Jublains anglais:Mise en page 1.qxd

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NoviodunumThe first town developed itselfin an anarchic manner. Then,it transformed at the end of the1 st century A. D. and adoptedall the urban principles and theequipment of the Roman cities.An antique urbanism exampleThe urban projectIn the second half of the 1 st centuryA. D. the inhabitants undertook somegreat work whichchanged the aspect ofthe town. They startedin replacing the oldGallic temple by amonument in stonearound 66-68. Thetheatre took place atthe southern border,on the side of the plateau,800 m furtherfrom the temple.Between these twomonuments the streetsadopted a geometricnetwork covering 25ha and dividing thespace into rectangularislands. Two othersmonuments are on thenorth-south axis ofthe town: the forumand the baths. A fortified buildingwas built at the borders of the town.The urban project was realised in itsbroad lines but never utterly finished.
The fortressThe Gallo-roman fortress is the largest andthe best conserved monument, but alsoa real riddle concerning its functions.1645723An enigmatic monumentA composite monumentThis fortified set was not built in onetime. It results from the addition ofthree fitted together elements; a centralbuilding, then, an earthen rampartpreceded by a gap and a surroundingwall. Its function might have evolvedduring these transformations.The central building 1Maybe built around 200 A. D., thecentral building is a large room witha central yard 4 , endowed with a floorand 4 square towers at its corners 5 .It is accompanied by two small bathsbuildings 6 7 . The thickness of thewalls and the locking system of thedoors by wooden boards give adefensive character to the edifice.The archaeologists have not agreed yetto consider this edifice as civil warehouseor as a fort. Some recent studieshint that there was a military presencein the region from the 1 st century A. D.The earthen rampart 2Initially endowed with a large gap,it was realised around 290, in a contextof troubles. The multiplication ofburied treasures of this period provethe fears of populations concerningthe invasion rumours, the piracy actsalong the Channel or the peasantrevolts.The stone rampart 3The Roman Empire recovered itself,under the emperor Diocletien’s reign.He reorganized it in instituting theTetrarch (two Supremes to govern theOccident, two others to govern theOrient). It coincided with the beginningof the construction of the outer wall,around 295. It may aim at turning thesite into a real fortress for the resupplyingof the camps which settled onthe Channel coasts in order to struggleagainst Saxon pirates. Yet, owing toa changing of project, the work wasgiven up before the completion of thewall. The fortress was deserted in the4 th century A. D. whereas Jublains wasirremediably declining.
Page 1 and 2: Towns and regions of art and histor
Page 3: Children before the fortress.(Baron
Page 7 and 8: The templeIn 66-68 A. D. its recons

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