Waste management and reduction guide for retail industry

Waste management and reductionguide for the retail industryZero Waste SA

Published by Zero Waste SAGPO Box 1047Adelaide SA 5001Telephone 08 8204 2051Facsimile 08 8204 1911Emailzerowaste@zerowaste.sa.gov.auInternetwww.zerowaste.sa.gov.auThis document may be reproduced in whole or part for thepurpose of study or training, subject to the inclusion of anacknowledgement of the source and to its not being used forcommercial purposes or sale. Reproduction for purposes otherthan those given above requires the prior written permission ofZero Waste SA.ISBN 978-921114-05-3February 2007

Businesses paying mere “lipservice” to the emerging issueof sustainability are kiddingthemselves if they expect a longfuture. While markets will againbe drawn to the headline earningsthis profit reporting season, it issustainability that requires thegreatest attention by long terminvestors.Geoff Wells, The Advertiser,15 August 2006

3Contents4.2 Reducing waste 204.3 Reuse 214.4 Recycling 224.5 Waste treatment 244.6 Waste disposal 25Section 5. Improving general environmental performance 265.1 Why improve general environmental performance? 265.2 Energy conservation 265.3 Water conservation 285.4 Stormwater management 295.5 Pollution control 305.6 Environmental purchasing 31Section 6. Marketing alternatives 326.1 Communicating effectively 33Section 7. Getting ready for the plastic bag ban 35Section 8. Conclusion 36AppendixForm 1. Example survey of retailers 38Form 2. Waste management and recycling audit form 40Form 3. Example shopping centre green action plan 41Form 4. Green checklist for retailers and offices 43Form 5. Green guide for shoppers 45Waste services directory 47

4ForewordPreserving the environment is important to SouthAustralians who pride themselves on the uniquenessof their country and its wildlife.But when the media is full of stories about pollution, the climate change andthe depletion of the ozone layer, it can appear too complicated for individualsto make a difference.I assure you we can. Small, seemingly insignificant actions by a large numberof concerned people can make a big difference. That’s what environmentalmanagement is really all about – a series of small decisions that cancumulatively have a big impact.All of us – centre managers, sales managers, checkout operators, customers,retailers – have a role to play in helping preserve our environment.The benefits of managing waste better and making customers aware of ourefforts extend to bottom lines and corporate profiles.This guide has been developed with the assistance of the SA Retail PropertyGroup (Property Council of Australia) and the State Retailers Association ofSA. This industry support and feedback has been invaluable in ensuring thatthe principles outlined in this guide are practical and take into account therealities of today’s competitive retail environment.The actions described in this guide will work just as well for individuals asthey do at the corporate level. If you take them your operation, no matter howbig or small, will reduce its impact on the environment.I commend this guide to you and ask that every day, when you are makingdecisions, keep the environment in mind because it is your actions that willmake Australia a better place for all.Gail GagoMinister for Environment and Conservation

5About this guideStrategic policy adviceand direction to businessand industryThis guide for shopping centres is part of Zero Waste SA’scharter to provide strategic policy advice and direction tobusiness and industry which promotes waste managementpractices that reduce waste consigned to landfill.The guide aims to:■ provide ways to maximise waste reduction initiatives and theimplementation of recycling opportunities to reduce the amountof waste being deposited to landfill■ help industry control its waste management activities economicallyand effectively with practical and appropriate working examples forsystematic waste reduction■ help shopping centres and retailers to effectively and economicallymanage the environmental impacts of their operations■ provide a framework for meeting environmental challenges andimproving efficiency.This user friendly guide is the basis for a consistent approach to wastereduction within shopping centres and the retail industry in general. Itshould complement current business plans within shopping centresthroughout South Australia.

6Who can benefitfrom this guide?The shopping centre industry is oneof the largest manufacturers of waste,and it is imperative that we implementenvironmental programs to reduceimpacts on landfill and save water.This guide is intended as a tool for shopping centremanagement, commercial property owners andproperty managers who may be involved with planningand implementing waste reduction and recyclingprograms within shopping centres.Take up the challenge ofimplementing Environmental BestPractice in your centre and preserveour resources for future generations.Kate KnightSA Retail Property GroupGenerally waste management services are a cooperative approach betweenmanagement and retailers. Thus management is likely to play a leadership rolein any waste reduction and recycling initiatives. However, waste prevention ona large scale is a joint effort between retailers and centre management.The examples and case studies in this guide can help both shopping centresoverall and individual retail businesses within the centre, to reduce waste.I think that the issue of sustainability is fast becoming important to allgenerations of Australians. The uptake of re-useable plastic bags bythe population has shown that given sound positive information thepublic will respond.There are so many areas of pollution in our environment that we cannotcontrol and need Governments to take a leadership role, but it is my belief thatthe community is fast sending a message to our leaders that we will supportand embrace any changes in our activity that will benefit the environment.This sustainability guide is one such document that supports that end.Ineffective waste disposalhas a negative effect on ourenvironment. A cooperativeapproach within the retail industryto efficient waste reduction andresource recovery can minimiseor negate that impact. This guidecan assist SA’s retail industryto introduce effective wastereduction and managementapproaches to assist the principleof a sustainable future for all.I commend this guide to all inthe retail industry.Max Baldock President, StateRetailers Association of SouthAustraliaMike HaywoodPresident Waste Management Association of Australia (SA Branch)

7What can youlearn fromthis guide?This guide does not attempt to provide a ‘one size fitsall’ answer to introducing waste reduction and recyclingprograms for everyone involved in the retail industry. Itintends to provide general concepts and opportunitiesto consider in planning and launching an effective andongoing program.Shopping centre managers and operational staff can use information in thisguide to determine the appropriate scope and design of their waste reductionand recycling program, based on the situation within their own centre.Individual retailers can also determine waste reduction initiatives whenassessing their own waste generation practices as part of the centre’s overallcoordinated approach to waste minimisation.Where to go for helpThe waste services directory at the end of this guide(page 47) lists organisations, with contact details, thatoffer waste management and recycling services.

8About ZeroWaste SAZero Waste SA is part of the Environment andConservation Portfolio. It has the primary objective ofpromoting waste management practices that, as far aspossible, eliminate waste or its consignment to landfill,and advance the development of resource recovery andrecycling. These objectives are based on an integratedstrategy for South Australia.South Australia’s Strategic Plan includes a goal to ‘reduce waste to landfill by25% within 10 years’ – that is, by 2014. Zero Waste SA is the key to achievingthat goal and has outlined how we as a community can achieve this reductionand other targets in South Australia’s Waste Strategy 2005–2010.The functions of ZWSA are prescribed in the Zero Waste SA Act 2004 andinclude the development and implementation of government policies onwaste management, raising public and industry awareness about wastemanagement, programs for preventing litter and illegal dumping, and thedevelopment of markets for recovered resources and recycled materials.Further informationFor further information about Zero Waste SA please visitwww.zerowaste.sa.gov.au

9Section 1.A demonstrated commitment to sound environmentalpractices and increased sustainability is part ofgenerally accepted corporate social responsibilityincreasingly demanded by the community,shareholders and other stakeholders.Background todeveloping awaste reductionprogramEnvironmental improvement approaches are seen as an essential tool toassist business to maintain regulatory compliance, improve productivity anddevelop a competitive advantage.The increasing numbers of businesses focusing their attention on improvingenvironmental aspects of their operations are realising that beyond theenvironmental advantages there are tangible benefits to their bottom line.Shopping centres are in a position to play a major role in providing abetter environment for future generations as well as meeting communityexpectations through improving environmental performance, in particularby introducing effective waste reduction and recycling programs.In developing a waste reduction program, shopping centres are able toposition themselves as organisations that care for the community andthe environment.From a marketing perspective, the ‘green’ shopping centre appeals toexisting customers, and to the discerning and expanding ‘green’ consumermarket. Future customers become familiar with the centre’s philosophythrough support of environmental education activities within schools in thecentres’ target regions.

10Section 2.Benefits of wasteminimisation systemsAustralia has a population of around 20 million people, most of whom live in capital ormajor cities close to the eastern and southern seaboards. Each year, about 1 tonne ofwaste per person is generated – that’s 20 million tonnes of waste from commercial,industrial and domestic sources.And much of it is disposed of in landfills.Cooperation between all levels of government, business, industry and thecommunity is necessary to achieve, effectively and cooperatively, systems tominimise and recycle waste, and reach national waste minimisation goals.2.1 What does the community think about waste?Community concern for environmental issues, and in particular wastereduction, shows no signs of abating. The community is now muchmore aware and has a deeper understanding of the complexities ofwaste reduction (Working with the community, October 2005,www.zerowaste.sa.gov.au/market_research.php).With the community requesting a reduction in excess packaging and morerecycling, many local government organisations haveintroduced kerbside recycling schemes and industryhas introduced methods to reduce packaging andaddress other environmental issues.

112.2 Change from waste disposal to waste minimisationThis guide identifies methods to follow as shopping centres see the need to movefrom the present system of operation, primarily emphasising disposal, to a newapproach embracing resource conservation, waste reduction and minimisation.The development of waste minimisation approaches allows a shopping centreto review current practices, comply with statutory regulations and its owninternal requirements, and review manufacturer’s packaging methods.The shopping centre thus identifies opportunities to improve environmentalperformance by reducing resource consumption and the amount of wasteproduced – for environmental, economic and social benefit.Section 2.Benefits of wasteminimisationsystems2.3 What are the benefitsof minimising waste?Producing waste within a retailenvironment negatively impactson everyone who operates withina centre’s ‘bottom line’. Goodwaste management is goodbusiness management.The benefits go beyond reducingwaste to landfill. Preventing wastenot only saves resources and reducespollution, it also saves money.Overall benefitsAn effective waste reductionprogram develops a competitiveadvantage by improving overallmanagement performance, improvesemployee morale, reduces operatingcosts and is in line with principles ofbest practice operating methods.Centres with an effective wasteminimisation and managementprogram are seen as responsible,caring corporate citizens, sensitiveto environmental issues – and canattract customers who favour a‘green’ image.Other benefits include:■ improved compliance withenvironmental regulations■ better use of resources■ savings from waste minimisationand reduced disposal costs■ enhanced public image■ increased profits.Economic benefitsAn effective waste minimisationand management program canreduce the amount of waste beingsent to landfill by over 60% (CentroColonnades Shopping Centre, 1995).Savings on collection and disposalcosts can then be offset against thecost of initiating waste minimisationand management programs.Disposal costs can only rise aslandfill sites become harder to findand further from city centres. Muchhigher operating standards, andthus increased costs, as well asrestrictions on the types of wastethat can be sent to landfill, are nowexpected. A cooperative approachis the key to reducing costs.As suppliers and producersrespond to ‘green’ pressure andstreamline their systems to minimisepackaging and waste, their costsshould also decrease.The many potential benefitsto be gained from minimisingwaste can only be realised byidentification of all costs associatedwith existing disposal systems,including hidden costs.

12Social benefitsMinimising waste is an ideal wayto reinforce existing communityattitudes and current environmentalawareness and education programs,particularly in local government andthe education system.Market research consistentlyshows that concern for theenvironment rates highly within thecommunity. Waste minimisation andmanagement programs are seen bymany as an ideal opportunity to dosomething for the environment.Waste minimisation and managementprograms can therefore create goodwillwithin the community, and thusopportunities for centres and retailersto promote their ‘green image’.The community’s awareness of thenatural and built environment canbe raised by involving them in aprogram they perceive as helpingthe environment. It could be assimple as this: a campaign to involvecustomers in a shopping centre’srecycling program could mean lesslittering in and around the centre- and a lower cleaning budget forthe centre.Materials recovery and treatmentcan be labour intensive, so theintroduction of a waste minimisationand management program has thepotential to create employment atthe local level. As the retail industrydevelops programs to complywith legislation, such as EPA’sWater Quality Policy for stormwaterpollution prevention, it cantake advantage of the idealopportunities to further relationshipswith the local council and StateGovernment agencies.Environmental benefitsMinimising waste conservesresources.Conserving resources not onlyreduces waste; it can reducepollution. As industry consumesfewer raw materials, it uses lessfossil fuel and less pollution isthe result.At present most solid waste ends upin landfill. Specific risks associatedwith landfill sites are now betterunderstood. An effective wasteminimisation and managementprogram can take a proactiveapproach to lessening shoppingcentres’ impact on the environment.Section 2.Benefits of wasteminimisationsystems

13Section 3.How to introduce a wastereduction programThe success of a waste minimisation and managementprogram hinges on an effective coordinating ‘eco/greenaction’ group (let them pick their own name), and on peoplewithin centres, both management and retailers, beingsupportive and committed to minimising waste.3.1 Establishing an eco/green action groupThe best waste reduction results will come from people having a strong senseof participation, cooperation and consultation in the program’s formulationand implementation. The people concerned manage the environmental issuesand the program directly reflects their priorities and needs.Ideally, the coordinating group would comprise a mix of centre managementand tenants. It can contain members of centre management, in particular theoperations manager, staff from the marketing area, and invited and interestedretailers. It may be appropriate that staff from the centre’s waste managementorganisation could also be invited to be part of the group. Policy developmentthat is ‘owned’ by both centre management and the centre’s retailers will notbe perceived as being a ‘centre management-driven’ initiative.CASE STUDYCentro Colonnades’ ECO group continues to look at ways to encourage andrecognise environmental education initiatives within the community. Thisincludes nurturing links with local schools and community groups who areactive contributors to environmental projects through the centre’s ECOFundsupport program. This provides a focus within the centre to promote theiractivities as well as continuing to form strong partnerships within the centre’starget areas.

14An eco corner can promote environmental initiativesSection 3.How to introducea waste reductionprogram3.2 Eco/green action group facilitatorA facilitator needs to be elected from the group and may be from centre management, or as agreed. The role is to setagendas, record deliberations and generally coordinate the determinations agreed in meetings.3.3 Eco/green action group meetingsThe group will only be successful if meetings are well organised, short and at a time convenient to all members.Keep in mind that retailers and centre management staff have other tasks to perform:■ Keep meetings to half an hour or less.■ Conduct meetings on a less busy trading day and in a quiet period, such as mornings from 8.30 am, or as agreedby group members.3.4 CommunicationDevelopment of the waste reduction program will only be successful with good, clear communications:■ Provide a record of discussions to members of the group at least a week before the next meeting.■ Use the centre’s in-house newsletter to advise retailers of issues being addressed by the group.■ Arrange a monthly ‘eco column’ through a local suburban media organisation in the form of ‘advertorial’to promote issues being handled by the shopping centre and retailers.■ Set up a display area within the centre to inform shoppers about improved environmental performance.■ Ask local schools or environmental groups to participate in the promotion of positive environmental actionand activities.■ For other marketing opportunities see section 6.

15Section 3.How to introduce a wastereduction programSteps to set up a shopping centre waste reduction programEstablish an eco/green groupThe waste reduction program development recognises that the best results will come from people having a strong senseof participation, ownership and consultation in its formulation and implementation. Therefore, managing environmentalissues will be determined by the people concerned and directly reflecting their priorities and needs.Eco/green group meetingsIf the eco/green group is to be successful, meetings need to be well organised, short and at a time convenient to all members.Initial tasks to be undertaken by eco/green groupDetermine a vision and terms of reference for the eco/green group.Set objectives.Consult with and survey retailersSurveying also provides a mechanism for ‘one on one’ communication with retailers as well as an opportunityfor feedback to be gained from within their own premises.Audit current situationUndertake an audit to help establish which topics require action, who is responsible, and where and when the activitytakes place.With this data, as well as feedback from retailers, the eco/green group should be in a position to prioritise action.Develop an action planDevise an action plan to ensure the program is managed efficiently. The plan needs to identifya timeframe, monitor progress, identify resources, determine a budget and set up an evaluation process.Review positionMonitor and evaluate the program to identify strengths and weaknesses, monitor performance and ensureaccountability - and reveal future directions.

16Section 3.How to introducea waste reductionprogram3.5 Determining a vision and terms of reference forthe eco/green groupA vision and terms of reference for the group will help its members, and thepublic, understand the waste reduction development process. This alsoshows the group is not merely a marketing exercise and encourages supportfrom, for example, Zero Waste SA, Environment Protection Authority, othergovernment agencies, KESAB, schools and environmental groups.Example vision for green action groupTo add a comprehensive environmental focus to a centre’s retail andmanagement operations and to raise community awareness of generalenvironmental issues through a range of educational and promotionalactivities within the centre.Example terms of reference forgreen action groupThe group will:■ become familiar with the basicprinciples of ecologicallysustainable development (ESD)(see definitions below)■ be familiar with the process ofdeveloping a waste reductionprogram for the centre■ set priorities for issues that affectthe centre and its stakeholders■ establish baseline data forcurrent issues in the centre■ set objectives to achieve thegroup’s vision■ arrange action plans toimplement and evaluatethe policy■ ensure the process is ongoingand reviewed regularly■ be aware that retailers in shoppingcentres are in a continuousstate of change. New tenantsand staff need to be inductedand fully informed of policiesand if interested, be given theopportunity to participate in theaction group.ESD definition‘Sustainable development isdevelopment that meets the needsof the present without compromisingthe ability of future generations tomeet their own needs.’(Our Common Future: The WorldCommission on Environmentand Development,G. Brundtland, ed., 1987).Australia’s National Strategyfor Ecologically SustainableDevelopment (1992) defines ESDas ‘using, conserving and enhancingthe community’s resources so thatecological processes, on whichlife depends, are maintained, andthe total quality of life, now and inthe future, can be increased’.

17Section 3.How to introduce a wastereduction program3.6 Setting objectivesEstablish a range of objectives for thewaste reduction program. Prioritiesfor minimising waste include:■ avoiding waste, which ineffect targets consumerbehaviour and purchasingchoices and promotes cleanerproduction initiatives■ reusing resources includingrefilling containers■ introducing effective recyclingprograms.Example objectives for ashopping centre■ Adopt and apply the principlesof ESD■ Adopt the best environmentalstandards available in all aspectsof centre operations■ Strive to minimise the use of allmaterials, supplies and energy,and wherever possible userenewable or recyclable materials■ Minimise waste produced andaim for ‘waste-free’ processes■ Encourage and expect similarenvironmental standards fromall suppliers, vendors andcontractors to the centre■ Effectively market the centre’senvironmental position■ Encourage retailer involvementin environmental action■ Communicate regularly withthe local community■ Continuously assess theenvironmental impact of allthe centre’s operations■ Raise community awarenessof general environmentalissues through a range ofeducational and promotionalactivities within the centre incooperation with recognisedenvironmental organisations.3.7 Consulting with andsurveying retailersA survey or personal contact willascertain whether retailers haveideas or suggestions for, or concernsabout, establishing a waste reductionprogram. Some retailers or areas inthe centre might already be usingsome great examples of goodenvironmental practice – it could bethe use of environmentally friendlycleaning products, or reuse orrecycling of materials.Surveying also provides amechanism for effectivecommunication with retailersand feedback from them. Theappendix has an example of asurvey form (Form 1).3.8 AssessmentproceduresAn audit or assessment of currentwaste management practices at theshopping centre will help establishwhich areas require action, who isresponsible, and where and whenthe activity takes place.Assessed elements should includewaste management and minimisation,education and training as wellas marketing opportunities. Theappendix has an example of anaudit form (Form 2).

18Section 3.How to introduce a wastereduction program3.9 Developing an action plan and setting prioritiesThe objectives, feedback from retailers and assessment data are the ingredients for the eco/green action group todetermine actions and prioritise them in an action plan.An action plan ensures the waste reduction program is efficiently managed. The plan identifies a timeframe,monitors progress, identifies resources, determines a budget and sets up an evaluation process.A typical action plan is included in the appendix (Form 3).Action plan issuesWaste minimisation and recycling■ Office systems■ Paper and cardboard■ Plastics■ PET bottles and containers, cans and glass■ Compostible material■ Grease arrestors■ Toxic or hazardous materials■ Public systemsCommunity and retailer education■ Marketing alternatives■ Schools program■ Eco corner/centre in centres■ Internal communications■ External communications■ Developing opportunities topromote positive achievements

19Introducing the waste management hierarchyThe waste management hierarchy is an ordered sequence of initiatives thatcan be used to identify steps to reduce waste within a shopping centre. Its 7levels move from preferred at the top to least referred at the bottom. Avoidingwaste is the most desirable option in the hierarchy with the disposal of wastebeing the least-preferred option.Section 4.Identifying wasteminimisationopportunitiesMost PreferrableAVOIDREDUCEREUSERECYCLERECOVERTREATMENTDISPOSALLeast PreferrableAVOID: not producing/purchasingmaterials which will become wasteREDUCE: producing/purchasingless materials which willbecome wasteREUSE: using materials morethan once before recycling ordisposing of themRECYCLE: remanufacturingused materials into newproducts/resourcesRECOVER: capturing otherwisewasted resources (e.g. recoveringand using heat from electricitygeneration processesTREATMENT: treating materials tominimise harmful effects on land,water or airDISPOSAL: releasing materials/pollutants to land, water or air

204.1 Avoiding waste(most preferred)Complete removal of components orpackaging from production; changesto production processesPotential waste areasProduct design■ Where possible, encouragechange in product design toreduce materials consumptionPackaging/materials■ Avoid the need for plasticshrink wrapping■ Encourage suppliers to providecrates instead of pallets■ Negotiate with suppliers toremove unnecessary packagingfrom products■ Encourage retailers to useproducts made of recyclablematerial and packaged inrecycled materialGarden design■ Create mulched gardens insteadof lawns around centres■ Use native plants to reducewater useWays to avoid wasteOffer alternatives■ Encourage the use of reusableand refillable productsEducate/raise awarenessIn partnership with recognisedenvironmental organisationsorganisations such as KESAB:■ arrange community awarenesspromotions on waste streamsand public action■ introduce displays of availablereusable and recycled productsfor retailers and shoppers4.2 Reducing wasteChanges to a product or processto reduce the waste it produces orgeneratesPotential waste areasProduct design■ Encourage manufacturers tochange product design in orderto use fewer materialsPackaging/materials■ Encourage suppliers and retailersto use only as much wrapping orpackaging material as required■ Discourage the use ofpolystyrene boxes and filling■ Reuse cardboard boxes beforepurchasing new ones■ Encourage the use of reusableplates and cutlery in food courts■ Use signs as a reminder toreduce waste and recycle.Potential savingsEnergy savings■ When purchasing newequipment, select the mostenergy efficient item■ Adjust timing switches to suitseasonal needs■ Evaluate public lighting areas■ Use energy efficient lightingWater savings■ Check for dripping taps andfaulty cisterns■ Encourage the use ofenvironmentally preferred and/orbiodegradable cleaning agentsSection 4.Identifying wasteminimisationopportunitiesMaterials savingsIn the office introduce proceduresthat limit waste:■ encourage the use of recycledpaper■ organise collection of officepaper for recycling■ print documents on both sidesof paper■ reuse the blank side of used paperfor notes or in-office memos■ recycle used print/copycartridges■ reduce paper use by using email■ limit printouts to necessaryitems only.In the shopping centre■ provide information to retailersand shoppers to encouragesupport for waste reductionA green checklist for retailers (Form4) and a green guide for shoppers(Form 5) can be foundin the appendix.

21Section 4.Identifying wasteminimisation opportunities4.3 ReuseFeatures enabling a product to be reused many times, such as more durablerefill packs and reusable containersReuse initiativesPackaging/materials■ Encourage suppliers to provide rigid plastic crates as alternative todisposable cardboard boxes■ Identify and encourage suppliers/retailers to reuse cardboard boxesor other ‘waste’ productsOrganic materials■ Ensure trimmed branches from the centre’s gardens are mulchedand reused as surface mulch or compost■ Encourage, where possible and practicable, systems to remove organicmaterials from waste stream (in-vessel organic systems dramaticallyreduce the amount of putrescible waste to landfill)CASE STUDYCentro Colonnades is the firstshopping centre in Australia tointroduce a Peat’s Soil BiobiNorganic system. Discarded fruit,vegetable and other organicmaterials are stored onsite asan alternative to disposal tolandfill. Since the system wasintroduced in 2000, over 400tonnes of green organics hasbeen composted and recycled toproduce a rich mulch product.

22Section 4.Identifying wasteminimisationopportunitiesOffer alternatives■ Encourage suppliers and retailers to look at alternatives such as refills inoriginal containers■ Introduce alternative and reusable shopping bags instead of plastic bagsDevelop partnerships■ Develop a partnership with the water authority to promote waterreuse schemes■ Look to local schools, kindergartens and/or environmental groups toreuse materials no longer required by retailers, such as:■ polystyrene boxes to greening or tree planting groups for plantpropagation or kindergartens■ packaging and/or paper to a local kindergarten for art classes■ film canisters to cosmetics firms for samplesThe green checklist in the appendix (Form 4) has more hints for retailers.4.4 RecyclingProcesses for reforming materials used into new articles; opportunities forcash returnA successful recycling program needs suitable markets for the recycledmaterial. The support of a professional waste management organisationshould facilitate market development and other opportunities.EquipmentRecycling equipment in a shopping centre can vary with the needs, sizeof centres and available markets for recycling. Clearly identify all recyclingequipment with consistent and effective signs to encourage use and toeliminate contamination.Bin typesNormal council-style ‘wheelie’ bins of 120 or 240 cubic litre capacity can beused for general rubbish or for recycling purposes at designated areas. Theycan be transported to one or more separation sites for:■ compacting for landfill waste■ recycling of paper/cardboard, bottles, cans or PET plastic■ composting.

23Section 4.Identifying wasteminimisationopportunitiesWheeled ‘skip’ type refuse storagereceptacles of 1.5 or 2 cubic metrecapacity with close-fitting lids arethe preferred receptacles for generalwaste. Some centres may also wish touse them for recycling large amountsof paper and cardboard. If so, paintindividual bins in different colours andfeature signs to differentiate them.In the shopping centre■ Introduce recycling collectionsites for shoppers to deposit:■ PET plastic, bottles andaluminium or steel cans■ used printer and tonercartridges■ corks■ batteriesIn retail shops■ Introduce an effective paper andcardboard recycling system■ Encourage recycling of oil andbatteries from motor vehiclemaintenance services■ Arrange the recycling of grease,fats and frying oilsVarious other receptacles can besourced that comply with particularrecycling systems:■ paper recycling boxes for eachretailer supplied by a recognisedorganisation, for example Amcor,SITA and Visy■ well designed and simple mallfurniture to enable shoppers todeposit rubbish separately frombottles, cans and PET plastics■ any other recognised receptaclethat provides an easy, effectiveand safe complement torecycling systems within aretail environment.Recycling initiativesIn the office■ Introduce an efficient paper andcardboard recycling systemfor retailers and within centremanagement offices■ Ensure printer and copier tonercartridges are refilled or recycledCASE STUDYCentro Colonnades’ system forbottles, cans and PET items hasbeen in operation within the centre’sshopping malls with funds raiseddirected towards local schools andenvironmental groups in programsthat assist the environment. Over40 000 items have been recycledand diverted from landfill over6 years.CASE STUDYAn average 2 to 3 tonnesis recycled from CentroColonnades each week. Since1995, the centre has recycledover 1300 tonnes of paper andcardboard. This system haseffectively reduced the centre’swaste to landfill by two-thirds.

24Section 4.Identifying wasteminimisation opportunitiesIn construction and garden operations■ Ensure any building rubble associated with, for example, renovations isremoved and encourage contractors to recycle it■ Ensure gardening staff at the shopping centre recycle green wasteDevelop partnerships, educate/raise awareness■ Check with local council on the materials that can be recycled and ifthe council can assist with the recycling process■ Continue to inform and educate retailers and shoppers on therecycling system■ Encourage their continuing support to minimise and eliminatecontaminationForm 5 in the appendix lists educational materials.CASE STUDYAn innovative fluro tube recycling program is in place within CentroColonnades as a partnership approach to reducing the potential threat ofheavy metals polluting landfill sites. Partners include the City of Onkaparinga,Christies Beach High School, Onkaparinga TAFE College and NoarlungaHealth Services. See the Waste Services Directory for details of companieswhich recycle fluro tubes.4.5 Waste treatmentProcesses that reduce the toxicity of waste or reduce volume before disposalWaste treatment initiatives■ Arrange for the separation of materials collected from public recyclingareas within the malls before transporting to recycling organisation■ Ensure trimmed branches from centre’s gardens are mulched and reused■ Establish facilities and/or collection of hazardous wastes, including drycleaning chemicals

25Section 4.Identifying waste4.6 Waste disposal (least preferred)Last resort and least-preferred option includes methods such as disposalof waste to landfill and other such displacement sitesminimisationopportunitiesAfter all avenues for waste minimisation have been exhausted, some wastemust go to landfill. The centre’s waste minimisation and managementprogram will dramatically reduce the current 90% or moreof all solid waste generated in Australia that is disposed of in landfill sites.As community resistance to new landfill sites near residential areas isincreasing, the scope for expanding capacity to meet continuing demand atthe current rate is restricted and disposal costs will continue to rise.An effective waste minimisation and management program at your shoppingcentre will reduce its waste management budget and decrease theenvironmental, social and economic impacts of its waste disposal.Develop a waste services directory (see appendix) for your shopping centrethat lists all services relevant to the needs of your waste management andminimisation program.

26Section 5.Improving generalenvironmentalperformance5.1 Why improve general environmental performance?Many activities of people and business in today’s world consume large amounts of natural resources and release wasteproducts. Pollution from business activities can find its way back into the natural environment where it can impact anddiminish nature’s ability to recover from human intervention.Business activities are sustainable only if natural resources can be used in a way that allows the environment to retainthe capability to produce and recover from this impact. Improved general environmental performance will also helpreduce waste production – the two go hand in hand.Clean and healthy shopping centres take every opportunity to minimisepollution and introduce measures to control potential pollution sources.Green shopping centres practise:■ energy conservation■ water conservation/stormwater management■ pollution control including air, odour and noise■ environmental purchasing.5.2 Energy conservationMost of our energy is derived from burning non-renewable fossil fuels whichreleases carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere and contributesto the greenhouse effect and to general air pollution.Most energy is used in lighting, cooling and heating. Positive action in energyconservation can limit the impact on the environment and save money as well.

27Section 5.Improving generalenvironmentalperformanceConserving energy■ Turn off lights out of workinghours■ Turn off lights and airconditionersin areas not used with manualswitches, movement sensors ortiming devices■ Turn off computer equipmentwhen not in use■ Select office equipment, suchas copiers and printers, that useless power when on standby■ Encourage retailers to installenergy-efficient fluorescentglobes which save energy andmoney■ Install time clocks on equipmentthat needs power only at specificperiods of operation■ Encourage the planting of treesas they absorb carbon dioxidefrom the atmosphere■ Explore alternative technologies,such as solar power for hot watergeneration and heating/coolingEnergy savings can be realisedby adopting ‘good housekeeping’energy maintenance techniques.Regular energy audits will helpcentres with energy efficiency,and save energy and money.CASE STUDYAdelaide Central Plaza’s installation of a cogeneration plant enablessubstantially reduced operating costs and minimises greenhouse gasemissions. Green power is also available to tenants at a small extra costper kilowatt hour. The centre’s upgrade of their power metering system nowmonitors areas of high or unnecessary usage to identify potential areas forcost savings.

28Section 5.Improving generalenvironmentalperformanceCASE STUDYWestfield Marion has dramatically reduced water consumption, and costs for retailers, since it introduced initiatives in2004-05. Consumption has dropped by 19% overall, and 12.4% in the second year of the program, by:■ redesigning cooling towers to improve efficiency■ replacing overhead sprinklers with drippers in garden beds■ programming timers on lawn sprinklers to operate in the early morning to reduce evaporation■ installing flow-controlled, vandal-proof aerators on taps in public restrooms.5.3 Water conservationWater is essential for allliving things.Better water management andconservation in a retail shoppingenvironment has many benefits:it saves money and energy, itreduces pollution of waterwayswithin our communities, itaesthetically improves surroundingsand it can limit impact on ouraquatic and coastal environment.The following elements of waterconservation and management relateto general use of water and stormwaterpollution prevention methods.Australia is the driest developedcontinent on earth; it makes goodsense that we use and dispose ofwater as thoughtfully as possible. Itmakes good business sense as wellbecause it can save you money.Conserving water■ Check that toilet area tapsand cisterns aren’t dripping andmonitor them regularly■ Ensure that waterconservation devices areinstalled including dual-flushtoilets and, if applicable,low-flow shower roses■ Consult with centre gardeningstaff to ensure that efficientand effective irrigation systemsare installed, green waste ismulched, hours of wateringmonitored to reduce evaporationloss and planting practices arereviewed for selection of suitableplant species■ Ensure that gardening staffwater gardens and not concreteand bitumen■ Ensure that cleaning staff usephosphate-free cleaning productsto reduce nutrient levels■ Distribute water conservationadvice to retailers and encouragethe use of environmentallyfriendly cleaning products■ Use recycled paper in toilets■ Develop a partnership withrelevant water authority topromote water conservationand reuse schemes

295.4 StormwatermanagementRunoff from large open spacesadjacent to centres can gatherenormous amounts of rubbish,pollutants and waste and depositthem in adjacent waterwaysincluding rivers and creeks, andeventually our coastal environment.Managing stormwater■ Ensure waste storage andcollection areas are roofed toprevent stormwater access, orat the least ensure waste skipshave lids to prevent entry ofrainwater or waste dispersedby wind■ Ensure all putrescible waste isenclosed in sealed containersbefore disposal into industrialwaste bins■ Keep service alleys andwaste collection areas clearof loose rubbish■ Consult the local water authorityon stormwater diversionsystems for loading bays■ Audit sites regularly toensure there are no incorrectconnections, for examplefloor drains to stormwater orstormwater to sewer■ Install, service and maintain litterinterception devices in centrestormwater entries■ If possible, direct stormwater tolandscaped areas or speciallydesigned dedicated grass swalesto filter water before it enters thestormwater system■ Ensure that staff andretailers sweep rather thanhose down areas■ Be aware of the dangers fromcigarette butts; install ‘butt bins’in outside areas and ensure thatcleaners regularly monitor them■ Place clearly labelled litterbins in prominent positions inparking areas■ Develop a relationship with localcatchment water managementauthorities to networkopportunities for mutual benefit■ Ensure gardening staff reduceherbicide use for weed control■ Arrange for steam cleaning ofsurfaces affected by unsightlydeposits, such as gum and oilSection 5.Improving generalenvironmentalperformanceCASE STUDYStockland Parabanks’ usesstormwater drain stencilling programvisual methods to raise communityawareness of the need to protectlocal waterways through effectivecontrol of litter and waste. Drainsare also regularly maintained toremove build up of any wastematerials together with a programfor sweeping of car park areas tominimise litter problems.CASE STUDYNumerous centres are providingdedicated cigarette butt bins forsmokers in designated areas awayfrom entrances to comply with newsmoking legislation. Smokers areencouraged to use bins in preferenceto discarding butts on footpaths or ingutters and eventually ending up inlocal waterways.

30Section 5.Improving general5.5 Pollution controlMake the shopping environment in your centre as comfortable as possiblefor shoppers and retailers by complying with government regulations, andcontrolling air, odour and noise pollution.environmentalperformanceControlling pollutionAir■ Ensure that air monitoring audits are regular and sample: temperature,humidity, dust, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, micro-organisms,airborne asbestos and others as required by relevant standards■ Arrange for regular sampling of Legionella bacteria from cooling towers■ Regularly examine air handling units inside ductworks■ Raise centre managment, retailer and community awareness of ozone layerdepletion issues, for example fridge gas, car airconditioners and halon gasdisposal, through a cooperative approach with government authorities■ Promote tree planting to filter and cool air around centresOdour■ Install odour extractors in toilets■ Install extractors into loading areas to eliminate vehicle fumes■ Install deodorisers in and around waste compactorsNoise■ Monitor excess noise in and around centres■ Monitor external contractors and apply conditions to limit noise■ Consider the noise impact when purchasing new plant and equipment

31Section 5.Improving generalenvironmentalperformance5.6 Environmental purchasingShopping centres and retailers, as major purchasers of goods and services, arein a position to exercise considerable influence on certain product markets.In looking to introduce an effective environmental purchasing policy, centresmust first review existing policies and ensure that new policies promote thepurchase of products that minimise waste and environmental impact.An environmental purchasing policyin a retail environment should:■ establish purchasing guidelinesfor waste prevention (durability,concentration, reuse andhigh quality)■ consider the length of warrantyand availability of repairs whenpurchasing equipment■ perform life cycle cost analysison products, assessingmaintenance, energy and wateruse and disposal methods■ allow a price preference fordurable, reusable, repairable andrecycled products■ purchase refillable orreusable products■ purchase in bulk to minimisepackaging■ order merchandise with minimalpackaging or layersof packaging■ avoid or minimise the purchaseof products that can causeenvironmental harm such ascleaning materials, preservatives,pesticides and fungicides■ look to eliminate thepurchase of products thatcontain toxic materials■ request that deliveries betransported in returnablecontainers■ place orders by phone or email■ encourage ‘environmentallyfriendly’ products created locallyand/or regionally■ refuse any packaging thatuses styrene foam■ provide educational materialto retailers and staff regardingwaste prevention throughpurchasing.Form 4 and Form 5 in the appendixhave more hints for retailers.

32School holiday activities focusingon environmental topicsSection 6.Marketing alternativesShopping centres can gain a competitive advantage indeveloping and gaining positive marketing alternativesfrom their improved environmental and wasteminimisation performance.Target audiences should include:■ retailers■ customers (existing and new)■ schools in the centre’scatchment areas■ credible and establishedenvironmental organisations.A broad range of promotionaloptions becomes available witha focused approach to raisingenvironmental performance withinshopping centres.This includes a host of opportunitiesto provide wholesome, educationalschool holiday activities and ongoingcommunity awareness raising andenvironmental education displays.Various hands-on, interactiveactivities can be introduced andinclude building animals from papiermâché;‘Come and wriggle withworms’; ‘Find out what to do withworm poo’; ‘Check out compostcreatures’; ‘Cuddle a koala’; ‘Haveyour photo taken with the EasterBilby’ and more.Recognised environmentalorganisations, environmentalprotection authorities, governmentdepartments, national parksagencies, as well as localgovernment departments haveresources available to assist inthis area. Opportunities are availableto initiate partnerships betweencentres and the environmentalnetwork for mutual benefit.Local schools’ environmental activitiesalso provide opportunities forcentres to develop, build and extendrelationships within their communities.

33Section 6.Marketingalternatives6.1 CommunicatingeffectivelyThe community can’t favour a greenshopping centre unless it is informedof its new environmental activities,programs and services.Effective communication withtarget audiences maximises theopportunities associated with ashopping centre’s aim to reduceenvironmental impacts andbuilds relationships with the localcommunity. Here are some ideas.Eco corner/areaIntroduce a bright, colourful area setaside and dedicated to promotingenvironmental action. It is a positiveway of involving the community andpromoting current issues.■ Focus on three displayelements – what’s happeningin centres, what’s happeningin the community and how thecommunity can be involved ortake action.■ Set up and change displaysregularly.■ Establish a network withenvironmental organisations,levels of government and localschools to promote examplesof positive, proactiveenvironmental action.■ Ensure promotional materialsare graphical; keep text to aminimum.■ Use the KISS principle inarranging display materials:keep it simple – literacy levelsvary greatly.Eco awardsIntroduce environmental awardsthat recognise and encouragepositive action within thecommunity. The award couldbe directed at action within schools,environmental organisations or thegeneral community.Encourage retailers and staff toaim at achieving best practice inenvironmental improvements byintroducing a regular retailer and/orcentre staff award to recognisepositive action.

34CPC55 World Enviro Day Press 27/5/05 2:18 PM Page 1World Environment DayCelebrationsThursday 2nd June, Centre Court, Lower Level at Centro ColonnadesFree fun from the South Australian Museum10am-8pm Exciting insect displays.Information from Energy SA andOnkaparinga Catchment WaterManagement Board.1pm-6pm Snakes, spiders and reptilesup close.Mr Show & Tell discusses flora,fauna and the environment.4pm-7pm Recycled materials craftworkshop. (5-12 year olds).6pm-6:30pm Captain Splash performanceon water and the environment.ABC Adelaide Live from Centro Colonnades4pm-6pm Grant Cameron from 891 ABCairs live for drive.10am-8pmFree Cottage MulchStop plastic bags from going to landfill andswap 10 plastic shopping bags for a bag ofCottage Mulch. The Cottage Mulch is producedby Peats Soil & Garden Supplies, from the largevolumes of fruit and vegetable waste disposedof by various retailers and collected in theBiobiN. All plastic bags exchanged for theCottage Mulch will be recycled through CentroColonnades’ plastics recycling program.Colonnades✔✔✔✔recycling factsCentro Colonnades has anextensive recycling program,which reduces waste from going tolandfill. Look at the fantastic resultsso far:-Paper & Cardboard - since 1996over 1300 tonnes recycled.Plastics - over 16 tonnes divertedfrom landfill and recycled SinceJuly 2000.BiobiN green organic system -Since January 2001 over 285 tonnes.Foam - 220 bales of foam recycledsince the recycling introduction inJanuary 2004.Raising community awarenessthrough effective advertisingsouthernlifeCPC55Section 6.MarketingalternativesBeach Road Noarlunga Centre 8384 2000CommunicationThink about ways of communicating with your target audience:■ Promote environmental issues in direct mail or in-centre publications,and reinforce positive action within centres and the community.■ Link ‘green’ information in media advertising to promote specific issues.■ Coordinate a monthly ‘green’ column as an advertorial within the localpress. Take the opportunity to promote action within centres. Look toencourage the local community to contribute – a great way to developstrong, mutually beneficial relationships.A centre’s positive effect of raising environmental performance can bepromoted in other ways:■ Nominate the waste reduction program within your centre for localgovernment or environmental awards or recognition. Recognition raisespublic awareness but more importantly it encourages continuing actionwithin your centre.■ Where possible, get involved in local fairs and school fetes topromote environmental action at your centre. If possible, sponsor anenvironmental element of the activities.■ Reinforce positive action with continuous educational materials, toencourage retailers and shoppers to continue with their positivegreen actions.A fully integrated marketing plan promoting the development of a wastereduction program is only constrained by the imagination.

35Section 7.Getting ready for theplastic bag banBusinesses should start planning now in the expectation that single use plastic bags will bebanned from South Australia by the end of 2008.CASE STUDYA major promotional highlight hasbeen Centro Colonnades’ successfulWorld Environment Day, ‘Swap 10plastic shopping bag for a bag ofmulch’ promotion. Shoppers areencouraged to bring along usedplastic bags in exchange for a bagof Cottage Mulch, produced throughthe centre’s BiobiN organic storage/collection system. A great exampleof the recycle loop. Over 5000plastic shopping bags are recycledthrough the centre’s plastic recyclingsystem each promotion, and overthe past 3 years that’s over 18 000recycled plastic bags.Up to 6.9 billion plastic bags are used in Australia annually, 8% in SouthAustralia, and the majority will end up in landfill. Up to 6.01 billion of thoseare the single-use bags which will be banned in South Australia.Plastic bags take 20 to 2000 years to decompose and not only are they endingup in landfill, they’re also finding their way into stormwater, rivers and streamsand floating out to sea, where they are killing marine creatures and birds.South Australians have embraced reusable bags when shopping. They arehighly visible in supermarkets, and more and more people are using them.Zero Waste SA’s market research has found that South Australians accept theneed to stop using single-use plastic bags and consider that once they havebeen banned, shoppers and retailers will quickly adapt.What you can do■ Don’t stockpile a large volume of single use plastic bags – you will not beable to use them from the end of 2008.■ Offer reusable bag options with your logo printed for sale to customers,such as recycled paper, calico, polypropylene (green bags). A list of suppliersproviding an alternative to plastic bags can be found on Zero Waste SA’swebsite at www.zerowaste.sa.gov.au/pdf/plastic_bag_alternatives.pdf.Also check out:■ Planet Ark at: www.planetark.com/campaignspage.cfm/newsid/59/newsDate/7/story.htm■ KESAB environmental solutions atwww.kesab.asn.au/betterbag/index.htm■ In the lead up to the banning of the bags, train staff to ask customers‘Do you need a bag?’ with their purchase and to pack an appropriateamount of items in each bag.■ Begin a plastic bag reuse system. Display signs reminding customersto bring their own bags and provide incentives through specialpromotional activities.

36Section 8.ConclusionA successful waste reduction program will provide a varietyof benefits that, if managed effectively, will reduce costswhile reducing the environmental impact of centres.Shopping centres that take the environmental management initiative canbe rewarded by retaining self regulation as well as building relationshipsamong and gaining greater respect from retailers, staff and customers.By taking this first initiative in improving environmental performance, ashopping centre will be in a position to better understand its businessand future trends in technology. It will also be well positioned to grabmarketing opportunities in an increasingly demanding and criticalmarketplace.

37AppendixForm 1. Example survey of retailersForm 2. Waste management and recycling audit formForm 3. Example shopping centre green action planForm 4. Green checklist for retailers and officesForm 5. Green guide for shoppersWaste Services Directory

38Form 1.Example surveyof retailers............................................................... Shopping Centre is looking to introduce a ‘green’ (environmentalimprovement) policy and would like your help become more environmentally responsible.What do you think are the most important environmental issues to focus on in theshopping centre?(Please number, in the order of priority, the issues you think should be addressed)■■■■■■Recycling/waste managementConserving energyEnvironmental purchasing policyPollution (air, stormwater or odour)Conserving waterOther (please specify)Information to help introduce a green policyDoes your shop/company (please tick either yes or no) Yes NoRecycle paper &/or cardboard, etc?Have an environmental purchasing policy?Use recycled products? (if yes, please describe)Reuse materials discarded through the shopping process?Use environmentally safe cleaning products?Use any type of energy saving methods?Promote the use of alternative shopping bags?Name...............................................................Date..........................Business............................................................................................

39Form 1.Example surveyof retailersDo you have any other ideas for a green policy?If you have any suggestions for environmental improvements for our shopping centre, please let centre managementknow or write them in the space below.It could be ways your business could contribute to helping our environmentorways that your business is already helping the environment in our shopping centre.If you would like to know more about what is happening, or become more involved in a green action group, pleasecontact ................................................... in centre management (phone no: ...............................).Ideas and suggestions please

40Form 2.Waste management andrecycling audit formWaste elementPaper & cardboardOffice systemsphotocopy papertoilet paperpromotional infoPlasticsCans, glass, bottles etcCigarette buttsCompostible materialgarden wastegreengrocers’ materialsOther, e.g. toxic, hazardousChemicals used by cleanersdry cleanersphoto shopsotherGrease and fatsFoamcoffee/tea cupsgreengrocer cartons/boxesNotes on current situationResources use formEnergyLightinginternal externalWater useInternaltoiletsotherExternalgarden useotherStormwater systemsDrainscar parking areasloading docks/bays, etcOther

41Form 3.Sample shopping centregreenaction planArea of operation Current situation Required outcome Responsibility Time frameGreen policy process• Arrange retailer survey Unaware of retailer interest Respond to retailers with results• Initiate green action group Coordinated by centremanagement/ consultantInvolve retailers in green actiongroupIrregular meetingsMeet monthly to develop greenpolicyWaste managementand recycling• Waste audit No audit in place Finalise audit• Paper & cardboard No system in place with Increase on monthly tonnageswaste contractor• Office systemsPart systems in place incl Establish effective systemsuse of recycled paper forphotocopying, toilet paperand promotional brochures• PlasticsDisposed of through wastestreamSeparate and recycle wherepossible• Cans, glass, bottles etc No system in place Arrange collection by local recyclersFunds to local environmental groupsand/or scouts• Compostible materialGarden wasteGreengrocers’ materialsSystem in placeNo system in placeMulched & composted by gardenersGreen organics to be separated& deposited in in-vessel organicstorage/collection container• Other, e.g. toxic,No systems in place for Hazardous waste plan in placehazardouschemicals from majors,dry cleaners, photoprocessors• Grease arrestors Emptied each 3 months Maintain current agreement• Foam cups No system in place Collect for reuse by localenvironmental group• Greengrocer cartons/boxesNo system in place Encourage similar retailers torecycle• Fluoro tube lights No system in place Meet with council to arrange systemStormwater pollutionprevention• Stormwater drains Already arranged:Plan of drain positions Maintain updated drain planOngoingthrough councilAudit of drain positions Finalise audit OngoingDrain maintenance Clean drainage systemsprogramDrain waste collectionbasket installationClean drainage systems

42Form 3.Sample shopping centregreenaction planArea of operation Current situation Required outcome Responsibility Time frame• Bio cleaning products No policy in place Centre’s cleaners use bioproducts• Educate retailers/ community No program in place Raise awareness of need forclean drainsWater and energy conservation• Water conservation Already arranged: OngoingWater audit through SA Reduced water useWaterWater saving devicesinstalled e.g. in toiletsWater saving devices installede.g. in toiletsRegular inspections water Reduced water useequipment/ systems• Educate retailers/ community No program in place Raise awareness of need tosave water• Energy conservationAlready arranged:Energy audit through Reduced energy useEnergy SAEnergy saving devices Reduced energy useinstalledRegular inspections of Reduced energy useOngoingenergy equipment• Educate retailers/ community No program in place Raise awareness of need tosave energyMarketingPromotionsEducate retailers/community• Initiate ‘green news’ incentre Nothing in placeRaise retailer awarenessnewsletter and promote greenpolicy• Initiate program of activity No program in place Raise awareness of green policydevelopment through broadrange of promotions/displays,etc• Initiate partnerships for supportwith e.g. KESAB, NRM Boards,Minimal support fromstakeholdersInvolve council, Zero Waste SA,EPATrees for Life, Energy SA,SA Water• Investigate local presspromotion green policyAdvertising involvement Regular ‘green’ tips, etc topromotedevelopment• Initiate community awardprogram development throughrecognition of local school/community green actionsNo program in place Raise awareness of green policy

43Form 4.Green checklist for retailersand officesThis checklist is a guide only. Please modify it to suit conditions at your shop or office. Use it as a starting point forideas on making your workplace environmentally friendly and cutting costs.Task Implemented/comments DateStaff survey of current workplace practicesDevelopment of a green team (monthly meeting)Electronic copies of phone directories, white and yellow pages80–100% recycled paper80–100% recycled toilet paper and hand towelsAppliances and equipment energy efficient (4*)• photocopiers• fax machines• fridges• dishwashers• microwavesEnergy efficiency education workshop for staff• switch off lights• open blinds• shut down equipment not used after hours and weekends• efficient heating/cooling systemsTimers installed where possibleComputer screen saversPaper recycling• individual paper recycling boxes• centralised paper bins (at photocopier/printer)• shredder for confidential docs then recyclePaper reduction• reuse paper for notes, drafts and internal memos as scribble pads forphone messages• use double-sided photocopying mode• noticeboards or meetings for information• email messages and information• replace thermal fax machines with plain paper faxEnergy efficient lightingCo-mingled recycling of plastic, glass, steel cans, aluminium and milkcartonsList of preferred environmentally friendly products for purchasingDisposable cups, plates and cutlery phased out

44Form 4.Green checklist for retailersand officesTask Implemented/comments DatePhotocopier• rapid start from cold• standby mode• duplexing option• ability to use recycled paperWorm farm or composting systemOld electrical and computer goods recycledAA or AAA water efficient devices installed• dual flush toilets• water efficient shower heads• waterwise gardens• automatic irrigation systemsWorkplace TravelSmart• carpooling• use of public transport• facilities for bike riders• using email, telephone and video conferencing as an alternative to travel• make car fleets available during work hoursAudits (monitor and report on progress to centre management)Audit paper recyclingAudit energy consumptionType and quantity of waste produced in the workplaceAudit water useRegular inspections and maintenance of water and energy equipmentPolicies and contractsSet environmental targetsCleaning contracts include paper collection (including cardboard andphone books)Organise recycling into cleaning contractsPurchasing policy – recycled content products where possible

45Form 5.Green guide for shoppersDoing more by choosing lessThis green shopping guide can help you limit your impact on the environment and save you money as well.Did you know that we are quickly running out of space in Australia to place landfill and other waste sites? Did you know thatevery day each person in Australia generates about 2 kilograms of waste?Even though we are recycling (keep up the good work) it’s still not enough. With a little more effort we can reduce waste evenmore. Please think before you buy and buy only what you need, and help conserve resources while you shop. About one-thirdof our household waste comes from product packaging.Here are some ways you can help.PackagingPackaging is now one of the biggest industries in Australia. Some packaging is necessary for health and shelf life reasons butexcess packaging costs you more money.Take a little care before you buy and you can save money. Next time you go shopping, check out products on the shelf:choose those with the least packaging. Try to avoid single use or overly wrapped items.Choose to put less packaging in your ‘green’ shopping trolley. Think a little to leave a lot less behind for future generations.Recycled productsWhen shopping, always try to choose recycled products. Fewer natural resources and less energy are needed to makerecycled products. So, when you buy recycled products, you’re helping to conserve our limited resources.Check the label before making your purchase. Make a point of buying products that have the familiar three arrow logo. Oneway to check out if certain products are made from recycled material is the colour of the unprinted side – if it’s grey and notwhite, it’s recycled. Some products are marketed as being recyclable; that means that they can be recycled.Reusable not disposableDisposable products may be convenient but they also create more waste and add to already overcrowded landfill sites. Try tolimit your use of disposables and look for products you can reuse.Examples: a sponge not throwaway wipes, rechargeable batteries, washable plates and cups not one use paper plates andcups, cloth napkins not disposable ones, razors with replaceable blades, not disposables, and reduce or eliminate the use ofdisposable lighters and non-refillable pens.Look out for reusable or refillable containers: buy spaghetti sauce in a glass jar, then reuse or recycle the jar; reuse differentsized plastic containers with lids, instead of buying aluminium foil, plastic bags or plastic wrap.Buy in bulkBuying in bulk not only uses less packaging, it also saves you money. Try to limit the use of over-wrapped, single servepackages. A tiny inconvenience is a big help to the environment.Buy concentrates such as drink mixes, cleaners and biodegradable cleaners; buy the biggest possible and practical containerof non-perishable items or those with a long shelf life, and put manageable amounts in reusable, smaller containers foreveryday use.

46Form 5.Green guide for shoppersPaper or plasticTake along your own reusable shopping bags when shopping, instead of using paper or plastic bags. Canvas, calico or stringbags are light and convenient to carry and can be reused many times. Get into the habit of keeping reusable bags in the car ornear the front door – and save an incredible amount of paper and plastic.If you’re only buying one or two items, go without a bag. Every bag costs the store money – that means you pay for it ... andso does the environment.You can make a differenceIf you see a product that’s over packaged, that’s not made from recycled materials, tell the store manager or write to themanufacturer. Your preferences are important to them and your opinion counts. So take a minute to write a note. The addresscan often be found on the back of the package. Your efforts won’t go to waste.A few more helpful ‘green’ shopping tips■ Try not to overbuy, always plan your shopping list■ Buy products that can be recycled or are made from recycled materials■ Avoid over packaged goods■ Buy bulk instead of single use packages■ ReuseHousehold and beauty■ Choose pump instead of aerosol■ Buy concentrates and biodegradables■ Buy refillables■ Avoid paper cups and plates■ Buy paper products with high recycled material content■ Avoid pump toothpastes (tubes use three times less plastic)■ Avoid squeezable plastic bottles (often have much higher plastic content, not easily recyclable)Dairy■ Buy milk in recyclable large containers■ Avoid single servings■ Avoid eggs in polystyrene cartons unless they are recyclable■ Buy juices in concentrate or recyclable large containersProduce■ Tell your grocer you won’t buy produce that’s over wrapped in plastic and polystyrene■ Avoid using an extra plastic bag for fruit and vegetables in their own natural ‘packaging’. Wash or peel them whenyou get homeCalifornian Integrated Waste Management Board and the Lower Great Southern Regional Recycling Committee, Albany WA,gave permission to reproduce elements of this guide.

47WasteServicesDirectoryDealing with a shopping centre’s waste streamsA shopping centre can generate a broad range of elements that make up the waste stream.To assist managers to deal with the reduction of waste, the following guide is designed to assist in minimising specificwaste to landfill and the recycling of materials, which will ultimately reduce costs to the centre.The organisations listed are able to offer a service to enable a positive outcome for shopping centre managers. ZeroWaste SA’s website www.zerowaste.sa.gov.au has a guide to recycling organisations as does the Yellow Pages.CARDBOARD AND PAPERAmcor Recycling142-146 Churchill RdDRY CREEK SA 5094Phone: 8260 1133www.amcor.comSITAPO Box 309ENFIELD PLAZA SA 5085Phone: 13 13 35www.sita.com.auVisy Recycling1 Oceansteamers RdPORT ADELAIDE SA 5015Phone: 8368 0406www.visy.com.auCleanaway3-7 Francis StreetPORT ADELAIDE SA 5015Phone: 13 13 39www.biscleanaway.comRemove All12 Angle Vale Cres.BURTON SA 5110Phone: 08 8280 8033info@removall.com.auwww.removall.com.auVeolia (formerly Collex)500 Churchill RdKILBURN SA 5084Phone: 8260 2122www.veolia.com.auPLASTICSAmcor Recycling142-146 Churchill RdDRY CREEK SA 5094Phone: 8260 1133www.amcor.comEnvirologixPO Box 1157GOLDEN GROVE SA 5125Phone: 1300 384 320SITAPO Box 309ENFIELD PLAZA SA 5085Phone: 13 13 35www.sita.com.auVeolia (formerly Collex)500 Churchill RdKILBURN SA 5084Phone: 08 8260 2122www.veolia.com.auRemove All12 Angle Vale Cres.BURTON SA 5110Phone: 08 8280 8033info@removall.com.auwww.removall.com.auFLURO TUBESSITAPO Box 309ENFIELD PLAZA SA 5085Phone: 13 13 35www.sita.com.auChemsal Pty Ltd83 Dohertys RoadLAVERTON NORTH VIC 3026Phone: 03 9369 4222enquiries@chemsal.com.auwww.chemsal.com.au

48WasteServicesDirectoryFOAM/POLYSTYRENEEnvirologixPO Box 1157GOLDEN GROVE SA 5125Phone: 1300 384 320ORGANIC MATERIALSPeats Soil and Garden SuppliesBiobin SystemIncluding vegetable, fruit, breadand food matterPO Box 66WILLUNGA SA 5172Phone: 08 8556 5295www.peatssoil.com.auVan Schaik’s Bio Gro Pty Ltd194 Jubilee Highway EastMOUNT GAMBIER SA 5290Phone: 08 8724 5555www.biogro.com.auJeffries412 Hanson Road NorthWINGFIELD SA 5013Phone: 8349 5588www.jeffriesgroup.com.auDEPOSIT CONTAINERSCans, glass, milk and juice cartons,etc. Various recyclers – refer yourlocal council.NON DEPOSIT CONTAINERSIncluding food and beverage glassRefer to waste managers as paperand cardboard recyclingCOOKING OILAs per paper and cardboardFERROUS METALS INCLUDINGSTEEL CANSAs per paper and cardboardPRINTER AND TONERCARTRIDGESSITAPO Box 309ENFIELD PLAZA SA 5085Phone: 13 13 35www.sita.com.auCORKSGuides SA278 South TceADELAIDE SA 5000Phone: 8418 0900www.guidessa.org.auOTHER, INCLUDING WASTEGENERATED FROM SHOP REFITSResourceCOPO Box 542WINGFIELD SA 5085Phone: 8347 3329www.resourceco.com.au

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