Caucus ChaosMatt KodisEvery four years, Iowa becomes thecenter of the universe. America kicks off thepresidential election process in the Hawkeye<strong>St</strong>ate. Citizens gather in schools, gymnasiums,even in homes to persuade their friendsand neighbors to vote. The Iowa Caucuses areas American as the opening day of baseballseason.Later on, the torch is passed to NewHampshire. Presidential candidates canvassthe Granite <strong>St</strong>ate attempting to get a leg up onthe confident competition. New Hampshireloves its primary so much that when minorleague baseball came back, the team was almostcalled the New Hampshire Primaries.While the two states have upheld a greatAmerican tradition, itʼs time to give wayto a different process. Republicans andDemocrats need to reform the nominationprocess, so that voters in America can havea stronger voice.There are two ways that states canelect a nominee: a primary and a caucus.A primary is like a regular election, wherevoters go to a polling place and cast theirballots privately. There are also three typesof primaries. First, thereʼs an open primary,where anyone can vote in the Democratic orRepublican election, but not both. Next isthe semi-closed primary in which registeredRepublicans and Democrats vote for theirown party, and Independents choose whichparty they want to vote for. The final optionis a closed primary in which only registeredDemocrats can vote for Democrats, andonly registered Republicans can vote forRepublicans. In most cases, after all thevotes are counted, the delegates are distributedproportionately among the candidates.All of the Democratic primaries, as well asmany Republican contests, distribute delegatesbased on this system.Caucuses are more open than primaries.Republicans or Democrats will caucus, ormeet to cast their vote, at a set time and place.One representative for each candidate willrecite a prepared stump speech for these gatheredvoters about that candidateʼs platformand views on important issues. According toiowacaucus.com, the Republican caucus isconducted similarly to a straw poll. Then,the numbers are tabulated in the same way asa primary.In a Democratic caucus, after the stumpspeeches are made, caucus-goers have thirtyminutes to walk to a designated area based onthe candidate they support. For example, if acaucus were held in a house, Barack Obamabackers would go in the kitchen, and HillaryClinton supporters would head into thefamily room. A group needs fifteen percent22 Spring 2008of the total participants to be considered viableand move onto the next round of voting.During the thirty minutes that voters have tojoin a group, people who are caucusing forCandidate A will try to persuade voters forCandidate B to join their preference group andmake it viable for the second round of voting.Groups that are not viable are eliminated, anda second round of voting takes place to realignparticipants whose candidates were removedfrom the process; in other words, to get thatcrucial fifteen percent. Then, a head counttakes place, and this number is combined withthe total for each respective group at all theother caucuses in the county. Next, since eachcounty has a set number of delegates, thoseThe DemocratChris Kuriatadelegates are divided up according to the percentagesfor each candidate. Those numbersare then reported to the state convention, andadded to each candidateʼs state-wide delegatecount.Iowa and New Hampshire attract a lot ofmedia attention during a presidential race,since they have the first caucus and primary inthe nominating process. A lot of money getspoured into these two states, yet the majorquestion is “Why?” Combined, the two statesonly have eleven electoral votes. Candidateswill use the bulk of their resources on the twostates and leave other states out to dry whentheir primary or caucus comes around. WhenJohn Kerry won Iowa and New Hampshire in2004, the media named him the Democraticcandidate for president, leaving 48 otherstates out of the process. Had Barack Obamawon New Hampshire this year, the New YorkTimes would have been ready to herald him asthe Democratic candidate.TV pundits describe the first Tuesday inFebruary as “the closest thing to a nationalprimary,” with approximately twenty statesholding primaries or caucuses on that date. Tosettle the nomination, why not have a nationalprimary? Each state, as well as the Districtof Columbia and other American territories,would have the same number of delegates asthey would electoral votes. We would have anational campaign that simulated the electoralprocess. Every state would have a say.The Democrats will send 4047 delegatesto their convention in August. Out of all theattendees, 794 are considered super delegates,which consist of a variety of elected officialsat the state and national level who receiveone vote for the presidential nomination,and account for twenty percent of alldelegates. The super delegatesʼ votes arenot bound by primary or caucus results, andthey can vote for whomever they want. Thecandidates stack up the number of superdelegates they have so that the nominationcan be wrapped up months before theconvention. For example, Senator Debbie<strong>St</strong>abenow (a Democrat from Michigan) hasalready pledged her super delegate statustoward her good friend, Hillary Clinton.Much of a super delegateʼs endorsementof a candidate is based on personal beliefs,thus throwing popular vote out the window.Hard-line Democrats who supportthe system will say that most of theSuperdelegates are elected by the votersanyway. True, since the Democratic NationalCommittee defines super delegates as“Democratic members of the United <strong>St</strong>atesCongress, governors, former presidents,former vice presidents, leaders of the USSenate, former Speakers of the House andminority leaders, former DNC chairs, andvarious additional elected officials.” Yet,Joe Lieberman was labeled a “Bush lover”by the Democratic Party during his re-electioncampaign in 2006 for his moderatestances. He lost in the primary, yet won thegeneral election as an independent. He wasgiven super delegate status for the 2008 DNCConvention. When he endorsed John McCain,a Republican, for the presidency, his Superdelegatestatus was renounced. If the Democratsclaim to be the party of the people, why donʼtthey give the voters a stronger voice and getrid of super delegates?Meanwhile, some Republican primarieshave a “winner-take-all” system. GOP candidateswill talk to state party boards to changethe rules of their elections to award all of thestateʼs delegates to the winner of the vote, insteadof dividing them up based on the resultswhen all of the precincts are counted. WhenRudy Giuliani was the national frontrunner,Continued on page 23
Caucus Chaoscontinued from page 22he went to Republican Party bossesin the Northeast that had their electionson Super Tuesday. He wanted to makeall of those states winner-take-all, sothat he could wrap up the nomination.When Giulianiʼs campaign tanked,he endorsed Arizona Senator JohnMcCain. McCain won all the “winnertake-all”states on Ser Tuesday. Thisput the nomination out of reach for hisrivals and for the common voter.In late 2007, Michigan moved itsprimaries up to January 15th. TheGreat Lakes <strong>St</strong>ate thought that it hadsomething important to contribute tothe electoral process. The economyhad hit a rut statewide, and both partiesthought that it would be a major issuein the general election. The RNC andDNC fought back; the Republicans losthalf of their delegates, while the Democratshad all of theirs stripped. Lo andbehold, when the stock market crashedrecessed, exit polls indicated that theeconomy was the most importantissue in the campaign. As a voter inMichiganʼs Republican primary, I wasvery peeved that when I went to castmy ballot, I only got half a vote.Yes, most delegates are won basedon the votes of the people. But pleaseexplain how the votes in the NevadaDemocratic caucuses turned out. HillaryClinton won a larger percentage ofthe vote, yet Barack Obama won thedelegate count 13-12. From what Iʼvelearned in calculus, shouldnʼt Hillaryget more delegates?The Republicans might argue thatthe winner-take-all system prepares thecandidates for the Electoral Collegeand the general election in November.This is true; however, all votersshould have their votes go toward thatcandidateʼs delegate count. If my votewere, essentially, placed in a papershredder or “accidentally deleted,” Iʼdbe pretty ticked off.While the miniature municipality ofDixville Notch, New Hampshire startsprepping for their 2012 midnight primary(the first in the state), the electionprocess has to be reformed. If eitherpolitical party wants to call itself the“party of the people,” they should scrapthe current primary and caucus calendarand start anew. <strong>St</strong>art with swingstates for the first primaries. Perhapsjust hold one national primary for bothparties. Otherwise, the anger felt byvoters may be “too close to call.”Her Blue SkyElisha Schoeplein<strong>St</strong>op and think. Picture before you readthis story what truly matters in life.Jadeyn and I painted together when wehung out earlier today. Sheʼs five. So herewe were sitting in the church office with thetwo poster boards spread across the floorpainting with washable paint.My poster said THANK YOU (it was forthe pediatric nurse I worked with), and everyletter was a different color. Some were forward,some were backward, some were capital,others werenʼt. On the O in Thank You,we drew a smiley face. The nose turned outa deep red that ran into the eyes and mouth.She stuck her handprint in orange on thewhite gaps.My conscience yelled in my head, youhave to do that paper for next week, cleanyour room, clean your bathroom, study foryour mid term, work...Her poster resembled nothing even closeto mine. Hands grabbing two paintbrushesat a time, she made a simple little flower witha brown center. The grass stuck up, spikeyand overgrown. In the middle of it all, thekindergarten letters became layers of paintand polka dots that spelled Jadeyn.Getting the bathtub cleaner, I smile nowthinking of the clumped paint and the smileon her face when we finished.She messed up on the yellow sun in thecorner and decided to make it red to cover upthe smudged smiley face. We painted the skyblue and outlined her name again. Trying toskip a letter, she caught me. But by this time,My Ali-sonI was impatient to clean my room, finishmy homework, and try to squeeze in anunnecessary nap before I worked tonight.My hand holding a paintbrush, I globbedblue paint onto the page and smoothed itinto the sky. Even though I hurried her,I was surprised to say that the sky didnʼthave white lines or paint smudges or evenan imperfection. It was the perfect blue.Later, as I scrub my bathtub, I rememberthe smile so big she tried to hide it behindher hand. Her mom peeped throughthe door at our work. Jadeyn must havefelt like Picasso.“Jay, youʼre the best artist Iʼve everseen. This is such a beautiful picture weʼllframe it. Thanks, Lish.”As I rinse the bathtub cleaner off,I realize that cleaning my bathroom ortaking a nap or oing that paper for nextweek didnʼt really matter at that moment.I remember a line from my favorite poemwhen I was little: ”Life is short, donʼtdance too fast.” We step on each otherʼstoes and cast aside dance moves for a lifeconsumed with our agendas, jobs, problems.We forget that life is about the simplethings—moments. Saving the neighborkid from a two mile walk from the busstop. Holding a baby. Calling someonejust to see how they are. Taking yourmom out. Talking to the stranger besideyou on a plane instead of sleeping. Makinga little kidʼs day.Why is it that the things that truly matterare the first things to get choked out ofour lives?Angie Williamsafterglow 23