Bluman A.G. Elementary Statistics- A Step By Step Approach

xContents7–4 Confidence Intervals for Variancesand Standard Deviations 385Summary 392CHAPTER8Hypothesis Testing 399Introduction 4008–1 Steps in HypothesisTesting—TraditionalMethod 4018–2 z Test for a Mean 413P-Value Method for Hypothesis Testing 4188–3 t Test for a Mean 4278–4 z Test for a Proportion 4378–5 x 2 Test for a Variance or Standard Deviation 4458–6 Additional Topics Regarding HypothesisTesting 457Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing 457Type II Error and the Power of a Test 459Summary 462CHAPTER9Testing the DifferenceBetween Two Means, TwoProportions, andTwo Variances 471Introduction 4729–1 Testing the Difference BetweenTwo Means: Using the z Test 4739–2 Testing the Difference Between TwoMeans of Independent Samples:Using the t Test 4849–3 Testing the Difference Between Two Means:Dependent Samples 4929–4 Testing the Difference Between Proportions 5049–5 Testing the Difference BetweenTwo Variances 513Summary 524Hypothesis-Testing Summary 1 532CHAPTER10Correlation andRegression 533Introduction 53410–1 Scatter Plots andCorrelation 535Correlation 53810–2 Regression 551Line of Best Fit 551Determination of the RegressionLine Equation 55210–3 Coefficient of Determinationand Standard Error of theEstimate 565Types of Variation for the RegressionModel 565Residual Plots 568Coefficient of Determination 569Standard Error of the Estimate 570Prediction Interval 57210–4 Multiple Regression (Optional) 575The Multiple Regression Equation 577Testing the Significance of R 579Adjusted R 2 579Summary 584CHAPTER11Other Chi-Square Tests 591Introduction 59211–1 Test for Goodnessof Fit 593Test of Normality(Optional) 59811–2 Tests Using ContingencyTables 606Test for Independence 606Test for Homogeneity of Proportions 611Summary 621CHAPTER12Analysis of Variance 629Introduction 63012–1 One-Way Analysis ofVariance 63112–2 The Scheffé Testand the Tukey Test 642Scheffé Test 642Tukey Test 64412–3 Two-Way Analysis ofVariance 647Summary 661Hypothesis-TestingSummary 2 669