MODULE 1: Infection Control and Waste Management - State ...

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• After using toilet or latrine• Before leaving work at the end of the day.Preparation: Water, soap, nail brush, Towel.Process: Routine Hand Washing1. Remove wrist watch, jewellery and make sure nails are clipped short; then wethands and wrist with running water. Do not wash hands in stagnant water.2. Apply soap (or any other lather forming detergent) and rub hands together tomake lather. Rinse soap and replace it back to soap dish.3. Rub the palm, back of the hand, finger webs, finger tips and nail beds, knuckles,thumb and wrist for at least 15 -30 seconds.4. Rinse the lather completely in the stream of running water.5. Dry hands in air.Fig 1: Routine Hand Washing Rinsing hands in a bowl of antiseptic is not a substitute for hand washing. If bar soap is used, it should be kept in a self drying soap dish as the watercollected around the soap might give rise to bacterial growth. Liquid soap solutions are better as it prevents chances of reuse and contamination. Do not use common hand towel after hand washing and prefer air dryinghands.12
Unit 1.3Antiseptics and DisinfectantsThis unit discusses about different types of antiseptics and disinfectants being used byhospitals and other health care settings.Learning Objectives:• Understand about various antiseptics and disinfectants.• Protecting antiseptics and disinfectants from getting contaminated.1.3.1 Definitions and Common UseAntiseptic: A chemical agent used on skin and mucous membranes, to reduce thenumber of microorganisms, with out causing any irritation or damage to skin. Antisepticsare not meant to be used on inanimate/ non-living objects such as instrument, surfacesetc. The common examples of antiseptics are – Savlon ®, Dettol ®, Betadine ®, Alcoholetc.Antiseptic solutions should never be used for non-living objects because it does not havethe same killing power as disinfectant.Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to kill microorganisms on inanimate/ non-livingobjects like instruments, floor, slabs, sheets etc. The common examples of disinfectantsare Lysol, Phenyl etc.Disinfectants are of two types:a. High level disinfectants (HLD) – High level disinfectant kills bacteria, virusesand fungi and few bacterial endospores. High-level disinfectants are used toprocess instruments, gloves or any other material which come in contact withbroken skin/ mucous membrane. e.g. chlorine solution, gluteraldehydeb. Low level disinfectants – Low level disinfectants may be used for cleaning ofsurfaces however high level disinfectants are preferred and should not be used forprocessing any instrument. e.g lysol, phenyl1.3.2 Protecting Antiseptics and Disinfectants from ContaminationAlthough antiseptics and disinfectants are used for killing microorganisms, they caneasily get infected if proper care is not taken. Antiseptics and disinfectants can becomeinfected when –• The water used for it’s dilution is contaminated.• Containers, in which the solution is placed is contaminated.• The area where solution is prepared is not clean.13
Page 1 and 2: Infection Prevention&Waste Manageme
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgementInfection Prevention
Page 5 and 6: IndexNo. Contents PageAbout the Man
Page 7 and 8: List of FiguresNo. Figure Page1 Rou
Page 9 and 10: MODULE 1Infection PreventionUnit 1.
Page 11: carry infection from one client to
Page 15: • Formaldehyde (8%) - Routine use
Page 19 and 20: with chlorine solution and washed w
Page 21 and 22: Fig 5: Removing Gloves21
Page 23 and 24: Unit 1.5Reducing Risk of Infection
Page 25 and 26: Surgical gowns are considered steri
Page 27 and 28: To Prevent Injuries due to Sharps:
Page 29 and 30: Unit 1.6Processing Instruments and
Page 31 and 32: Prepare chlorine solution only in p
Page 33 and 34: Unit 1.8StorageSterilization, HLD (
Page 35 and 36: Fig 12: Steps of wrapping of an ins
Page 37 and 38: • Using chemicalsChemicals approp
Page 39 and 40: Unit 1.9Infection Prevention in Hou
Page 41 and 42: Step 2 - Add some detergent to the
Page 43 and 44: Unit 2.1Waste ManagementThis unit d
Page 45 and 46: A part of Gazette notification rela
Page 47 and 48: other then sharps such as tubing,ca
Page 49: References1 State Innovations in Fa

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