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The International Experience18Based on current estimates, EWEA predicts that 80,000 MW (80 GW) will be installed inthe EU by the end of 2010. The United Kingdom, France, Portugal and Italy are expectingannual average growth rates of over 20% between now and 2010.Wind Technology in DemandIn Europe, the wind energy industry has created benefits in terms of employment, investment,research and economic activity in the electricity sector. Today, Europe leads the world interms of the manufacturing and development of wind energy components and technology.Eight of the top ten turbine manufacturing companies are European. In 2007, the Europeanmarket was estimated to be worth approximately €25 billion, with European manufacturershaving a 75% share of the global market for wind turbines.As a rule of thumb installed wind power capacity costs are approx. €1,000/kW. In the period2001 to 2004, the global market for wind power capacity grew less than expected andcreated a surplus in wind turbine production capacity. Consequently, the price of windpower capacity went down dramatically and for some projects as low as €700-800/kW. Inthe past three years from 2005 to 2007, the global market for wind energy has increased by30-40% annually, and demand for wind turbines has surged, leading to increases in prices.Courtesy: EWEAThe graph above shows the European Commission’s assumptions on the developmentof onshore and offshore wind power capacity costs up to 2030. In addition, there aretwo curves that reflect the effect of the demand/supply on wind turbine prices in recentyears. EWEA assumes onshore wind energy prices of €1,300/kW in 2007 and offshoreprices of €2,300/kW. The steep increase in offshore cost reflects the limited number ofmanufacturers in the offshore market, the current absence of economies of scale due to lowmarket deployment and bottlenecks in the Supply Chain.Courtesy: EWEA
The International Experience19The table above shows the savings made based on the price of oil (per barrel) at US$120and CO 2 (per tonne) at €40. This should be looked at in light of current pricing.European Renewable Energy Targets of 20% by 2020The European Parliament has mandated a 20% by 2020 binding renewable energy targetfor all member states. Interim targets have been set for the implementation of wind, startingwith a measured starting point at 2007.Wind Industry Targets for 2007, 2010, 2020 and 20302007 2010 2020 203056 GW installedcapacity including1.08GW offshore8.5 GW annualincluding 0.2GWoffshore119 TWh productionincluding 4 TWhoffshoreMeeting 3.7% of totalEU demand80 GW installedcapacity including3.5GW offshore8.2 GW annualincluding 1.3 GWoffshore177 TWh productionincluding 13 TWhoffshoreMeeting 5.2% of totalEU demandAvoiding 91Mt of CO 2 Avoiding 133Mt ofCO 2Courtesy: EWEA/GWEC180 GW installedcapacity including35GW offshore16.8 GW annualincluding 6.8 GWoffshore477 TWh productionincluding 133 TWhoffshoreMeeting 14.3% oftotal EU demandAvoiding 328Mt ofCO 2300 GW installedcapacity including120GW offshore19.5 GW annualincluding 9.6 GWoffshore935 TWh productionincluding 469 TWhoffshoreMeeting 28.2% oftotal EU demandAvoiding 575Mt ofCO 2The graph below gives a clear visual of the proportion of onshore and offshore windimplementation. Offshore is by far the most attractive strategy as each wind turbine willyield so much more clean power. The output capacity of offshore wind turbines is the majorfocus of most wind turbine manufacturers. The current designs for wind turbines are nowreaching capacities of 5 to 7 MW per unit.Courtesy: EWEA/GWEC
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