Volume 4 - Loctite.ph

How To Use The Plastic Bonding Guide ChaptersRecycling SymbolIllustrates the appropriate recyclingAsymbol for the indicated plastic type,when appropriate.Typical Property TableProvides data on typical physicalBABproperties for each plastic.CDTrade NamesCLists common suppliers of each resinand the trade names for their products.General DescriptionDEProvides information concerning thechemical structure, typical cost andtypes of grades available for each plastic.FGeneral PropertiesDescribes the key characteristicsof the plastic.ETypical ApplicationsLists markets where the plastic isused and the specific applications.FThe Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 3

How To Use The Plastic Bonding Guide ChaptersAAAdhesive ShearStrength TableFor a detailed explanation of the informationcontained in the Adhesive Shear Strength table,please turn to the next page.BAdhesive PerformanceSummarizes the results of the adhesiveshear strength evaluation table.BDCCSurface TreatmentsThe effect of the polyolefin primer andsurface roughening is summarized here.In addition, any information on commonsurface treatment methods is provided.DOther Important InformationContains information on compatibility withcleaners and other miscellaneous information.4The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Cyanoacrylate AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionCyanoacrylates are one-part, room-temperature-curing adhesivesthat are available in viscosities ranging from water-thin liquids tothixotropic gels. When pressed into a thin film between two surfaces,cyanoacrylates cure rapidly to form rigid thermoplastics with excellentadhesion to most substrates.One of the benefits cyanoacrylates offer is the availability of a widevariety of specialty formulations with properties tailored to meetparticularly challenging applications. For example, rubber-toughenedcyanoacrylates offer high peel strength and impact resistance tocomplement the high shear and tensile strengths characteristic ofcyanoacrylates. Thermally resistant cyanoacrylates are available whichoffer excellent bond strength retention after exposure to temperaturesas high as 250°F for thousands of hours. Moreover, “Surfaceinsensitive”cyanoacrylates offer rapid fixture times and cure speeds onacidic surfaces, such as wood or dichromated metals, which could slowthe cure of a cyanoacrylate. In some cases, the use of a generalpurpose cyanoacrylate adhesive was hampered by the appearance of awhite haze around the bond line. This phenomenon is known as“blooming” or “frosting” and occurs when cyanoacrylate monomervolatizes, reacts with moisture in the air, and settles on the part. Toeliminate this problem, “Low Odor/Low Bloom” cyanoacrylates weredeveloped. They have a lower vapor pressure than standardcyanoacrylates and therefore are less likely to volatize. Ultraviolet curing(UV) cyanoacrylates are the latest advancement in cyanoacrylatetechnology. UV cyanoacrylates utilize proprietary photoinitiators to allowcyanoacrylates to surface cure in seconds when exposed to ultravioletor visible light of the appropriate wavelength. Light Cure Technologymakes cyanoacrylates cure even faster, overcome blooming, and limitor eliminate stress cracking. While advances in cyanoacrylateformulating technology have played a key role in offering additionalbenefits to the end user, there have also been important developmentsin cyanoacrylate primer and accelerator technology.Accelerators speed the cure of cyanoacrylate adhesives and areprimarily used to reduce cure/fixture times, to cure fillets on bond linesand/or excess adhesive. Accelerators consist of an active ingredientdispersed in a solvent. The accelerator is typically applied to a substratesurface prior to the application of the adhesive. Once the carrier solventhas evaporated, the cyanoacrylate can immediately be applied and itscure initiated by the active species that the accelerator has left behind.Depending on the particular solvent and active species present in theaccelerator, the solvent can require 10 to 60 seconds to evaporate, andthe active species can have an on-part life ranging from 1 minute to 72hours. Accelerator can also be sprayed over a drop of freecyanoacrylate to rapidly cure it. This technique has been widely usedfor wire tacking in the electronics industry.Another benefit offered by cyanoacrylates is the availability ofprimers which enable them to form strong bonds with polyolefins andother difficult-to-bond plastics such as fluoropolymers and acetalresins. Like the accelerators, polyolefin primers consist of an activeingredient dispersed in a solvent. Once the carrier solvent hasevaporated, the surface is immediately ready for bonding, and theprimer will have an on-part life ranging from minutes to hours.Depending on the plastic, bond strengths of up to 20 times theunprimed bond strength can be achieved.ChemistryCyanoacrylate adhesives are cyanoacrylate esters, of which methyland ethyl cyanoacrylates are the most common. Cyanoacrylatesundergo anionic polymerization in the presence of a weak base, suchas water, and are stabilized through the addition of a weak acid. Whenthe adhesive contacts a surface, the water present on the surfaceneutralizes the acidic stabilizer in the adhesive, resulting in the rapidpolymerization of the cyanoacrylate.Advantages• One-part system• Solvent-free• Rapid room temperature cure• Excellent adhesion to many substrates• Easy to dispense in automated systems• Wide range of viscosities available• Excellent bond strength in shear and tensile mode• Primers available for polyolefins and difficult-to-bond plastics• UV/Visible cure formulas availableDisadvantages• Poor peel strength• Limited gap cure• Poor durability on glass• Poor solvent resistance• Low temperature resistance• Bonds skin rapidly• May stress crack some plastics6The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Hot Melt AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionHot melt adhesives are one-part, solvent-free thermoplastic adhesivesthat are solid at room temperature and a low to medium viscosity (750to 10,000 cP) adhesive at dispense temperatures (typically greaterthan 195°C). After dispense, hot melt adhesives rapidly cool to form astrong bond. In the cured or cooled state, hot melt adhesives can varyin physical properties from soft rubbery and very tacky to hard andrigid. Hot melts have excellent long term durability and resistance tomoisture, chemicals, oils, and temperature extremes.The latest advancement in hot melt technology is the reactivepolyurethane adhesive (PUR). PURs initially behave like standard hotmelts. That is, heat is added to the soften the urethane prepolymer andit is dispensed hot. Once the PUR cools, it reacts with moisture tocrosslink into a tough thermoset polyurethane adhesive that cannot beremelted by adding heat.Advantages• One-part, solvent-free• Fast fixturing• High adhesion to plastics• Wide variety of formulations available• Low volumetric costDisadvantages• Hot dispense point• Operator safety – hot dispense point• Poor adhesion on metals• Cools quickly• Equipment is required• Thermoplastic parts may deform• Charring in reservoir• Moisture sensitivityChemistryChemistries include ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin andpolyamide based hot melts. EVA hot melts are the “original” hot meltand are thought of as the low cost, low performance hot melt. EVAsprovide good adhesion to steel aluminum, rubber, and many plastics.Typical EVA hot melt applications include box and carton sealing. EVAhot melts can be formulated to carry a FDA approval for use in foodpackaging. Out of all available hot melts, EVAs typically have thepoorest high temperature resistance.Polyamide hot melts are a higher cost, higher performing adhesivewith excellent high temperature resistance (up to 300°F). Specialtyformulations are available that carry a UL-94V-0 rating (flameresistance). Polyamide hot melts have a tendency to absorb moisturefrom the air and require special packaging and storage considerations.Polyolefin hot melts are specially formulated for adhesion to polyolefin(polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.) plastics. Compared to otherchemistries, they have longer open times and they have excellentresistance against polar solvents.Reactive polyurethanes are supplied as an urethane prepolymer,behaving much like a standard hot melt until it cools. Once the PURcools, it reacts with moisture over time (a few days) to crosslink into atough thermoset polyurethane.8The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Light Curing Acrylic AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionLight curing acrylic adhesives are supplied as one-part, solvent-freeliquids with viscosities ranging from 50 cP to thixotropic gels. Uponexposure to ultraviolet or visible light of the proper intensity andspectral output, these adhesives cure rapidly to form thermosetpolymers with excellent adhesion to a wide variety of substrates. Thecure times of light curing acrylic adhesives are dependent on manyparameters, however, cure times of 2 to 60 seconds are typical andcure depths in excess of 0.5" (13 mm) are possible. Formulations oflight curing acrylic adhesives are available which vary in curedproperties from very rigid, glassy materials to soft, flexible elastomers.Light curing acrylic adhesives cure rapidly on demand, which minimizeswork in progress and offers virtually unlimited repositioning time. Inaddition, the wide range of viscosities available facilitates the selectionof a product for automated dispensing. These qualities make lightcuring acrylics ideally suited for automated bonding processes.ChemistryLight curing acrylic adhesives are composed of a blend of monomers,oligomers, and polymers containing the acrylate functionality to which aphotoinitiator is added. Upon exposure to light of the proper intensityand spectral output, the photoinitiator decomposes to yield freeradicals. The free radicals then initiate polymerization of the adhesivethrough the acrylate groups to yield a thermoset polymer.When the adhesive is cured in contact with air, the free radicals createdby the decomposition of the photoinitiator can be scavenged by oxygenprior to initiating polymerization. This can lead to incomplete cure of theadhesive at the adhesive/oxygen interface, yielding a tacky surface. Tominimize the possibility of forming a tacky surface, the irradiance of lightreaching the adhesive can be increased, the spectral output of the lightsource can be matched to the absorbance spectrum of the photoinitiator,and/or the adhesive can be covered with an inert gas blanket during cure.Advantages• Cure on demand• Good environmental resistance• Wide range of viscosities available• Solvent-free• Good gap filling• One-part• Dispensing is easily automated• Clear bond lines• Rapid fixture and complete cure• Wide range of physical properties• UV/Visible cure systems available• Fluorescent dyes can be added to ease inspection/detectionDisadvantages• Light must be able to reach bond line• Oxygen can inhibit cure• Equipment expense for light source• Ozone created by high intensity light source must be ventedThe Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 9

Polyurethane AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionPolyurethane adhesives are supplied as one and two-part systemswhich range in viscosity from self-leveling liquids to non-slumpingpastes. They cure to form thermoset polymers with good solvent andchemical resistance. They are extremely versatile and can range incured form from extremely soft elastomers to rigid, extremely hardplastics. Polyurethanes offer a good blend of cohesive strength andflexibility which makes them very tough, durable adhesives.Polyurethanes bond well to most unconditioned substrates, but mayrequire the use of solvent-based primers to achieve high bondstrengths. They offer good toughness at low temperatures, buttypically degrade in strength after long-term exposure over 302°F(150°C). Since the cure of one-part, moisture-curing polyurethanes isdependent on moisture diffusing through the polymer, the maximumdepth of cure that can be achieved in a reasonable time is limited atapproximately 0.375" (9.5 mm). Two-part systems, on the other hand,offer unlimited depth of cure.Advantages• Extremely tough• Good resistance to solvents• High cohesive strength• Good impact resistance• Good abrasion resistanceDisadvantages• Limited depth of cure for one-part polyurethanes• Mixing required for two-part polyurethanes• Primer may be needed for adhesion to some substrates• Limited high temperature useChemistryOne-part polyurethane adhesives can react with moisture to polymerize.Another cure mechanism involves the evolution of species that inhibitthe cure of the polyurethane. In either case, cure is dependent on achemical species diffusing through the polyurethane matrix, so thedepth of cure is limited. Two-part polyurethanes, which generally curethrough the reaction of an isocyanate and a polyol, avoid this limitationand offer superior depth of cure. In either case, the polyurethanepolymer forms rigid and soft domains that give the polymer its balanceof flexibility and high strength.10The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Silicone AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionSilicone adhesives are typically supplied as one-part systems that rangein viscosity from self-leveling liquids to non-slumping pastes. They cureto soft thermoset elastomers with excellent property retention over awide temperature range.Silicones have good adhesion to many substrates, but are limited intheir utility as structural adhesives by their low cohesive strength.Silicone adhesives are typically cured via reaction with ambienthumidity, although formulations are also available which can be curedby heat, mixing of two components, or exposure to ultraviolet light.Since the cure of moisture-curing silicones is dependent on moisturediffusing through the silicone matrix, the cure rate is strongly affectedby the ambient relative humidity and the maximum depth of cure islimited to 0.375 to 0.500". At 50% RH, moisture cure silicones will cureto a tack-free surface in 5 to 60 minutes, depending on the type used.Complete cure through thick sections of silicone can take up to72 hours. It should be noted that adhesive strength may continue todevelop for 1 to 2 weeks after the silicone has been applied. This occursbecause the reaction between the reactive groups on the siliconepolymer and the reactive groups on the substrate surface is slower thanthe crosslinking reaction of the silicone groups with themselves.Moisture curing silicones are categorized by the by-product given offas they react with moisture. For example, acetoxy cure silicones giveoff acetic acid. Alkoxy cure silicones give off alcohols (typicallymethanol or ethanol), and oxime curing silicones evolve methyl ethylketoxime. Acetoxy cure silicones are known for their ability to curerapidly and develop good adhesion to many substrates. Their largestlimitation is the potential for the by-product acetic acid to promotecorrosion. Alkoxy cure silicones, on the other hand, do not have thislimitation because the alcohol by-products are noncorrosive. Thismakes them well suited for electronic and medical applications whereacetic acid could be a problem. Unfortunately, alkoxy cure siliconestypically have lower adhesion and take longer to cure than acetoxycure silicones.intensity, they will form a tack-free surface and cure to a polymer withup to 80% of its ultimate physical strength in less than a minute.Initial adhesion can be good, but because ultimate bond strength isdependent on the moisture cure portion of the silicone, full bondstrength can take 1 to 2 weeks to develop. Silicones with a secondaryacetoxy cure show good bond strength while those with a secondaryalkoxy cure are lower.ChemistrySilicone formulations are available which can be cured throughmoisture, heat, mixing two components, and exposure to ultravioletlight. The silicones used for adhesives are typically the one-partmoisture curing and UV curing silicones. All silicones have a chemicalbackbone made up of silicone to oxygen bonds, known as siloxanebonds. It is the high energy of this bond that gives silicones theirunique high temperature performance properties.Advantages• One-part systems available• Solvent-free• Room temperature cure• Excellent adhesion to many substrates• Extremely flexible• UV curing and 2-part formulations availableDisadvantages• Low cohesive strength• Moisture cure systems have limited depth of cure• Swelled by non-polar solventsOxime cure silicones offer cure speeds and adhesion that rival, and insome cases surpass, that of acetoxy cure silicones. In addition, theoxime they evolve will not corrode ferric substrates, although it canstain copper or brass. Consequently, oxime silicones have foundwidespread use in automotive gasketing applications. The chieflimitation of all moisture curing silicones is the difficulty associatedwith accelerating the cure rate. This concern was addressed throughthe development of UV cure silicones. Ultraviolet light curing siliconesgenerally also have a secondary moisture cure mechanism to insurethat any silicone which is not irradiated with ultraviolet light will stillcure. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light of the proper wavelength andThe Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 11

No-Mix and Static Mix Acrylic AdhesivesGeneral DescriptionAcrylic adhesives consist of a resin and an activator/hardener. The resincomponent is a solvent-free, high-viscosity liquid, typically in the rangeof 10,000 to 100,000 cP, while the activator component can be asolvent dispersion of the cure catalyst (no-mix) or a high viscosity mixof the cure catalyst and performance additives.If the carrier solvent present in the activator solvent dispersion isundesirable, the pure catalyst is also available as a solvent-freeactivator. However, when using a solvent-free activator, the amount ofactivator applied must be tightly controlled, as excessive activator willdetrimentally affect the performance of the adhesive. With static mixacrylics, the viscosity of the resin and hardener are formulated to bevery similar in order to ensure good mixing through the static mix tip.A primer may also be incorporated into the resin or hardener in orderto enhance the bond strength on some substrates.The resin base of no-mix acrylic adhesives can also be heat cured. Atypical heat cure cycle is ten minutes at 300°F (149°C). Heat curingnormally offers higher bond strengths and shorter cure times. However,heating the adhesive lowers the resin’s viscosity and may result insome adhesive flow out of large gaps. In some instances, it is desiredto use a combination of these two cure methods, fixturing the assemblywith activator prior to heat cure.Application MethodWhen an activator is used, the adhesive is cured in thefollowing manner:✓ The resin is applied to one of the substrate surfaces.✓ The activator is typically applied to the other surface.✓ The activator’s carrier solvent is allowed to flash off.✓ The two surfaces are mated together.✓ The catalyst from the activator then initiatesthe polymerization of the resin.Typically, these systems develop fixture strength in two minutes and fullstrength in 4 to 24 hours. The activator serves only as a catalyst for thepolymerization of the resin, so when using an activator, the ratio ofactivator to resin is not critical. However, this is not the case forsolventless activators, because the activator is so concentrated thatexcess activator can prevent the adhesive from forming an intimatebond with the substrate. Since polymerization is initiated at the interfacebetween the activator and resin, the cure depth is limited. Typically, themaximum cure-through-depth is 0.30" (0.76 mm) from this interface.ChemistryThe resin base consists of an elastomer dissolved in acrylicmonomers. Peroxides are then blended in to provide the resin with asource of free radicals. The elastomers form a rubbery phase whichgives the adhesive its toughness, and the acrylic monomers form thethermoset polymer matrix which gives the adhesive its environmentalresistance and strength.The type of cure catalyst used in the activator will vary depending onthe cure chemistry of the adhesive. In no-mix acrylics, the catalyst(s)are often diluted in a solvent, although in some cases, they aresupplied in solventless formulations. In static mix acrylics, the catalystis blended in with a portion of the elastomer in order to match theviscosity of the resin. Upon contact of the cure catalyst(s) with theresin base, the peroxide in the resin base decomposes to yield freeradicals. These radicals then initiate polymerization through theacrylate groups on the monomer in the resin base.Advantages• No mixing required (no-mix acrylics only)• Good environmental resistance• High peel and impact strength• Bonds to lightly contaminated surfaces• Fast fixture and cure• Room temperature cure• Good adhesion to many substrates• Cure can be accelerated with heatDisadvantages• Higher viscosity systems can make automateddispensing difficult• Activator may contain solvents (no-mix acrylics only)• Unpleasant odor• Limited cure-through depth (no-mix acrylics only)• High exotherm (static mix acrylics)• Short worklife of some formulations (static mix acrylics)Static mix acrylic adhesives are dispersed using hand held applicatorsand the appropriate static mix tip (typically 24 elements). Static mixacrylics offer unlimited depth of cure but due to the exothermic natureof the reaction, caution must be exercised. The exotherm may deformtemperature sensitive substrates or cause “read-through” on theopposite surface.12The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Why Bond Plastics With Loctite ® Brand Adhesives?Advantages Over OtherAssembly MethodsAccording to the “Engineer’s Guide To Plastics,” published by MaterialsEngineering, adhesives are the most versatile assembly method forplastics. They are listed as being capable of joining 36 types of plasticscompared to 28 types for mechanical fasteners, the next most versatilemethod. Methods such as heat staking and ultrasonic welding arelimited by comparison, being suitable for 15 and18 plastics, respectively.Advantages VersusMechanical FastenersMechanical fasteners are quick and easy to use, but have a number ofsignificant drawbacks.• They create stresses in the plastic which may lead to distortionor cracking. Adhesives do not.• There are extra components which must be purchased andinventoried. Adhesives require no extra components.• They require altering the design of the product to include bossesand holes. Adhesives require no special features.• Their appearance often interferes with the styling of the product.Adhesives are invisible inside a bonded joint.• They concentrate all of the holding power at the fastener location,causing the applied load to be carried by a small area of plastic.Adhesives spread the load evenly over the entire joint area.Advantages Versus Ultrasonic WeldingUltrasonic welding can be an excellent method for certain typesof assemblies. There are, however, a number of factors which limitits usefulness.• Ultrasonic welding is not usable for thermosets. Adhesives are.• Joining of plastics to metal, glass, or other materials is not feasiblein most cases. Adhesives do this easily.• The design of joints is restricted to geometries which are favorableto the process. Ideally, they should have a small, uniform contactarea to concentrate the ultrasonic energy. Adhesives canaccommodate irregular bond lines.• The capability of joining different thermoplastics in the sameassembly is limited to those which are chemically compatible andhave similar melting points. Adhesives are not restricted in this way.• Ultrasonic welding requires investment in machinery as well asspecial tooling for each part. Most adhesives require nomachinery or tooling.Advantages Versus Solvent WeldingSolvent welding can be a useful, low-cost method ofassembling plastics. However, its usefulness is limited bya number of disadvantages.• Solvent welding cannot be used with dissimilar materials suchas metals or glass. Adhesives do the job.• Solvents will not work with thermoset plastics. Adhesives will.• Solvents are more likely to cause stress cracking than areadhesives.• The time between the application of the solvent and the joiningof the parts is critical. The joints are weak if too much solventremains in the bond area or if too much solvent has flashed offprior to assembly. Adhesives have a much less critical open time.Advantages Versus Solvent CementsSolvent cements are low cost materials which have been traditionallyused to join plastics. Their primary advantage is low cost, yet theirlimitations are numerous.• They have poor resistance to heat and solvents.• They produce solvent fumes which may be toxic or flammable.• The open time of the bonded joint is critical.• They require an extensive drying time.• Solvent trapped inside the joint may lead to porosity or weakness.• Solvent cementing is not capable of joining parts with significantgaps between them. Adhesives tolerate much larger gaps.• Solvent bonds can take weeks to achieve full strength.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 13

Acetal HomopolymerThermoplasticTrade Names• Celcon• Delrin• Iupital• Kemlex• Tenac• UltraformManufacturerHoechst CelaneseE.I. DuPontMitsubishi GasFerro CorporationAsahi ChemicalBASFGeneral DescriptionAcetal homopolymer is a highly crystalline thermoplastic produced bypolymerizing formaldehyde and capping each end of the polymer chainwith acetate groups. The polymer is properly called polyoxymethylene(POM) and has a backbone comprised of repeating -CH 2 O- units. Acetalcopolymer is manufactured by copolymerizing trioxane with relativelysmall amounts of a comonomer. The comonomer randomly distributescarbon-carbon bonds in the polymer chain which helps to stabilize theresin against environmental degradation. The relatively low cost ofacetals, in addition to their good balance of mechanical, chemical andelectrical properties, makes them well suited for replacing metal andother structural materials. Specialty grades available include glassfilled,low friction/low wear, antistatic and conductive, mineral-coupled,UV stabilized, pigmented, toughened (elastomer modified), and abrasionresistant grades. In 2004, the price of acetal homopolymer rangedapproximately from $1.25 to $2.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesAcetals exhibit high physical strength, as well as excellent creep andimpact resistance. Due to their extremely low water absorption rate, theelectrical properties and dimensional stability of acetal resins areminimally affected by atmospheric moisture. The dielectric constant ofan acetal resin varies only slightly over a wide frequency range, itsdielectric strength is high, and a volume resistivity of 1015 ohm-cmmakes it a good electrical insulator. Acetals are resistant to solvents,ethers, oils, greases, gasoline, and other organic compounds, and areespecially well suited for use with methanol-based fuels. They areresistant to moderate strength acids, but are not recommended for usewith strong acids. Acetal homopolymer is very resistant to wear due toits hard surface and low coefficient of friction (0.1 to 0.3). Acetalhomopolymer is UL94HB rated for flammability, and has continuousservice temperatures in the range of 212°F (100°C) to 221°F (105°C).Typical Properties of Acetal HomopolymerAmerican EngineeringProcessing Temperature 350°F to 420°F 117°C to 216°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.025 in./in. 0.001 to 0.025 cm/cmMelting Point 325°F to 355°F 163°C to 179°CDensity 84.3 to 96.1 lb./ft. 3 1.35 to 1.54 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 6.0 to 10.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 7.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 5.8 to 10.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 7.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 5.0 to 80.0% 5.0 to 80.0%Tensile Modulus 3.0 to 5.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.1 to 3.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 7.1 to 15.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.0 to 11.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.2 to 5.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.5 to 4.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 4.5 to 17.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 12.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.5 to 2.8 ft.-lb./in. 2.7 to 15.1 kg cm/cmHardness R117 - R120 Rockwell R117 - R120 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.6 to 2.5 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.23 to 0.31 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.5 to 11.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 0.9 to 19.8 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI195°F to 325°F 91°C to 163°C300°F to 345°F 149°C to 174°C212°F to 221°F 100°C to 105°CDielectric Strength 380 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.5 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.5 to 4.2 3.5 to 4.20.001 to 0.009 0.001 to 0.0090.16 to 0.35% 0.16 to 0.35%Typical Applications• Automotive – Fasteners, carburetor floats, knobs,fuel pump housings• Industrial Machinery – Valves, conveying equipment,rollers, springs• Plumbing – Ballcocks, faucet cartridges, impellers, shower heads,faucet underbodies• Electronic – Keytops, switches, buttons• Miscellaneous – A/V cassette components, toiletry articles,zippers, bearings, toy parts14The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Acetal HomopolymerUNFILLED RESIN30 rmsROUGHENED47 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.2% Irganox 1010UV STABILIZER0.2% Tinuvin 3280.4% Tinuvin 770IMPACT MODIFIER30% Estane 5708F1LUBRICANT3.88% N,N'-EthyleneBisstearamide WaxGLASS FILLER20% Type 3090Glass FillerPTFE FILLER15% PTFE MP1300COLORANT4% 3972 colorantDelrin 100 produced by Dupont PolymersANTISTATIC1.5% Markstat AL12ACETAL COPOLYMERCelcon courtesy ofHoechst CelaneseLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive1000.72001.4170011.75003.5500.32501.71501.06004.1170011.75003.51000.72501.71000.74002.8170011.75003.5500.32501.71000.79006.2170011.75003.5500.33002.11000.73502.4170011.75003.5500.33502.41000.73502.4170011.79006.2500.34503.11000.711007.6280019.311007.6500.33002.11000.72001.4170011.71000.7500.32501.71000.72001.4170011.75003.5500.32501.71501.0175021.1170011.711007.6500.32501.7500.31000.73002.11000.72001.42001.4Delrin 150E produced by Dupont Polymers 23 rmsLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin2001.42001.42001.41501.03502.42501.72001.43002.11501.010507.21501.02501.71000.7Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, when used in conjunction with Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primerachieved the highest bond strengths on all of the acetal formulations that were evaluated. Loctite ®E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive, Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesive and Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive achievedthe second highest bond strengths. Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive and Loctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealantachieved the lowest bond strengths on acetal polymers. The addition of an antistatic additive to acetalhomopolymer resulted in a large, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved whenusing Loctite ® 401 Prism ® , 4011 Prism ® or 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening either caused no effect or a statistically significant increase in bond strengthachieved on acetal homopolymer. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ®401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ®7701 Prism ® Primer, caused a statistically significant increase in the bondability of both acetalhomopolymer and copolymer.Other Important Information• The surface of acetals tends to be very dry, so an accelerator may be necessaryto speed the cure of cyanoacrylates.• Acetal homopolymers are compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives,sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1501.0Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast Setting7004.86004.12501.7NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive(or surface roughening) caused a statisticallysignificant decrease in the bond strength within95% confidence limits.NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive(or surface roughening) caused a statisticallysignificant increase in the bond strength within95% confidence limits.Loctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone500.3The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 15

Acrylic (PMMA)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Acrylite• Acrylt• Diakon• Modar• Plexiglas• Shinkolite• Sumipex• ZylarManufacturerCYRO IndustriesSumitomo ChemicalICI AmericasICI AcrylicsAtofinaMitsubishi RayonSumitomo ChemicalNovacor ChemicalsGeneral DescriptionPolymethyl methacrylate, the most common member of the acrylicfamily, is produced through free radical polymerization of the monomer,which is initiated by a reactive chemical or radiant energy. The monomeris produced when acetone cyanohydrin is heated with methanol in thepresence of concentrated sulfuric acid. The optical clarity, rigidity, wideselection of colors and ability to resist sunlight and other environmentalstresses, make acrylics ideal for replacing glass in light transmissionapplications. Specialty grades of acrylic include impact resistant gradesand a full range of transparent, translucent and opaque colors. In 2004,the price of acrylics ranged approximately from $1.00 to $1.75 perpound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesA transparency equal to glass and outstanding weatherability areacrylic’s most notable properties. Years of testing with sunlight andartificial light sources have resulted in no appreciable yellowing or lossin the physical properties of acrylics. They have good tensile andflexural strength, but even low stresses can cause surface crazing ifapplied for extended periods of time. Acrylics are more rigid than mostthermoplastics, but a large unsupported sheet will deform permanentlyunder a continuous load, even from its own weight. Acrylics are notrecommended for high temperature applications, illustrated by theircontinuous service temperatures of 170°F (76°C) to 190°F (88°C),though annealing can be used to increase this temperature. Acrylicsare chemically resistant to many chemicals, however, are attacked byketones, esters, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Althoughacrylics are combustible, they are widely used in building interiors andlighting fixtures, posing minimal safety hazards provided that thepertinent building codes and applicable Underwriter’s Laboratorystandards are observed.Typical Properties of Acrylic (PMMA)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 350°F to 570°F 117°C to 299°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.003 to 0.007 in./in. 0.003 to 0.007 cm/cmMelting Point 266°F 130°CDensity 65.6 to 76.2 lb./ft. 3 1.05 to 1.22 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.5 to 10.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.1 to 7.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.3 to 12.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.9 to 9.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 0.5 to 75.0% 0.5 to 75.0%Tensile Modulus 1.5 to 7.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.1 to 4.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 1.7 to 3.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.2 to 2.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 0.1 to 6.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0 to 4.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.0 to 18.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 13.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.2 to 2.0 ft.-lb./in. 0.9 to 10.8 kg cm/cmHardness M65 - M100 Rockwell M65 - M100 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.3 to 1.5 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.19 to 0.22 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature3.3 to 5.6 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 5.9 to 10.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5Typical Applications• Construction – Enclosures for swimming pools and buildings,paneling, break resistant security glazing, tinted sunscreens,domed skylights, lighting fixtures• Automotive – Lenses, medallions, nameplates, parts,instrument panels, signals• Household – Lavatory and vanity tops, tubs, counters, furniture• Medical – IV systems, blood pumps, filters, y-sites, luers• Miscellaneous – Display cabinets, appliances,false fingernails, aviation canopiesSI150°F to 225°F 66°C to 107°C176°F to 217°F 80°C to 103°C170°F to 190°F 77°C to 88°CDielectric Strength 260 to 760 V/10 -3 in. 1.0 to 3.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.2 to 3.9 2.2 to 3.90.025 to 0.045 0.025 to 0.0450.1 to 0.5% 0.1 to 0.5%16The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)AcrylicUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED34 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.1% Irganox 245UV STABILIZER0.6% Uvinal 3039FLAME RETARDANT17% Phoschek P-30LUBRICANT55 Witconal NP-330IMPACT MODIFIER29% Paraloid EXL 3330PLASTICIZER9% Benoflex 50COLORANT A1% OmnicolorPacific BlueCOLORANT B0.5% 99-41-042 GreenANTISTATIC1.5% Markstat AL-48Perspex CP80 produced by ICI Acrylics Inc.Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesive,General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone6004.1150010.3>3950 2150>27.2 14.82501.74002.814009.7145010.010507.2>3050 1250>21.0 8.66004.1155010.76004.1>2150 >14.8 >3950 >3950 >5050 >3950 >3950 >3000 >3350 >2350 >3950 >27.2 >27.2 >34.8 >27.2 >27.2 >20.7 >23.1 >16.2 >27.2 3502.42501.7>5250 350>36.2 2.412508.6>2900 >2900 >2900 >2900 >2900 >4550 2900>20.0 >20.0 >20.0 >20.0 >20.0 >31.4 20.011507.9175012.18505.9>4750 >32.8 9506.65003.5175012.13002.110006.96004.14503.1NOTTESTED6504.53502.4500.3150.111507.912508.68505.9100.16504.5175012.111507.9175012.111507.9175012.111507.9175012.111507.912508.66504.5175012.12501.72501.72501.72501.7>2900 >2900 >2900 >2900 >20.0 >20.0 >20.0 >20.0 11507.9175012.111507.913509.34503.1175012.1Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ®414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesive created bonds that were stronger than the acrylic substrate formost of the formulations evaluated. Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive,Loctite ® E90-FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive and Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesives normallyachieved the second highest bond strengths. Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive, Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive and Loctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant achieved the lowest bond strengths onPMMA. When using Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive, the addition of lubricant or antistaticagents resulted in the bond strengths increasing from average strengths to substrate failure.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, caused a11507.9175012.1statistically significant decrease in the bond strengths achieved on all the formulations of acrylic whichwere evaluated, with the exception of the flame retarded formulation. Surface roughening caused astatistically significant increase in bond strengths achieved when using Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® InstantAdhesive, but caused either no effect or a statistically significant decrease in bond strength for all theother adhesives evaluated.Other Important Information• Acrylics can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives,so any excess adhesive should be removed from the surface immediately.• Acrylics are compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators before theadhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• Acrylics are incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.NOT TESTED:Substrate melted at adhesive cure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 17

Acrylic-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Centrex• Geloy• Kibisan• Luran• TerblendManufacturerMonsanto ChemicalGE PlasticsChi Mei IndustrialBASFBASFTypical Properties ofAcrylic-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 450°F to 520°F 232°C to 271°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.005 to 0.006 in./in. 0.005 to 0.006 cm/cmMelting Point – –SIGeneral DescriptionASA is an amorphous terpolymer of acrylic, styrene, and acrylonitrilethat is produced by mass copolymerization or by grafting styreneacrylonitrileto the acrylic elastomer backbone. The plastic is known forits toughness, outdoor weatherability, and UV resistance. Specialtygrades available include impact resistant, high-gloss, and alloys withPVC and polycarbonate. In 2004, the price of ASA ranged approximatelyfrom $1.15 to $2.25 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesThe acrylic elastomer in ASA gives the resin its excellent weatherabilitycharacteristics, while the styrene imparts the pleasing surfaceappearance. ASA can have notched Izod impact strength values ashigh as 20 ft.-lb./in. (108 kg-cm/cm), and a tensile strength as high as11,400 psi (800 kg/cm 2 ). ASA is also known for its glossy surface. Forexample, there are commercially available grades designed for use ascapstock in sheet coextrusion processes which have a 60 degree glossvalue of 95. With a heat deflection temperature at 264 psi of no morethan 225°F (107°C), ASA is not recommended for use in hightemperature applications. ASA has good resistance to oils, greases,and salt solutions, but is attacked by ketones, esters, aromaticcompounds, chlorinated solvents, and some alcohols.Density 65.6 to 75.5. lb./ft. 3 1.05 to 1.21 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.6 to 7.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 5.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 5.5 to 11.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.9 to 8.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 3.0 to 70.0% 3.0 to 70.0%Tensile Modulus 3.0 to 4.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.1 to 2.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 7.0 to 12.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.9 to 8.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.4 to 5.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.7 to 4.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength – –Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 20.0 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 108.0 kg cm/cmHardness R85 - R109 Rockwell R85 - R109 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.18 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.17 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature4.9 to 8.3 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 8.8 to 14.9 cm/cm-°C x10 -5170°F to 225°F 77°C to 107°C185°F to 230°F 85°C to 110°C– –Dielectric Strength 400 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.6 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.2 to 3.6 3.2 to 3.60.0004 to 0.019 0.0004 to 0.0190.10 to 0.40% 0.10 to 0.40%Typical Applications• Automotive – Body moldings, bumper parts• Construction – Wall fixtures, downspouts, gutters,house siding profiles• Sporting goods – Snowmobile and ATV housings,camper tops, windsurfer boards• Miscellaneous – Garden hose fittings, telephone handsets,swimming pool steps18The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Acrylic-Styrene-AcrylonitrileGeloy XP1001-100 produced by GE PlasticsGeloy CR7520-BR7166S courtesy of GE Plastics 2 rmsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV SiliconeUNFILLED RESIN4 rms>1650 >1650 >1650 >1300 >1650 >1650 >1650 >1650 >1650 >11.4 >11.4 >11.4 >9.0 >11.4 >11.4 >11.4 >11.4 >11.4 >1750 >1900 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >12.1 >13.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >1750 1150>12.1 7.9>1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >1700 >1850 >1700 >1700 >1700 >1850 >1700 >1700 >1700 >11.7 >12.8 >11.7 >11.7 >11.7 >12.8 >11.7 >11.7 >11.7 9506.613009.01501.0>3300 >22.8 165011.4180012.4>2750 >19.0 4002.87004.87505.28505.9NOTTESTED9006.22001.4200.11501.0190013.19506.64002.81000.7ROUGHENED4 rms7004.813009.0ANTIOXIDANT0.2% Irganox 2459506.613009.0UV STABILIZER0.5% Tinuvin 7700.5% Tinuvin P9506.613009.0FLAME RETARDANT20% F20166504.513009.0IMPACT MODIFIER9% Paraloid EXL33309506.613009.0LUBRICANT30.3% Mold Wiz INT SP89506.613009.0COLORANT1% Omnicolor Nectarine9506.613009.0ANTISTATIC1.5% Dehydat 93P9506.613009.0Adhesive PerformanceThree of the cyanoacrylates tested, namely Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® , 401 and 4305 Prism ® and414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, as well as Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive all created bonds whichwere stronger than the substrate on almost all of the ASA formulations evaluated. Loctite ® 3105 LightCure Adhesive, Loctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Loctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot MeltAdhesive did not achieve substrate failure, but did perform well on ASA. Loctite ® 3340 Light CureAdhesive, Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive and Loctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant achieved thelowest bond strengths on ASA.Surface TreatmentsThe effect of using Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,could not be determined because both primed and unprimed ASA achieved substrate failure for most ofthe formulations evaluated. Surface roughening had an inconsistent effect on the bondability of ASA.Other Important Information• ASA can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives, so any excess adhesiveshould be removed from the surface immediately.• ASA is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators beforethe adhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• ASA is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.NOT TESTED:Substrate melted at adhesive cure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 19

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Cevian• Cycolac• Lustran• Magnum• Shinko-Lac• Taitalac• ToyolacManufacturerHoescht CelaneseGeneral ElectricMonsanto ChemicalDow ChemicalMitsubishi RayonTaita Chemical Co.Toray IndustriesGeneral DescriptionABS is a generic name for a versatile family of amorphous thermoplasticsproduced by combining three monomers, acrylonitrile, butadiene, andstyrene. The ratio of these monomers, as well as the molecular structure,can be manipulated to optimize the characteristics of the resultingpolymer. Acrylonitrile contributes chemical resistance and thermalstability. Butadiene contributes product toughness, impact resistance,and property retention at low temperatures. Styrene contributes rigidity,surface appearance, and processability. The resultant polymer’sproperties can vary over a large range to suit the manufacturer’s needs.For this reason, ABS is widely used in countless applications throughoutindustry. Specialty grades available include general purpose, glass filled,electroplateable, heat resistant, clear, high and low gloss, structural foam,and flame retardant grades. In 2004, the price of ABS ranged from $1.25to $3.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesABS offers an excellent combination of toughness and rigidity at a lowcost. Typical notched impact strength ranges from 0.5 to 12 ft.-lb./in.(2.7 to 64.8 kg cm/cm), while typical tensile modulii range from200,000 to 1,200,000 psi (14,000 to 84,000 kg/cm 2 ). In addition to itstoughness, ABS has a high dimensional stability (which permits tightmold tolerances), a pleasing surface appearance, and is very easy toprocess. ABS is a relatively good electrical insulator and is suitable forsecondary insulating applications. ABS is chemically resistant to acidsand bases, but is not recommended for use with esters, ketones, oraldehydes. ABS has poor resistance to UV exposure, resulting insignificant changes in its appearance and mechanical properties. Toaddress this limitation, there are protective coatings available whichenhance ABS’s resistance to UV degradation. Some grades of ABS arecreated by adding a fourth monomer, such as the addition of alphamethyl styrene to create a heat resistant grade. Clear grades arecreated by adding methyl methacrylate, giving ABS the ability totransmit 75 to 80% of light.Typical Properties ofAcrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 400°F to 525°F 204°C to 274°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.007 in./in. 0.002 to 0.007 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 63.7 to 79.9 lb./ft. 3 1.02 to 1.28 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.6 to 7.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 5.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 4.0 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.8 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 50.0% 1.0 to 50.0%Tensile Modulus 2.0 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.4 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 6.2 to 20.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.4 to 14.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.5 to 4.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.8 to 3.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.0 to 17.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 12.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.5 to 12.0 ft-lb./in. 2.7 to 64.8 kg cm/cmHardness R95 - R125 Rockwell R96 - R125 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.2 to 1.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.17 to 0.23 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.1 to 5.7 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.0 to 10.3 cm/cm-°C x10 -5Typical Applications• Medical – Piercing pins, clamps, filter casings, stopcocks,check valves, blood dialyzers• Miscellaneous – Appliances, business machines, telephones,luggage, power tools, bathtubs, pipe fittings, toys, faucets, showerheads, sporting goods, automotive applicationsSI170°F to 240°F 77°C to 116°C190°F to 245°F 88°C to 118°C130°F to 180°F 54°C to 82°CDielectric Strength 350 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.4 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.1 to 3.4 3.1 to 3.40.008 to 0.009 0.008 to 0.0090.1 to 0.5% 0.1 to 0.5%20The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Acryonitrile-Butadiene-StyreneUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED48 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.1% Irgaphos 1680.16% Irganox 2450.04% Irganox 1076UV STABILIZER0.4% UV54110.4% UV33460.1% Irganox 1076FLAME RETARDANT13.5% DE83R3% Chlorez 700S4% 772VHT Sb OxideSMOKESUPPRESSANT55 Firebrake ZBZinc BorateLUBRICANT0.2% N,N'-EthyleneBisstearamideGLASS FILLER20% Type 3540Glass FillerCOLORANT4% 7526 ColorantANTISTATIC3% Armostat 550Cyclone GPM 6300 produced by GE PlasticsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesive,General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone9506.614009.79506.69506.69506.66504.59506.69506.69506.6>3500 >24.1 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 † >3350 †>23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 † >23.1 †>3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >3500 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 >24.1 3002.113009.01501.03002.13002.1>3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 † >3500 †>24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 † >24.1 †5503.8>7650 >32.0 170011.78005.5200013.84503.1350024.2180012.4265018.3NOTTESTED8505.92001.41000.7500.3195013.56004.12501.72001.4Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives and Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® and3105 Light Cure Adhesives created bonds that were stronger than the ABS substrate. The bond strengthsachieved by Loctite ® H3000 and H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesives, 3030 Adhesive, Loctite ®E-90FL and E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive did notachieved substrate failure but performed exceptionally well. However, the addition of an antistatic agentresulted in a large, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved on ABS. Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® and Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives consistently achieved the lowest bond strengths.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved when usingLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive and Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive. The effect of surfaceroughening could not be determined for Loctite ® 401 Prism ® , 4011 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesives and Loctite ® 3105 and 3311 Light Cure Adhesives because the bonds created by theseadhesives were stronger than the ABS substrate for both the treated and untreated ABS. Likewise, the effectof using Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ®4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, could not be determined.Other Important Information• ABS can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives, so any excess adhesiveshould be removed from the surface immediately.• ABS is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators beforethe adhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• ABS is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.† Due to the severe deformation of the block shearspecimens, testing was stopped before the actual bondstrength achieved by the adhesive could be determined(the adhesive bond never failed).3002.13002.13002.13002.1NOT TESTED: Substrate melted at adhesivecure temperature.3002.1The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 21

Diallyl Phthalate (DAP, DAIP)ThermosetTrade Names Manufacturer• Cosmic DAPCosmic Plastics• DapexRogers CorporationTypical Properties of Diallyl Phthalate (DAP, DAIP)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 250°F to 350°F 121°C to 171°CGeneral DescriptionDiallyl phthalate (DAP) is the most commonly used of the allylicesters, which are a branch of the polyester family. The backbone ofthe diallyl phthalate monomer is made of a chain of benzene ringsand allyl groups which is formed from a condensation reaction ofphthalic anhydride and allyl alcohol. The monomer is then madeinto a thermoset resin using a peroxide, which may then be furtherpolymerized to create a thermoset plastic using a variety of methods.Specialty grades available include flame retarded and mineral,glass, and synthetic fiber filled. In 2004, the price of DAP rangedapproximately from $2.50 to $6.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesAllylic esters are among the most versatile of the thermosettingresins. Allylic resins are chosen for applications that requireoutstanding dimensional stability, ease of molding, low waterabsorption, and excellent electrical properties. Diallyl phthalate hasa continuous service temperature as high as 500°F (260°C). Diallylisophthalate, a similar but more expensive resin, may be used ifsuperior dimensional and thermal stability are required. Allylic estershave excellent resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons, oils, and alcohols,but are not recommended for use with phenols and oxidizing acids.Linear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.008 in./in. 0.002 to 0.008 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 87.4 to 137.3 lb./ft. 3 1.40 to 2.20 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 3.0 to 3.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.1 to 2.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.0 to 12.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.7 to 8.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break – –Tensile Modulus 13.0 to 20.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 9.1 to 14.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 7.3 to 23.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.1 to 16.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 6.7 to 26.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 4.7 to 18.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 21.0 to 32.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 14.8 to 22.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 7.0 ft-lb./in. 1.6 to 37.8 kg cm/cmHardness – –Thermal Conductivity 2.1 to 3.3 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.30 to 0.48 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.3 to 3.5 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 0.5 to 6.3 cm/cm-°C x10 -5250°F to 550°F 121°C to 288°C280°F to 600°F 138°C to 316°C300°F to 500°F 149°C to 260°CDielectric Strength 330 to 480 V/10 -3 in. 1.3 to 1.9 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.5 to 4.6 3.5 to 4.60.010 to 0.180 0.010 to 0.1800.15 to 0.30% 0.15 to 0.30%Typical Applications• Electrical – Connectors, switches, transformer cases, automotivedistributor caps, insulators, potentiometers• Miscellaneous – Tubing, ducting, radomes, junction boxes,aircraft and missile parts22The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Diallyl PhthalateDAP courtesy of Rogers CorporationRX3-1-525F-p-M Black courtesy of Byncolit N.A. 11 rmsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV SiliconeGRADE RX3-1-525FShort Glass FiberReinforced FlameRetardant Black Coloring,18 rms>1950 >1950 >1700 >1700 >1700 >2550 >13.5 >13.5 >11.7 >11.7 >11.7 >17.6 >3150 >3150 >2350 >2350 >2900 >2900 >21.7 >21.7 >16.2 >16.2 >20.0 >20.0 1501.03002.11501.05503.81000.710507.2>2700 >2700 >3000 >3000 >2750 >2750 >18.6 >18.6 >20.7 >20.7 >19.0 >19.0 3502.43502.42001.4>2500>17.24503.17505.26004.14503.113009.05003.511507.96504.55003.54002.81000.71000.79506.69506.64002.82001.4GRADE RX3-1-525FROUGHENED28 rms14009.73502.4GRADE RX1310Short glass FiberReinforced, GreenColoring, 16 rms6504.54503.1GRADE RX1310ROUGHENED27 rms215014.8145010.0GRADE RX1-510NMineral Filled BlueColoring, 14 rms5003.53002.1GRADE RX1-510NROUGHENED24 rms230015.9170011.7Adhesive PerformanceThe five cyanoacrylates tested, namely Loctite ® 401 Prism ® , 4011 and 414 Super Bonder ® , and380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesives, and Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive createdbonds which were stronger than the three grades of DAP evaluated. Most of the other adhesivesevaluated showed fair to excellent bond strengths on DAP. There were not statistically significantdifferences between the bondability of the three grades of DAP evaluated.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,significantly lowered the bond strengths achieved on DAP. Surface roughening caused a statisticallysignificant increase in bond strength when using Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive and Loctite ®3105 and 3311 Light Cure Adhesives. The effect of surface roughening on the bond strengthsachieved by cyanoacrylate adhesives could not be determined because both roughened andunroughened DAP bonded with cyanoacrylates resulted in substrate failure.Other Important Information• Allylic esters are compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives,sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimensexceeded the strength of the material resulting insubstrate failure before the actual bond strengthachieved by the adhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decreasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 23

Cellulose Acetate Propionate (CAP)ThermoplasticTrade Names• TeniteManufacturerEastman Chemical ProductsGeneral DescriptionCellulose is a naturally occurring polymer derived from wood pulp andcotton which is chemically modified to form a cellulosic plastic. The threemajor families of cellulose are ethyl cellulose, cellulose nitrate, andcellulose esters. The four most commonly used cellulose esters arecellulose acetate (CA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose acetatepropionate (CAP), and cellulose triacetate. Cellulose acetate propionate,one of the most commonly used cellulosic polymers, is manufactured byreacting cellulose with propionic acid and propionic anhydride. Cellulosicsare tough, abrasion resistant plastics that have found use in a variety ofapplications such as films, dice, and eyeglasses. Specialty gradesavailable include plasticized, UV stabilized, flame retardant, and colored.In 2004, the price of CAP ranged approximately from $1.75 to $2.00 perpound at truckload quantities.Typical Properties of Cellulose Acetate Propionate (CAP)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 446°F to 464°F 230°C to 240°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.006 in./in. 0.002 to 0.006 cm/cmMelting Point 300°F to 400°F 149°C to 204°CDensity 74.9 to 81.2 lb./ft. 3 1.20 to 1.30 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 3.6 to 6.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.5 to 4.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 4.5 to 7.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 5.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 34.0 to 50.0% 34.0 to 50.0%Tensile Modulus – –Flexural Strength, Yield 4.4 to 8.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.1 to 5.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.9 to 3.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.3 to 2.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4SIGeneral PropertiesThe main benefits offered by cellulosics are clarity, toughness at lowtemperatures, abrasion resistance, glossy appearance, resistance tostress cracking, and good electrical insulating properties. Other benefitsof cellulosics include a warm, pleasant feel to the touch (due to their lowthermal conductivity and specific heat), the availability of formulationswhich can be used in contact with food, and the ability to be processedby most thermoplastic methods. Generally, plasticizers are added tolower the melt temperature and modify the physical properties. Asplasticizer is added, the hardness, stiffness and tensile strengthdecrease, while the impact strength increases. The solvent resistance ofcellulosics varies with type. In general, they are resistant to attack byaliphatic hydrocarbons, bleach, ethylene glycol, salt solutions, andvegetable and mineral oils. However, cellulosics are known to beattacked by alkaline materials and fungus. Cellulosics are further limitedby their flammability, low continuous use temperatures, and poorresistance to weathering, although UV resistant grades are available.Compressive Strength 4.4 to 8.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.1 to 5.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 1.2 to 8.3 ft.-lb./in. 6.5 to 44.8 kg cm/cmHardness R75 - R130 Rockwell R75 - R130 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.73 to 1.74 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.246 to 0.251 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature– –120°F to 200°F 49°C to 93°C140°F to 230°F 60°C to 110°C– –Dielectric Strength – –Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.5 to 3.6 3.5 to 3.60.020 to 0.030 0.020 to 0.0301.3 to 2.4% 1.3 to 2.4%Typical Applications• Films – Photographic film, audio tape, visual aids,greeting cards, photo albums• Miscellaneous – Lacquer and cement base, explosives, fashionaccessories, flashlight cases, fire extinguisher components, toys,tool handles, electrical appliance housings, eyeglass framesand lenses, lighting fixtures, brush handles24The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Cellulose Acetate PropionateUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED19 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.15% Irganox 1010UV STABILIZER0.2% Chimasorb 994FLAME RETARDANT17% Reofos 35PLASTICIZER9% Benzoflex 988LUBRICANT0.1% Zinc StearateFILLER #117% 497 FiberglassFILLER #217% Omyacarb F CzCO3COLORANT1% GreenANTISTATIC1.5% Markstat AL-12Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened4002.84002.84002.84002.82501.72501.72501.74002.86504.54002.8170011.7Tenite 3754000012 produced byEastman Performance ProductsLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic195013.5215014.8155010.712008.3195013.5155010.7155010.79006.2195013.5215014.8155010.77004.8>2450 1350>16.9 9.3200013.8200013.85503.810006.99006.26504.510507.212008.311507.96504.5195013.5215014.87505.23502.4195013.5>1950 † 1950>13.5 † 13.5>2200 >2150 2150>15.2 >14.8 14.8155010.76504.5155010.712008.3155010.78505.9>2200 >15.2 180012.4>2450 >16.9 4002.8Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive185012.8185012.8185012.8185012.813009.0150010.3185012.8>1900 † >1600 † 1850>13.1 † >11.0 † 12.8>2250 >15.5 Tenite 375E4000012 produced by Eastman Performance Products courtesy of Albis Plastics 2 rmsLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone>1950 >13.4 190013.15503.86004.1>2000 >13.8 11007.64002.810507.2155010.7NOTTESTED>3050 >21.0 2501.7500.31501.0195013.510006.97004.82001.4Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High PerformanceEpoxy all created bonds that were stronger than the standard grade of CAP tested. Loctite ® 401 Prism ®and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® and 3105 Light Cure Adhesives,and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive typically achieved the next highest bond strengths on CAP.Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive, Loctite ® E-00CL , E-30CL and and E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesivesand Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive performed exceptionally as well.Surface TreatmentsLoctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, when used in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, had no overall statisticallysignificant effect on the formulations of CAP which were evaluated. However, it did cause a statisticallysignificant decrease in bond strengths achieved on the UV stabilized and antistatic formulations, and astatistically significant increase for the glass and calcium carbonate filled formulations. Surfaceroughening caused either no effect or a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of CAP.Other Important Information• Cellulosics can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives,so any excess adhesive should be removed from the surface immediately.• Cellulosics are compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators before theadhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.† Due to the severe deformation of the block shearspecimens, testing was stopped before the actual bondstrength achieved by the adhesive could be determined(the adhesive bond never failed).NOT TESTED: Substrate melted at adhesivecure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 25

EpoxyThermosetTrade Names• Araldite• Conapoxy• Eccogel• Eccoseal• Epolite• EPON• Epoxylite• Lytex• Maraglas• Paraplast• Loctite ® Fixmaster ® Poxy Pak • Quatrex• Ren• Scotchply• Stycast• TactixManufacturerCiba-Geigy Corp.Conap, Inc.Emerson & CumingEmerson & CumingHexcel Corp.Shell Chemical Co.Epoxylite Corp.Premix, Inc.AcmeHexcel Corp.Henkel CorporationDow ChemicalCiba-Geigy Corp.3M Industrial ChemicalsEmerson & CumingDow ChemicalGeneral DescriptionEpoxies are polymers that have epoxide groups, or oxirane rings, intheir molecular structure. They are usually nonmelting thermosettingmaterials, but linear, high molecular weight thermoplastic epoxies arealso available. Thermoset epoxies are usually supplied as one-partfrozen premixes or two-part systems. Room temperature curingformulations are available, but heat curing epoxies typically haveshorter cure cycles and superior physical properties. Epoxies may utilizemany different curing agents including aromatic amines, anhydrides,carboxylic acids, phenol novolacs, and amino resins. The large numberof variations possible in the chemical structure and cure mechanism ofepoxies, coupled with their ability to be compounded with a widevariety of additives and fillers, has lead to epoxies’ use in a vast varietyof applications. Epoxies find use as adhesives, coatings, and bindingresins in composite structures. Specialty grades available include, butare not limited to, electrically conductive, thermally conductive, fiberreinforced, wear resistant, and machinable grades. In 2004, the price ofepoxies ranged approximately from $1.00 to $25.00 per pound attruckload quantities.General PropertiesDue to the vast array of fillers and different types of epoxy resins, theproperties of epoxies vary substantially. Epoxies are generally verystrong, heat, chemical and and abrasion resistant plastics. Glass fiberreinforced epoxy resins provide excellent strength-to-weight ratios andare used in many high technology applications. Many retain excellentelectrical properties in extreme conditions and are used in heavyelectrical applications that require long-term outdoor exposure. Theexcellent abrasion and chemical resistance of epoxy resins has led totheir widespread use as flooring, coatings for pipes, and componentsfor chemical scrubbers, as well as in marine applications.Typical Properties of EpoxyAmerican EngineeringProcessing Temperature 125°F to 250°F 52°C to 121°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.015 in./in. 0.001 to 0.015 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 43.7 to 139.2 lb./ft. 3 0.70 to 2.23 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 5.8 to 10.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.1 to 7.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.1 to 12.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 8.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.1 to 8.5% 1.1 to 8.5%Tensile Modulus 2.0 to 8.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.4 to 5.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 4.0 to 25.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.8 to 17.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.4 to 8.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.0 to 5.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.8 to 37.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.8 to 26.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to No Break ft-lb./in. 1.6 to No Break kg cm/cmHardness D60 - D96 Rockwell D60 - D96 RockwellThermal Conductivity 0.1 to 4.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.014 to 0.663 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.2 to 11.1 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.2 to 20.0 cm/cm-°C x10 -5248°F to 540°F 100°C to 282°CEpoxies are also well-known for their adhesive abilities, whichaccounts for much of their use. Most epoxies are resistant to a widevariety of chemicals, including hydrocarbons, esters, bases, and salts.However, epoxies can be attacked by phenols, ketones, ethers, andconcentrated acids.Typical Applications• Coatings – Marine coatings, chemical scrubbers, pipes• Electronic – Encapsulation and casting of transistors, integratedcircuits, switches, coils, insulators, bushings• Miscellaneous – Adhesives, solder masks, rocket motor casings,pressure vessels, flooring, highway pavingSI– –200°F to 400°F 93°C to 204°CDielectric Strength 300 to 525 V/10 -3 in. 1.2 to 2.1 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.7 to 4.7 2.7 to 4.70.001 to 0.100 0.001 to 0.1000.10 to 0.70% 0.10 to 0.70%26The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)EpoxyG-10 EPOXYGLASSMfg. by WestinghouseCorporation21 rmsG-10 ROUGHENED33 rmsLOCTITE ® FIXMASTER ®POXY PAK 92 rmsLOCTITE ® FIXMASTER ®POXY PAK ROUGHENED167 rmsLOCTITE ® FIXMASTER ®FAST CURE EPOXY116 rmsLOCTITE ® FIXMASTER ®FAST CURE EPOXYROUGHENED134 rmsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened320022.1320022.1210014.5375025.9160011.0>1850 >12.8 Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive335023.1215014.8>3200 >3200 1500>22.1 >22.1 10.3>1900 >13.1 Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer2501.7150010.3285019.7>2650 2100>18.3 14.5>1700 >11.7 Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose360024.8180012.4265018.3>3750 2750>25.9 19.0>1900 >13.1 Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic10006.9170011.710006.9>1600 1350>11.0 9.3>1200 >8.3 Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive150010.3150010.3155010.7155010.712508.6>2050 >14.1 Surlyn courtesy of E.I. DuPontLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass Bonder7505.2>3050 >21.0 170011.77505.2175012.110006.99506.6>3600 >24.8 Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ® E-30CL and E-30CL Hysol ® EpoxyAdhesives all achieved bond strengths that were stronger than the grade of epoxy tested. The fourother cyanoacrylate adhesives evaluated, namely Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® , 401 Prism ® , and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives achieved the highest bond strengths on the various types ofepoxies tested.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening usually caused either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bondstrengths achieved on epoxy. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,caused a significant decrease in the bond strengths achieved for most of the epoxies evaluated.Other Important Information• Epoxy is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.Loctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast Setting560038.6• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength11507.9Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy240016.6Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based2501.7Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1501.0Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone270018.6155010.711507.92001.4NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substratefailure before the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decreasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 27

Fluoropolymers (PTFE, FEP, PFA, ETFE)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• AlgoflonAusimont USA, Inc.• ChemfluorNorton Performance• FluonICA Americas Inc.• HostaflonHoeschst Celanese• TeflonE.I. DuPontTypical Properties of PolytetrafluoroethyleneAmerican EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature – –Linear Mold Shrinkage 0.030 to 0.130 in./in. 0.030 to 0.130 cm/cmMelting Point 620°F to 710°F 327°C to 377°CGeneral DescriptionPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a highly crystallinethermoplastic which is produced by free radical polymerization oftetrafluoroethylene. The resulting polymer has a linear molecularstructure of repeating -CF2-CF2- units. Due to PTFE’s excellentchemical resistance, high melting point, low coefficient of friction,and outstanding resistance to flammability, it is usually used inapplications which require long-term performance in extremeservice environments. Specialty grades available include glass,glass/molysulfide, mica, carbon black, graphite, bronze, and ceramicfilled grades. In 2004, the price of PTFE ranged approximately from$9.00 to $30.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesAlthough PTFE’s tensile strength, wear resistance, and creep resistanceare low in comparison to other engineering thermoplastics, it hasexcellent impact strength, a coefficient of friction which is lower thanalmost any other material, a high oxygen index, and it will not supportcombustion. In addition, PTFE has useful mechanical properties attemperatures ranging from -328°F to 500°F (-200°C to 260°C). It hasexceptional chemical resistance to most organic compounds includingsolvents, strong acids, and strong bases. PTFE is an outstandingelectrical insulator, and it has a low dielectric constant and loss factorwhich are both stable over a wide range of temperatures andfrequencies. It has an extremely high melt viscosity, so it cannot beprocessed by conventional melt extrusion or molding techniques.Methods for processing the resin are similar to those used with somemetals and ceramics, such as compression of the powdered resinfollowed by high temperature sintering. Other fluorinated polymers,such as fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoroalkoxyethylene(PFA), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), and ethylenetetrafluoroethylenecopolymer (ETFE), have properties very similar toPTFE, but they can be processed by the usual thermoplastic methods.Density 112.4 to 150.5 lb./ft. 3 1.80 to 2.41 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 3.2 to 3.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.2 to 2.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.0 to 6.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.7 to 4.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 2.0 to 650.0% 2.0 to 650.0%Tensile Modulus 0.4 to 2.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.3 to 1.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 0.9 to 4.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.6 to 3.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 0.9 to 2.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.6 to 1.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 1.3 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.9 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 3.0 to 4.1 ft.-lb./in. 16.2 to 22.1 kg cm/cmHardness D55 - D75 Rockwell D55 - D75 RockwellThermal Conductivity 0.7 to 6.4 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.10 to 0.92 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.0 to 10.3 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.8 to 18.5 cm/cm-°C x10 -5130°F to 512°F 54°C to 267°C150°F to 550°F 66°C to 288°C475°F to 500°F 246°C to 260°CDielectric Strength 600 to 900 V/10 -3 in. 2.4 to 3.5 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.1 to 2.4 2.1 to 2.40.0001 to 0.0030 0.0001 to 0.00300.01 to 0.10% 0.01 to 0.10%Typical Applications• Electrical – High-temperature, high-performance wire and cableinsulation, sockets, pins, connectors• Mechanical – Bushings, rider rings, seals,bearing pads, valve seats• Nonstick – Home cookware, tools,food processing equipment coatings• Miscellaneous – Conveyor parts, packaging, flame-retardantlaminates, chemical processing equipment28The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolytetrafluoroethyleneUNFILLED RESIN88 rmsROUGHENED349 rmsPTFE TREATED WITHACTON FLUORO ETCHPTFE TREATED WITHGORE TETRA ETCHETHYLENETETRAFLUOROETHYLENECOPOLYMER (ETFE)FLUORINATEDETHYLENE-PROPYLENE(FEP)POLYPERFLUORO-ALKOXYETHYLENE(PFA)Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened2001.42001.49506.613509.3500.3

IonomerThermoplasticTrade Names• Formion• SurlynManufacturerA. SchulmanDuPontTypical Properties of IonomerAmerican EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 450°F to 500°F 232°C to 260°CGeneral DescriptionIonomers are copolymers of ethylene and meth(acrylic) acid whosephysical structure is distinguished by interchain ionic bonding. Thisbonding takes place between metal cations, such as zinc, sodium, andlithium, and an anion, such as the carboxylate group. Due to thedissociation of the interchain ionic bonding at high temperatures,ionomers can be processed using standard thermoplastic methods.Fillers are not typically used with ionomers, however glass fiber filledgrades are available. In 2004 dollars, the price of ionomers rangedapproximately from $1.27 to $2.25 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesProperties of the ionomer resins vary with the amount and type ofmetal cation and the proportion of comonomer. Ionomers containingthe zinc cation have better flow, impact strength, tear strength, paintadhesion and lower moisture absorption. Those containing the sodiumcation offer lower haze and improved stress crack resistance, whilethe addition of the lithium cation increases the modulus. The goodthermal stability, outstanding chemical resistance, and low moisturevapor transmission of ionomers result from their polyolefin-likestructure. However, the interchain ionic crosslinking contributesexcellent abrasion, puncture, and impact resistance, as well as lowtemperature toughness. Moreover, most ionomers have good opticalclarity, and the less crystalline grades have superior clarity. Mostcommercial grades of ionomers comply with FDA regulations for foodcontact and food packaging which leads to their widespread use inthis industry as a film. Ionomers weather poorly, consequently UVabsorbers and stabilizers must be used in applications requiringresistance to weathering. Solvent resistance varies with the level ofmetal cation, but most ionomers are insoluble in common organicsolvents at room temperature and resistant to mild acids and bases.Linear Mold Shrinkage 0.003 to 0.006 in./in. 0.003 to 0.006 cm/cmMelting Point 175°F to 205°F 79°C to 96°CDensity 58.7 to 62.4 lb./ft. 3 .94 to 1.00 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.3 to 5.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.9 to 4.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 2.4 to 5.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.7 to 3.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 150 to 520% 150 to 520%Tensile Modulus 0.1 to 0.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.1 to 0.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield – –Flexural Modulus 0.1 to 2.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.1 to 1.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength – –Izod Notched, R.T. 7.0 to No Break ft.-lb./in. 38.7 to No Break kg cm/cmHardness R50 - R68 Rockwell R50 - R68 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.6 to 2.1 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.23 to 0.30 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature6.1 to 13.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 11.0 to 23.4 cm/cm-°C x10 -585°F to 115°F 29°C to 46°C100°F to 180°F 38°C to 82°C93°F to 118°F 34°C to 48°CDielectric Strength 400 to 450 V/10 -3 in. 1.6 to 1.8 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.– –0.002 to 0.003 0.002 to 0.0030.01% 0.01%Typical Applications• Packaging – Vacuum packaging of meat, tear-open packagesfor food and pharmaceutical products, heavy gauge film forelectronic products• Sporting goods – Golf balls, bowling pins, ice skates,ski boots, wrestling mats• Automotive parts – Bumper guards, exterior trim• Miscellaneous – Foam to make buoys, thin filmsfor bulletproof glass30The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)IonomerGRADE 79404 rms7940 ROUGHENED68 rmsGRADE 89404 rms8940 ROUGHENED68rmsGRADE 99504 rmsSurlym courtesy of E.I. DuPont7940 ROUGHENED68 rmsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone2001.4>1200 †>8.3 † 2001.4>1200 †>8.3 † 500.38005.5>1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 †>8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 †>1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 †>8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 †>1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 †>8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 †4503.14503.13502.43502.43502.43502.4>1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 † >1200 †>8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 † >8.3 †2501.713509.31000.71000.7165011.4175012.1170011.7150010.410507.2NOTTESTED8005.52501.71501.02001.46504.512508.66504.52001.4Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives and Loctite ® 3105 Light CureAdhesive all created bonds which were stronger than the ionomer substrate. Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ®Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® E-00CL and E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, and Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive all achieved bond strengths comparable to the adhesives that achieved substratefailure. Loctite ® H3000 and H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesives both achieved the lowest bondstrengths. There was no statistically significant difference between the bondability of the three grades ofSurlyn evaluated, with the exception of the low bond strengths achieved by Loctite ® 380 Black Max ®Instant Adhesive on Surlyn 9950.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused a large, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved byLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive, but had no statistically significant effect with Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive. The effect of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer or Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, andsurface roughening with Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® , 4011 Prism ® Medical Device and 414 Super BonderInstant Adhesives or Loctite ® 3105 and 3311 Light Cure Adhesives could not be determined becausewith all the treated and untreated ionomer, the bonds created were stronger than the ionomer substrate.Other Important Information• Ionomers can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives, so any excessadhesive should be removed from the surface immediately.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES:† Due to the severe deformation of the block shearspecimens, testing was stopped before the actual bondstrength achieved by the adhesive could be determined(the adhesive bond never failed).NOT TESTED: Substrate melted at adhesivecure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 31

Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Granlar• HX Series• Vectra• XydarManufacturerGranmont Inc.E.I. DuPontHoescht CelaneseAmoco Performance ProductsGeneral DescriptionLiquid crystal polymers (LCP), properly called wholly aromaticcopolyesters, can be based on terephthalic acid, p,p-dihydroxybiphenyl,and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The compounds react to form tightlypacked, rigid polymer chains consisting of long, flat monomeric units.LCP’s resistance to weathering, radiation, burning, and almost allchemicals, as well as its outstanding strength at extreme temperatures,makes it a suitable replacement for most other engineering materials,including metals and ceramics. Specialty grades available include glass,carbon, and mineral filled, as well as wear resistant, colored, andalloyed. In 2004, the price of LCP ranged approximately from $8.00 to$12.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesLCP has outstanding mechanical properties at both ambient andextreme temperatures. For example, LCP can have a tensile modulusas high as 1.20x10 6 psi (8.4x10 4 kg/cm 2 ) at 575°F (308°C), whichexceeds that of most other engineering thermoplastics at roomtemperature. Grades of LCP have tensile strengths in excess of20,000 psi (1400 kg/cm 2 ), a compressive strength of more than 6,000psi (422 kg/cm 2 ), and its mechanical properties improve at subzerotemperatures. LCP is resistant to virtually all chemicals, includingacids, organic hydrocarbons, and boiling water. It is attacked byconcentrated, boiling caustics but is unaffected by milder solutions.LCP is also unaffected by ionizing and Cobalt 60 radiation up to 10billion rads, it withstands high levels of UV radiation, and istransparent to microwaves. It is an electrical insulator with good arcresistance, is UL rated for continuous electrical service at 464°F(240°C), and can be used for applications with intermittenttemperatures up to 600°F (316°C). LCP is inherently flame resistant,rated UL94 V-0, and will not sustain combustion. It has remarkablethermal oxidative stability with a decomposition temperature ofgreater than 1000°F (550°C) in air.Typical Properties of Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 500°F to 700°F 260°C to 371°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.002 in./in. 0.001 to 0.002 cm/cmMelting Point 530°F to 670°F 277°C to 354°CDensity 93.0 to 111.7 lb./ft. 3 1.49 to 1.79 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 21.5 to 30.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 15.1 to 21.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 9.0 to 30.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 6.3 to 21.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 3.0% 1.0 to 3.0%Tensile Modulus 14.6 to 32.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 10.3 to 22.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 13.7 to 27.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 9.6 to 26.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 13.9 to 23.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 9.8 to 16.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.5 to 11.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.6 to 8.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.7 to 3.1 ft.-lb./in. 3.8 to 16.7 kg cm/cmHardness R95 - R110 Rockwell R95 - R110 RockwellThermal Conductivity 0.9 to 3.1 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.13 to 0.45 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.1 to 1.5 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 0.2 to 2.7 cm/cm-°C x10 -5350°F to 660°F 170°C to 349°CTypical Applications• Electrical – Stator insulation, rotors, boards for motors,burn-in sockets, interface connectors• Heavy Industry – Chemical process and oil field equipmentSI– –– –Dielectric Strength 550 to 900 V/10 -3 in 2.2 to 3.5 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.1 to 4.3 3.1 to 4.30.020 to 0.030 0.020 to 0.0300.01 to 0.10% 0.01 to 0.10%32The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP)G-54040% Glass Reinforced58 rmsG-540 ROUGHENED63 rmsG-593030% Glass Reinforced106 rmsG-930 ROUGHENED113 rmsXydar courtesy of Amoco Performance ProductsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive5003.53002.14002.83502.44503.16504.510507.211007.610507.211007.611507.96504.53502.43002.15003.53502.45003.55003.512008.3145010.0155010.712508.69006.25003.5Loctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low Odor1501.07505.25003.55503.84503.16004.1Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® E-30CL , E-20HP and E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® HighPerformance Epoxy all achieved good bond strength on the unfilled LCP resin. All other adhesivesachieved moderate to poor bond strengths on LCP.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused a large, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved onLCP for all the adhesives evaluated, except Loctite ® 3105 and 3311 Light Cure Adhesives, for whichsurface roughening had no statistically significant effect. Although the process of surface roughening didnot result in a significant increase in the surface roughness of the LCP, it removed a surface layer, whichVectra L140D-2 produced by Ticona 111 rmsLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based5503.810006.99006.2210014.510507.21000.7resulted in higher bond strengths. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ®401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ®7701 Prism ® Primer, resulted in no statistically significant change in the bondability of LCP.Other Important Information• LCP is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin1501.0Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1000.7Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Urethane3502.4Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone7505.24503.11501.0NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surface roughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 33

PhenolicThermosetTrade Names• Durez• Fiberite FM• Plaslok• Plenco• Polychem• Pyrotex• Rogers RX• TecoliteManufacturerOccidental ChemicalICI/FiberitePlaslok CorporationPlastics Engineering Co.Budd CompanyRaymark Friction Co.Rogers CorporationToshiba Chemical ProductsTypical Properties of PhenolicAmerican EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 230°F to 350°F 110°C to 177°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.009 in./in. 0.002 to 0.009 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 83.7 to 99.9 lb./ft. 3 1.34 to 1.60 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 6.0 to 8.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 5.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2General DescriptionPhenolic resins are usually produced by reacting phenol andformaldehyde. The resins are then subsequently heat cured to form thehighly crystalline, thermosetting phenolic polymer. Due to phenolics’thermoset structure, and high crosslink density, they have outstandingrigidity, dimensional stability, chemical resistance, and thermal stability.The major limitation to using phenolics is that they are difficult toprocess, requiring heat cure cycles under pressure. In addition,phenolics are only available in dark colors because of the oxidativediscoloration which takes place during polymerization. Insulatingadhesives, molded items, and the bonding agents used in plywood andwaferboard are just some of phenolic’s many applications. Specialtygrades available include cotton, rope, glass, and mineral filled grades,as well as heat resistant and electric grades. In 2004, the price ofphenolic ranged approximately from $0.75 to $2.25 per pound attruckload quantities.General PropertiesPhenolics have moderate strength compared to other plastics, buthave higher hardness and greater rigidity than most thermoplasticsand many thermosets. Some grades of phenolic are comparable tomuch more expensive engineering resins, with continuous servicetemperatures in excess of 400°F (204°C). In addition, the excellentelectrical properties of phenolic are maintained at these elevatedtemperatures. Phenolics have outstanding creep resistance, very lowmold shrinkage, and they change size only slightly with changes intemperature. Typical of a thermoset plastic, the chemical resistance ofphenolics is excellent. Phenolics are resistant to hydrocarbons,phenols, and ethers, however, are severely attacked by acids andbases. Many grades have excellent flame resistance, and receive UL94 ratings of HB and V-0.Tensile Strength, Break 5.0 to 9.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.5 to 6.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 0.1 to 1.0% 0.1 to 1.0%Tensile Modulus 10.0 to 16.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 7.0 to 11.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 6.5 to 15.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.6 to 10.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 8.0 to 17.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 5.6 to 12.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 23.5 to 34.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 16.5 to 23.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 0.7 ft.-lb./in. 1.4 to 3.8 kg cm/cmHardness M50 - M120 Rockwell M50 - M120 RockwellThermal Conductivity 3.0 to 10.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.43 to 1.47 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.5 to 3.4 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.7 to 6.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5250°F to 500°F 121°C to 260°C– –350°F to 450°F 177°C to 232°CDielectric Strength 200 to 400 V/10 -3 in 0.8 to 1.6 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.4.4 to 9.2 4.4 to 9.20.030 to 0.070 0.030 to 0.0700.03 to 0.8% 0.03 to 0.8%Typical Applications• Appliances – Handles, knobs, bases, end panels• Automotive – Brake components, electric motors, rotors, fuseblocks, coil towers, solenoid covers and housings, ignition parts• Electrical – Terminal switches and blocks, plugs, receptacles,circuit breakers, light sockets, control housings, high performanceconnectors and coil bobbins• Miscellaneous – Adhesives, commutators, timers, pulleys,cookware handles34The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PhenolicGENERAL PURPOSE25000118 – Cellulose,Wood Flour, Zinc Stearateand Calcium Stearate filledwith Black Pigment25000118ROUGHENEDGLASS FILLED 32245Mineral Filled in Addition toGeneral Purpose IngredientsHEAT RESISTANT152118Mineral Filled in Addition toGeneral Purpose IngredientsELECTRIC GRADE156122Glass, Mineral Filled inAddition to GeneralPurpose IngredientsPLENCO 04300Mineral Filled, HeatResistant courtesy ofPlastics Engineering Co.Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened160011.0160011.0150010.3>1750 >1650 >1900 >12.1 >11.4 >13.1 Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive6004.16004.14503.1180012.44002.8>1750 >12.1 Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer1501.01501.01501.01000.71501.0500.3Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose4002.84002.82501.7180012.44002.8>2300 >15.9 Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic9006.29006.28505.95003.56004.1>1800 >12.4 Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive11007.6145010.06004.112508.610507.27505.2Durez courtesy of Occidental Chemical CorporationLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based2001.410006.913009.09006.2190013.111007.6255017.6>4150 >28.6 320022.15503.8>2900 >20.0 2001.4Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy bothachieved bond strengths that were higher than the grade unfilled phenolic tested. Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive, Loctite ® 3105 and 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesives, Loctite ®H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Loctite ® E-00CL , E-90FL and E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive all achievedthe highest bond that did not result in substrate failure. Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ® InstantAdhesive, Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive, Loctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive,Loctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, and Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesivetypically achieved lower, but still significant bond strengths.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,caused a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of the various grades of phenolic whichwere evaluated. Surface roughening caused a statistically significant increase in the bond strengthsachieved on phenolics when using Loctite ® 3105 and 3311 Light Cure Adhesives, but had nosignificant effect when using any of the other adhesives.Other Important Information• Phenolic is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1501.0Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone170011.79506.61501.02501.7NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimensexceeded the strength of the material resulting insubstrate failure before the actual bond strengthachieved by the adhesive could be determined.NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 35

PolyamideThermoplasticTrade Names• Adell• Akulon• Amilan• Ashlene• Capron• Celstran• Minlon• Nybex• PA• Rilsan• Ultramid• Vestamid• Vydyne• ZytelManufacturerAdell Plastics, Inc.DSM EngineeringToray IndustriesAshley PolymersAllied-Signal CorporationHoescht CelaneseE.I. DuPontFerro CorporationBay ResinsAtochem N.A.BASFHuls AmericaMonsanto ChemicalE.I. DuPontGeneral DescriptionPolyamide, commonly called nylon, is a semi-crystalline thermoplasticwhich is composed of linear aliphatic segments that are connected byamide linkages. Polyamide can be produced either by the polymerizationof a lactam and an amino acid or a dibasic acid and a diamine. The widevariety of routes by which nylon can be produced, make it possible totailor the backbone to meet specific needs. The various types of nylonare identified by number designations which represent the number ofcarbon atoms in each of the starting materials. For example, nylon 6/6 ismade from the 6-carbon hexamethylenediamine and a 6-carbon adipicacid. Specialty grades available include lubricated, plasticized, flameretardant, and glass filled. In 2004, the price of nylon 6 rangedapproximately from $2.60 to $16.50 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesAll nylons absorb moisture from the atmosphere, and the water thatenters their structure causes dimensional changes and acts as aplasticizer. These factors must be taken into account when designinga critical part constructed of polyamide. The plastic is inexpensive andhas excellent tensile strength which are reasons for its widespreaduse as a fiber. Unfilled polyamide is biologically inert, and mostgrades have been cleared for food contact use by the FDA. Nylons areresistant to many chemicals, including ketones, fully halogenatedhydrocarbons, esters, fuels, and brake fluids. Polar solvents tend to beabsorbed much like water and strong acids; oxidizing agents andsome concentrated salts will attack them. Gradual oxidation occurs inpolyamide at elevated temperatures, but short-term exposures canexceed 400°F (200°C). Some heat-stabilized grades have been ratedup to 265°F (130°C) for electrical applications, but mechanicalapplication ratings are lower.Typical Properties of PolyamideAmerican EngineeringProcessing Temperature 425°F to 545°F 218°C to 285°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.007 to 0.018 in./in. 0.007 to 0.018 cm/cmMelting Point 420°F to 430°F 216°C to 221°CDensity 68.7 to 73.0 lb./ft. 3 1.10 to 1.17 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 5.0 to 15.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.5 to 10.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 7.4 to 12.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.2 to 8.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 10 to 300% 10 to 300%Tensile Modulus 1.0 to 5.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.7 to 3.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 9.5 to 19.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 6.7 to 13.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.2 to 4.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.8 to 3.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 1.2 to 14.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 10.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.5 to 2.5 ft.-lb./in. 2.7 to 13.5 kg cm/cmHardness R70 - R120 Rockwell R70 - R120 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.2 to 2.0 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.17 to 0.29 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature3.9 to 6.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 7.0 to 10.8 cm/cm-°C x10 -5Typical Applications• Automotive – Electrical connectors, wire jackets, emissioncanisters, light duty gears, fan blades, brake fluid and powersteering reservoirs, valve covers, steering column housings,emission control valves, mirror housings• Electronic – Cable ties, plugs, connectors, coil forms, terminals• Consumer goods – Ski boots, ice skate supports,racquetball racquets, ballpoint pens• Miscellaneous – Oven cooking bags, gun stocks,air conditioner hoses, brush bristles, sutures, fishing line,mallet heads, combs, furniture partsSI110°F to 410°F 43°C to 210°C250°F to 420°F 121°C to 216°C175°F to 240°F 79°C to 116°CDielectric Strength 300 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.2 to 2.2 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.1 to 4.1 3.1 to 4.13.1 to 4.1 3.1 to 4.10.25 to 3.0% 0.25 to 3.0%36The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyamideUNFILLED RESIN11 rmsROUGHENED15 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.35% Irganox B1171UV STABILIZER0.63% Chimasorb 944IMPACT MODIFIER5% EXL 3607FLAME RETARDANT18% PO-64P44% Antimony OxideLUBRICANT #10.5% Aluminum StearateLUBRICANT #20.5% Mold Wiz INT-33PAGLASS FILLER30% Type 3450Glass FiberTALC FILLER30% Mistron CB TalcPLASTICIZER4% Ketjen-Flex 8450ANTISTATIC5% Larostat HTS 906Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened245016.9245016.9245016.9245016.9>2200 1700>15.2 11.7145010.0245016.9245016.9245016.9330022.8245016.9Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive450031.0450031.0450031.0450031.0>4500 4500>31.0 31.0450031.0>4500 >4700 2200>31.0 >32.4 15.2>4550 >3100 >31.4 >21.4 Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer160011.0160011.02501.7160011.0>1650 1600>11.4 11.03502.45503.81501.0210014.56504.53502.4Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose410028.3410028.3410028.3410028.3>4300 4100>29.7 28.3460031.7>3750 >4450 2750>25.9 >30.7 19.0>4450 >4100 >30.7 >28.3 Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic4503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.14503.1Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive14009.714009.714009.714009.714009.714009.714009.710507.214009.714009.714009.714009.7Nylon 6-Capron 8202 produced by Allied-SignalLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength2001.4>1150 >7.9 9506.64002.85503.84002.86004.18005.56004.16504.1Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives achieved the highest bond strengths,typically in excess of 4000 psi. Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive, a rubber toughened adhesive,achieved the second highest bond strengths, followed by Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive. Loctite ®4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive also achieved a bond strength that resulted in substrate failure.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber Repair and Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive achieved the lowestoverall bond strength. All other adhesives tested generally achieved good bond strength.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved when usingLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive, but it did not have any statistically significantly effect with any of theother adhesives. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,caused either no effect, or a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of nylon 6, on all of theformulations which were evaluated.Other Important Information• Polyamide is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy5503.8Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based3002.1Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin1000.7Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive2001.4Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone10006.97004.8500.32501.7NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by the adhesivecould be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 37

Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• ArniteDSM Engineering• CelanexHoescht Celanese• MinlonE.I. DuPont• PocanAlbis Corporation• TorayToray Industries• UltradurBASF• ValoxGeneral Electric• VybexFerro CorporationTypical Properties of Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 400°F to 500°F 204°C to 274°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.004 in./in. 0.001 to 0.004 cm/cmMelting Point 430°F to 433°F 221°C to 223°CDensity 62.4 to 81.2 lb./ft. 3 1.00 to 1.30 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.6 to 7.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 5.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2General DescriptionPolybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a crystalline thermoplasticpolyester formed by the catalyzed melt polycondensation of dimethylterephthalate and 1,4-butanediol. The resulting polymer is known forits good mechanical properties, low moisture absorption, and chemicalresistance. Specialty grades available include glass filled, mineralfilled, impact resistant, and flame retardant grades. In 2004, the priceof PBT ranged approximately from $2.60 to $4.00 per pound attruckload quantities.General PropertiesThe most notable properties of PBT are its chemical resistance andmechanical properties. PBT offers good resistance to water, weakacids and bases, ketones, alcohols, glycols, ethers, aliphatic hydrocarbons,and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons at room temperature.At temperatures up to 140°F (60°C), PBT is resistant to transmissionfluid, brake fluid, gasoline, and motor oil. It is not recommended foruse in strong bases at any temperature, or in aqueous mediums attemperatures above 125°F (52°C). PBT has good tensile strength, highdimensional stability, and a lubricity which makes it very resistant towear. It has a relatively low heat deflection temperature, but glassfilled grades can increase this to over 400°F (204°C). Due to theextremely low water absorption of PBT (0.05% to 0.15%), itsdimensional stability and electrical properties are unaffected by highhumidity conditions. It has a volume resistivity independent oftemperature that exceeds 1016 ohm-cm. In medical applications, PBTis suitable for sterilization with ethylene oxide, but does not haveenough heat resistance to be steam sterilized.Tensile Strength, Break 4.0 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.8 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 50.0% 1.0 to 50.0%Tensile Modulus 2.0 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.4 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 6.2 to 20.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.4 to 14.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.5 to 4.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.8 to 3.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.5 to 17.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.6 to 12.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.5 to 12.0 ft.-lb./in. 2.7 to 64.8 kg cm/cmHardness R95 - R125 Rockwell R95 - R125 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.2 to 1.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.17 to 0.23 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.1 to 5.7 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.0 to 10.3 cm/cm-°C x10 -5170°F to 240°F 77°C to 116°C190°F to 245°F 88°C to 118°C130°F to 180°F 54°C to 82°CDielectric Strength 350 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.4 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.1 to 3.4 3.1 to 3.40.019 to 0.030 0.019 to 0.0300.03 to 0.50% 0.03 to 0.50%Typical Applications• Automotive – Brake system parts, distributor caps,fuel injection modules, grille opening panels• Electronics – Connectors, switches, relays, TV tuners,motor housings, fuse cases, light sockets• Medical – Specialty syringes, irrigation and wound drainagesystems, check valves, catheter housings• Miscellaneous – Industrial zippers, power tool housings,hair dryers, calculators, cooker-fryer handles, iron and toasterhousings, food processor blades38The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polybutylene TerephthalateUNFILLED RESINGRADE 3254 rmsGRADE 325ROUGHENED60 rmsGRADE DR5115% Glass ReinforcedGRADE 42030% Glass ReinforcedGRADE 50830% GlassReinforced AlloyGRADE 732E30% Glass/MineralReinforcedGRADE 73540% Glass/MineralReinforcedGRADE 83030% GlassReinforced AlloyGRADE 85015% Glass ReinforcedPBT AlloyValox courtesy of GE PlasticsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone1000.72501.75003.59506.6>3150 1450>21.9 10.02501.71000.72001.43502.43502.43502.46504.511007.65503.55003.57004.85503.8150010.45003.42501.71501.01501.014009.710006.98005.52001.4215014.82001.46004.11000.74002.8420029.04503.11000.72001.42001.43002.14503.1210014.5>4150 3350>28.6 23.15503.81501.06004.1180012.4165011.412508.69506.69006.21501.0>2650 >2600 600>18.3 >17.9 4.12001.44002.8>2900 >2800 >4050 >4400 >20.0 >19.3 >27.9 >30.3 >2200 >2650 350>15.2 >18.3 2.49506.6175012.13502.47505.21501.05503.811007.61501.07004.8Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive used in conjunction with Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, achieved thehighest bond strengths on all the grades of PBT which were evaluated. Typically, Loctite ® 401 Prism ® and414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Loctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® EpoxyAdhesive, Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive, and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesiveachieved the highest bond strengths, followed by Loctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive,Loctite ® E-00CL , E-90FL and E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® HighPerformance Epoxy and Rapid Rubber Repair. Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive and Loctite ®330 Depend ® Adhesive achieved the lowest bond strengths on PBT.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening, plasma treatment, UV-ozone treatment, and the use of Loctite ® 770 or 7701 Prism ®Primers have all proven to cause large, statistically significant increases in the bondability of PBT.Other Important Information• Good solvents for PBT are hexafluoroisopropanol, trifluoroacetic acid, o-chlorophenol,and mixtures of phenol with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons.• PBT is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by the adhesivecould be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 39

Polycarbonate (PC)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Calibre• Karlex• Lexan• Makrolon• Novarex• Panlite• SinvetManufacturerDow ChemicalFerro CorporationGeneral ElectricMiles Inc.Mitsubishi ChemicalTeijin Chem Ltd.Enichem ElastomersGeneral DescriptionIn the polycarbonate resin, carbonate groups are used to link groups ofdihydric or polyhydric phenols. General-purpose polycarbonate isformed by reacting bisphenol A with phosgene, but formulations usingother polyhydric phenols are available. These include specialty resinswhich meet industry codes for flame retardance and smoke density,and resins with increased melt strength for extrusion and blow molding.Polycarbonate is a versatile and popular blend material for polyesterand ABS, and is widely used in the medical device industry as areplacement for glass. Additives and coatings are commonly used andcan greatly improve creep resistance, mold shrinkage, tensile modulus,thermal stability, weatherability, and all strength characteristics ofstandard polycarbonate. In 2004, the price of PC ranged approximatelyfrom $2.00 to $5.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolycarbonate offers a unique combination of outstanding clarity andhigh impact strength. In addition, it is very dimensionally stable andhas low flammability. These characteristics make polycarbonate wellsuited for light transmission applications, such as automotive tail lighthousings. Due to the low levels of monomers and catalysts used inprocessing polycarbonate, it is generally biocompatible and suited foruse in medical applications where device surfaces may come intocontact with blood or other bodily fluids. PC offers a limited resistanceto chemicals and is soluble in many organic solvents. Solvent weldingor adhesively joining parts makes PC prone to stress cracking. Thiscan be overcome by selecting an adhesive with a rapid curemechanism, an adhesive with a low tendency to induce stresscracking, and/or annealing the part prior to adhesive application.Typical Properties of Polycarbonate (PC)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 500°F to 575°F 260°C to 302°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.003 to 0.007 in./in. 0.003 to 0.007 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 70.5 to 80.5 lb./ft. 3 1.13 to 1.29 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 8.4 to 9.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.9 to 6.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 7.4 to 10.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.2 to 7.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 97.0 to 136.0% 97.0 to 136.0%Tensile Modulus 3.1 to 3.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.2 to 2.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 12.4 to 14.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 8.7 to 9.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 3.2 to 3.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.2 to 2.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 9.9 to 11.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.0 to 7.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 11.3 to 17.0 ft.-lb./in. 60.8 to 91.8 kg cm/cmHardness R120 - R125 Rockwell R120 - R125 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.3 to 1.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.19 to 0.23 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature2.9 to 3.9 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.2 to 7.0 cm/cm-°C x10 -5Typical Applications• Packaging – Reusable bottles, frozen foods, large water bottles• Food Service – Beverage pitchers, mugs, food processor bowls,tableware, microwave cookware• Automotive – Lamp housings and lenses, parts,electrical components, instrument panels• Medical – Filter housings, tubing connectors,surgical staplers, eyewear• Miscellaneous – Bulletproofing, computer housings,aircraft interiorsSI200°F to 350°F 98°C to 177°C280°F to 350°F 138°C to 177°C240°F to 275°F 116°C to 135°CDielectric Strength 375 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.5 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.7 to 3.2 2.7 to 3.20.009 to 0.010 0.009 to 0.0100.1 to 0.3% 0.1 to 0.3%40The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolycarbonateUNFILLED RESIN4 rmsROUGHENED18 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.1% Irgafos 1680.1% Irgafos 1076UV STABILIZER0.4% Tinuvin 234FLAME RETARDANT2% BT-931% Antimony OxideIMPACT MODIFIER5% Paraloid EXL3607LUBRICANT0.3% Mold WizINT-33UDKGLASS FILLER23% Type 3090Glass FillerCOLORANT4% CPCO7327Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened7505.2160011.07505.27505.213009.010006.913009.011507.9165011.4Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive385026.6450031.0385026.6385026.6>4100 3850>28.3 26.6385026.6385026.6385026.6Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer200013.8340023.5200013.8200013.8>3800 2000>26.2 13.8200013.86004.15003.5Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose160011.0395027.2395027.2160011.0>3400 >4500 3850>23.5 >31.0 26.6270018.8395027.2Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic11007.611007.65503.84503.13002.15003.511007.611007.611007.6Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive370025.5455031.4370025.5370025.5370025.5370025.5370025.5485033.5370025.5Loctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic Epoxy8005.5Adhesive PerformanceCalibre 300-4 produced by Dow ChemicalLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength>4250 >29.3 12508.611007.68505.99006.211507.9265018.312008.312008.3Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive achieved bond strengths which were higher than the grade ofunfilled polycarbonate tested. Loctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ®3105 Light Cure Adhesive, and Loctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot MeltAdhesive, and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy all achieved the very high bond strengths on PC.Loctite ® 3651 and 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives achieved the lowest bond strengths.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening either caused no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bondability of PC. Theuse of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ®4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, caused a statisticallysignificant decrease in the bond strengths achieved on PC for most of the formulations evaluated.Other Important Information• Polycarbonate is generally compatible with acrylic and cyanoacrylate adhesives, but thereis a potential for stress cracking. In addition, polycarbonate can be attacked by the activatorsfor two-part, no-mix acrylic adhesives before the adhesive has cured. Any excess activatorshould be removed from the surface of the polycarbonate immediately.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based245016.93502.4• Polycarbonate is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin1000.7Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1000.7Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone320022.18505.96004.12001.4NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by the adhesivecould be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 41

PolyesterThermosetTrade Names• Aropol• Dielectrite• Durez• Polylite• Premi-Glas• Premi-Ject• StypolManufacturerAshland Chemical CompanyIndustrial DielectricOccidental Chemical CompanyReichhold Chemical CompanyPremix, Inc.Premix, Inc.Cook CompositesGeneral DescriptionThermoset polyesters and alkyd compounds are produced by thereaction of an organic alcohol with an organic acid. The term alkydis used for those resins which use the lowest amounts of monomer.Polyesters can be created with a tremendous variety of differentmonomers and catalysts. They are known for their excellent electricalproperties and are widely used in home electrical appliances thatrequire high temperature stability. Specialty grades available includeflame retardant, glass filled and magnetizable ferrite filled grades. In2004, the price of thermoset polyesters ranged approximately from$0.75 to $3.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesThermoset polyesters and alkyd molding compounds are densematerials having specific gravities that range from 1.2 to 2.0. They arealso very strong and rigid as illustrated by tensile strengths as high as14,000 psi (96.5 MPa) and flexural strengths as high as 20,000 psi(138 MPa), respectively. Thermoset polyesters have moderate impactstrengths ranging from 1.6 to 10.6 ft-lb/in (8.6 to 57.2 kg cm/cm).Polyesters have good dielectric strength at high temperatures andoutstanding resistance to breakdown under electrical arc and trackingconditions. Thermal and dimensional stability is good up to 450°F(230°C). Some grades have high flammability ratings even whenmolded into sheets as thin as 0.020 in. Thermoset polyesters havegood chemical resistance to many chemicals, including alcohols,ethers, salts, organic and inorganic acids. However, they are attackedby hydrocarbons, phenols, ketones, esters, and oxidizing acids.Typical Properties of PolyesterAmerican EngineeringProcessing Temperature 300°F to 350°F 150°C to 177°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.007 in./in. 0.001 to 0.007 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 72.4 to 124.9 lb./ft. 3 1.2 to 2.0 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 2.6 to 11.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.8 to 7.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 3.7 to 12.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.6 to 8.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 4.2% 1.0 to 4.2%Tensile Modulus 1.2 to 6.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.8 to 4.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 11.1 to 20.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.8 to 14.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 4.7 to 7.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 3.3 to 5.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 17.5 to 24.3 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 12.3 to 17.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 1.6 to 10.6 ft.-lb./in. 8.6 to 57.2 kg cm/cmHardness 5 to 70 Barcol 5 to 70 BarcolThermal Conductivity 1.18 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.17 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.0 to 2.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.8 to 3.6 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI160°F to 500°F 71°C to 260°C– –120°F to 220°F 49°C to 104°CDielectric Strength 350 to 500 V/10 -3 in 1.4 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.2 to 4.5 3.2 to 4.50.007 to 0.025 0.007 to 0.0250.1 to 0.2% 0.1 to 0.2%Typical Applications• Electronic – Automotive ignition components, appliances,switch boxes, breaker components, encapsulation• Miscellaneous – Boat hulls, shower stalls, cookware42The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyesterC-685 BLACK 18320 to 30% Glass FiberMineral Filled, 15 rmsC-685 ROUGHENED33 rms, Courtesy ofAmerican CyanamidDIELECTRIC 48-53-ECourtesy ofIndustrial DielectricsDIELECTRIC 44-10Unspecified Glass Fillcourtesy of IndustrialDielectricsDIELECTRIC 46-16-26Unspecified Glass Fllcourtesy of IndustrialDielectricsDIELECTRIC 46-3Unspecified Glass Fillcourtesy of IndustrialDielectricsBMC 685-173 courtesy of Bulk Molding Compounds 8 rmsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength>1350 >900 >1400 >1450 >2100 >1600 >9.3 >6.2 >9.7 >10.0 >14.5 >11.0 >1350 1200>9.3 8.33502.46504.5>1900 800>13.1 5.57004.86004.11501.0>1900 >13.1 10507.23502.48005.58505.9>1250 >8.6 10507.2>1650 >11.4 8505.97004.8165011.3>1400 >1300 >2050 >1550 >9.7 >9.0 >14.1 >10.7 >600 350>4.1 2.44503.12501.7>1300 >1350 >1950 >1250 >9.0 >9.3 >13.5 >8.6 4503.111007.66504.511507.96004.110006.97004.86504.5Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® , 414 Super Bonder ® and 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® HighPerformance Epoxy achieved the highest bond strengths on the thermoset polyester, typically achievingsubstrate failure. With the exception of the three hot melt adhesives and Loctite ® 3340 Light CureAdhesive, all other adhesives developed moderate to good bond strength on unfilled thermoset polyester.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, are notrecommended as they significantly decreased the bond strengths achieved on the grades of thermosetpolyester which were evaluated. Surface roughening caused either no effect or a statistically significantincrease in the bond strengths achieved by the acrylic adhesives. However, surface roughening typicallyresulted in a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved by the cyanoacrylate adhesives.Other Important Information• Thermoset polyester is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives,sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy>1550 >10.7 Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based1000.7Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive500.3Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone11507.97505.25003.52001.4NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 43

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• ArlonGreene, Tweed & Co.• Victrex PEEKVictrex, USATypical Properties of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 700°F to 750°F 371°C to 399°CGeneral DescriptionPolyetheretherketone, a poly(aryletherketone), is a linear, semi-crystalline,wholly aromatic polymer. It offers outstanding thermal stability and isresistant to a wide range of chemicals. Due to PEEK’s suitability forextreme service conditions, it has found use in many demanding nicheapplications such as high temperature bearings and aircraft radomes andfairings. Specialty grades available include glass, carbon and PTFE filledgrades. In 2004, the price of PEEK ranged approximately from $33.00 to$36.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPEEK is a high performance thermoplastic which is well suited forhigh-temperature environments. In addition, it has good mechanicalproperties, including a flexural modulus among the highest of allthermoplastics. Furthermore, the addition of fillers to PEEK typicallyincreases both its modulus and thermal stability. PEEK is suitable forapplications that will see intermittent exposure to temperatures up to600°F (315°C) and has a maximum continuous service temperature ofapproximately 480°F (250°C). Unfilled PEEK meets UL94 V-0flammability requirements and generates very little smoke uponcombustion. PEEK resists mild acids and bases at elevatedtemperatures, superheated water up to 500°F (260°C), and mostcommon organic solvents. PEEK also has outstanding resistance toradiation, significantly greater than polystyrene, the second mostradiation resistant polymeric material. Samples of PEEK have withstood1100 Mrads without significantly degrading. Sunlight and weatheringresistance are also good, with no loss of properties evident after oneyear of outdoor exposure.Linear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.005 in./in. 0.001 to 0.005 cm/cmMelting Point 630°F to 640°F 332°C to 338°CDensity 84.3 to 96.8 lb./ft. 3 1.35 to 1.55 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 16.9 to 31.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 11.9 to 21.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 13.1 to 26.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 9.2 to 18.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 2.0 to 8.0% 2.0 to 8.0%Tensile Modulus 9.0 to 35.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 6.3 to 23.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 21.6 to 39.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 15.2 to 28.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 4.0 to 20.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.8 to 14.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 11.0 to 32.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.7 to 22.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.9 to 2.2 ft.-lb./in. 4.7 to 11.9 kg cm/cmHardness M100 - M124 Rockwell M100 - M124 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.5 to 6.5 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.22 to 0.94 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.7 to 1.8 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.3 to 3.2 cm/cm-°C x10 -5350°F to 610°F 177°C to 321°C500°F to 640°F 260°C to 338°C428°F to 480°F 220°C to 249°CDielectric Strength 350 to 500 V/10 -3 in. 1.4 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.0 to 4.2 3.0 to 4.20.001 to 0.005 0.001 to 0.0050.06 to 0.18% 0.06 to 0.18%Typical Applications• Aerospace – Wire and cable insulation, coatings, EMI/RFI shields• Miscellaneous – High temperature bearings, compressor parts,nuclear power plant and oil well applications, military equipment44The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyetheretherketoneVICTREX450G CONTROL450G ROUGHENED22 rmsPEEK 450 CA3030% Carbon Fiber,courtesy of Victrex, U.S.A.THERMOCOMPLF-100630% Glass Fiber, courtesyof LNP Engineering PlasticsLUBRICOMPLCL-4033 EM15% Carbon Fiber,15% PTFE, courtesy ofLNP Engineering PlasticsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened1501.07004.81501.01000.71000.7Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive2501.73502.42001.42501.74002.8Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer2501.73502.44503.15503.83002.1Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose2001.43002.12501.74002.82501.7Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic3502.43502.44503.15003.55003.5Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive11007.611007.69506.612008.39006.2Unfilled Resin courtesy of Victrex, U.S.A. and Modern PlasticsLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength2001.49006.23002.12501.73002.12501.74503.15003.53002.15003.5Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 3105 and 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesives consistently achieved the highest bondstrengths on PEEK. With the exception of the three hot melt adhesives, all other adhesives developedmoderate to good bond strength on unfilled PEEK.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bond strengthsachieved on PEEK. Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, used in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,had no overall statistically significant effect on the bondability of PEEK. However, Loctite ® 770 and7701 Prism ® Primers did result in a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved onthe PEEK 450 CA30 and Thermocomp LF-1006 grades.Other Important Information• PEEK is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy4002.8Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based1000.7Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1000.7Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Urethane7505.2Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone6004.17505.22001.4NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 45

Polyetherimide (PEI)ThermoplasticTrade Names• UltemManufacturerGE PlasticsGeneral DescriptionPolyetherimide (PEI) is an amorphous thermoplastic which is based onrepeating aromatic imide and ether units. PEI is known for its highstrength and rigidity, especially under long-term heat exposure. The rigidaromatic imide units provide PEI with its high performance properties atelevated temperatures, while the ether linkages provide it with the chainflexibility necessary to have good melt flow and processability. Currentlythe largest area of growth for PEI is in metal replacement applications,mostly involving the replacement of aluminum and brass automotiveparts. Specialty grades available include glass, mineral, and carbonreinforced, low wear and low friction, improved chemical resistance andPC/PEI blends, as well as commercial aircraft interior and medicallyrated grades. In 2004, the price of PEI ranged approximately from$9.00 to $11.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolyetherimide is a high performance plastic which is well suited forextreme service environments. At room temperature, its mechanicalproperties exceed those of most thermoplastics, and it displays animpressive retention of these properties at temperatures as high as375°F (191°C). PEI also performs extremely well at elevatedtemperatures. For example, Ultem 1000 has a glass transitiontemperature of 419°F (215°C), heat deflection temperature at 264 psi(1.82 MPa) of 392°F (200°C), and continuous service temperature of338°F (170°C). PEI exhibits excellent impact strength and ductility, butdoes display notch sensitivity when subjected to high stress rates. PEIhas an exceptionally high flame resistance, and when it does burn, itgenerates very low levels of smoke. It is an excellent electricalinsulator, has a low dissipation factor, a high volume resistivity, a higharc resistance, and is extraordinarily free of ionic contaminations. Notonly does PEI have excellent hydrolytic stability, UV stability, andradiation resistance, but it is also extremely well suited for repeatedsteam, hot air, ethylene oxide gas and cold chemical sterilizations. PEI isresistant to a wide range of chemicals including alcohols, hydrocarbons,aqueous detergents and bleaches, strong acids, and mild bases.Typical Properties of Polyetherimide (PEI)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 600°F to 750°F 316°C to 399°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.006 in./in. 0.001 to 0.006 cm/cmMelting Point 400°F to 450°F 204°C to 232°CDensity 78.0 to 93.6 lb./ft. 3 1.25 to 1.50 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 14.9 to 26.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 10.5 to 18.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 12.1 to 25.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 8.5 to 18.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.5 to 5.3% 1.5 to 5.3%Tensile Modulus 3.3 to 18.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.3 to 12.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 19.5 to 44.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 13.7 to 31.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 4.0 to 18.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.8 to 12.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 20.0 to 26.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 14.1 to 18.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.8 to 1.6 ft.-lb./in. 4.1 to 8.7 kg cm/cmHardness R115 - R125 Rockwell R115 - R125 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.6 to 5.1 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.23 to 0.74 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.6 to 1.9 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.1 to 3.4 cm/cm-°C x10 -5390°F to 420°F 199°C to 216°C400°F to 440°F 204°C to 227°CTypical Applications• Transportation – Under-the-hood temperature sensors,fuel system and transmission components• Electronics – Thin wall connectors, chip carriers,burn-in sockets, printed wiring boards• Medical – Fittings, connectors• Miscellaneous – Computer disks, electrical tapes,flexible circuitry, explosion-proof electrical enclosuresSI300° to 350°F 149°C to 177°CDielectric Strength 480 to 770 V/10 -3 in. 1.9 to 3.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.0 to 3.8 3.0 to 3.80.001 to 0.005 0.001 to 0.0050.12 to 0.25% 0.12 to 0.25%46The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polyetherimide (PEI)UNFILLED RESINULTEM GRADE 10103 rmsGRADE 1010ROUGHENED47 rmsGRADE 210010% Glass ReinforcedGRADE 240040% Glass ReinforcedGRADE 345345% Glass/SilicaReinforcedGRADE 4001Unreinforced,with LubricantGRADE CRS5001Unreinforced, ChemicallyResistant GradeGRADE 780125% Carbon ReinforcedGRADE LTX100APEI/PC Blend InjectionMolding GradeLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened1501.010507.23502.411507.913009.01501.04503.19506.67505.2Ultem Grade 1000 NAT Courtesy of GE PlasticsLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy13509.33002.111007.65003.5225015.51501.0>2050 >14.1 7505.23502.45503.86504.510006.913509.311507.99006.211007.6245016.9200013.8200013.88005.5225015.510507.25003.59006.27004.8175012.110006.98505.9215014.8170011.713009.0165011.413509.3200013.8150010.3150010.36504.53002.17004.85503.814009.72001.410507.27004.8>1800 1550>12.4 10.712508.613509.3185012.87505.214009.714009.76504.511007.68005.5355024.5Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive achieved the highest bond strengths on the PEI, typicallyachieving substrate failure. Loctite ® 401 Prism ® , 4011 Prism ® Medical Device and 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® E-90FL and E-30CL Hysol ® EpoxyAdhesives, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive, and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxynormally achieved the high bond strengths on the various grades of Ultem which were evaluated.However, the performance of each adhesive varied from grade to grade. Loctite ® 3340 Light CureAdhesive typically achieved the lowest bond strength on unfilled PEI.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused large, statistically significant increases in the bond strengths achieved on PEI.The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, caused asignificant decrease in the bond strengths achieved on most of the grades of Ultem which wereevaluated.Other Important Information• Good solvents for use with PEI are methylene chloride and n-methylpyrrolidone.• An accelerator may be necessary to speed the cure of cyanoacrylates on unfilled grades of PEI.• Some grades of PEI have been found to be incompatible with cyanoacrylate adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based3002.1Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin1501.0Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive2501.7Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone14009.74503.15003.52501.7NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 47

Polyethersulfone (PES)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Ultrason• Victrex PESManufacturerBASFVictrex, USAGeneral DescriptionPES is an amorphous thermoplastic whose backbone is composed ofalternating aromatic groups linked with alternating oxygen and sulfurdioxide groups. PES is primarily used for high temperature applications.Specialty grades available include glass, carbon, stainless steel, andfluorocarbon filled. In 2004, the price of PES ranged approximately from$3.31 to $4.55 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesThe most notable properties of PES are its transparency, goodmechanical properties, and outstanding thermal stability. Unfilled PEShas a useful life of 4 to 5 years at 390°F (199°C) and approximately20 years at 356°F (180°C). Moreover, the mechanical and electricalproperties of PES show a low sensitivity to temperature change andload. In addition, the mechanical properties of PES at elevatedtemperatures can be significantly increased by annealing. PES has alow smoke emission and can withstand long-term exposure to bothair and water at elevated temperatures. PES is chemically resistant tomost inorganic chemicals, greases, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and bothleaded and unleaded gasoline. However, PES is attacked by esters,ketones, methylene chloride, and polar aromatic solvents. Thechemical resistance of PES is lessened by internal stress, but this canbe alleviated by annealing the polymer. Typical of the polysulfonefamily, PES has a low resistance to weathering and is degraded by UVlight, making unfilled PES inappropriate for outdoor use. The majordisadvantage to adhesively joining PES is that PES is extremelysensitive to stress cracking. However, the addition of glass fillers, theuse of adhesive accelerators and/or annealing PES greatly increasesits resistance to stress cracking.Typical Properties of Polyethersulfone (PES)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 675°F to 700°F 357°C to 371°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.006 in./in. 0.001 to 0.006 cm/cmMelting Point 440°F to 460°F 227°C to 238°CDensity 91.8 to 99.9 lb./ft. 3 1.47 to 1.60 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 13.0 to 21.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 9.1 to 14.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 11.9 to 23.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 8.4 to 16.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 2.0 to 4.3% 2.0 to 4.3%Tensile Modulus 5.9 to 13.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 4.1 to 9.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 17.9 to 29.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 12.6 to 20.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 3.4 to 13.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.4 to 9.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 15.9 to 21.3 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 11.2 to 15.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 1.0 to 1.6 ft.-lb./in. 5.3 to 8.6 kg cm/cmHardness R120 - R123 Rockwell R120 - R123 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.3 to 2.9 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.19 to 0.42 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.2 to 3.3 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.2 to 5.9 cm/cm-°C x10 -5400°F to 460°F 204°C to 238°C420°F to 460°F 216°C to 238°C350°F to 390°F 177°C to 199°CDielectric Strength 370 to 600 V/10 -3 in. 1.5 to 2.4 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.SI3.5 to 4.2 3.5 to 4.20.006 to 0.010 0.006 to 0.0100.29 to 0.41% 0.29 to 0.41%Typical Applications• Electrical – Multipin connectors, coil formers,printed circuit boards• Miscellaneous – Radomes, pump housings, bearing cages,hot combs, medical trays48The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyethersulfoneUNFILLED RESIN5 rmsROUGHENED24 rmsLUBRICANT9% Polymist F510INTERNAL MOLDRELEASE0.5% Mold Wiz 55PVFILLER17% 497 FiberglassCOLORANT0.5% Yellow 55-21007POLYSULFONEUdedl courtesy of AmocoPerformance ProductsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened6504.5185012.89506.66504.5175012.16504.56504.5Udel P-1700 produced by Solvay Advanced Polymers 11 rms Ultrason E2010 by BASFLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive160011.01501.09506.62501.7305021.02001.4>2600 >17.9 10006.96004.1200013.84503.16004.16504.56504.5170011.710006.92001.41000.71000.7160011.011007.612508.62501.7305021.08505.96004.17004.88005.5235016.25003.51501.09506.62501.7380026.2160011.0185012.8190013.111507.9305021.08505.94503.1295020.35503.8305021.0160011.01501.07004.89006.2305021.0Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive consistently achieved the highest bond strengths on PES, while Loctite ®4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive achieved substrate failure at a lower bond strength. Loctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Loctite ® E-214HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive, and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxyall developed significant bond strength on unfilled PES. The only statistically significant difference betweenthe bondability of unfilled PES and polysulfone was that Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive achieved higher,statistically significant bond strengths on the polysulfone than on the unfilled PES.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bond strengthsachieved on PES. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,caused a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of both PES and polysulfone.Other Important Information• PES and polysulfone are extremely sensitive to stress cracking caused by exposure to uncuredcyanoacrylate adhesives, so any excess adhesive should be removed from the surfaceimmediately, and cyanoacrylate accelerators should be used whenever possible.• PES and polysulfone are compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by theiractivators before the adhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from thesurface immediately.• PES and polysulfone are incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone14009.76004.12501.71501.0NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 49

Polyethylene (LDPE, HDPE)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• AspunDow Plastics• AttaneDow Plastics• BapoleneBamberger Polymers, Inc.• ClysarDuPont Company• DowlexDow Chemical Company• EscoreneExxon Mobil Chemical• FortiflexSolvay Polymers• Hostan GURHoescht Celanese Corporation• MarlexPhillips 66 Company• MicrotheneQuantum Chemical Company• NovapolNovacor Chemicals• PetrotheneQuantum Chemical• Polyfort FLPA. Schulman, Inc.• SclairNovacor Chemicals• TuflinUnion Carbide Corporation• Ultra-wearPolymer CorporationTypical Properties of Polyethylene (LDPE, HDPE)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 300°F to 630°F 149°C to 332°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.017 to 0.050 in./in. 0.017 to 0.050 cm/cmMelting Point 210°F to 400°F 99°C to 204°CDensity 56.2 to 58.1 lb./ft. 3 0.90 to 0.93 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.1 to 2.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 1.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.1 to 5.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 4.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 60.0 to 780.0% 60.0 to 780.0%Tensile Modulus 0.1 to 0.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.1 to 0.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield – –Flexural Modulus 0.2 to 0.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.1 to 0.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4General DescriptionPolyethylene is a lightweight, semicrystalline thermoplastic producedby the liquid phase, free radical initiated polymerization of ethylene.The polymer is formed when the proper combination of pressure,temperature, and catalyst break open the double bonds within theethylene molecules. The amount of branching within the bulk polymerand its density can be controlled by varying the reaction conditions.An increase in the density of polyethylene leads to an increase in itshardness, surface abrasion, tensile strength, modulus, thermal stability,chemical resistance, and surface gloss but diminishes toughness, clarity,flexibility, elongation, and stress cracking resistance. Specialty gradesavailable include the four major density groups, namely I, II, III, and IV inorder of increasing density, UV stabilized, flame retardant, antistatic, andgrades with many different types of fillers. In 2004, the price of PE rangedapproximately from $0.75 to $1.50 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolyethylene is not a high performance plastic suited for extreme serviceenvironments, but rather an extremely versatile and inexpensive resinthat has become one of the most popular of all plastics. Almost all ofpolyethylene’s properties vary greatly with changes in density andmolecular weight. Low density polyethylene has a relatively low strengthand hardness, but is flexible, clear, impact, creep and stress-crackresistant, and can have an elongation comparable to some rubbers. Highdensity polyethylene has significantly higher strength, hardness, abrasionand chemical resistance, but it sacrifices some of the properties inwhich low density polyethylene excels. Polyethylenes are not able towithstand high temperatures, but their chemical resistance is excellentfor an inexpensive, non-engineering resin. They are not recommendedfor continuous use with hydrocarbons, some alcohols, and oxidizingacids, but they are resistant to phenols, ketones, esters, ethers, bases,salts, organic and inorganic acids.Compressive Strength – –Izod Notched, R.T. – –Hardness R44 - R55 Rockwell R44 - R55 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.8 to 2.9 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.26 to 0.42 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature11.0 to 18.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 19.8 to 32.4 cm/cm-°C x10 -573°F to 126°F 23°C to 52°C100°F to 120°F 38°C to 49°C104°F to 158°F 40°C to 70°CDielectric Strength 475 to 900 V/10 -3 in. 1.9 to 3.5 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.2 to 2.4 2.2 to 2.40.0001 to 0.0005 0.0001 to 0.00050.01 to 1.5% 0.01 to 1.5%Typical Applications• Films – Shrink bundling, drum and bag liners, ice bags,shipping sacks, cling wrap, snack packaging, diaper liners• Packaging – Food and shipping containers, milk, water, antifreeze,and household chemical containers, squeeze bottles• Miscellaneous – Pipe and chemical drum liners, electric cablejacketing, toys, portable sanitary facilities, commercial storagetanks, envelopes50The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Low Density PolyethyleneUNFILLED RESIN5 rmsROUGHENED88 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.1% Irganox 1010UV STABILIZER0.3% Cyasorb UV-531FLAME RETARDANT16% DET-83R6% Antimony OxideLUBRICANT1% Synpro 114-36FILLER17% OmyaCarb FCOLORANT0.1% Watchung RedB RT4280ANTISTATIC0.4% Armostat 375HIGH DENSITYPOLYETHELENEcourtesy ofCompression PolymersLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• CleartufGoodyear• Ektar FBEastman Performance• ImpetHoechst Celanese• Kodapak PETEastman Chemical Products• LumirrorToray Industries• MylarE.I. DuPont• PetlonAlbis Corporation• PetraAllied-Signal Corp.• RyniteE.I. DuPont• SelarE.I. DuPont• Tenite PETEastman Chemical Products• TraytufGoodyear• ValoxGE PlasticsTypical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 500°F to 580°F 260°C to 304°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.006 to 0.007 in./in. 0.006 to 0.007 cm/cmMelting Point 470°F to 500°F 243°C to 260°CDensity 84.3 to 87.4 lb./ft. 3 1.35 to 1.40 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 5.5 to 13.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.9 to 9.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 7.0 to 10.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.9 to 7.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 85.0 to 160.0% 85.0 to 160.0%Tensile Modulus 4.0 to 5.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.8 to 3.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 4General DescriptionPolyethylene terephthalate is produced by the condensation reaction ofeither dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) or purified terephthalic acid (PTA)with ethylene glycol. Recently, PET has been produced almostexclusively using PTA, while the addition of a secondary copolymerizingagent, such as cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) or isophthalic acid (IPA),has become common. These secondary copolymerizing agents are usedto improve the clarity, toughness, and barrier properties of PET, whichmakes PET better suited for its primary market, blow moldedcarbonated soft drink containers. Specialty grades available includeflame retardant, impact modified, and glass, mineral, carbon, PTFE, andmica filled. In 2004, the price of PET ranged approximately from $1.00to $2.50 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesFor almost all injection molding applications of PET, the PET will beeither glass or mineral filled. Reinforced PET is the stiffest of allcommonly used thermoplastics, illustrated by the flexural modulusof glass filled PET ranging from 1.3 to 2.6 x 106 psi (0.9 to 1.8 x105 kg/cm 2 ). Reinforced PET also has a high tensile strength,excellent heat resistance, outstanding weatherability, and minimalwater absorption. Although reinforced PET only has moderate impactresistance (1.2 to 2.6 ft.-lb./in.), impact resistant grades are availablewhich offer a notched izod impact strength of up to 4 ft.-lb./in.Reinforced PET has a high dielectric strength, which remains constantor increases with temperature up to 300°F (149°C). PET is chemicallyresistant to most chemicals, over a wide range of temperatures,including motor fuels, oils, and hydrocarbon solvents. However, PET isnot recommended for long-term use in water at temperatures above122°F (50°C). Since PET is a condensation polymer, it can bedepolymerized when recycling, resulting in the reclamation of pureraw materials, which can then be used to fabricate new products. In1993, 41% of all U.S. PET sales were recycled.Flexural Strength, Yield 11.1 to 18.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.8 to 13.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.3 to 2.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.9 to 1.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 14.0 to 18.3 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 9.8 to 12.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 4.2 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 22.7 kg cm/cmHardness M94 - M101 Rockwell M94 - M101 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.0 to 1.7 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 6.7 to 12.1 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.8 to 5.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.4 to 9.0 cm/cm-°C x10 -5350°F to 450°F 177°C to 232°C154°F to 162°F 68°C to 72°C330°F to 3801°F 166°C to 193°CDielectric Strength 390 to 770 V/10 -3 in. 1.5 to 2.7 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.9 to 3.2 2.9 to 3.20.010 to 0.020 0.010 to 0.0200.08 to 0.15% 0.08 to 0.15%Typical Applications• Automotive – Cowl vent grilles, sunroof rails, wiper blade supports• Electrical – Computer fans, fuse holders, insulated housings• Packaging – Soft drink containers, packaged food containers52The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polyethylene TerephthalateUNFILLED RESIN7 rmsROUGHENED31 rmsIMPACT MODIFIER17% Novalene 7300PFLAME RETARDANT15% PO-64P4% Antimony OxideLUBRICANT0.2% Zinc StearateINTERNAL MOLDRELEASE0.5% Mold Wiz 33PAFILLER17% 3540 FiberglassCOLORANT0.5% Green 99-41042ANTISTATIC1% Dehydat 8312Quadrant Ertalyte PET produced by Modern Plastics 40 rms T80 by Hoechst CelanseLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone4503.12001.4>3200 900>22.1 6.2>1800 700>12.4 4.8>2200 950>15.2 6.65003.511507.91000.7>1200 >8.6 2501.73502.44503.13002.14503.12001.42501.76504.51501.02001.41501.0500.310507.25003.56004.12001.45003.511507.9>250 1550>1.7 10.77505.28005.58005.5>350 >2150 >1800 >3200 2900>2.4 >14.8 >12.4 >22.1 20.0>250 600>1.7 4.010006.9>1350 >9.3 >2200 >1900 >15.2 >13.1 >1800 >1800 >3350 >1800 >1800 >12.4 >12.4 >23.1 >12.4 >12.4 >400 >2200 >2200 >2200 2200>2.8 >15.2 >15.2 >15.2 15.2>150 850>1.0 5.9>300 1150>2.1 7.95003.511507.95003.5170011.78005.5170011.7>2200 >1450 >15.2 >10.0 5003.511507.95003.511507.9Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives and Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® LightCure Adhesive created bonds which were stronger than the PET substrate for most of the formulationstested. Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive achieved thenext highest bond strengths. Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive, a UV Cationic Epoxy, andLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive achieved the lowest bond strengths.Surface TreatmentsThe overall effect of using Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,on PET could not be determined because most of the PET formulations evaluated achieved substratefailure for both the primed and unprimed PET. However, the use of Loctite ® 770 or 7701 Prism ®Primers did cause a statistically significant increase in the bondability of glass filled PET and astatistically significant decrease in the bondability of flame retarded PET. Surface roughening had noeffect with the acrylic adhesives and a negative effect with the cyanoacrylate adhesives.Other Important Information• PET is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 53

Polyimide (PI)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Envex• Kapton• Kinel• Matrimid• Meldin• NEW-TPI• VespelManufacturerRogers CorporationE.I. DuPontRhone Poulenc, Inc.Ciba - GeigyFuronMitsui ToastuE.I. DuPontGeneral DescriptionPI is an aromatic, linear polymer typically produced by a condensationreaction, such as polymerizing aromatic dianhydride and aromaticdiamine. The polymer can then either be cast with solvent evaporationto form a thermoplastic, such as Kapton films, or precipitated to form a“pseudo-thermoplastic”, such as Vespel. This pseudo-thermoplastic isnot a true thermoplastic because it thermally degrades before its glasstransition temperature and it is not a true thermoset because it is notcrosslinked. Specialty grades of PI include antistatic, thermallyconductive, corona resistant, and glass, carbon, molybdenum disulfideand PTFE filled. In 2004, the price of Vespel, which is sold as moldedparts or machinable stock, ranged approximately from $225 to $365 fora 1 ⁄4" diameter, 38" long rod or $950 for a 10" by 10" by 1 ⁄8" plaque. Inaddition, the price of Kapton films ranged from $63 (5 mil thickness) to$687 ( 1 ⁄3 mil thickness) per pound.General PropertiesThe most notable properties of PI are its solvent resistance, barrierproperties, and performance at both high and low temperatureextremes. For example, Kapton films have performed outstandinglyin field applications at temperatures as low as -452°F (-269°C) andas high as 752°F (400°C). Moreover, unfilled PI has a glass transitiontemperature of 590°F (310°C), heat deflection temperatures up to660°F (349°C), a maximum recommended continuous servicetemperature as high as 500°F (260°C), and can withstand short-termexposures at temperatures up to 700°F (371°C). PI naturally has anextremely low flammability, with a limiting oxygen index of 44 and aUL 94 flammability rating of V-0. PI also has good dielectric properties,which remain constant over a wide range of frequencies, goodelongation (up to 10%), and good abrasion resistance. PI is chemicallyresistant to most organic solvents and dilute acids. However, PI isattacked by strong acids and bases, and is soluble in highly polarsolvents. PI is very resistant to radiation, but long-term exposure tocorona discharge or combinations of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen,and water have a negative effect on its mechanical and physicalproperties. The major disadvantages of PI are that it is very expensive,very difficult to process, and most types of PI have volatiles or containsolvents which must be vented during curing. A minor disadvantage ofPI is that it is only available in dark colors.Typical Properties of Polyimide (PI)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 350°F to 465°F 177°C to 241°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.004 in./in. 0.001 to 0.004 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 82.4 to 106.8 lb./ft. 3 1.32 to 1.71 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.7 to 12.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.3 to 8.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 2.8 to 16.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.0 to 11.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 0.5 to 10.0% 0.5 to 10.0%Tensile Modulus 1.5 to 3.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.1 to 2.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 1.1 to 3.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 2.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 0.9 to 28.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.6 to 19.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 2.0 to 35.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.4 to 24.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 1.8 ft.-lb./in. 1.4 to 9.7 kg cm/cmHardness M100 - M125 Rockwell M100 - M125 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.5 to 4.4 BTU-in./hr-ft. 2 -°F 0.22 to 0.63 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.7 to 2.9 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 1.3 to 5.2 cm/cm-°C x10 -5460°F to 660°F 238°C to 349°CTypical Applications• Nuclear – Valve seats, thermal and electrical insulators,x-ray fluorescent sample holders• Fibers – Flame retardant clothing and filters forhot/corrosive liquids and gases• Miscellaneous – Washers, wear strips, compressor valves,ultrasonic transmitting componentsSI– –480°F to 550°F 249°C to 288°CDielectric Strength 200 to 700 V/10 -3 in. 0.8 to 2.7 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.0 to 5.2 3.0 to 5.20.001 to 0.010 0.001 to 0.0100.27 to 0.97% 0.27 to 0.97%54The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyimideKAPTON HN5 ml Thick500 Gauge FilmKAPTON HPP-ST5 ml Thick500 Gauge FilmKAPTON HPP-FST5 ml Thick500 Gauge FilmVESPEL SP-1UnfilledVESPEL SP-2115% GraphiteVESPEL SP-2240% GraphiteVESPEL SP-21115% Graphite10% PTFEVespel, Kapton courtesy of DuPont PolymersLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone>800 ♓ >800 ♓ >800 ♓ 1550>5.5 ♓ >5.5 ♓ >5.5 ♓ 10.7>800 >800 >800 2200>5.5 >5.5 >5.5 15.2>650 >600 >450 350>4.5 >4.1 >3.1 2.4>800 >5.5 >800 >5.5 >800 >5.5 165011.4>800 >800 >800 1150>5.5 >5.5 >5.5 7.9>800 ♓ >800 >800 800>5.5 ♓ >5.5 >5.5 5.52501.7>550 >3.8 9506.66004.15003.59506.6>1750 >11.7 >1250 >8.6 >1250 >8.6 >950 >6.6 >1050 >7.2 2001.41000.7500.3>550 >3.8 8505.95503.82001.414009.7225015.58505.9235016.25503.810006.95503.88505.94002.810006.95003.52501.74002.85503.86004.17004.82001.42001.4Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives achieved the highest bond strengths onthe Vespel polyimide. Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive achieved the second highest bondstrength. Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive and Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive achieved the lowestbond strengths on Vespel. Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® , 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® InstantAdhesives, Loctite ® 330 Depend ® 330 Adhesive, Loctite ® 3105 and 4305 Flashcure ® Light CureAdhesives, Loctite ® E-90FL , E-30FL , E-20HP and E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, Loctite ®Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy, and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive all achieved substratefailure on the 5 mil (0.005 in) thick Kapton films.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, resulted ineither no effect or a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of polyimide.Other Important Information• When bonding polyimide films, an accelerator may be necessaryto speed the cure of cyanoacrylates.• Polyimide is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.♓ Loctite ® 7452 Tak Pak ® Accelerator was used inconjunction with Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® InstantAdhesive. The Kapton films were bonded to aluminumlapshears prior to evaluation.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 55

Polymethylpentene (PMP)ThermoplasticTrade Names• TPXManufacturerMitsui PetrochemicalGeneral DescriptionPolymethylpentene, a member of the polyolefin family, is manufacturedby a catalytic polymerization of 4-methylpentene-1. PMP is known forits transparency and extremely low density. PMP is usually compoundedwith additives and comonomers to enhance its mechanical and opticalproperties. Specialty grades available include radiation resistant, as wellas mica and glass filled. In 2004, the price of PMP ranged approximatelyfrom $6.50 to $7.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolymethylpentene is a highly transparent polyolefin with lighttransmission values up to 90%. PMP also has a relatively high meltingpoint of approximately 464°F (240°C), and it retains useful mechanicalproperties at temperatures as high as 401°F (205°C). Although PMP isdegraded by sunlight and high energy irradiation, there are gradesavailable which can withstand medical irradiation sterilization. PMP hasgood electrical properties and chemical resistance, however, it isattacked by strong oxidizing acids. Unfilled polymethylpentene has aspecific gravity of 0.83, which makes it one of the lightest thermoplasticresins.Typical Properties of Polymethylpentene (PMP)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 550°F to 600°F 288°C to 316°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.021 in./in. 0.002 to 0.021 cm/cmMelting Point 450°F to 465°F 232°C to 241°CDensity 51.8 to 66.8 lb./ft. 3 0.83 to 1.07 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 2.1 to 3.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.5 to 2.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 3.1 to 6.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.2 to 4.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 120.0% 1.0 to 120.0%Tensile Modulus 0.7 to 6.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.5 to 4.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 4930 to 7530 psi 34 to 52 MPaFlexural Modulus 1.8 to 7.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.3 to 5.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength – –Izod Notched, R.T. 0.5 to 23.0 ft.-lb./in. 2.7 to 124.2 kg cm/cmHardness R35 - R90 Rockwell R35 - R90 RockwellThermal Conductivity – –SILinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature6.0 to 7.0 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 10.8 to 12.6 cm/cm-°C x10 -5150°F to 250°F 66°C to 121°C180°F to 250°F 82°C to 121°C– –Dielectric Strength 1650 to 1700 V/10 -3 in. 6.5 to 6.7 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.0 to 2.2 2.0 to 2.2– –0.01 to 0.15% 0.01 to 0.15%Typical Applications• Medical – Syringes, connector pieces, hollowware,disposable curettes• Lighting – Diffusers, lenses, reflectors• Packaging – Microwave and hot air oven containers,food trays, coated paper plates• Miscellaneous – Liquid level and flow indicators,fluid reservoirs, machine bearing oiler bottles56The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolymethylpenteneUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED46 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.08% Irganox 1010UV STABILIZER0.1% Chimasorb 944FILLER23% MicaANTISTATIC0.3% Armostat 475TPX RT-18 courtesy of Mitsui PlasticsLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone>50>0.31501.01000.75003.5>1900 † 1000>13.1 † 6.92501.71000.72001.4500.31000.7500.3

Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO)ThermoplasticTrade Names• NorylManufacturerGE PlasticsGeneral DescriptionPPO is produced by the oxidative coupling of 2,6-dimethyl phenol.The resulting polymer is oxygen linked and properly called poly(2,6-dimethyl phenyl) 1,4-ether. PPO has excellent thermal stability,flame retardance, impact strength, and electrical properties. PPO alsohas one of the lowest moisture absorption rates found in anyengineering thermoplastic. Specialty grades available includegraphite/nickel, glass, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and stainless steelfilled. In 2004, the price of PPO ranged approximately from $2.00 to$3.76 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPPO is an engineering thermoplastic known for its excellent radiationresistance, oxidation resistance, thermal stability, and electricalproperties. In addition, PPO has outstanding dimensional stability,impact strength at low temperatures, and endurance. Because PPOhomopolymer is very difficult to process, PPO is often copolymerizedwith styrene, or a combination of butadiene and styrene, whichfacilitates processing and makes a wide range of physical propertiesavailable. PPO is chemically resistant to aqueous solutions, acids,bases and salt solutions, but only mildly compatible with oils andgreases. PPO is soluble in trichloroethylene, toluene, and ethylenedichloride, and may be stress cracked by other halogenated solvents,esters, and ketones. Due to PPO’s thermal stability and low moistureabsorption, products made of PPO can be repeatedly steam sterilizedwithout significant degradation and can also be metal-plated.Typical Properties of Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 450°F to 575°F 232°C to 302°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.004 to 0.009 in./in. 0.004 to 0.009 cm/cmMelting Point 415°F to 500°F 213°C to 260°CDensity 64.9 to 69.3 lb./ft. 3 1.04 to 1.11 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.6 to 10.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.2 to 7.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 4.1 to 9.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.9 to 6.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 4.4 to 85.0% 4.4 to 85.0%Tensile Modulus 2.9 to 3.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.0 to 2.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 7.0 to 15.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.9 to 10.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.6 to 3.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.8 to 2.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 7.3 to 16.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.1 to 11.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 1.5 to 8.3 ft.-lb./in. 8.1 to 44.8 kg cm/cmHardness R115 - R120 Rockwell R115 - R120 RockwellThermal Conductivity 0.9 to 1.5 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.13 to 0.22 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature2.9 to 4.4 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 5.2 to 7.9 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI180°F to 450°F 82°C to 232°C200°F to 450°F 93°C to 232°C200°F to 250°F 93°C to 121°CDielectric Strength 400 to 600 V/10 -3 in. 1.6 to 2.4 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.0 to 2.8 2.0 to 2.80.002 to 0.004 0.002 to 0.0040.06 to 0.10% 0.06 to 0.10%Typical Applications• Telecommunications – Television cabinetry,cable splice boxes, wire board frames• Automotive – Grilles, spoilers, wheel covers, fuse blocks• Business – Personal computers, printers• Machines – Bases, video display terminals58The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polyphenylene OxideUNFILLED RESIN7 rmsROUGHENED25 rmsLUBRICANT9% Polymist F5AFILLER9% 489 FiberglassANTISTATIC55 Larostat HTS-904Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened5003.55003.55003.55003.56504.5Noryl 731-701 Black produced by GE Polymershapes 3 rms Noryl 731 produced by GE PlasticsLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive250017.2175012.1160011.03002.19506.61501.0>1750 >12.1 2001.43002.113509.32001.44002.88505.94502.8165011.45503.8500.3500.3

Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• FortronHoechst Celanese• HyvexFerro Corporation• RytonPhillips 66 Co.• SupecGE Plastics• TedurMiles Inc.Typical Properties of Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 600°F to 650°F 316°C to 343°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.003 in./in. 0.001 to 0.003 cm/cmMelting Point 525°F to 600°F 274°C to 316°CGeneral DescriptionPPS is produced by reacting p-dichlorobenzene with sodium sulfide.The resulting polymer is a crystalline, aromatic polymer whosebackbone is composed of benzene rings para-substituted with sulfuratoms. This molecular structure is highly crystalline and extremelystable, which results in the outstanding heat resistance, chemicalresistance, and dimensional stability of PPS. Specialty grades availableinclude ground and fibrous glass, mineral, and carbon filled. In 2004,the price of PPS ranged approximately from $3.00 to $6.00 per poundat truckload quantities.General PropertiesThe most notable properties of PPS are its thermal stability, inherentflame resistance, and outstanding chemical resistance. PPS also hasgood mechanical properties which remain stable during both longand short-term exposure to high temperatures. Although the hightensile strength and flexural modulus associated with PPS decreasesomewhat with increasing temperature, they level off at approximately250°F (121°C), and moderately high mechanical properties aremaintained up to 500°F (260°C). In addition, PPS also exhibits asignificant increase in its elongation and toughness at elevatedtemperatures. Although PPS has a low impact strength, glass fiberscan be added for applications requiring high impact strength anddielectric properties. Glass and mineral fillers are also used forelectrical applications where a high arc resistance and low track rateare required. Although PPS is highly chemically resistant – virtuallyinsoluble below 400°F (204°C) – it can be attacked by chlorinatedhydrocarbons. PPS is difficult to process, because of the high melttemperatures required, but the extremely crystalline structureof PPS results in high quality molded parts which are uniformand reproducible.Density 81.2 to 124.9 lb./ft. 3 1.30 to 2.00 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.4 to 29.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.0 to 20.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 6.4 to 29.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.5 to 20.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.0 to 4.0% 1.0 to 4.0%Tensile Modulus 10.0 to 45.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 7.0 to 31.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 6.0 to 40.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 28.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.2 to 2.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.8 to 16.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 16.0 to 28.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 11.2 to 19.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.6 to 1.9 ft.-lb./in. 3.2 to 10.3 kg cm/cmHardness R116 - R123 Rockwell R116 - R123 RockwellThermal Conductivity 2.01 to 2.22 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.29 to 0.32 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature0.5 to 1.8 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 0.9 to 3.2 cm/cm-°C x10 -5300°F to 550°F 149°C to 288°C400°F to 550°F 204°C to 288°C300°F to 450°F 149°C to 232°CDielectric Strength 280 to 510 V/10 -3 in. 1.1 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.4 to 6.0 3.4 to 6.00.003 to 0.010 0.003 to 0.0100.010 to 0.060% 0.010 to 0.060%Typical Applications• Chemical – Submersible, centrifugal, vane andgear-type processing pumps• Mechanical – Hydraulic components, bearings, cams, valves• Small Appliance – Hair dryers, small cooking appliances,range components60The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polyphenylene SulfideSUPEC GRADE W33130% Glass Reinforced,PTFE Filled, 9 rmsGRADE W331ROUGHENED24 rmsGRADE G301T30% Glass ReinforcedGRADE G40165% Glass ReinforcedGRADE G32365% Glass/MineralReinforcedGRADE CTX53030% Glass ReinforcedPPS/PEI BlendLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened1000.71501.02001.42001.42501.71501.0Supec W331 PPS ( 1 ⁄8" Thick) produced by GE Polymerland 12 rms Supec courtesy of GE PlasticsLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1501.04002.82501.71501.05503.81000.78005.53002.12001.46004.11501.04503.18005.56004.110507.24503.11000.71000.7500.35003.54002.84002.83502.45503.84002.81501.03502.42501.712008.33002.13002.13002.14503.111007.64002.89006.26004.13002.1205014.12501.74002.84002.82001.49006.2Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ® E-30CL and E-214HP Hysol ® EpoxyAdhesives achieved the highest bond strength on the standard grade of PPS tested for all adhesives. Ingeneral, all the adhesives tested exhibited good adhesion to PPS. The exceptions are Loctite ® 380 BlackMax ® Instant Adhesive, Loctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive, the three hot melt adhesivesand Loctite ® 5900 Flange Sealant.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved by all theadhesives evaluated, with the exception of Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, both of which experienced no statistically significant change. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® MedicalDevice Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, did not produce any statistically significantchange in the bondability of PPS.Other Important Information• PPS is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants, primers, activators, and accelerators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Urethane7004.8Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone6504.54002.81000.7NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surface roughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 61

Polypropylene (PP)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Adpro• Astryn• Azdel• Endura• Fortilene• HiGlass• Marlex• Moplen• Nortuff• Petrothene• Polyfort FPP• Rexene PP• Tonen• Unipol PP• ValtecManufacturerGenesis PolymersHimont USA, Inc.Azdel, Inc.PPG Industries, Inc.Solvay PolymersHimont USA, Inc.Phillips 66 CompanyHimont USA, Inc.Quantum ChemicalQuantum ChemicalA. Schulman, Inc.RexeneTonen PetrochemShell Chemical CompanyHimont USA, Inc.General DescriptionPP is manufactured by the polymerization of gaseous PP monomer, inthe presence of an organometallic catalyst, at low pressure. The key toPP’s properties is its crystallinity, which is determined by the degreeof organization of the methyl groups on the polymer’s backbone.Syndiotactic PP is formed when the methyl groups alternate aboveand below the plane of the main polymer chain. On the other hand,isotactic PP is formed when the methyl groups all lie above (or below)the plane. Finally, atactic PP results when the methyl groups arerandomly positioned. Specialty grades available include calciumcarbonate, carbon, copper, glass, mica, mineral, and glass bead filled.In 2004, the price of PP ranged approximately from $0.70 to $10.50per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPP is known for its good mechanical properties, heat resistance, andchemical resistance. In addition, PP has the highest flexural modulus ofthe polyolefins, is among the lightest of the engineering thermoplastics(SG=0.90), and has excellent moisture resistance. One of the majordisadvantages of PP is its poor impact strength at low temperatures.However, PP/elastomer blends are available with much improved impactresistance. PP’s mechanical properties are very dependent on its degreeof crystallinity. Isotactic PP is harder, stiffer, and has a higher tensilestrength than atactic PP, while atactic PP exhibits better impact strengthand elongation under stress. Random copolymers are produced byintroducing small amounts of ethylene into the polymerization reactorand result in much improved clarity and toughness at the expense ofstiffness. PP is chemically resistant to most substances includingnonoxidizing inorganics, detergents, low-boiling hydrocarbons, andalcohols. Unfilled PP is flammable and degraded by UV light; however,flame retardant and UV stabilized grades are available.Typical Properties of Polypropylene (PP)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 390°F to 460°F 199°C to 238°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.011 to 0.020 in./in. 0.011 to 0.020 cm/cmMelting Point 320°F to 360°F 160°C to 182°CDensity 56.2 to 56.8 lb./ft. 3 0.90 to 0.91 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 2.8 to 5.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.0 to 3.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 2.5 to 5.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.8 to 3.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 1.8 to 500% 1.8 to 500%Tensile Modulus 1.4 to 2.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.0 to 1.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 3.7 to 7.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.6 to 5.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 1.1 to 2.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.8 to 1.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 3.5 to 4.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 2.5 to 3.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 1.0 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 5.4 kg cm/cmHardness R65 - R105 Rockwell R65 - R105 RockwellThermal Conductivity 0.8 to 1.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.12 to 0.23 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature2.1 to 6.5 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 3.8 to 11.7 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI140°F to 300°F 60°C to 149°C225°F to 310°F 107°C to 154°C200°F to 250°F 90°C to 121°CDielectric Strength 580 to 990 V/10 -3 in. 2.3 to 3.9 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.1 to 2.7 2.1 to 2.70.0002 to 0.0005 0.0002 to 0.00050.01 to 0.03% 0.01 to 0.03%Typical Applications• Fibers – Carpet backing, diaper coverstock, rope• Packaging – Packaging films, bottles, prescription vials• Appliance – Washer agitators, dishwasher components• Miscellaneous – Straws, luggage, syringes, toys,storage battery cases62The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolypropyleneUNFILLED RESIN5 rmsROUGHENED26 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.1% Irganox 10100.3% Cyanox STDPUV STABILIZER0.5% Cyasorb UV531IMPACT MODIFIER9% Novalene EPDMFLAME RETARDANT9% PE-684% Antimony OxideSMOKE SUPPRESSANT13% Firebrake ZBLUBRICANT0.1% Calcium Stearate24-26FILLER20% Cimpact 600 TalcProfax 6323 produced by HimontCOLORANT0.1% Watchung RedRT-428-DANTISTATIC0.2% Armostat 475Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone500.3500.3500.3195013.5>1950 † 1300>13.5 † 9.0500.32001.41000.71000.72001.41950 † >1950 † >1950 † >1950 †>13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 † >13.5 †500.32001.41000.7500.32001.41000.72001.42001.41000.7500.32001.42501.7500.32001.41000.7500.3500.3500.32001.41000.7500.3500.31000.72001.41000.7500.3500.3500.32001.41000.7Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, used in conjunction with Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, achievedthe highest bond strengths on PP, typically substrate failure. Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive (a polyolefinbonding adhesive) achieved comparable strength but no substrate failure. Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® HotMelt Adhesive (polyolefin based) had the third highest strength. All others adhesives tested performedpoorly on unprimed, un-abraded PP.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or500.32001.42001.42001.41000.7Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, resulted in adramatic, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved on PP, typically substrate failure.Surface roughening resulted in either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bond strengthsachieved on PP.Other Important Information• Polypropylene is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives,sealants, primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES:† Due to the severe deformation of the block shearspecimens, testing was stopped before the actual bondstrength achieved by the adhesive could be determined(the adhesive bond never failed).The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 63

Polystyrene (PS)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Dylark• Esbrite• Kaofulex• Polyrex• Polysar• Styron• StyronolManufacturerARCO ChemicalSumitomo ChemicalKaofu ChemicalChi Mei IndustrialNovacor ChemicalsDow ChemicalAllied ResinousGeneral DescriptionThe types of polystyrene commercially available can be broken downinto three main categories, namely crystal, impact (HIPS), andexpandable polystyrene (EPS). Crystal polystryene is an amorphouspolymer produced by the polymerization of styrene monomer atelevated temperatures. It is a rigid, glossy material, with superior clarity,but is limited by poor impact resistance. For applications requiringhigher impact resistance, impact polystyrene is used. Impactpolystyrene is produced by blending polybutadiene rubber with thepolystyrene monomer prior to polymerization. Polystyrene also findswidespread use as “styrofoam.” Styrofoam is predominately producedusing expandable polystyrene (EPS) beads. EPS beads are polystyrenebeads which contain a blowing agent. When heated, the blowing agentvaporizes, expanding the polystyrene and forming a low density foam.Specialty grades available include ignition resistant, glass fiber, silicone,and calcium carbonate filled. In 2004, the price of PS ranged from$0.70 to $1.25 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolystyrene is known for its optical clarity, rigidity, and ability to beprocessed by all thermoplastic processes. Flexural modulii as highas approximately 500,000 psi (35,000 kg/cm 2 ), a tensile strength of8,000 psi, and an elongation generally between 3% and 5% aretypical of crystal polystyrene. However, the impact resistance ofcrystal polystyrene is very low, usually between 0.3 to 0.5 ft.-lb./in.(1.62 to 2.7 kg cm/cm). Impact resistant grades are available withelongations of up to 50%, and notched izod impact strengths as highas 5 ft.-lb./in. (27 kg cm/cm), but the optical clarity and tensilestrength decrease. Crystal grades of polystyrene transmit up to 90%of visible light, but are susceptible to weathering and ultraviolet lightdegradation. Protective coatings or UV stabilizers are recommendedfor outdoor applications. In general, polystyrene has poor solventresistance and is attacked by hydrocarbons, phenols, ketones, esters,ethers, and some acids. Due to its low melting point, polystyrene isnot recommended for use in high temperature applications.Polystyrene is a good insulator and has a low dielectric loss factor.Typical Properties of Polystyrene (PS)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 300°F to 500°F 149°C to 260°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.002 to 0.008 in./in. 0.002 to 0.008 cm/cmMelting Point 212°F to 545°F 100°C to 241°CDensity 63.7 to 66.2 lb./ft. 3 1.02 to 1.06 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 2.4 to 6.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.7 to 4.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 2.7 to 7.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 1.9 to 5.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 2.0 to 80.0% 2.0 to 80.0%Tensile Modulus 2.2 to 4.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.5 to 3.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 4.3 to 13.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.0 to 9.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 2.0 to 4.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.4 to 3.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 7.0 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.9 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.2 to 2.2 ft.-lb./in. 1.1 to 11.9 kg cm/cmHardness M50 - M100 Rockwell M50 - M100 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.4 to 3.0 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.20 to 0.43 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature3.7 to 8.4 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 6.7 to 15.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI150°F to 275°F 66°C to 135°C170°F to 275°F 77°C to 135°C– –Dielectric Strength 300 to 575 V/10 -3 in. 1.2 to 2.3 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.5 to 2.6 2.5 to 2.60.0001 to 0.0010 0.0001 to 0.00100.05 to 0.10% 0.05 to 0.10%Typical Applications• Packaging – Processed food and produce containers,foam for meat and produce trays• Construction – Window moldings and frames, doors and doorframes, footing profiles, structural foam sections for insulating walls• Household – Styrofoam plates, toys, food containers,television housings• Medical – Labware, diagnostic equipment, tissue culture flasks,vacuum canisters64The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolystyreneUNFILLED RESIN4 rmsROUGHENED32 rmsANTIOXIDANT0.06% Irganox 2450.02% Irganox 1076UV STABILIZER0.31% Tinuvin 3280.31% Tinuvin 770IMPACT MODIFIER15% Kraton D1101FLAME RETARDANT4% Saytex HBCD-SF1% Antimony OxideLUBRICANT0.5% Zinc StearateGP CPS 2511 courtesy of Nova Chemicals 2 rms XC2245-HIY-9100 produced by HuntsmanCOLORANT4% CP204230Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone4503.113509.37505.2>1750 750>12.1 5.25003.53502.413509.32001.4>950 >6.6 7004.85503.89006.23502.42501.75003.53002.1NOTTESTED2501.73002.1500.31450 1350>5.5 >10.0 9.38005.53502.413509.39006.24503.1>2100 750>14.5 5.24503.14503.1>1200 450>8.3 3.1>3300 >1750 >1750 >1750 >1750 1500>22.8 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 >12.1 10.312508.63502.413509.35003.53502.45003.5>2300 >850 500>15.9 >5.9 3.51501.0500.3>2000 1350>13.8 9.3500.313509.35003.53502.410006.9Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, when used in conjunction with Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, andLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive achieved the highest bond strengths on PS, typicallysubstrate failure. Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive achieved the second highest bond strengths. Loctite ®3651 and 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives obtained the lowest bond strengths. The addition of an impactmodifier additive increased the bondability of PS with cyanoacrylate and light curing acrylic adhesives.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, when used in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® InstantAdhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer,caused a statistically significant increase in the bondability of all the formulations of PS evaluated, exceptfor the roughened PS, where Prism ® Loctite ® 770 or 7701 Prism ® Primers caused a statisticallysignificant decrease in its bondability. Surface roughening caused a statistically significant increase in thebond strengths achieved on unprimed PS when using cyanoacrylate adhesives, but had no statisticallysignificant effect when using acrylic adhesives.Other Important Information• Polystyrene is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activatorsbefore the adhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removedfrom the surface immediately.• Polystyrene is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by the adhesivecould be determined.NOT TESTED: Substrate melted at adhesivecure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 65

Polyurethane (PU)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Bayflex• Estane• Isoplast• Mor-Thane• Neuthane• Pellethane• Tecoflex• Tecothane• TexinManufacturerBayer CorporationB. F. Goodrich ChemicalDow ChemicalMortonNew England UrethaneDow ChemicalThermedics Inc.Thermedics Inc.Bayer CorporationGeneral DescriptionPolyurethanes are produced by the condensation reaction of anisocyanate and a material with a hydroxyl functionality, such as apolyol. PU can have the chemical structure of either a thermoplastic orthermoset and can have the physical structure of a rigid solid, a softelastomer, or a foam. The chemical composition of PU can also varywidely, depending on the specific polyol and isocyanate bearingspecies which are reacted to form the PU. The many different chemicalstructures and physical forms possible for PU make it a versatile,widely used polymer. Specialty grades available include flameretardant, clay, silica, and glass filled. In 2004, the price of PU rangedapproximately from $1.20 to $6.50 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesThe major benefits offered by PU are that it retains its high impactstrength at low temperatures, it is readily foamable, and it is resistantto abrasion, tear propagation, ozone, oxidation, fungus, and humidity.Although thermoplastic PU is attacked by steam, fuels, ketones, estersand strong acids and bases, it is resistant to aliphatic hydrocarbonsand dilute acids and bases. The highest recommended usetemperature of thermoplastic PU is approximately 220°F (104°C),rendering it inappropriate for most high temperature applications.Furthermore, thermoplastic PU has poor weatherability stemming fromits poor resistance to UV degradation. Since PU can be painted withflexible PU paints without pretreatment, it has found use in manyautomotive exterior parts.Typical Properties of Polyurethane (PU)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 385°F to 450°F 196°C to 232°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.004 to 0.014 in./in. 0.004 to 0.014 cm/cmMelting Point 400°F to 450°F 204°C to 232°CDensity 69.9 to 77.4 lb./ft. 3 1.12 to 1.24 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 4.9 to 35.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.4 to 24.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 4.9 to 35.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 3.4 to 24.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 100 to 500% 100 to 500%Tensile Modulus 0.6 to 45.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.4 to 31.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 6.0 to 60.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.2 to 42.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 0.1 to 0.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 0.0 to 0.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 1.2 to 29.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 20.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 1.5 to (No Break) ft.-lb./in. 8.1 to (No Break) kg cm/cmHardness A55 - A95 Rockwell A55 - A95 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.7 to 2.3 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.25 to 0.33 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.8 to 8.4 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 3.2 to 15.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI100°F to 330°F 38°C to 166°C115°F to 370°F 46°C to 188°C180°F to 220°F 82°C to 104°CDielectric Strength 430 to 730 V/10 -3 in. 1.7 to 2.9 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.4.4 to 5.1 4.4 to 5.10.060 to 0.100 0.060 to 0.1000.10 to 0.60% 0.10 to 0.60%Typical Applications• Automotive – Fascias, padding, seats, gaskets,body panels, bumpers• Medical – Implantable devices, tubing,blood bags, dialysis membrane• Machinery – Bearings, nuts, wheels, seals, tubing• Consumer – Furniture padding, mattress goods,roller skate wheels, athletic shoes66The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)PolyurethaneUNFILLED RESIN(SHORE D)14 rmsROUGHENED167 rmsUV STABILIZER1% Tinuvin 328FLAME RETARDANT15% BT-932% Antimony OxidePLASTICIZER13% TP-95LUBRICANT #10.5% Mold Wiz INT-33PALUBRICANT #20.5% FS1235 SiliconeUNFILLED RESIN(SHORE A)Estrane 58630B.F. GoodrichLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened2001.43502.41000.72001.4500.32001.44503.12001.4Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive3502.413509.32001.44503.11501.08005.5>2250 † >850 †>15.5 † >5.9 †Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer14009.7195013.59506.6>1850 † >750 † >2150 † >2900 † >1300 †>12.8 † >5.2 † >14.8 † >20.0 † >9.0 †Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose3502.413009.01501.06004.11501.07004.812508.65503.8Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic3502.4150010.33502.4>1400 †>9.7 † 2001.49006.2>2650 † 450>18.3 † 3.1Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive11507.9170011.77505.2>1350 †>9.3 † 4503.1>1800 † >2350 † 800>12.4 † >16.2 † 5.5Pellethane 2363-55 courtesy of Dow ChemicalLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy2501.77505.23502.47004.87004.84002.87505.27505.25003.56004.18005.5Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive used in conjunction with Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, createdbonds which were stronger than the substrate for most of the polyurethane formulations which wereevaluated. Typically, the most of the adhesives tested achieved good bond strengths. Loctite ® 3651 and1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives achieved the lowest bond strengths on unfilled polyurethane.Surface TreatmentsThe use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, orLoctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, resulted in alarge, statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved on polyurethane. Surface rougheningalso resulted in a statistically significant increase in the bond strengths achieved on polyurethane for allthe adhesives which were evaluated.Other Important Information• Polyurethane can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives, so anyexcess adhesive should be removed from the surface immediately.• Polyurethane is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators before theadhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• Polyurethane is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based500.3Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive1000.7Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone9506.67004.82501.71000.3NOTES:† Due to the severe deformation of the block shearspecimens, testing was stopped before the actual bondstrength achieved by the adhesive could be determined(the adhesive bond never failed).The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 67

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Alpha• Fiberloc• Geon• Novablend• Polyvin• Quirvil• Superkleen• Tenneco• Unichem• VytheneManufacturerDexter PlasticsB. F. GoodrichB. F. GoodrichNovatec PlasticsA. SchulmanRukmianca SpAAlpha ChemicalRimtech CorporationColorite PlasticsAlpha ChemicalGeneral DescriptionPolyvinyl chloride, the most widely used of the vinyl resins, is formedvia the free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer.Unmodified PVC is a hard, brittle, glass-like material which isunsuitable for most engineering applications. However, the additionof plasticizers, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), give PVC sufficientflexibility to be used for many applications. PVC is one of the mosteconomical and versatile plastics in use today. It has become a verypopular construction material, with major applications includingpiping and home siding. Specialty grades available include impactmodified, filled, pigmented, and flame retarded. In 2004, the pricesof PVC ranged approximately from $0.60 to $1.50 per poundat truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolyvinyl chloride offers good physical properties at a fraction of thecost of some of the more expensive engineering resins. A widevariety of fillers and additives are commonly used with PVC to tailorits characteristics to meet the needs of the end user. PVC is resistantto water, weathering and corrosion, has a high strength-to-weightratio, and is a good electrical and thermal insulator. Most grades ofPVC are non-flammable and receive a UL94 rating of V-0. With amaximum recommended continuous service temperature no higherthan 220°F (104°C), PVC is not recommended for high temperatureapplications. It has good resistance to alcohols, mild acids andbases, and salts, but is attacked by halogenated hydrocarbons,phenols, ketones, esters, and ethers. PVC is easily processed by awide variety of thermoplastic methods, however, stabilizers must beadded to scavenge the HCl released during high temperatureprocessing which could degrade the resin.Typical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 315°F to 410°F 157°C to 210°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.005 in./in. 0.001 to 0.005 cm/cmMelting Point 270°F to 405°F 132°C to 207°CDensity 72.4 to 91.8 lb./ft. 3 1.16 to 1.47 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.3 to 7.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.9 to 5.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.1 to 7.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 5.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 5.0 to 500.0% 5.0 to 500.0%Tensile Modulus 2.7 to 4.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.9 to 3.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 10.7 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.5 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 3.0 to 5.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.1 to 3.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.5 to 10.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.6 to 7.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 17.6 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 95.0 kg cm/cmHardness A50 - A95 Rockwell A50 - A95 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.0 to 1.3 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.14 to 0.19 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature3.6 to 7.3 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 6.5 to 13.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI100°F to 311°F 38°C to 155°C113°F to 311°F 45°C to 155°C130°F to 220°F 54°C to 104°CDielectric Strength 350 to 725 V/10 -3 in. 1.4 to 2.8 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.9 to 5.2 3.9 to 5.20.019 to 0.090 0.019 to 0.0900.08 to 0.60% 0.08 to 0.60%Typical Applications• Construction – Water supply, agricultural irrigationand chemical processing piping, siding, window sashes,gutters, interior moldings, flooring• Packaging – Films for food wrap, bottles, food containers• Consumer goods – Furniture parts, wall coverings,upholstery, sporting goods, toys• Medical – Tubing, blood and solution bags,dialysis devices, connectors68The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Polyvinyl ChlorideUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED27 rmsUV STABILIZER1% UV-531IMPACT MODIFIER7% Paraloid BTA753FLAME RETARDANT0.3% Antimony OxideSMOKE SUPPRESSANT0.3% AmmoniumOctamolybdateLUBRICANT1% Calcium Stearate24-46FILLER% OmyaCarb FPLASTICIZER5% Drapex 6.8COLORANT0.5% FD&C Blue #1Oxychem 160 produced by Occidental ChemicalANTISTATIC1.5% Markstat AL48Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone>1600 >1600 >1600 >1100 >1600 1250>11.0 >11.0 >11.0 >7.6 >11.0 8.6>1600 >1600 >1600 >1600 >1600 >11.0 >11.0 >11.0 >11.0 >11.0 >3650 >1850 >2800 >4300 >3050 >3650 >3650 >4250 >2250 >3650 >3650 >25.2 >12.8 >19.3 >29.7 >21.0 >25.2 >25.2 >29.3 >15.5 >25.2 >25.2 >2850 >1400 >1400 >3650 >2850 >2850 >2850 >1750 >1550 >2850 >1200 >19.7 >9.7 >9.7 >25.2 >19.7 >19.7 >19.7 >12.1 >10.7 >19.7 >8.3 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >4400 >30.3 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2900 >20.0 >2650 >1550 >1850 1050 >2050 >1800 >1900 >2650 >1500 >1050 >900 >18.3 >10.7 >12.8 7.2 >14.1 >12.4 >13.1 >18.3 >10.3 >7.2 >6.2 >2550 >2550 >2550 >3000 >2550 >2550 >2550 >3150 >2550 >2550 >2550 >17.6 >17.6 >17.6 >20.7 >17.6 >17.6 >17.6 >21.7 >17.6 >17.6 >17.6 9506.6>2800 >19.3 235016.29006.2145010.04002.8160011.013509.32501.7NOTTESTED7004.83002.11000.71501.0>4300 >29.7 8505.910507.21501.0Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® , 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive, and Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® and 3105 Light Cure Adhesives all created bondswhich were stronger than the rigid PVC substrate for most of the formulations tested. Excellent bondstrength was also obtained on PVC by Loctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Loctite ® E-90FL and E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesives, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot MeltAdhesive and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber Repair.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening and/or the use of Loctite ® 770 or 7701 Prism ® Primers resulted in either nostatistically significant effect or in the rigid PVC failing at a statistically significant lower bond strengththan the untreated PVC.Other Important Information• PVC can be stress cracked by uncured cyanoacrylate adhesives, so any excess adhesiveshould be removed from the surface immediately.• PVC is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators before the adhesivehas cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface of the PVC immediately.• PVC is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.NOT TESTED: Substrate melted at adhesivecure temperature.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 69

Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN)ThermoplasticTrade Names Manufacturer• LuranBASF• LustranBayer Corporation• StyvexFerro Corporation• SuprelVista Chemical Company• TyrilDow ChemicalTypical Properties of Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN)American EngineeringSIProcessing Temperature 415°F to 515°F 213°C to 268°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.005 in./in. 0.001 to 0.005 cm/cmMelting Point 212°F to 480°F 100°C to 249°CGeneral DescriptionSAN is a high performance polymer of the styrene family, which isformed via the copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile monomers.The general properties of SAN are similar to polystyrene, but the additionof the polar acrylonitrile group adds superior chemical resistance, hightemperature performance, and toughness. Typical of copolymers, theproperties of SAN can be varied by changing the molecular weight andcomposition. An increase in the acrylonitrile content will improve theresin’s physical properties but will make processing more difficult anddecrease its transparency. SAN can be used as a color carrier for otherthermoplastics and as an additive to improve the flow characteristics ofABS, PVC, and some other resins. Specialty grades available includethose with UV stabilizers, elastomers, glass fibers, and flow aids. In2004, the price ranged approximately from $1.09 to $1.45 per poundat truckload quantities.General PropertiesThe major benefits of SAN are its stiffness, strength, and clarity.However, like polystyrene, SAN has a low impact strength, typically0.3 to 1.2 ft.-lb./in. The use of reinforcing fillers, such as glass fiber,can be used to increase its impact strength, as well as the heatresistance, hardness, and modulus of SAN. The continuous servicetemperature of SAN is dependent on the load and specific chemicalenvironment which it will be exposed to, normally varying between120°F (49°C) and 180°F (82°C). SAN plastics are chemically resistantto aliphatic hydrocarbons, battery acids, bases, and most detergents.However, they are attacked by aromatic and chlorinatedhydrocarbons, ketones, and esters.Density 65.6 to 87.4 lb./ft. 3 1.05 to 1.40 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 9.3 to 17.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 6.5 to 12.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 8.3 to 17.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 5.8 to 12.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 0.9 to 3.1% 0.9 to 3.1%Tensile Modulus 4.5 to 15.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 3.2 to 10.6 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 12.9 to 22.8 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 9.1 to 16.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 4.5 to 15.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 3.2 to 10.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 12.5 to 23.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 8.8 to 16.3 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 1.2 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 6.5 kg cm/cmHardness M80 - M98 Rockwell M80 - M98 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.4 to 2.2 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.20 to 0.32 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.5 to 3.8 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 2.7 to 6.8 cm/cm-°C x10 -5185°F to 226°F 85°C to 108°C210°F to 235°F 99°C to 113°C120°F to 180°F 49°C to 82°CDielectric Strength 490 to 520 V/10 -3 in. 1.9 to 2.0 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.7 to 3.7 2.7 to 3.70.008 to 0.010 0.008 to 0.0100.08 to 0.26% 0.08 to 0.26%Typical Applications• Appliances – Knobs, refrigerator compartments,blender and mixer bowls• Electronics – Cassette cases, meter lenses, tape windows• Medical – Syringe components, blood aspirators, dialyzer housings• Packaging – Cosmetic containers, closures, bottles, jars• Miscellaneous – Safety glazing, battery cases,typewriter keys, pen and pencil barrels70The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Styrene-AcrylonitrileUNFILLED RESIN3 rmsROUGHENED18 rmsUV STABILIZER0.31% Tinuvin 7700.31% Tinuvin 328FLAME RETARDANT4% Saytex HBCD-SF1% Antimony OxideIMPACT MODIFIER29% Paraloid EXL3330LUBRICANT0.1% Calcium Stearate24-46INTERNAL MOLDRELEASE5% Mold Wiz INT-33PAGLASS FILLER17% Glass Type 3540COLORANT1% OmniColor FuschiaLustran 31 Natural courtesy of Bayer Corporation Lustran 31 produced by MonsantoANTISTATIC3% Armostat 550Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber ToughenedLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface InsensitiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix AcrylicLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance EpoxyLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA BasedLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,PolyolefinLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,UrethaneLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone5003.5>850 >2050 500>5.9 >14.1 3.5>3800 >3800 >3800 1850>26.2 >26.2 >26.2 12.84503.111507.94503.1>3650 >3650 >5950 1550>25.2 >25.2 >41.0 10.78005.5280019.34503.1>3350 >23.1 150010.414009.7>2300 >15.9 2501.74002.82501.73502.48505.94503.11000.7500.3500.3>1300 >9.0 5503.84002.82001.48005.5>2900 2800>20.0 19.3>1200 800>8.3 5.510006.95003.57505.25003.55003.5>1850 >12.8 >3800 >3800 >3800 >3800 >3800 >3800 >26.2 >26.2 >26.2 >26.2 >26.2 >26.2 >1000 >1450 >750 450>6.9 >10.0 >5.2 3.1>2900 2800>19.3 19.34503.114009.74503.1>3650 >3650 >3650 >4550 >3650 >3650 >25.2 >25.2 >25.2 >31.4 >25.2 >25.2 >1100 800>7.6 5.5280019.38005.5175012.18005.5280019.3>900 800>6.2 5.5280019.3>3000 >20.7 Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives, and Loctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® LightCure Adhesive created bonds stronger than the SAN substrate for all the formulations which wereevaluated, with the exception of the formulation containing the flame retardant additive. Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive and Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive achieved the second highest bond strengths. The overallbondability of all the tested adhesives on various grades of SAN is very good with the exceptions beingLoctite ® 3651 and 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bond strengthsachieved on SAN. The use of Loctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction with Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesive with Loctite ® 7701 Prism ®Primer, caused a statistically significant decrease in the bond strengths achieved on SAN for all theformulations which were evaluated.Other Important Information• SAN is compatible with acrylic adhesives, but can be attacked by their activators before theadhesive has cured. Any excess activator should be removed from the surface immediately.• SAN is incompatible with anaerobic adhesives.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substrate failurebefore the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant decrease inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increase inthe bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 71

Vinyl EsterThermosetTrade Names• Acpol• Corezyn• Corrolite• Derakane• Hetron• Nupol• PolycorManufacturerCook CompositesInterplastic CorporationReichhold ChemicalDow ChemicalAshland Chemical CompanyCook CompositesIndustrial DielectricsGeneral DescriptionVinyl esters are unsaturated esters of epoxy resins which are usuallyglass filled to increase their rigidity and decrease their mold shrinkage.Such fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are usually formed by curing thevinyl ester in layers with variously configured sheets of glass. The glasssheets typically used are surfacing veils, chopped strands, choppedstrand mats, woven rovings, biaxial mats, continuous strands,unidirectional mats and/or a combination of these. Other specialtygrades available include UV absorbing, pigmented, and flame retardantgrades. In 2004, the price of vinyl esters ranged approximately from$1.50 to $2.00 per pound at truckload quantities.General PropertiesVinyl esters are known for their outstanding resistance to corrosionand a wide range of chemicals. Vinyl esters also have high impactstrengths, good elongations (3 to 10%), and high weight to strengthratios (SG = 1.1 to 1.3). The properties of vinyl ester resins areextremely versatile, and properties can be tailored to specificapplications by modifying the base resin and the composite glass fiberstructure. For example, by adding an elastomer to the bisphenol Abackbone, the tensile elongation, impact resistance, and abrasionresistance of vinyl esters are greatly increased. The addition of anepoxy novolac resin to its backbone results in superior oxidation, heat,and solvent resistance. The ignition resistance of vinyl esters is greatlyimproved by adding bromated resins to the polymer’s backbone and/orby adding antimony oxide. Unfilled vinyl esters are slow burning andhave low smoke emission. Vinyl esters are excellent electrical andthermal insulators and have outstanding resistance to thermal aging.Vinyl esters are chemically resistant to a wide variety of chemicals,including acids, alkalis, halogenated organics, caustics, and solvents.Typical Properties of Vinyl EsterAmerican EngineeringProcessing Temperature 250°F to 300°F 121°C to 149°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.0005 to 0.0010 in./in. 0.0005 to 0.0010 cm/cmMelting Point – –Density 64.3 to 71.2 lb./ft. 3 1.03 to 1.14 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 9.1 to 12.6 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 6.4 to 8.9 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 9.9 to 12.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.0 to 8.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 3.4 to 5.5% 3.4 to 5.5%Tensile Modulus 4.4 to 5.2 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 3.1 to 3.7 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 16.0 to 21.9 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 11.2 to 15.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 4.4 to 5.7 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 3.1 to 4.0 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 16.5 to 42.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 11.6 to 29.5 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.4 to 0.6 ft.-lb./in. 2.2 to 3.2 kg cm/cmHardness M110 - M115 Rockwell M110 - M115 RockwellThermal Conductivity – –Linear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature1.8 to 2.1 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 3.2 to 3.8 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI200°F to 248°F 93°C to 220°C– –– –Dielectric Strength 400 to 470 V/10 -3 in. 1.6 to 1.8 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.2.8 to 3.5 2.8 to 3.50.002 to 0.020 0.002 to 0.0200.10 to 0.30% 0.10 to 0.30%Typical Applications• Chemical – Adsorption towers, process vessels,storage equipment tanks piping, hood scrubbers• Miscellaneous – Sheet molding compounds,electrical equipment, flooring, fans72The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ADHESIVE SHEAR STRENGTH(psi)(MPa)Vinyl EsterDEREKANE 411-45Vinyl Ester Resin withC-Glass Veil, 15 rmscourtesy of Dow Chemical411-45 ROUGHENEDVinyl Ester Resin withC-Glass Veil, 27 rmsDEREKANE 470-36High Temperature /Corrosion Resistant Gradewith C-Glass VeilC-695 BLACK 22920 to 30% Glass FiberMineral Filled courtesy ofAmerican CyanamidLoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant Adhesive,Rubber Toughened9506.6195013.55503.8>1650 >11.4 Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,Surface InsensitiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ®Instant Adhesive, Surface Insensitive190013.1190013.1>2200 >2100 >15.2 >14.5 Loctite ® 401 Prism ®Loctite ® 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer8005.58005.56504.57505.2Loctite ® 414 Super Bonder ®Instant Adhesive, General Purpose195013.5195013.5>2450 >1850 >16.9 >12.8 Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive,Two-Part No-Mix Acrylic4002.810006.93502.46004.1Loctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure Adhesive195013.5195013.5150010.3175012.1Derekane 411-350M courtesy of Dow Chemical CompanyLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure Adhesive,UV Cationic EpoxyLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, General PurposeLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive, Metal BonderLoctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin BonderLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Low OdorLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,FlexibleLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Glass BonderMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Glass BonderLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,Fast SettingMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive,High Strength5003.5>2850 >19.7 145010.013009.0215014.87505.2>1150 >7.9 >2150 >14.8 >2300 >15.9 10006.9Adhesive PerformanceLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesive, Loctite ® E-90FL , E-30CL and E-20HP Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesives, Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive, Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot MeltAdhesive, and Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy all achieved bond strengths which weregreater than the grade of vinyl ester tested. The overall bondability of vinyl ester is good to excellent.The exceptions are the Loctite ® 3651 , 7804 , and 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives and Loctite ®5900 ® Flange Sealant.Surface TreatmentsSurface roughening caused either no effect or a statistically significant increase in the bondstrengths achieved on vinyl ester. The use of Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, in conjunction withLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive, or Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Medical Device Instant Adhesivewith Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® Primer, caused a statistically significant decrease in the bondability of allthe grades of vinyl ester which were evaluated.Other Important Information• Vinyl ester is compatible with all Loctite ® brand adhesives, sealants,primers, and activators.• Surface cleaners: isopropyl alcohol, Loctite ® ODC-Free Cleaner & Degreaser.Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy>2600 >17.9 Loctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,EVA Based1000.7Loctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Polyolefin500.3Loctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive2001.4Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive,Urethane>2800 >19.3 Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane Adhesive,High StrengthLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane Adhesive, Fast SettingLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant,Heavy Body RTV Silicone>1200 >8.3 >1050 >7.2 2001.4NOTES: The force applied to the tests specimens exceededthe strength of the material resulting in substratefailure before the actual bond strength achieved by theadhesive could be determined.NOTES:The addition of the indicated additive (or surfaceroughening) caused a statistically significant increasein the bond strength within 95% confidence limits.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 73

Stress Cracking Resistance of Various PlasticsCyanoacrylatesAcrylicsAcrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Acetal Acrylic (PMMA) Acrylic-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA) Allylic Ester (DAP, DAIP) Cellulosic (CAP) Epoxy Fluoropolymers (PTFE, FEP, PFA, ETFE) Ionomer Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) Phenolic Polyamide (Nylon) Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Polycarbonate (PC) Polyester, Thermoset Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Polyetherimide (PEI) Polyethersulfone (PES) Polyethylene (PE) Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polyimide (PI) Polymethylpentene (PMP) Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO) Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) Polypropylene (PP) Polystyrene (PS) Polyurethane (PU) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Styrene-Acryonitrile (SAN) Vinyl Ester Legend = - Normally Compatible - Should Be Tested74The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Surface TreatmentsAdhesive AbradingAdhesive abrading is performed by abrading the plastic’s surface priorto the presence of liquid adhesive. Two of the abraded, adhesivecoatedadherends are then mated, and the adhesive is allowed to cure.This increases the bond strengths achieved on PTFE by approximately700 percent. It is speculated that when abrasion is carried out in thepresence of the adhesive, free radicals are created which react directlywith the adhesive. This does not normally occur because the freeradicals are scavenged by the oxygen present in air, or decay, beforethe adhesive is applied.Common uses: FluorocarbonsChromic Acid EtchingChromic acid etching increases the bondability of a plastic byintroducing reactive sites, such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid,and SO 2 H groups, to the plastic’s surface and forming root-like cavitieswhich provide sites for mechanical interlocking. The effects of thistreatment vary from substrate to substrate. For example, increasingthe etch time and temperature increase only the etch depth whenetching polypropylene. On the other hand, both the degree of oxidationand etch depth increase with time for polyethylene.Common uses: Polyolefins, ABS, Polystyrene, Polyphenyloxide, AcetalsCorona DischargeIn a corona discharge process, the plastic is exposed to an electricaldischarge, usually in the presence of air and at atmospheric pressureso as to create a plasma “field.” This roughens the surface, whichprovides sites for mechanical interlocking, and introduces reactive siteson the plastic’s surface, consequently increasing the wettability andreactivity of the surface. The reactive functionalities which are theorizedto be introduced to the surface may include, but are not proven to be,carbonyl, hydroxyl, hydroperoxide, aldehyde, ether, ester, and carboxylicacid groups, as well as unsaturated bonds.Common uses: PolyolefinsFlame TreatmentFlame treatment increases the bondability of a plastic by oxidizing thesurface through brief exposure to flame. The oxidation is proceeded bya free radical mechanism, accompanied by chain scissions and somecrosslinking. The functionalities introduced by oxidation are hydroxyl,carbonyl, carboxyl, and amide groups with a typical oxidation depth ofapproximately 4 to 9 nanometers. The improved bondability results fromincreased wettability, due to increased surface energy, and interfacialdiffusivity, caused by chain scissions.Common uses: Polyolefins, Polyacetals, Polyethylene TerephthalateIodine TreatmentIodine treatment increases the bond strengths achieved on a substrateby altering the surface crystallinity from alpha form (where the N-Hgroups lie parallel to the surface) to beta form (where the N-H groupsstand perpendicular to the surface). The surface remains relativelysmooth after treatment, so it is believed that increased chemicalreactivity, rather than mechanical interlocking, is the mechanism forimproved adhesion.Common uses: NylonPlasma TreatmentPlasma treatment increases the bondability of a substrate bybombarding the substrate surface with ions of a gas, such as Ar 2 ,He 2 ,N 2 , and O 2 at low pressure. Several mechanisms have beenproposed to explain the enhanced bondability created by plasmatreating. For example, plasma treatment is hypothesized to crosslinkthe substrate’s surface, which strengthens the joint boundary andprevents a thin layer of substrate from peeling off. In addition, thesurface oxidation caused by plasma treatment is thought to introducereactive functionalities which then increase the surface’s reactivityand wettability. Another theory attributes plasma treatment’seffectiveness to an increased interfacial diffusion which is created bychain scissions in the substrate’s surface. Chain scissions increasethe interfacial diffusion by lowering the surface viscosity andincreasing the molecular mobility of the plastic’s surface.Common uses: Polyolefins, Polyesters, many morePrimersPrimers typically consist of a reactive chemical species dispersed in asolvent. To use the primer, the solution is brushed or sprayed onto thesubstrate surface. The carrier solvent is then allowed to flash off,leaving the active species behind. Depending on the type of primer,the surface may be ready to bond immediately, as in the case ofpolyolefin primers for cyanoacrylates, or may require time to reactwith atmospheric moisture before the application of the adhesive.Primers that must react with atmospheric moisture include silane andisocyanate-based primers which are typically used for silicone andpolyurethane-based adhesives respectively. Surface primers generallyimprove substrate bondablility by acting as a chemical bridgebetween the substrate and the adhesive. Typically, the reactivespecies in a primer will be multifunctional, with one set of reactivegroups that will preferentially react with the substrate surface, andadditional groups that will have a high affinity for the adhesive.Common uses: Acetals, Fluoropolymers, Polybutylene, Terephthalate,Polyolefins, Polyurethanes, SiliconesThe Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 75

Sodium TreatmentSodium treatment is carried out by immersing the substrate in anaggressive etching solution containing either a sodium-naphthalenecomplex dissolved in tetrahydrofuran or a sodium-ammonia complexdissolved in ammonia. The etching process results in the dissolutionof the amorphous regions of the substrate’s surface, consequentlyincreasing the substrate’s surface roughness and potential formechanical interlocking. Moreover, sodium treatment introducesunsaturated bonds, carbonyl groups, and carboxyl groups to thesubstrate’s surface, which increases the substrate’s reactivity andwettability. Due to carbonaceous residue which results from thedefluorination of the surface, sodium treatment darkens the surfaceto an approximate depth of 1 micrometer. The on-part life of thetreatment is very long (years), however, heating and UV exposurerapidly degrade the treated surface. Major disadvantages of usingsodium treatments are extended exposure to the solution will resultin a substantial degradation of the substrate’s surface, the etchantsare highly hazardous, and the solution degrades very rapidly in thepresence of oxygen.Common uses: FluorocarbonsSurface GraftingSurface grafting is accomplished by grafting a chemical species to thesubstrate’s surface which increases the substrate’s bondability. Forexample, polyethylene can be exposed to gamma radiation in thepresence of vinyl acetate monomer, which then becomes chemicallygrafted to the polyethylene surface.Common uses: Vinylic Compounds on PolyolefinsSurface RougheningSurface roughening is a simple, low cost method of increasing thebondability of many plastics. Surface roughening increases thebondability by dramatically increasing the number of mechanicalinterlocking sites.Common uses: Effective for many plasticsThermal TreatmentThermal treatment increases the bondability of plastics by exposingthe plastic to a blast of hot air (approximately 500°C), which oxidizesthe surface. This mainly introduces carbonyl, carboxyl, and amidegroups to the surface, but some hydroperoxide groups are alsoformed. Very similar to flame treatments, this process also utilizes afree radical mechanism accompanied by chain scission and somecrosslinking. The improved bondability results from increasedwettability, due to the introduction of polar groups, and interfacialdiffusivity, caused by chain scissions.Common uses: PolyolefinsTranscrystalline GrowthTranscrystalline growth improves bondability of a plastic by moldingadherends against a high energy metallic substrate that inducestrancrystalline growth in the plastic’s surface regions. The metallicsubstrate induces the formation of crystallites at the plastic’s surfaceand results in rod-like or columnar spherulites that form inward fromthe interface. This is thought to strengthen the surface by driving lowmolecular weight material into the interior. In addition, some metallicsubstrates may oxidize the plastic’s surface, resulting in a substantialincrease in the reactivity and wettability of the plastic’s surface. Theeffectiveness of this treatment is dependent on such moldingconditions as the cooling rate and mold surface.Common uses: Polyolefins, Polyamides, PolyurethanesUV ExposureUV exposure increases the bondability of plastics by irradiating themwith high intensity UV light. However, the effectiveness of UV exposureis very dependent on the wavelength of light being used. For example,light with a wavelength of 184 nm will crosslink the surface ofpolyethylene, while light at 253.7 nm will not. UV irradiation causeschain scissions, crosslinking and oxidation of the polymer’s surface,even in inert gases. Many different mechanisms describing why UVexposure increases the bondability of plastics have been proposed,including: increasing the wettability; strengthening the plastic’sboundary layer through crosslinking; and inducing hydrogen bonding.The predominant view is that the bondability is improved by theformation of polymeric scission products, which promote interfacialflow, interdiffusion, and polar interactions.Common uses: Polyolefins76The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Adhesive Joint DesignIntroductionIn this section, the terms and concepts related to joint design aredivided into three categories which include:• Types of Joints• Joint Stress Distribution• Design GuidelinesSCARF JOINT: A scarf joint is an angular butt joint. Cuttingthe joint at an angle increases the surface area.Before looking at different types of joints, a few termsneed to be explained:Joint: A joint is the location where an adhesive joins two substrates.Joint Geometry: Joint geometry refers to the general shape of anadhesive bond. Is the shape of the bond long and narrow, short andwide, thick or thin?STRAP JOINT (SINGLE OR DOUBLE): A strap joint is a combinationoverlap joint with a butt joint.Types of JointsThe specific types of joints which will be examined in thissection include:• Lap/Overlap• Joggle Lap• Butt Joint• Scarf Joint• Strap/Double Strap• CylindricalLAP/OVERLAP JOINT: A lap joint, also called an overlap joint, isformed by placing one substrate partially over another substrate.CYLINDRICAL JOINT: A cylindrical joint uses a butt joint to join twocylindrical objects.JOGGLE LAP JOINT: The joggle lap joint is an offset joint andis very similar to the lap joint.BUTT JOINT: A butt joint is formed by bonding two objects end to end.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 77

Joint Stress DistributionJoint stress distribution is the location of stresses within a bond.PEEL STRESS: A peel stress occurs when a flexible substrate is beinglifted or peeled from the other substrate.NOTE: The stress is concentrated at one end.Stress: Usually expressed as Newtons per square meter (N/M 2 ),which is equivalent to a Pascal (Pa.) In the English system, stressis normally expressed in pounds per square inch (psi).Types of StressesThere are several types of stresses commonly found in adhesivebonds which include:• Shear• Tensile• Compressive• Peel• CleavageSHEAR STRESS: A shear stress results intwo surfaces sliding over one another.CLEAVAGE STRESS: A cleavage stress occurs when rigid substratesare being opened at one end.NOTE: The stress is concentrated at one end.TENSION AND COMPRESSION STRESS DISTRIBUTION: When a bondexperiences either a tensile or a compressive stress, the joint stressdistribution is illustrated as a straight line. The stress is evenly distributedacross the entire bond. Tensile stress also tends to elongate an object.78The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

TitleDesign GuidelinesEngineers must have a good understanding of how stress isdistributed across a joint which is under an applied force. There areseveral design guidelines which should be considered when designingan adhesive joint.Bond Shear Strength Width vs OverlapAs a general rule, increase the joint width rather than the overlap area(“wider is better”).• Maximize Shear/Minimize Peel and CleavageNote from the stress distribution curve for cleavage and peel, thatthese bonds do not resist stress very well. The stress is located atone end of the bond line. Whereas, in the case of shear, both endsof the bond resist the stress.• Maximize Compression/Minimize TensileNote from the stress distribution curve for compression andtension, that stress was uniformly distributed across the bond. Inmost adhesive films, the compressive strength is greater than thetensile strength. An adhesive joint which is feeling a compressiveforce is less likely to fail than a joint undergoing tension.• Joint Width More Important Than OverlapNote from the shear stress distribution curve, that the ends of thebond resist a greater amount of stress than does the middle of thebond. If the width of the bond is increased, the bond area at eachend also increases; the overall result is a stronger joint.In this same overlap joint, if the overlapping length is greatlyincreased, there is little, if any, change in the bond strength. Thecontribution of the ends is not increased. The geometry of the endshas not changed, thus their contribution to the bond strength hasnot changed.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 79

Processor Rules for Good Adhesive AssemblyRichard Thompson, Senior Product Engineer (Retired)There’s more to reliable adhesive assemblythan picking the right adhesive. Processorswith assembly operations will boost theirquality batting average by understanding allthe ground rules.Today’s new and better plastic materials offer plastic-parts assemblersmany opportunities to produce more reliable and durable products,often at lower cost. These new materials call for techniques that differgreatly from those used with traditional materials.Assemblers must understand that plastics, compared to traditionalmaterials, such as metals, have lower tensile strength, are usually moreflexible, have higher coefficients of expansion, and often are harder toadhere to. These differences greatly influence the way joints aredesigned and adhesives are selected.Why plastic fails before jointThe lower tensile strengths of plastics make it common to createbonded joints that are stronger than the plastic itself. Consider a jointbetween two strips of plastic 1 inch wide x 1 ⁄8 inch thick, as illustratedon page 81. Because of the large joint overlap, the substrate will failbefore the bond. The same overall assembly strength could be achievedwith an overlap of only 0.58 inch.Flex modulus stresses jointsWith an elastic modulus of about 300,000 psi, a typical unreinforcedplastic part is over 100 times more flexible than steel for identicallyshaped components. In designing lap joints, this added flexibility meansthat more bending and differential shearing will occur in the bondedjoint as the assembly is placed under load.This flexibility leads to increased stress concentration near the ends ofthe overlap. However, the stress ratios of plastic overlap joints are fargreater than those of steel joints (see table below). Theseconcentrations can lead to joint failure at relatively low loads.The disadvantages of these high stress concentrations can be reducedeffectively in many cases by careful selection of the other joint designparameters. Most important among these are: the elastic modulus ofthe adhesive, length of the overlap, and thickness of the bondlinebetween the two substrates (see drawing on page 81).A lower modulus adhesive reduces stress concentrations byaccommodating the relative motion of the two substrates with greatershear compliance (see table below). The extreme case is when arubbery adhesive is used. Such an adhesive is so flexible that sheardeformations can be accommodated without creating significant stressconcentrations. But an adhesive this flexible may not be able toaccommodate the structural loads on an actual assembly withoutexcessive deformation.This situation shows why adhesive manufacturers often report“substrate failure” in a table of bonding strengths on plastics. Most ofthe standard test methods were originally designed for metals and haveno instructions for adjusting the bond area used according to the tensilestrength of the material.Effects of Bondline GapBondline Gap (Inches) Stress Ratio (Maximum)0.001 18.400.002 13.000.005 8.310.010 5.930.020 4.250.040 3.06Effects of Substrate ModulusMaterial Modulus psi Stress RatioSteelGlass-filledPlasticUnfilled30,7000,000 1.691,000,000 7.77Plastic 300,000 13.03Effects of Joint OverlapOverlap Length (Inches) Stress Ratio (Maximum)1.000 22.500.500 13.000.250 7.170.125 3.78Effects of Adhesive ModulusAdhesive Modulus (psi) Stress Ratio (Maximum)300,000 22.40100,000 13.0350,000 9.2720,000 5.93200 1.13Constants for TablesAdhesive Modulus = 100,000 psiOverlap= 0.5 in.Bondline= 0.002 in.Load= 100 lbs.Substrate Thickness = 0.125 in.Substrate Modulus = 300,000 psi80The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Shortening bond overlaps reduces both the bending and the differentialshearing effects which are present in lap joints (see table on page 80).If larger bond areas are needed to carry the load, it is better to increasebond width rather than bond overlap. Increased width adds very little tostress distribution in the bond.Thicker bondlines make the joint more compliant to shear stress. Theextra thickness spreads the shear strain over a larger dimension,resulting in less unit strain on the adhesive and, therefore, less stressconcentration (see table on page 80). This is similar to using a lowermodulus adhesive; a more compliant joint results in both cases.By using a combination of the methods described previously, stressconcentrations in plastic lap joints can be reduced to levels comparableto those in steel joints. For example, a joint made with an adhesivehaving a modulus of 20,000 psi, and overlap of 0.25 inch and a bondlinethickness of 0.010 inch would have a maximum stress factor of 1.64.This compares favorably with the value for a typical bonded steel joint.Good wet out gives good bondGood wetting of the substrate surface is essential for developingreliable bonds. Adhesives that do not wet the surface will not spreadout and fill substrate surface irregularities.Wetting occurs when the surface tension of the liquid adhesive islower than the critical surface tension of the substrates being bonded.If this condition is not met, the liquid does not spread, but forms around droplet on the surface, much like water beads up on a newlywaxedcar.Wetting of plastic surfaces is much more complex than wetting cleanmetal surfaces. Plastics and adhesives are both polymeric materialsand thus have similar physical properties, including wetting tensions.Plastic bonded joints do not have the large difference between thecritical surface tension of the substrate and that of the adhesive, whichinsures wetting for metals. In addition, many plastics have notoriouslylow critical wetting tensions. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP),with critical surface tensions of 31 and 29 dynes/cm respectively,present serious wetting challenges for most adhesives. Other plasticssuch as polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) have highercritical surface tensions and present less of a problem.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 81

When poor wetting occurs, there are methods to treat the surface forbetter bonding. One of these is simply cleaning and abrading the surface.The most common procedure is a solvent wipe, followed by abrasion andthen a final solvent wipe. The solvent selected should not craze or softenthe plastic. Grit blasting is the most effective abrasion method, althoughusing aluminum oxide cloth also works well. Sandpaper should not beused because it often contains lubricants to assist in finishing wood. Thefinal solvent rinse removes residue from abrasion.Using cleaning and abrasion first insures that wetting problems are notcaused by surface contamination. Another potential benefit is thatremoving the surface layer of plastic may expose material with betterwetting characteristics due to a different crystalline microstructure.Flame treatment is often used to change the surface characteristics ofplastics. It involves passing the surface of the plastic through theoxidizing portion of a natural gas flame. The surface is rapidly meltedand quenched by the process; some oxidation of the surface may occurat the same time. Exposure to the flame is only a few seconds.Flame treatment is widely used for PE and PP, but has also beenapplied to other plastics, including thermoplastic polyester, polyacetal,and polyphenylene sulfide. Specially designed gas burners are availablefor this process, but butane torches can be used for laboratory trials.Chemical surface treatments have often been used to improve thebonding of plastics. The most common involve strong oxidating agentssuch as chromic acid to etch the surface. While often effective, thesemethods are difficult to justify economically due to the cost ofmaintaining tanks and chemical solutions.Plasma surface treatment is a relatively new technology for improvingwetting on plastic surfaces. In this process, parts are exposed to ionizedgases generated by radio frequency energy in a sealed chamber underextremely low pressures. By selecting appropriate gases and exposureconditions, the surface can be cleaned, etched, or chemically activated.Results include significant differences in surface wetting (see photo),and a two to threefold increase in bond shear strength.Because plasma treatment involves a closed and evacuated chamber,the process is excellent for treating large numbers of small, high-valueparts at one time. It is harder to economically justify for larger partssince fewer can be treated in the same cycle.Visual observation is often enough to determine if wetting is adequate,but it is sometimes desirable to measure the value. One test is theASTM D2578, “Wetting Tension of Polyethylene and Polypropylenefilms.” This method uses a series of test liquids with known surfacetensions to determine the level required to just wet the surface. Thecritical wetting tension of a surface is approximated by the surfacetension of the fluid selected. Although this method is intended for PEand PP, the same type of procedure can be used on other plastics.Adhesive/plastic fit is a mustWhen bonding metals and other inorganic materials, the issue ofadhesive-substrate compatibility seldom arises. Cases of damage tothese materials are few, and generally are the result of some unusualinteractions. However, when bonding plastics, care must be taken toavoid stress cracking, which can occur when incompatible adhesivesare applied to the surface of a stressed plastic part.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and other fluoropolymers are oftentreated with etching solutions based on dispersions of metallic sodiumin organic solvents. This method dramatically improves surfacewetting characteristics, and the plastic can readily be bonded usinga wide range of adhesives. In some cases, PTFE pre-treated in thisway can be purchased.82The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Softening and weakening of the surface occur, leading to the formationof cracks. Liquid adhesive may penetrate into the crack causing furtherdamage. Eventually, the crack may propagate through the entire partand cause failure.The following are some guidelines that will help to minimize thepotential for stress cracking:• Work with parts that are in a low stress condition. Molded-instresses can be reduced by modifying the molding cycle orannealing parts after molding.• Use the minimum quantity of adhesive required and cure it asquickly as possible, cleaning up any excess adhesive at once.Cured adhesive will not cause cracking.• Use only cleaning solvents/primers compatible with the plastics.• Do not use anaerobic threadlocking compounds withcrack-susceptible plastics. Uncured adhesive outsidethe threaded joint combined with high stresses caused by thethreads almost guarantees stress cracking will occur.• When in doubt, consult adhesive suppliers.Expansion rate must be similarWhen materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE)are joined, shear stresses result when the assembly is heated orcooled. With plastics, extreme differences can occur. For example, asheet of G-10 epoxy glass laminate with a CTE of 5x10 -6 in./in./°Fbonded to acrylic with a CTE of 60x10 -6 will result in rapid stressincreases due to the twelvefold difference in expansion rate.If expansion problems cannot be solved by revising material selections,using thicker bondlines and more flexible adhesives can help reduceproblems. However, a thin film of adhesive between two components isonly a small part of the total assembled joint, and as such, it isincapable of restraining or accommodating large relative motionsbetween substrates.Coefficient of Thermal Expansionfor Various MaterialsMaterialThermal Expansion10 -6 in./in./°FPolyethylene 167Cellulose Acetate 90Acrylic 60Polypropylene 58Thermoplastic Polyester (PBT) 53Nylon 50Styrene 48Acetal 45Polycarbonate 38Polysulfone 31Polyphenylene Sulfide 3030% Glass-Filled Nylon 25Phenolic 23Zinc 15Aluminum 13Copper 1240% Glass-Filled Polycarbonate 9Steel 7Glass 5Graphite 2Reprinted from May 1985 issue of Plastics WorldBy taking into consideration the differences between plastics, and thecompatibility of various adhesives, product assemblers can producebonded joints that improve product performance while reducingmanufacturing costs.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 83

Test MethodologyDetermining The Experimental MatrixThe Selection of AdhesivesIt was desired to evaluate adhesives from all families that are bestsuited for bonding plastics. The families were identified as ethylcyanoacrylates, light cure, two part and no mix acrylics, silicones, hotmelts, epoxies, polyurethanes, and static mix acrylics. From each ofthese categories, an adhesive was then selected which was believedto be representative of the performance of that family of adhesiveswhen bonding plastics. The adhesives which were selected aretabulated below:The Selection of PlasticsThe various types of plastics which are currently available weresurveyed, and thirty of the most commonly used plastic types wereselected for testing. The specific formulations of these plastics whichwere evaluated were chosen in one of the two following ways:Specialty FormulationsSeventeen of the thirty materials were compounded specifically todetermine the effect different additives and fillers had on thebondability of the base resin using the following procedure:ADHESIVELoctite ® 380 Black Max ® Instant AdhesiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® Instant AdhesiveLoctite ® 401 Prism ® and 770 Prism ® PrimerMEDICAL: Loctite ® 4011 Prism ® /Loctite ® 7701 Prism ® PrimerLoctite ® 414 Super Bonder ® Instant AdhesiveLoctite ® 330 Depend ® AdhesiveLoctite ® 3105 Light Cure Adhesive,MEDICAL: Loctite ® 3311 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 3340 Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure AdhesiveFLUORESCENT: Loctite ® 4307 Flashcure ®Light Cure AdhesiveLoctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural AdhesiveLoctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural AdhesiveLoctite ® 3030 AdhesiveLoctite ® E-00CL Hysol ® Epoxy AdhesiveLoctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy AdhesiveLoctite ® E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy AdhesiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-31CL Hysol ®Epoxy AdhesiveLoctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy AdhesiveMEDICAL: Loctite ® M-21HP Hysol ®Epoxy AdhesiveLoctite ® E-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy AdhesiveLoctite ® 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3651 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 7804 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt AdhesiveLoctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® Urethane AdhesiveLoctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber RepairOEM: Loctite ® U-04FL Hysol ®Urethane AdhesiveLoctite ® 5900 ® Flange SealantDESCRIPTIONRubber-toughenedethyl instant adhesiveSurface insensitiveethyl instant adhesivesSurface insensitive ethyl adheisvesused in conjunction withpolyolefin primerGeneral-purposeethyl instant adhesiveTwo-part, no-mix acrylic adhesiveLight curing acrylic adhesivesLight cure adhesiveLight cure adhesivesTwo-part acrylic adhesiveTwo-part acrylic adhesivePolyolefin bonderFast setting epoxy adhesiveTough, flexible epoxy adhesiveClear, glass bondingepoxy adhesiveHigh strength epoxy adhesivesOne component heat cureepoxy adhesiveEVA hot melt epoxy adheisvePolyolefin hot melt epoxy adhesivePolyamide hot melt adhesiveReactive urethane hotmelt adhesiveTwo-part high performanceurethane adhesiveRapid rubber repairurethane adhesiveOEM: Two-part fast settingurethane adhesiveHeavy body RTV flange sealant1. A grade of the plastic which had no fillers or additives wasselected and tested for bond strength performance with theaforementioned adhesives.2. The most common additives and fillers used with each plasticwere identified.3. A separate formulation of the plastic was compounded witha high fill level of each of the identified common additivesand fillers.4. Adhesive bond strength evaluations were performed on thevarious formulations which were compounded.5. The results were analyzed to determine if the filler or additiveresulted in a statistically significant change in the bondabilityof the plastic from the unfilled resin within 95% confidence limits.Commercially Available GradesFor thirteen of the thirty plastics, commercially available grades wereselected to represent each major category available for that plastic.For example, when testing ionomer, grades were evaluated whichrepresented each of the major cation types. Moreover, whileevaluating phenolics, a grade was selected to represent each of theend use applications, such as general-purpose, glass-filled, heatresistant, and electric grades.84The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Determining The Test MethodThe lap shear test method ASTM D1002 is typically used todetermine adhesive shear strengths. However, because it wasdesigned for use with metals, it has several serious limitations whenevaluating plastics. For example, because plastics have much lowertensile strength than metals, the plastic lap shear specimens aremuch more likely to experience substrate failure than the metal lapshear specimens. This makes the comparative analysis of differentadhesives on a plastic very difficult because many of the adhesiveswill achieve substrate failure, rendering it impossible to identify theadhesive best suited for that material. Another major disadvantageto using the lap shear test method is that because plastics havemuch lower modulii than metals, they deform more during testing,which introduces peel and cleavage forces on the joint.Consequently, the lower the modulus of the plastic, the more it willdeform under load, and the less representative the experimentalshear strength will be of the actual shear strength which shouldhave been achieved on that material.Due to these limitations, a block shear test method (ASTM D4501) waschosen. Since block shear testing places the load on a thicker sectionof the test specimen, the specimen can withstand higher loads beforeexperiencing substrate failure. In addition, due to the geometry of thetest specimens and the block shear fixture, peel and cleavage forces inthe joint are minimized.LimitationsWhile the bond strengths in this guide give a good indication of thetypical bond strengths that can be achieved with many plastics, aswell as the effect of many fillers and additives, they also face severallimitations. For example, while the additives and fillers were selectedbecause they were believed to be representative of the mostcommonly used additives and fillers, there are many types of eachadditive and filler produced by many different companies, and differenttypes of the same additive or filler may not have the same effect onthe bondability of a material. In addition, the additives and fillers weretested individually in this guide, so the effect of interactions betweenthese different fillers and additives on the bondability of materialscould not be gauged.Another consideration that must be kept in mind when using this datato select an adhesive/plastic combination is how well the block sheartest method will reflect the stresses that an adhesively bonded jointwill see in “real world” applications. Adhesively bonded joints aredesigned to maximize tensile and compressive stresses, and tominimize peel and cleavage stresses, so the magnitude of the formertwo are generally much larger than the latter two. Thus, the shearstrength of an adhesive is generally most critical to adhesive jointperformance, but since all joints experience some peel and cleavagestresses, their effects should not be disregarded.Finally, selecting the best adhesive for a given application involvesmore than selecting the adhesive which provides the highest bondstrength. Other factors such as speed of cure, environmentalresistance, thermal resistance, suitability for automation, and price willplay a large role in determining the optimum adhesive system for agiven application. It is suggested that the reader refer to the chapterswhich explain the properties of the various adhesives in greater detailbefore choosing the best adhesive for an application.Although there are some limitations to the degree the informationprovided in this guide can be extrapolated, the data contained hereshould be invaluable in helping the end user quickly make comparativeevaluations of the bond strengths that various adhesive/plasticcombinations provide. Once the most promising combinations ofadhesives and plastics have been identified, it is important that testingbe performed on assemblies to insure that they will meet or exceed allperformance requirements.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 85

Test MethodsSubstrate Preparation1. Substrates were cut into 1" x 1" x 0.125" block sheartest specimens.2. All bonding surfaces were cleaned with isopropyl alcohol.Surface Roughness1. The test specimens were manually abradedusing a 3M Heavy-Duty Stripping Pad.2. The surface roughness was determined using a Surfanalyzer4000 with a traverse distance of 0.03 in. and a traverse speedof 0.01 in. per second.Adhesive Application and Cure MethodCYANOACRYLATES(Loctite ® 380 Black Max ® , 401 Prism ® ,4011 Prism ® and 414 Super Bonder ® Instant Adhesives)1. Adhesive was applied in an even film to one test specimen.2. A second test specimen was mated to the first witha 0.5" overlap (bond area = 0.5 in. 2 ).3. The block shear assembly was clamped with two Brink andCotton No. 1 clamps.4. The bonded assembly was allowed to cure at ambient conditionsfor 1 week before testing.CYANOACRYLATES WITH POLYOLEFIN PRIMERS(Loctite ® 401 Prism ® Instant Adhesive andLoctite ® 770 Prism ® Primer)1. Polyolefin primer was brushed onto each bonding surface.2. The polyolefin primer’s carrier solvent was allowed to flash off.3. Adhesive was applied in an even film to one substrate.4. The second test specimen was mated to the first witha 0.5" overlap (bond area = 0.5 in. 2 ).5. The block shear assembly was clamped with two Brink andCotton No. 1 clamps.6. The bonded assembly was allowed to cure at ambient conditionsfor 1 week before testing.TWO-PART, NO-MIX ACRYLIC(Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive)1. Loctite ® 7387 Depend ® Activator was sprayedon one test specimen.2. The activator’s carrier solvent was allowed to flash off formore than two minutes.3. Loctite ® 330 Depend ® Adhesive was applied in an evenfilm to a second test specimen.4. Within 30 minutes, the second test specimen was mated tothe first with a 0.5" overlap (bond area = 0.5 in. 2 ).5. The block shear assembly was clamped with two Brink andCotton No. 1 clamps.6. The bonded assembly was allowed to cure at ambientconditions for one week before testing.LIGHT CURE ADHESIVES(Loctite ® 3105 and 3340 Light Cure Adhesives andLoctite ® 4305 Flashcure ® Light Cure Adhesives)1. Adhesive was applied in an even film to one test specimen.2. A UV transparent, medical polycarbonate 1" x 1" x 0.125" testspecimen was cleaned with isopropyl alcohol.3. The second test specimen was mated to the firstwith a 0.5" overlap (bond area = 0.5 in. 2 ).4. The block shear assembly was irradiated (through thepolycarbonate) by an ultraviolet light source for 30 seconds tocure the adhesive. The ultraviolet light source used was a FusionUV Curing System, equipped with an H-bulb having an irradianceof approximately 100 mW/cm 2 @ 365 nm.5. The assembly was left at ambient conditionsfor one week prior to testing.86The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Block Shear Test Method1. Assemblies were tested on an Instron 4204 mechanicalproperties tester, equipped with a 50 kN load cell, and a pullspeed of 0.05" per minute.2. Five replicates of each assembly were tested.TWO-PART STATIC MIX ADHESIVES(Loctite ® E-20HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® E-00CL Hysol ®Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® E-90FL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ®E-30CL Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive, Loctite ® U-05FL Hysol ® UrethaneAdhesive, Loctite ® H4500 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive,Loctite ® H3000 Speedbonder Structural Adhesive,Loctite ® 3030 Adhesive, Polyolefin Bonder,Loctite ® Fixmaster ® High Performance Epoxy,Loctite ® Fixmaster ® Rapid Rubber Repair)1. The adhesive was dispensed onto the end of one block shearthrough an appropriate static mixing nozzle to achievethorough mixing of the two adhesive components.2. A second block shear was mated to the first withan overlap area of 0.5 in. 2 .3. The mated assembly was clamped with two clamps thatexerted a clamping force of approximately 20 lb.4. The bonded assembly was allowed to cure for one week atambient conditions before conditioning and testing.ONE-PART HEAT CURE EPOXY ADHESIVE(Loctite ® H-214HP Hysol ® Epoxy Adhesive)1. Adhesive was applied in an even filmto the end of one block shear.2. A second block shear was mated to the first withan overlap area of 0.5 in. 2 .3. The mated assembly was clamped with two clamps thatexerted a clamping force of approximately 20 lb.4. The clamped assembly was heated at350°F (177°C) for 1 hour.5. The assembly was left at ambient conditions for one weekprior to conditioning and testing.MOISTURE CURE PRODUCTS(Loctite ® 5900 ® Flange Sealant and Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ®Hot Melt Adhesive)1. Adhesive was applied in an even film to the end of one block shear.2. A short length of 10 mil thick wire was embedded in thesealant to induce a 10 mil gap between the bonded block shears(except for Loctite ® 3631 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesive).3. A second block shear was mated to the first withan overlap area of 0.5 in. 2 .4. The mated assembly was clamped with two clamps thatexerted a clamping force of approximately 20 lb.5. The mated assembly was allowed to moisture cure for oneweek prior to conditioning and testing.HOT MELT PRODUCTS(Loctite ® 3651 , 7804 and 1942 Hysol ® Hot Melt Adhesives)1. The adhesive was heated to its dispense temperature in theappropriate hot melt dispenser.2. Adhesive was applied in an even film tothe end of one block shear.3. A second block shear was mated to the first withan overlap area of 0.5 in. 2 .4. The mated assembly was clamped with two clamps thatexerted a clamping force of approximately 20 lb.5. The assemblies were left at ambient conditionsfor one week prior to conditioning and testing.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 87

Did You Know?Durometer HardnessDurometer hardness is a property presented on technical data sheetsthat shows how hard the resin is in the cured state. A durometer gaugeis the actual measuring device consisting of a small drill or bluntindentor point under pressure. Different measurement scales are usedfor different materials depending on how soft or hard the material. Thefollowing chart compares three (3) different graduated measurementscales and relates hardness values to some common objects as well asLoctite ® brand products.Shore A Shore D Rockwell M Reference ObjectLoctite ® BrandProduct30 Art Gum Eraser 5140 40 Pink Pearl Eraser 5900 ®50 15 Rubber Stamp –60 Pencil Eraser 5699 70 30 Rubber Heel –80 Rubber Sole –90 45 Typewriter Roller 366 100 55 Pipe Stem 3106 74 0 Textbook Cover 334 78 32 Douglas Fir Plywood –82 63 E-60HP 86 95 Hardwood Desktop –90 125 Glass or Formica –The higher the number within each scale, the harder the material.Shore readings are typically used for plastics. Shore A is for softermaterials; Shore D is for harder materials. Rockwell readings aretypically used for metals.Mathematical ConversionsThe following are some common conversions that might be helpfulwhen utilizing Loctite ® brand products:• 1 milliliter (ml) = 1 cubic centimeter (cc)• 1,000 ml = 1 liter• 29.5 ml = 1 fl. oz.• 3.78 liters = 1 gallon• 473 ml = 1 pint• 454 grams = 1 lb.• 947 ml = 1 quart• 1 kilogram = 2.2 lbs.• Weight to Volume: grams ÷ specific gravity = cc (ml)• Volume to Weight: cc (ml) x specific gravity = grams• Density = specific gravity x 0.99823• Centipoises = centistokes x density (at a given temp.)• Temperature: degrees F - 32 x 0.556 = degrees Cdegrees C x 2 -10% + 32 = degrees F• Square Inches to Square Feet: ÷ by 144• Square Feet to Square Inches: x by 144• In./lbs. ÷ 12 = ft./lbs.• Ft./lbs. x 12 = in./lbs.• 16 in. oz. = 1 in. lb.• 192 in. oz. = 1 ft. lb.Area CoverageFlat Parts:Length(in.) x Width(in.) x Bondline Thickness(in.) x 16.4 = cc/mlrequirement per partNon-threaded Cylindrical Parts:Diameter x Engagement Length x Bondline Thickness(on radius/per side) x 3.14 x 16.4 = cc/ml requirement per partPotting/ Encapsulating Applications:Area (3.14 x R2 ) x Potting Depth x 16.4 = cc/mlrequirement per partFor no induced gap, make the bondline thickness figure 0.001".16.4 is a constant for converting cubic inches to cubic centimeters.88The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

ViscosityViscosity is a product property you’ll find associated with all Loctite ® brandadhesive/sealants. Viscosity is defined as a measure of the resistance of afluid to flow (usually through a specific orifice). A measure of this fluid“thickness” is expressed in centipoise values. The higher the number, thethicker the product. Thicker products are less flowable, and in most cases,will fill a larger gap if necessary. The following chart relates viscosity tosome products we are all familiar with:Loctite ® Brand Product ExamplesProductApproximateViscosity inCentipose (cP)CyanoacrylatesAnaerobicsWater at 70°C 1-5 420 –Blood orKeroseneAnti-Freeze orEthylene GlycolMotor Oil SAE 10or Corn OilMotor Oil SAE 30or Maple SyrupMotor Oil SAE 40or Castor OilMotor Oil SAE 60or GlycerinCorn Syrup orHoneyBlackstrapMolasses10 – 290 15 406 Letter Grade A50 -100 414 / 496 609 150-200 – 675 250-500 4203 / 4471 640 1,000-2,000 403 / 422 222MS /242 ® / 262 2,000-3,000 410 / 4211 635 5,000-10,000 411 / 382 277 / 620 Chocolate Syrup 10,000-25,000 – 324 / 326 Ketchup orMustardTomato Paste orPeanut ButterShortening orLardCaulkingCompound50,000-70,000 409 330 150,000-250,000 – 592 1,000,000-2,000,0005,000,000-10,000,000– 660 – 593 Window Putty 100,000,000 – –Some products are considered thixotropic. This describes materials that aregel-like at rest but fluid when agitated. Ketchup is a good example that exhibitsthis property. Loctite ® brand products include Loctite ® 262 Threadlocker andLoctite ® 509 Flange Sealant.Shelf LifeWhat is the Henkel shelf life policy for Loctite ® brand products?The shelf life period for Loctite ® brand products is one year from date ofshipment from Henkel facilities or as indicated by package labeling. Foroptimal storage, maintain product at a temperature between 8°C (46°F)to 21°C (70°F). Storage below 8°C (46°F) or greater than 28°C (82°F)can adversely affect product properties. Cyanoacrylate products mustbe stored under refrigerated conditions at 2°C (36°F) to 8°C (46°F).Storage below 2°C (36°F) or greater than 8°C (46°F) can adverselyaffect product properties. Products requiring storage at conditions otherthan those specified here are labeled accordingly. Material removedfrom containers may be contaminated during use. Do not return productto original containers. Henkel cannot assume responsibility for productwhich has been contaminated or stored under conditions other than asrecommended. This policy supersedes all previous policies regardingshelf life and storage of Loctite ® brand products.Do the 10 character batch codes on containers signify thedate of shipment?NO... This code signifies date of manufacture. Certified shelf life isbased on this code only if date of shipment cannot be determined. Thisis generally 2 years from date of manufacturing for most products.In most cases this process of checking batch codes, predates theadoption of a “Use by Date” which is on the unit label and case cartonsof most Loctite ® Brand Industrial Products.How do you read this 10 character batch code?example:Henkel InternalCodeLast digit in year ofmanufacture. 6=2006PP 6 A NN XXXXPack VariableMonth within year of manufacture, (e.g. A = January, B =February, C = March, etc., excluding the letter I, J = September).NOTE: The Batch Code may be truncated on small package sizes, but theyear and date will not be compromised when this is done.Lot Number CodeOnce a product reaches its “1 year from date of shipment”date, does this mean it can no longer be used?No... Henkel offers a policy for extension of shelf life.Contact Customer Service (800-243-4874) for details.The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 89

GlossaryCompressive Strength (ASTM D695)“Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics”Continuous Service TemperatureThe recommended continuous service temperature is an estimate of thehighest temperature a plastic can continuously withstand over the life ofan application. It is usually reported by the manufacturer and can bederived from the melting point, deflection temperature, and temperatureat which a material’s properties begin to severely diminish.Deflection Temperature @ 66 psi (ASTM D648)“Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Load”Deflection Temperature @ 264 psi (ASTM D648)“Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Load”Density (ASTM D792)“Test Method for Specific Gravity and Densityof Plastics by Displacement”Dielectric Constant (ASTM D150)“Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (DielectricConstant) of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials”Dielectric Strength (ASTM D149)“Test Methods for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strengthof Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial PowerFrequencies”Dissipation Factor (ASTM D150)“Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (DielectricConstant) of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials”Elongation, Break (ASTM D638)“Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”Flexural Modulus (ASTM D790)“Test Method for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and ReinforcedPlastics and Electrical Insulating Materials”Flexural Strength, Yield (ASTM D790)“Test Method for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and ReinforcedPlastics and Electrical Insulating Materials”Hardness (ASTM D785)“Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastic andElectrical Insulating Materials”Linear Thermal Expansion (ASTM D696)“Test Method for Coefficient of Linear ThermalExpansion of Plastics”Melting Point (ASTM D789)“Test Method for Determination of Relative Viscosity, Melting Point, andMoisture Content of Polyamide”Melting Point (ASTM D2117)“Test Method for Melting Point of Semicrystalline Polymers by the HotStage Microscopy Method”Notched Izod Impact Strength, R.T. (ASTM D256)“Test Method for Impact Resistance of Plastics and Electrical InsulatingMaterials”Processing TemperatureThis is the average processing temperature recommended bymanufacturers for commonly used processing methods.Tensile Modulus (ASTM D638)“Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”Tensile Strength, Break (ASTM D638)“Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”Tensile Strength, Yield (ASTM D638)“Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”Thermal Conductivity (ASTM C177)“Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and ThermalTransmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus”ThermoplasticsThermoplastics are distinguished by their ability to be softened andreshaped through the application of heat and pressure. They can beprocessed in this manner because, unlike thermosets, they are made upof polymeric chains which are not joined by covalent bonds (crosslinks).ThermosetsThermosets are plastics whose polymeric chains are joined by covalentbonds (crosslinks) to form a three-dimensional network. Due to theformation of this three-dimensional network, thermoset resins cannotbe softened or reshaped through the application of heat or pressure.Water Absorption (ASTM D570)“Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics”Durometer (ASTM D2240)“Test Method for Rubber Property Durometer Hardness”Linear Mold Shrinkage (ASTM D955)“Test Method for Measuring Shrinkage from Mold Dimensions ofMolded Plastics”90The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Index of Trade NamesTrade Name Plastic Type Manufacturer Page NumberTRADE NAME PLASTIC TYPE MANUFACTURER PAGE NUMBERAclar CTFE Allied-Signal Corporation 28Acpol Vinyl ester Cook Composites 72Acrylite Acrylic CYRO Industries 16Acrylt Acrylic Sumitomo Chemical 16Adell Polyamide (Nylon) Adell Plastics, Inc. 36Adpro Polypropylene Genesis Polymers 62Akulon Polyamide (Nylon) DSM Engineering 36Akuloy Polyamide (Nylon) DSM Engineering 36Alathon Polyethylene OxyChem 50Algoflon PTFE Ausimont USA, Inc. 28Alpha PVC Dexter Plastics 68Amilan Polyamide (Nylon) Toray Industries 36Applied Comp Polyester, thermoset BP Chemicals Inc. 42Arakote Polyester, thermoset Ciba-Geigy Corporation 42Araldite Epoxy Ciba-Geigy Corporation 26Arlon PEEK Greene, Tweed & Company 44Arnite Polyester (PBT) DSM Engineering 38Aropol Polyester, thermoset Ashland Chemical 42Ashlene Polyamide (Nylon) Ashley Polymers 36Aspun Polyethylene Dow Chemical 50Astryn Polypropylene Himont USA, Inc. 62Attane Polyethylene Dow Chemical 50Azdel Polypropylene Azdel, Inc. 62Bapolene PE, PP Bamberger Polymers 50, 62Bayflex Polyurethane Bayer Corp. 66Bexloy Polyamide (Nylon) E.I. DuPont 36Calibre Polycarbonate Dow Chemical 40Capron Polyamide (Nylon) Allied-Signal Corporation 36Celanex Polyester (PBT) Hoechst Celanese 38Celcon Acetal Hoechst Celanese 14Celstran Polyamide (Nylon) Hoechst Celanese 36Centrex ASA Monsanto Chemical 18Cevian ABS Hoechst Celanese 20Chemfluor PTFE Norton Performance 28Chemplex Polyethylene Quantum Chemical 50Cleartuf Polyester (PET) Goodyear 52Clysar Polyethylene E.I. DuPont 50Conapoxy Epoxy Conap, Inc. 26Corezyn Vinyl ester Interplastic Corporation 72Corrolite Vinyl ester Reichhold Chemical 72Cosmic DAP Allylic Ester Cosmic Plastics 22Cycolac ABS General Electric 20Cyglas Polyester, thermoset American Cyanamid 42Dapex Allylic Ester Rogers Corporation 22Dartek Polyamide (Nylon) E.I. DuPont 36Delrin Acetal E.I. DuPont 14Derakane Vinyl ester Dow Chemical 72Diakon Acrylic ICI Americas 16Dielectrite Polyester, thermoset Industrial Dielectrics 42Dowlex Polyethylene Dow Chemical 50Durastat Polyethylene PPG Industries 50Durethan Polyamide (Nylon) Bayer Corp. 36Durez Phenolic, Polyester, DAP Occidental Chemical 22, 34,42Dylark Polystyrene ARCO Chemical 64Eccogel Epoxy Emerson & Cuming 26Eccoseal Epoxy Emerson & Cuming 26Ektar FB Polyester (PET) Eastman Performance 52Elastopreg Polypropylene BASF 62Eltex PE, PP Solvay & Cie 50, 62Empee PE Polyethylene Monmouth Plastics 50Endura PE, PP PPG Industries 50, 62Envex Polyimide Rogers Corporation 54Epolite Epoxy Hexcel Corporation 26EPON Epoxy Shell Chemical Company 26The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 91

Trade Name Plastic Type Manufacturer Page NumberEpoxylite Epoxy Epoxylite Corporation 26Ertalon Polyamide (Nylon) ERTA Inc. 36Esbrite Polystyrene Sumitomo Chemical 64Escorene PE, PP Exxon Mobil Chemical 50, 62Estane Polyurethane BF Goodrich Chemical 66Ferrex Polypropylene Ferro Corporation 62Fibercore Polyester, thermoset American Cyanamid 42Fiberite FM Phenolic ICI/Fiberite 34Fiberloc PVC B. F. Goodrich 68Fluon PTFE ICA Americas Inc. 28Formion Ionomer A. Schulman 30Fortiflex Polyethylene Solvay Polymers 50Fortilene Polypropylene Solvay Polymers 62Fortron PPS Hoechst Celanese 60Fusabond Polypropylene DuPont Canada 62Geloy ASA GE Plastics 18Geon PVC B. F. Goodrich 68Glastic Polyester, thermoset Glastic Company 42Granlar Polyester (LCP) Granmont Inc. 32Grilamid Polyamide (Nylon) EMS 36Grilon Polyamide (Nylon) EMS 36Halar ECTFE Ausimont USA, Inc. 28Halon ETFE Ausimont USA, Inc. 28Haysite Polyester, thermoset Haysite Reinforced Plastics 42Hetron Vinyl ester Ashland Chemical Company 72Hi-Zex Polyethylene Mitsui Petrochemical 50HiGlass Polypropylene Himont USA, Inc. 62Hostaflon PTFE Hoechst Celanese 28Hostan GUR Polyethylene Hoechst Celanese 50HX Series Polyester (LCP) E.I. DuPont 32Hyflon PFA Ausimont USA, Inc. 28Hyvex PPS Ferro Corporation 60Impet Polyester (PET) Hoechst Celanese 52Insultruc Polyester, thermoset Industrial Dielectrics 42Interpol Polyester, thermoset Cook Composites 42Isoplast Polyurethane Dow Chemical 66Iupital Acetal Mitsubishi Gas 14Jet Polyester, thermoset Jet Moulding 42Kaofulex Polystyrene Kaofu Chemical 64Kapton Polyimide E.I. DuPont 54Karlex Polycarbonate Ferro Corporation 40Kematal Acetal Hoechst Celanese 14Kemlex Acetal Ferro Corporation 14Kibisan ASA Chi Mei Industrial 18Kinel Polyimide Rhone Poulenc, Inc. 54Kodapak PET Polyester (PET) Eastman Chemical Products 52Kodar Polyester, thermoset Eastman Chemical Products 42Lexan Polycarbonate General Electric 40Lumirror Polyester (PET) Toray Industries 52Luran ASA, SAN BASF 18, 70Lustran ABS, SAN Monsanto Chemical 20, 70Lytex Epoxy Premix, Inc. 26Magnum ABS Dow Chemical 20Makrolon Polycarbonate Bayer Corp. 40Maraglas Epoxy Acme 26Maranyl Polyamide (Nylon) ICI Americas 36Marlex PE, PP Phillips 66 Company 50, 62Matrimid Polyimide Ciba - Geigy 54Meldin Polyimide Furon 54Microthene Polyethylene Quantum Chemical 50Minlon Nylon, PBT E.I. DuPont 36, 38Mirason Polyethylene Mitsui Petrochemical 50Modar Acrylic ICI Acrylics 16Moplen Polypropylene Himont USA, Inc. 62Mor-Thane Polyurethane Morton 66Mylar Polyester (PET) E.I. DuPont 52Neo-zex Polyethylene Mitsui Petrochemical 50Neuthane Polyurethane New England Urethane 6692The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

Trade Name Plastic Type Manufacturer Page NumberNEW-TPI Polyimide Mitsui Toastu 54Nissan Polyethylene Maruzen 50Nivionplast Polyamide (Nylon) Enichem Elastomers 36Noblen Polypropylene Mitsubishi Petroleum 62Norchem PE, PP Quantum Chemical 50, 62Nortuff Polypropylene Quantum Chemical 62Noryl PPO GE Plastics 58Novablend PVC Novatec Plastics 68Novamid Polyamide (Nylon) Mitsubishi Chemical 36Novapol Polyethylene Novacor Chemicals 50Novarex Polycarbonate Mitsubishi Chemical 40Novatec-L Polyethylene Mitsubishi Chemical 50Nupol Vinyl ester Cook Composites 72Nybex Polyamide (Nylon) Ferro Corporation 36Nylamid Polyamide (Nylon) Polymer Service 36Nylatron Polyamide (Nylon) Polymer Corporation 36Nyloy Nylon, PP Nytex Composites 36, 62Nypel Polyamide (Nylon) Allied-Signal Corporation 36Nyrim Polyamide (Nylon) DSM Engineering 36Nytron Polyamide (Nylon) Nytex Composites 36PA Polyamide (Nylon) Bay Resins 36Panlite Polycarbonate Teijin Chem Ltd. 40Paraplast Epoxy Hexcel Corporation 26Paxon Polyethylene Allied-Signal Corporation 50Pellethane Polyurethane Dow Chemical 66Petlon Polyester (PET) Albis Corporation 52Petra Polyester (PET) Allied-Signal Corporation 52Petrothene PE, PP Quantum Chemical 50, 62Plaslok Phenolic Plaslok Corporation 34Plenco Phenolic Plastics Engineering Company 34Plexiglas Acrylic Atofina 16Pocan Polyester (PBT) Albis Corporation 38Polychem Phenolic Budd Company 34Polycor Vinyl ester Industrial Dielectrics 72Polycure Polyethylene BP Performance 50Polyfine Polypropylene Advanced Web Products 62Polyflam Polypropylene A. Schulman, Inc. 62Polyfort FLP Polyethylene A. Schulman, Inc. 50Polyfort FPP Polypropylene A. Schulman, Inc. 62Polylite Polyester, thermoset Reichhold Chemical 42Polypro Polypropylene Mitsui Petrochemical 62Polyrex Polystyrene Chi Mei Industrial 64Polyrite Polyester, thermoset Polyply Inc. 42Polysar Polystyrene Novacor Chemicals 64Polystruc Polyester, thermoset Industrial Dielectrics 42Polytron Polyester, thermoset Industrial Dielectrics 42Polyvin PVC A. Schulman 68Poxy Pak Epoxy Henkel Corporation 26Premi-Glas Polyester, thermoset Premix, Inc. 42Premi-Ject Polyester, thermoset Premix, Inc. 42PRO-FAX Polypropylene Himont USA, Inc. 62Pyrotex Phenolic Raymark Friction Company 34Quatrex Epoxy Dow Chemical 26Quirvil PVC Rukmianca SpA 68Ren Epoxy Ciba-Geigy Corporation 26Reny Polyamide (Nylon) Mitsubishi Gas 36Rexene PP Polypropylene Rexene 62Rexene PE Polyethylene Rexene 50Rilsan Polyamide (Nylon) Atochem N. America 36Rogers RX Phenolic Rogers Corporation 34Rosite Polyester, thermoset Rostone Corporation 42Rumiten Polyethylene Rumianca SpA 50Rynite Polyester (PET) E.I. DuPont 52Ryton PPS Phillips 66 Company 60Sclair Polyethylene Novacor Chemical 50Sclairfilm Polyethylene Novacor Chemical 50Scotchply Epoxy 3M Industrial Chemicals 26Selar Polyester (PET) E.I. DuPont 52The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 93

Trade Name Plastic Type Manufacturer Page NumberShinko-Lac ABS Mitsubishi Rayon 20Shinkolite Acrylic Mitsubishi Rayon 16Silmar Polyester, thermoset BP Chemicals Inc. 42Sinvet Polycarbonate Enichem Elastomers 40Stanuloy Polyester (PET) MRC Polymers Inc. 52Stanyl Polyamide (Nylon) DSM Engineering 36Stycast Epoxy Emerson & Cuming 26Stypol Polyester, thermoset Cook Composites 42Styron Polystyrene Dow Chemical 64Styronol Polystyrene Allied Resinous 64Styvex SAN Ferro Corporation 70Sumikathene Polyethylene Sumitomo Chemical 50Sumipex Acrylic Sumitomo Chemical 16Supec PPS GE Plastics 60Superkleen PVC Alpha Chemical 68Suprel SAN Vista Chemical Company 70Surlyn Ionomer E.I. DuPont 30Tactix Epoxy Dow Chemical 26Taitalac ABS Taita Chemical Company 20Technyl Polyamide (Nylon) Rhone Poulenc, Inc. 36Tecoflex Polyurethane Thermedics Inc. 66Tecolite Phenolic Toshiba Chemical Products 34Tecothane Polyurethane Thermedics Inc. 66Tedur PPS Bayer Corp. 60Teflon PTFE, FEP, PFA E.I. DuPont 28Tefzel ETFE E.I. DuPont 28Tenac Acetal Asahi Chemical 14Tenite Cellulosic, PE, PP Eastman Chemical Products 24, 50, 62Tenite PET Polyester (PET) Eastman Chemical Products 52Tenneco PVC Rimtech Corporation 68Terblend ASA BASF 18Texalon Polyamide (Nylon) Texapol Corporation 36Texin Polyurethane Bayer Corp. 66Tonen Polypropylene Tonen Petrochem 62Toray Polyester (PBT) Toray Industries 38Toyolac ABS Toray Industries 20TPX PMP Mitsui Petrochemical 56Traytuf Polyester (PET) Goodyear 52Tuflin Polyethylene Union Carbide 50Tyril SAN Dow Chemical 70Ultem Polyetherimide GE Plastics 46Ultradur Polyester (PBT) BASF 38Ultraform Acetal BASF 14Ultramid Polyamide (Nylon) BASF 36Ultrason Polyethersulfone BASF 48Ultra-wear Polyethylene Polymer Corporation 50Unichem PVC Colorite Plastics 68Unipol PP Polypropylene Shell Chemical Company 62Unival Polyethylene Union Carbide 50Valox Polyester (PBT, PET) GE Plastics 38, 52Valtec Polypropylene Himont USA, Inc. 62Vectra Polyester (LCP) Hoechst Celanese 32Vekton Polyamide (Nylon) Norton Performance 36Verton Polyamide (Nylon) LNP Engineering 36Vespel Polyimide E.I. DuPont 54Vestamid Polyamide (Nylon) Huls America 36Victrex PEEK PEEK Victrex, USA 44Victrex PES Polyethersulfone Victrex, USA 48Volara Polypropylene Voltek 62Vybex Polyester (PBT) Ferro Corporation 38Vydyne Polyamide (Nylon) Monsanto Chemical 36Vythene PVC Alpha Chemical 68Wellamid Polyamide (Nylon) Wellman, Inc. 36Xydar Polyester (LCP) Amoco Perform. Products 32Yukalon Polyethylene Mitsubishi Petroleum 50Zemid Polyethylene DuPont Canada 50Zylar Acrylic Novacor Chemicals 16Zytel Polyamide (Nylon) E.I. DuPont 3694The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

AcknowledgmentsThis manual would not have been possible without the expertise,advice, and material specimens graciously provided by the companiesand individuals listed below. Henkel Corporation would like to take thisopportunity to thank them for their invaluable assistance in developingthis resource.Volumes #1 & 2Amoco Performance ProductsSteve Plucinsky, Amodel/Xydar Product ManagerBose CorporationRobert Lituri, Corporate ChemistCytec IndustriesWil Connor, Technical Sales RepresentativeJill Ellen, Customer Service RepresentativeRon Krigbaum, Technical Service ManagerDow Chemical CompanyMelissa Robertson, TechnologistKristi Warner, Account DevelopmentDuPont PolymersPete Geleta, Application EngineerWilliam Grant, Technical RepresentativeMark McAlees, Applications TechnologistFranklin Polymers, Inc.Mary Ellen Hewsen, Operations ManagerRoger Jones, PresidentGE PlasticsBob Mercer, Account ExecutiveRick Pickul, Adhesives EngineerLynn Unwin, Information RepresentativeHoechst CelaneseJoanne Hankard, Senior Marketing ManagerIndustrial Dielectrics, Inc.Andy Fritch, Sales EngineerLNP Engineering Plastics Inc.Timothy Carroll, Technical Sales RepresentativeMichelle Dawson, Technical Service EngineerJosh McIlvaine, Application Development EngineerJames McKiernan, Materials SupervisorNortheastern UniversityJonathan Goldsberry, Chemical EngineerJames Serenson, Chemical EngineerOccidental Chemical CorporationRobert Roy, Technical ServicesPlastics Engineering Co.Ken Ertman, Technical Service EngineerRogers CorporationBill Ayles, Marketing SupervisorVictrex USARichard Leibfried, Technical Service EngineerVolume #3STR, Inc.Susan Agro, Project ManagerDaniel Wells, Project LeaderGE PlasticsWendy Collins, Account ManagerVyncolit N.A.Mike Gardner, Sales EngineerAlbis PlasticsMark Cooper, Technical Sales RepresentativeDupont PackagingSteven Smith, Account ManagerBulk Molding CompoundsChris Vaisvil, Vice President – SalesMitsui PlasticsManny Mafilios, Senior Director Sales and MarketingNova ChemicalsRick Burns, Senior Account ManagerDow PlasticsBarbara Gustafson,Senior Customer Technical Support RepresentativeBayer Corp.Tom Hemler,Senior Technical Sales SpecialistDow ChemicalMatthew Belford,Technical Service Chemist Dupont PolyimideThe Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4 95

DisclaimerDisclaimerThe information contained herein is intended to be used solely as an indicator of the bondability of the evaluated plastics. The information is believed tobe accurate, and is well suited for comparative analysis, however, the testing was performed using a limited number of adhesive lots, plastic lots, andreplicates. Consequently, this makes the information contained herein inappropriate for specification purposes.Suggestions concerning the compatibility of plastics with adhesives is based on test data and general knowledge concerning the chemical resistanceof plastics. All thermoplastics have the potential to stress crack when exposed to uncured adhesive depending on the exposure time, part geometry,stresses, and plastic composition variables. Consequently, it is important that the end user evaluate the suitability of the adhesive in their process toinsure that the adhesive does not detrimentally affect the performance of the plastic.Suggestions for surface cleaners to be evaluated are based on test data and general information concerning the chemical resistance of the plastics.The chemical resistance of plastics can be affected by the exposure time, temperature, stress levels, and plastic composition variables. Consequently, itis important that the end user evaluate the suitability of the cleaning solvent in their process to insure that the solvent does not detrimentally affect theperformance of the plastic.Henkel can not assume responsibility for the results obtained by others over whose methods we have no control. It is the user's responsibility todetermine suitability for the user’s purpose of any production method mentioned herein and to adopt such precautions as may be advisable for theprotection of property and of persons against any hazards that may be involved in the handling and use thereof.In light of the foregoing, Henkel Corporation specifically disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose arisingfrom sale or use of Henkel Corporation’s products. Henkel Corporation specifically disclaims any liability for consequential or incidentaldamages of any kind, including lost profits. The discussion herein of various process or compositions is not to be interpreted as representation thatthey are free from domination of patents owned by others or as a license under any Henkel Corporation patents which may cover such processes orcompositions. We recommend that each prospective user test the proposed application in its manufacturing process using this data as a guide. Thisproduct may be covered by one or more United States or foreign patents or patent applications.96The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4

For more information, please call 1-800-LOCTITE (562-8483) inthe U.S.; 1-800-263-5043 in Canada; 01-800-901-8100 in MexicoHenkel CorporationEngineering Adhesives1001 Trout Brook Crossing, Rocky Hill, CT 06067 U.S.A.800-562-8483 • www.henkel.us • www.loctite.comLoctite, Black Max, Depend, Fixmaster, Flashcure, Hysol, Prism, PST, Quick Metal, Speedbonder, Super Bonder, Tak Pak, 222MS, 242, 262, 277, 290, 324, 326,330, 334, 366, 380, 382, 401, 403, 405, 409, 410, 411, 414, 420, 422, 496, 592, 593, 609, 620, 635, 640, 660, 675, 770, 1942, 3030, 3105, 3106, 3311, 3340, 3631,3651, 4011, 4203, 4211, 4305, 4307, 4471, 5140, 5699, 5900, 7701, 7804, E-00CL, E-20HP, E-30CL, E-60HP, E-90FL, E-214HP, H3000, H4500, M-21HP, M-31CL,U-04FL, and U-05FL are trademarks of Henkel Corporation, U.S.A. All other trademarks are the property of the respective owner.© Henkel Corporation, 2006. All rights reserved. 3563 / LT-2197 4/2006