmen
Page 154 and 155: that source file is considered an e
Page 156 and 157: Unlike a non-instantiated internal
Page 158 and 159: import g = require("./geometry"); v
Page 162 and 163: An ExternalImportDeclaration in an
Page 164 and 165: PrimaryType: ParenthesizedType Pred
Page 166 and 167: ParameterList: RequiredParameterLis
Page 168 and 169: UnaryExpression: ( Modified ) … <
Page 170 and 171: ClassExtendsClause: extends ClassTy
Page 172 and 173: ModuleBody: ModuleElements opt Modu
Page 174 and 175: AmbientClassBodyElements: AmbientCl
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TypeScript Language Specification v1.5

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