2013-2014 Catalog - Virginia Wesleyan College

6 COLLEGE PROFILE COLLEGE PROFILE7Virginia Wesleyan College has been namedamong the nation’s best by The PrincetonReview and was selected for inclusion in itsguide–Best 378 Colleges: 2014 Edition. VirginiaWesleyan is also featured on CollegesofDistinction.comfor demonstrated excellence in four specificdistinctions: engaged students, great teaching, vibrantcommunities and successful outcomes.Mission StatementThe mission of Virginia Wesleyan College is toengage students of diverse ages, religions, ethnicorigins, and backgrounds in a rigorous liberal artseducation that will prepare them to meet thechallenges of life and career in a complex and rapidlychanging world. In this endeavor, the college employsa wide range of approaches to teaching and learningand provides opportunities to connect the study ofthe liberal arts with practical learning experiences oncampus, in the Hampton Roads region, andthroughout the world. In accord with our UnitedMethodist heritage, Virginia Wesleyan aspires to be asupportive community that is committed to socialresponsibility, ethical conduct, higher learning, andreligious freedom.Proud of Our Past,Focused on Our FutureChartered in 1961, Virginia Wesleyan College firstopened its doors to students in 1966. The concept forthe College actually began two years earlier as an ideaof Methodist minister Joseph S. Johnston. Withintwo years of planning, the school had a name, acharter, and an expanding body of supporters fromthe United Methodist Church and the regionalbusiness community. The college received fullaccreditation in its first year of eligibility, enjoyedsteady enrollment gains, and attained membership inthe Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges.Rooted in the liberal arts tradition as well as itsMethodist heritage, Virginia Wesleyan has beenfocused on providing a broad academic foundationwhile cultivating productive and engaged citizens. Ameaningful liberal arts education includes the searchfor humane, social and scientific principles which,after thorough examination, provide the basis forunderstanding oneself, society, and the world. Across-disciplinary approach allows students to buildknowledge and explore their interests in theclassroom and beyond.The 2011-12 academic year marked the officialcelebration of the college’s 50th anniversary. Thisimportant milestone was recognized during manycampus events and promotions and with aCOLLEGE PROFILEcommunity celebration that brought noted New YorkTimes columnist and author David Brooks to campusto speak. A commemorative book, Wisdom Lights theWay: Virginia Wesleyan College’s First Half-Century(Donning Company Publishers) was written bycollege archivist and former dean of the College, Dr.Stephen Mansfield. The book, which details theCollege’s rich history, is available in the ScribnerBookstore on campus.The future at Virginia Wesleyan includes anexciting, enhanced new curricular model that isdedicated to preparing students by providing themwith expanded opportunities to learn by doing, toconnect theory to practice, and to link the classroomto the world. Living and learning communities oncampus are also an important part of helping studentsconnect with each other and with faculty insubstantive ways during the transition to college life.Through individualized attention and activementoring, students develop invaluable relationshipsand support networks and are encouraged to growinto independent thinkers and leaders who areoptimally prepared for graduate study and thechallenges of rapidly changing workplaces.Virginia Wesleyan has often been defined by itsdesirable and unique location in southeasternVirginia. The College is just minutes from theAtlantic Ocean and the Chesapeake Bay, on abeautiful 300-acre wooded campus, set in the heart ofthe state’s most populous metropolitan region.Hampton Roads is home to a host of business,governmental, and cultural institutions, as well as richhistorical and natural resources that offer tremendousopportunities for students.The Honor CodeVirginia Wesleyan College is committed to valuesof citizenship and social responsibility fundamental toa community of scholars. People who join thisacademic community agree to maintain academichonesty. The purpose of the honor code at VirginiaWesleyan is to foster an environment of learningbased upon trustworthiness and willingness toassume personal responsibility for honorablebehavior. Responsibility for safeguarding honor andtrust belongs to the entire academic community;therefore, students need to assume responsibility forhonorable behavior in themselves and others. Acts ofacademic dishonesty, which include cheating,plagiarism, lying, theft, and falsifying data, areviolations of the honor code. Once students becomemembers of the college community and are presumedto understand the nature of such violations, they areresponsible for avoiding them and for theconsequences if they do not.The honor code offers guidelines for academicconduct and disciplinary procedures for infractions ofthe code. For a complete statement of the honor code,see the Student Handbook distributed through theDean of Students Office.The Virginia Wesleyan CreedWe accept and support the Virginia WesleyanHonor Code.• a commitment to trustworthiness and awillingness to assume personal responsibility forhonorable behavior.We seek experiences that enhance personalacademic excellence and an integrated liberal artsperspective.• a commitment to sustained achievement in theclassroom.We abide by and uphold the Virginia WesleyanCommunity Standards.• a commitment to good campus citizenship in allundertakings.We value and respect diversity in all facets of ourmulticultural society.• a commitment to recognize and to celebrate theimportance of cultural differences within ourcampus community and to oppose all forms ofdiscrimination.We aspire to be a supportive community thatrespects the value of faith and religious freedom.• a commitment to cultivate spiritual sensitivityand to foster personal commitment that leads toethical conduct.We respect the personal belongings of others andthe property of the College.• a commitment to oppose all forms of vandalismor theft of personal and College property.We accept our role in protecting the environment.• a commitment to stewardship throughsustainable practices.We embrace the importance of personal wellbeing.• a commitment to a healthy lifestyle in all itsfacets.We engage in the civic life and activities of ourcommunity.• a commitment to improve the quality of life ofothers.The SettingThe setting of the college complements its dualcommitment to the development of the intellect andto involvement in society. Nestled on a 300-acrecampus in the heart of Virginia’s largest metropolitanarea, the college is physically insulated from the bustleof the city traffic, and yet the vast resources of thismetropolitan area are easily accessible. Regardless oftheir major, students are only a few minutes awayfrom a living laboratory. The Norfolk/Virginia Beacharea is one of the fastest growing urban centers on theAtlantic Coast. The college offers many opportunitiesfor students to bring the theoretical and the practicaltogether in this rich environment.Physical FacilitiesVirginia Wesleyan’s buildings, all constructedsince 1966, are situated in the midst of expansivelawns, numerous athletic fields, and pleasantwoodlands. The long-range plan calls for four villagessurrounding a central academic core. The followingcomplexes and buildings, with completion datesnoted, now house the college’s academic,administrative, and residential functions.■ Jerry G. Bray, Jr. Village (1966)Residence Halls:Louise W. Eggleston HallAbel E. and Clara Eaton Kellam HallMargarette Hanes Old HallPaul Howard Rose HallAcademic Buildings:Birdsong HallPeter D. Pruden HallAubrey L. Eggleston Commons■ Academic Village IIResidence Halls:East Dormitory (1990):J. Franklin Little Hall (1990)Alison J. and Ella W. Parsons Hall (1990)Walter Clarke Gum Hall (1970)Joseph S. Johnston Hall (1990):Landmark HallWilliam Travis Smithdeal Hall (1970)Academic Buildings (1990):Charles and Bertha Mast Graybeal HallGuy C. and Ora Goodwin Roop HallFloyd E. Kellam, Jr. Social Science Center(2002)■ Joan and Macon Brock Village (1993)Residence Halls:North HallSouth HallHarry I. and Elizabeth W. Teagle HallApartments and Townhouses (2005)■ Fine Arts Building (1966) with theEdward D. Hofheimer Theatre (1981) ishome for the college’s fine arts offerings in art, music,and theatre. In this complex are the art studios, musicstudios and practice rooms, acting studios, and amulti-media room. The Edward D. HofheimerTheatre is a versatile facility that serves as a setting fortheatrical instruction as well as performance.

8 COLLEGE PROFILE9 CAREER SERVICES9■ Henry Clay Hofheimer II Library(1969) is an attractive building that sits at the centerof the campus. The building houses a variety ofacademic and information resources and services tosupport the college’s liberal arts mission. It also housesthe college archives, as well as a student art exhibitgallery. The well-equipped computer lab and a varietyof study, instruction, and work spaces combine tomake it a versatile setting where students are free toengage in scholarly learning and research,collaboration, conversation, reading or just relaxing.■ S.Frank and Wilma Williamson BlockerHall houses the Science (1970) and HumanitiesCenters (1988), which have science laboratories,classrooms, the Blocker Auditorium, and facultyoffices. The auditorium in this building is the settingfor numerous campus events.■ Robert F. and Sara M. Boyd CampusDining Center (1991) and related facilitieshouse the college dining hall and the private diningareas known as the Shafer Room and the PrincessAnne Room. The college’s collection of memorabiliaand paintings related to the life and ministry of 18thcenturyAnglican cleric John Wesley is on display inthis facility. Adjacent to the dining center are thebusiness office and campus post office.■ Lambuth M.Clarke Hall (1998) reflects thecollege’s commitment to providing state of the artteaching technologies. Teaching spaces, including atiered classroom, are equipped with computers,document cameras, and interfacing capabilities. Thebuilding also contains the Adult Studies Office, theLearning/Writing Center, the Registrar’s Office, theCenter for the Study of Religious Freedom, a 24-hourcomputer laboratory, and faculty offices.■ Katherine B. and Mills E. Godwin, Jr.Hall (1999) accommodates many of the college’sadministrative offices, including the offices of thePresident, Enrollment Services, Admissions, AlumniRelations, College Communications, Development,and Financial Aid.■ Jane P. Batten Student Center (2002)features Cunningham Gymnasium, a multi-activityathletic center; the Scribner Bookstore, a 39-footclimbing wall, an NCAA regulation pool, an indoorjogging track, and a convocation center that serves asthe home court for the men’s and women’s basketballteams. Many student services and athletic offices arehoused in the Batten Center, as well asCommunications laboratory space, Recreation andLeisure Studies faculty offices and Dean of Students.■ Frank E. Brown Campanile (1975) is acampus landmark that symbolizes the institution’sChristian heritage and its dedication to thecontinuous search for truth.■ Monumental Chapel (1975) is the site of avariety of lectures, campus and community meetings,and worship services. The Monumental Chapel andFrank E. Brown Bell Tower are included in theCouncil of Independent Colleges’ Historic CampusArchitecture Project.■ Everett Tennis Center (2011), built on thefoundation of the Penzold Tennis Center, containseight courts including two championship courts andtwo lighted grandstand courts. The Center featuresspectator-friendly fencing, an upgraded lightingsystem on the grandstand courts, a welcome gazebo, aviewing stand, a brick façade entrance and ampleseating for fans.■ Trinder Soccer-Lacrosse Center (1998)with Foster Field (1998) is the home of thecollege’s soccer and lacrosse programs. The centerincludes locker rooms, restrooms, an athletic trainingroom, a concession stand, and a press box. FosterField has bleacher seating for 1,000 spectators. Lightswere added to the facility in 2003.■ Maintenance Building (1993) houses thephysical plant operations and storage facilities for thecollege.Marlins Go GreenVirginia Wesleyan College joins the ranks ofoutstanding universities and colleges nationwide thatare leading the “green” movement through their ownspecial programs and initiatives. Under the leadershipof President William T. (Billy) Greer, VirginiaWesleyan has made sustainability a campus-widepriority. The President’s Environmental IssuesCouncil works with student leaders, faculty and staffto implement a variety of green programs. VirginiaWesleyan has been nationally recognized for “green”efforts in The Princeton Review’s Guide to 322 GreenColleges: 2012 Edition. Sustainability is a way of lifeon the Virginia Wesleyan campus.IamVirginiaWesleyanAcademic Profile■ Women of Wesleyan Greenhouse(1974) provides a laboratory for courses in botanyand contains numerous unusual plants.

12 ACADEMIC PROFILEACADEMIC PROFILE13collecting information. It encourages studentsto grapple independently with ideas,questioning what they read and hear, and todevelop their own interpretations, arguments,and applications, resulting in greater cognitivedevelopment and deeper insight than theywould gain from a curriculum that requiresonly memorization and basic comprehension.6. The ability to present their ideas effectively.The 4x4 curriculum demands strong writingand oral communication skills. Major papersand projects usually require students toarticulate and support complex ideas, sustainedover the course of many pages or inpresentations with multiple components. Thusentering students should possess strong generallanguage skills and be prepared to master thediscipline-specific rhetorical and stylisticconventions appropriate for presenting theirwork to an academic community.To summarize, students who benefit from theVirginia Wesleyan experience are well organizedand self-motivated. They possess solid academicskills and are determined to take advantage ofopportunities to interact with faculty, to pose andengage with intellectual questions and problems,and to participate in a wide range of learningexperiences.Faculty Advisory SystemThe mission of the advising system at VirginiaWesleyan College is to foster the growth of strongrelationships between students and faculty, enablingstudent success through intentional connections withpeople, academic programs, and processes of thecollege. This endeavor should lead to successfulacademic planning, retention, and professionalgrowth, as students pursue life and career goalsfollowing a timely graduation.Prior to arrival on campus, each freshman isassigned a faculty advisor. Entering students meetwith their advisors to work out a schedule of classesprior to registration. Returning students also meetwith their advisors prior to registration.Prior to graduation, a full-time faculty member inthe student’s major department will certify that thestudent has completed requirements for the major.Therefore, upon declaring a major, students mustsecure as an academic advisor a full-time facultymember in their major field.Advisors will make every attempt to give effectiveguidance to students in academic matters and to referstudents to those qualified to help them in othermatters, but the final responsibility for meeting allacademic requirements for a selected program restswith the student.The LibraryHofheimer Library is at the heart of the VirginiaWesleyan campus. Located centrally—only a minute’swalk from classrooms, dorms, fitness and diningfacilities alike—it provides the highest qualityresources and services to meet the research andinformation needs of students, faculty, and staff.In today’s wired society, proficiency in researchand information seeking is essential in meetingexpectations that arise in the course of work, family,and citizenship obligations. Helping students developlifelong learning skills is an integral part of theacademic mission of the college.Academic resources include an extensive print ande-book collection, online access to scholarly journalsand research databases, individual and collaborativestudy spaces, a computer lab, a seminar room, atechnology classroom, and a friendly, helpful staff.Advanced research is also supported throughinterlibrary loan services and cooperative agreementswith higher educational institutions both in andoutside of the Hampton Roads area.In addition to its important role in the academicprogram, the library’s 24/7 study space, art gallery,and Marlin Movies collection make it a populardestination for students to pursue recreationalactivities, including reading, relaxing, checkinge-mail, or just meeting up with friends.ProgramEnhancementThe Honors and Scholars ProgramIn 1985, Virginia Wesleyan initiated an excitingnew honors program called Wesleyan Scholars, whichwas expanded in 1995 to include a broader range ofacademic achievers. High school seniors who haveestablished academically superior records are invitedto join the program upon their enrollment at VirginiaWesleyan. Current students with a GPA of 3.4 orhigher may apply for membership into the program.Honors and Scholars students attempting eitherWesleyan Honors or Presidential Honors participatein academically challenging honors courses, enrichingco-curricular experiences, and community service.The college offers special honors courses andhonors sections of existing courses, which areavailable to students in the Honors and ScholarsProgram. Students may also opt to challenge a coursefor Honors credit by submitting a proposal to theHonors and Scholars Committee for review. Theproposal must specify how the petitioning studentwill surpass both qualitatively and quantitatively therequirements normally expected in the course.Wesleyan Scholars are required to complete sixhonors courses, and Presidential scholars three, fromat least two different academic divisions. Theintention of Honors courses is for the scholar to gobeyond what is expected of the students in the regularcourse in both the level of engagement andperformance. In order for an Honors course to counttoward the total number of Honors courses requiredto graduate with Presidential or Wesleyan Honors, astudent must earn a B or higher in the Honors course.Honors courses are notated on the student transcriptwith HNRS.Honors courses are traditionally graded, andstudents may not elect to take an Honors course on apass/fail basis. Extraordinary work can be rewardedwith the grade of “H.” If awarded, the grade of H willappear on the student’s academic transcript, though itwill count toward the GPA as if it were an A.Inquiries about the Honors and Scholars Programmay be addressed to the Director of Honors andScholars, Dr. Joyce Easter.The PORTfolio ProgramVirginia Wesleyan believes that a liberal artseducation is the best preparation for life, especially forcitizenship, careers, and professions. However, itseems that too many students view their collegeexperience as bifurcated into “sets of classes”—coursesin their major, courses in general studies, and electivecourses—and “everything else”—learning outside theclassroom through co-curricular activities, careerdevelopment fieldwork, or volunteer experiences. ThePORTfolio program is a unique four-year experiencethat seeks to fully integrate liberal and experientiallearning by consciously relating the two.PORTfolio brings the liberal arts to life forselected students by allowing them to pursue theircollege education while using the Chesapeake Bay,the cities of Hampton Roads, and the world as theirclassroom. Complementing a student’s major,PORTfolio offers an integrated program of teamtaughtseminars, co-curricular activities, andexperiential learning opportunities that connect thebest of a liberal arts education with real-worldexperiences. Students in the program develop anelectronic portfolio that helps them connect thelessons of the classroom to the world beyond thecampus and link field experiences to their formaleducation. Freshmen are admitted to the programbased on their academic, service, and leadershipexperience, and on their potential. Students mayapply for PORTfolio at the same time they apply tothe college.Inquiries about the PORTfolio Program may beaddressed to the Admissions Office.Internships and ExternshipsVirginia Wesleyan offers both externship andinternship experiences to provide studentsopportunities to obtain practical knowledge in theworld beyond the campus. These experiences mayhelp students translate classroom theory into practice,refine their knowledge and skills, contribute to anorganization on a professional level, test careerpossibilities, and enhance their marketability forfuture employment and/or graduate studies.Externships are structured work experiences thatallow students to observe and gain exposure to a workarea of interest. Designed primarily for freshmen andsophomores, these experiences may confirm anacademic major, allow self-assessment of skills andsuitability for a profession, and provide training thatleads to internships or job opportunities. Externshipsmay have prerequisites set by the sponsoringorganization. Although they are recorded on thestudent’s transcript, they do not yield semester hourstowards meeting graduation requirements. To have anexternship recorded on the transcript, a student mustarrange the externship through Career Services beforebeginning it and complete at least 30 hours ofapproved work at a participating institution.Internships are learning experiences that integratestudents’ academic preparation and skills withprofessional work experience. There are two types ofinternships.Academic internships are taken for course credit.They are designed for students to undertakesignificant responsibilities and to reflect on theirmission and daily activities by completing journals,papers, or other assignments, which are submitted toa faculty member. These internships are oftenaccompanied by a seminar or other academiccomponent. They are designed primarily for juniorsand seniors moving toward completion of a major. Tocomplete an academic internship, students must meetthe prerequisites specified by the academicdepartment that offers the internship, register for theinternship course as listed in the catalog, and fulfillthe academic and work requirements specified by thecourse. The minimum standard for academicinternships is 130 hours of work experience for 4semester hours.Non-academic internships allow qualifiedstudents to undertake meaningful responsibilitieswith sponsoring organizations. They are not recordedon the transcript and do not provide semester hourstowards graduation requirements, but they mayprovide valuable experience for later life.Career Services maintains information on bothacademic and non-academic internships.

16 CAREER SERVICES CAREER SERVICES CAREERS 17 17Careers

22 CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOMCENTER FOR SACRED MUSIC23CENTER FOR THE STUDYOF RELIGIOUS FREEDOMCENTER FORSACRED MUSICIn the fall of 1996 a diverse group ofsupporters from the college and the largercommunity came together to create the Centerfor the Study of Religious Freedom at VirginiaWesleyan College. The Center is grounded in thecollege’s United Methodist heritage, which has longrecognized religious freedom as a basic human rightfor persons of all faiths. From its beginning, theCenter has been a vehicle for fostering education,respectful dialogue, and mutual understanding.Mission: The Center’s mission is threefold:• Education—to provide Virginia Wesleyanstudents with an informed understanding ofreligious freedom as a basic human right;• Scholarship—to engage in sustained study ofthe legal, social, and theological conditions ofreligious freedom;• Engagement—to combat religious intoleranceby constructively engaging our society’s broadreligious pluralism.Educational Programs: Each year the Centersponsors several interdisciplinary programs that offerunique opportunities for student enrichment. Theseprograms support the college’s commitment to arigorous liberal arts education. Courses offeredthrough the Center affirm the value of diverseperspectives and methodologies. Faculty membersfrom across the college’s academic divisionscontribute to the Center’s work through theirparticipation in Center programs.Since its founding, the Center has sponsored morethan 200 public educational events, includingsemester-long symposia on issues of religiousfreedom, lectures by renowned scholars, presentationson music and the arts, panel discussions, plays, andfilms. Center events have been attended by more than10,000 people, including Virginia Wesleyan students,faculty and staff, and members of the largercommunity.Center Library: The Center’s academic resourcesinclude a collection of nearly 2,000 books. Thesematerials are available to Virginia Wesleyan students,faculty and staff, and other interested users. TheCenter’s library emphasizes topics related to itsmission, including constitutional law, religiousfreedom and church-state relations, religion and law,the role of religion in public and political life, and theglobal dimensions of religious freedom, includinginternational human rights law. The collection alsoincludes books on many of the world’s religioustraditions, as well as books on theology and religiousstudies, philosophy, history, and education. AllCenter books can be searched on the college library’sonline catalog, and most can be checked out.★ ★ ★ ★ ★The Center for the Study of Religious Freedomdoes not advocate any particular political or religiousperspective. Rather, it promotes deeper understandingof religious freedom through academicresearch, interdisciplinary study, informal discussionwith students and community members, andinterfaith dialogue. We need not be afraid of ourreligious differences. Instead, we can see them asopportunities for mutual understanding and growth.The Center for Sacred Music at VirginiaWesleyan College offers opportunities forall students to broaden their awareness of themusic and ritual that have been part of humankind’svarious faith expressions for thousands of years. Inaddition, it offers theoretical and applied instructionas preparation for careers in church music ministry ascontinuing education for those already active in theprofession.Monumental Moments: The Centercollaborates with the Chaplain’s Office and theDepartment of Religious Studies to offer two specialworship services in Monumental Chapel during theacademic year. Students lead the service, and theVirginia Wesleyan College Choir and/or WesleyanSingers present special music, with a faculty memberas guest speaker. In addition, during the Sacred MusicSummer Conference, the Center presents a service ofworship in Monumental Chapel on the openingevening. This service is open to all.Church Music Certificate Program: TheChurch Music Certificate Program offers practicaland theoretical career preparation for church musicministry. The course of study includes academiccourses, attendance at symposia, critical observationsof area church music programs, and participation inthe college’s annual Sacred Music SummerConference. The program has been recognized by theCollege Board for its excellence in training churchmusicians in a liberal arts setting.Three semester-length courses are offered: SacredMusic History, Directing Church Choirs, and Psalms,Hymns, and Spiritual Songs (offered as MUS 310,Topics in Sacred Music). These courses are requiredfor the certificate program, but may also be taken tosupplement other curricula.Sound and Symbol Lecture Series: TheCenter offers an annual lecture series to fosterunderstanding and to encourage appreciation fordiversity in the sacred music and ritual of various faithcommunities. Offered during the campus cocurricularhour on occasional Tuesdays andThursdays throughout the academic year, programsare designed to appeal to students in all disciplines.Past topics have included “Sacred Sounds:Cultural Unity and Diversity,” a four-part series;“Then Sings My Soul,” on the four streams of

24 CENTER FOR SACRED MUSICCAREER SERVICES25American Protestant hymnody; “Let All the World inEvery Corner Sing,” an examination of “servicemusic” used in various world religions; “Here Comesthe Bride,” wedding ritual and music in various worldtraditions; and “Sing Me To Heaven,” an explorationof the music and ceremony used in various culturesfor funerals and services of remembrance.Performance Opportunities: The WesleyanFestival Chorus and the Wesleyan Worship Choir aremassed choirs of students and community singerswhich link choral musicians with the finestconductors in the world for worship leadership andconcert performance. Each July, the chorusesparticipate in events as part of the Sacred MusicSummer Conference, and in the fall as part of theCSM’s annual hymn festival.Sacred Music Summer Conference: TheSacred Music Summer Conference is a nondenominationalshowcase for outstanding instructionin the sacred arts. Steeped in the Wesley tradition of“training minds and warming hearts,” the conferenceoffers workshops for students preparing for careers inchurch music ministry, for those already active in theprofession, and for music teachers.An average of 200 people participate each year,attending workshop sessions in choral conducting,congregational singing, organ, handbells, children’schoirs, and all areas of church music ministry. Theevent is led by 18 guest faculty and members of thecollege’s music department. The evening worshipservices and closing choral concert provide anunparalleled experience for those who enjoy festiveworship in a non-denominational setting, and forchoristers who enjoy singing under the direction ofworld-renowned conductors.The Virginia Wesleyan College AnthemSeries: In 2008, the Center for Sacred Musicdeveloped a choral anthem series with MorningStarMusic Publishers of St. Louis, Missouri, entitledMusic from American Colleges and Universities.Virginia Wesleyan holds the honor of the premierework in that series: an anthem commissioned fromTexan composer Hal Hopson in celebration of the300th anniversary of the birth of Charles Wesley in2007. This contribution to American music continuesthe college’s legacy and joins the VWC Choral AnthemSeries, which the Center developed in 1998 withHinshaw Music Publishers of Chapel Hill, NorthCarolina. Now in its thirteenth year, that seriesincludes 11 choral anthems. An additional fiveanthems that have been dedicated to the work of theCenter are published by Choristers Guild Publishing,Augsburg Press, and Hal Leonard Music Publishers.Through its various festivals and conferences, theCenter commissions new music that is premiered atVirginia Wesleyan, then made available to the world.Anthems from this catalog of publications are used bychurch and school choruses throughout the countryand several have been selected for district chorus andall-state repertoire. Virginia Wesleyan joins DukeUniversity and St. Olaf College as only the thirdinstitution of higher education with a named musicseries.Fall Hymn Festival: Hymns have played a vitalrole in worship since the earliest Christians gatheredto worship the risen Christ. Congregational singingexploded anew with the Protestant Reformation, andthe Center’s annual Hymn Festival continues toencourage the great tradition of the people’s song.Various churches in the Hampton Roads area host theOctober festival. All are invited to be a part of thecongregation or the massed choir that leads theservice of singing.Campus Life

26 CAMPUS LIFECAMPUS LIFE27Anecessary complement to education inany college classroom is growth throughcampus life. On any given day at VirginiaWesleyan students can be found participating inathletics, singing with the choir, practicing for a play,planning for an art show, gathering news for thestudent newspaper, leading prayer and Bible study,partaking in an aerobics or rock climbing session, andengaging in social activities in the Jane P. BattenStudent Center.At Virginia Wesleyan students have always beenspecial, and our student life program strives touphold that motto. Although the college is primarilyresidential, campus activities are intended to involveand meet the needs of commuters and adult students,as well as resident students.Guided by the staff of the Vice President forStudent Affairs, the student life program and servicesencourage all students to grow outside the classroom.Residential Living: Residence halls at VirginiaWesleyan are designed to foster a sense ofcommunity. It is in the residence halls that studentsencounter a variety of interesting people and findmany opportunities for cultural, educational, social,and recreational enrichment. The campus is made upof academic villages patterned closely after ThomasJefferson’s adaptation of the Oxford-Cambridge plan.An academic village includes classrooms, facultyoffices, and student residences.Bray Village and Village II each include twoacademic buildings and four residence halls. BrockVillage has three traditional residence halls and threeresidence halls that offer students apartment-styleliving. The rooms in Bray Village, Village II and thetraditional residence halls in Brock Village aredesigned for single and double occupancy—and forpersonalized living. Rooms are furnished with beds,dressers, full-length wardrobes or closets, desks, andchairs. Laundry facilities are available on eachresidence hall floor. Each unit of the apartments andtownhouses in Brock Village consists of fourbedrooms, two bathrooms, a living area, and kitchen.Each townhouse has a washer and dryer, and theapartments have laundry facilities on each floor.Village IV has 24 townhouses, which accommodate115 students in 5 person homes (three single roomsand one double room) with 2 bathrooms and privatelaundry facilities. Students are encouraged topersonalize their rooms, apartments, or townhousesaccording to their tastes and those of theirroommate(s). By providing their own rugs, lamps,curtains, and other items, they can transform theirliving space into a comfortable home. The campusCAMPUS LIFEdining center includes a 500-seat central diningfacility, private dining areas, and additional seating inthe newly renovated Boyd Dining Center. Nearby arethe college’s post office and business office.The college requires all students to live on campusin the residential housing facilities. Exceptions aregranted to those students who (1) elect to live athome with one or both of their parents in theHampton Roads area; (2) are married; (3) arecarrying less than a full course load (fewer than 12semester hours); (4) petition the college and aregranted permission to live off campus. Students whohave been residents of the Hampton Roads area ofVirginia for the year prior to their initial applicationfor admission to the college are considered commuterstudents. They have the option of commuting fromtheir local residence or residing in the college’sresidence hall facilities. Students who are under theage of 18 or 24 years of age or older must requestpermission to live in the college’s residential facilities.The Office of Residence Life is responsible forselecting and training the residence hall staff,coordinating hall policies and developing cultural,educational, social and recreational activities. Thesocial and recreational activities, including the annual“Seafood Party in the Dell,” are complemented by anumber of interesting educational and culturalevents.Student Activities: The Student ActivitiesOffice seeks to enhance the overall educationalexperience by fostering social and leadershipdevelopment and encouraging collaboration. Thisoffice supports the Wesleyan Activities Council(Student Programming Board), Student GovernmentAssociation, fraternities and sororities, clubs andorganizations, programs for commuters, andleadership initiatives for students.Commuting: Commuter students are a vital partof the college community. The student life program isintended to integrate the resident and commuterpopulations to enhance campus activities foreveryone. Theme parties, student publications,intramural sports, sorority and fraternity functions,worship services, athletic contests, the Lake TaylorMusic Festival, and Spring Fling are just some of theactivities and opportunities afforded both commuterand resident students.Through the Commuter Service Office, which ispart of Student Activities, commuter students arekept informed, provided special assistance, andencouraged to take full advantage of campus resourcesand the co-curricular activities of the college. They arealso encouraged to take questions and concerns to theCommuter Assistant, who holds office hoursdedicated to commuters.Jane P. Batten Student Center: For both theresident and commuter student the Jane P. BattenStudent Center is full of exciting activities. The $18.6million center is home to a spacious fitness centerfeaturing dozens of weight machines, bikes,Stairmasters and other equipment; an eight-laneswimming pool complemented by a ten-personJacuzzi and saunas; three racquetball courses; anindoor elevated jogging track; a convocationcenter/gymnasium; a practice gymnasium; a rockclimbing wall; the Marlin Grille; and the ScribnerBookstore.The Community Council: The College’scommitment to building a vital community findsexpression in Virginia Wesleyan’s structure of campusgovernance. The Student Government Association,the Faculty Assembly, and the Administrative Councilmeet regularly to make policy regarding the respectivespheres of concern. At least three times annually,faculty, staff, and student representatives cometogether for meetings of the Community Council, abody which provides a forum for sharing informationand discussing common concerns. Students are alsorepresented on other vital committees of the college,giving them a distinctive voice in the making ofcollege policies.Student Government Association: VirginiaWesleyan students are organized as the StudentGovernment Association (SGA). This associationconsists of the Executive Council, president and vicepresident,and 16 student senators. The SGA makesevery effort to respond to student concerns andpromote the general welfare of students and campusorganizations. Moreover, through work on manycollege committees, involvement in numerous socialactivities, sponsorship of open forums, participationin Community Council, and special programs thatfoster informal student faculty dialogue, the SGAcontributes in many ways to the quality of campuslife.Wesleyan Activities Council (WAC): WACis the programming board dedicated to providingquality weekend events and entertainment for thecampus community. It includes six committees:• Intercultural Cultural and Educational (ICE),which collaborates with academic departmentsto offer educational programming for studentson and off campus.• Main Stage, which plans concerts, comedy acts,and a variety of other shows featuring studentperformers.• After Dark, which promotes late night weekendevents such as comedians, poets, foam danceparties, and skate nights.• Student Athletic Committee (SAC), whichplans tailgate, pre-game, and other events tospread Marlin spirit for the athletic teams incollaboration with the Athletic Department.• Traditions, which plans traditional campusevents such as Homecoming, Mud Games, andAirband in collaboration with the StudentGovernment Association.• VWC and Beyond, which offers recreationaland off-campus social activities in collaborationwith RecX through aquatics, fitness,recreational sports, and outdoor activities.The VWC Concert Series: Through theVirginia Wesleyan Concert Series, the college offersoutstanding live musical performances in whichartists connect with audiences in a special way. Theintimate and informal setting of the HofheimerTheatre brings a drawing-room atmosphere to everyconcert, and even back-row patrons enjoy a closeconnection with the performers. With 10-12 freeconcerts offered each year, students have ampleopportunities to enjoy vocal and instrumental musicin the styles of jazz, classical, folk, and bluegrasswithout ever leaving the campus.Other Cultural Opportunities: Culturalopportunities abound on the Virginia Wesleyancampus and beyond. Speakers and performers ofregional, national, and international acclaim areinvited to campus throughout the year to share theirtalents and expertise with the college community. Inaddition, the college’s own drama departmentpresents major productions in the fall and springsemesters, and several student groups, including theWesleyan Singers, perform on campus.Virginia Wesleyan’s location in the midst of athriving metropolitan area provides rich culturalopportunities. The birthplace of Colonial America isless than an hour’s drive from campus; Williamsburg,Jamestown, Yorktown—and even the Busch GardensWilliamsburg theme park—offer students and theirfamilies many exciting off-campus experiences. Thecampus is also just minutes from many outstandinglocal attractions, such as the world-famous beachesalong the Atlantic Ocean and the Chesapeake Bay;the Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center,which offers seasonal boat trips for dolphin and whalewatching, a six-story IMAX theater, aquariums, andintriguing new animal exhibits; and NauticusNational Maritime Center, an educational andexciting interactive science center with more than 150exhibits and the battleship Wisconsin. The SandlerCenter for the Performing Arts, Norfolk’s ScopeArena, Chrysler Hall, the Virginia BeachAmphitheater, and the Chrysler Museum of Art areall just a few miles from campus. Hampton Roads isalso home to several outstanding performing artsorganizations, including the Virginia Symphony,

28 CAMPUS LIFECAMPUS LIFE29Virginia Opera, and Virginia Stage Company, as wellas the Virginia Arts Festival, which presents dozens ofworld-class performing artists on area stages eachspring. Virginia Wesleyan’s location gives newmeaning to learning beyond the classroom.Campus Communications: The college offershands-on experience in communications through theMarlin Chronicle student newspaper and the Outletliterary magazine. The award-winning MarlinChronicle seeks to disseminate significant news andcommentary of interest to the campus community.The Outlet offers students a place to publish theirliterary and artistic work and to gain experience inmanaging and publishing a literary magazine.Counseling Services: The college provides aStudent Counseling Center staffed by two licensedclinical social workers. Students may be referred bymembers of the faculty or staff, or they may referthemselves for counseling. This free, confidentialservice is available to all students and includes shorttermcounseling on campus as well as referral toprofessionals off campus. The college chaplain is alsoavailable to students seeking individual counseling.One member of the staff, a specialist in the area ofsubstance abuse, offers education and confidentialcounseling for students who have concerns abouttheir own drug or alcohol use or that of anotherindividual.Health Services: All Virginia Wesleyan studentsare entitled to the benefits of the Health ServicesOffice. First aid and health care are provided by aregistered nurse and/or licensed practical nurse from8:30 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday.Summer hours of operation vary; however, hours ofoperation will be posted. Transportation to nearbyUrgent Care and Emergency Room may be providedby Health Services when needed. When necessary,students may also be referred to an off-campusphysician’s office.All full-time students must submit a completedHealth Evaluation Form while enrolled at VirginiaWesleyan. This form contains important informationin case of an emergency and the need for referralservices should arise. All immunizations must be upto date.Health Services sponsors programs on campusrelating to current health issues.Campus Ministries: Engage, impact, transform—these three words shape our vision for campusministry at Virginia Wesleyan. At its best, spiritualgrowth is a multi-faceted experience of learning,worship, service and community; all drawing us nearto God. These experiences can happen in a variety ofcampus venues. From weekly worship and meetingsof faith groups to simple conversation and prayer,there are numerous opportunities for students tomeet their spiritual needs. Students are encouraged toexplore other faiths in a religion course, participate inan offering of the Center for Sacred Music, engage inthe rich dialogue of a living and learning community,or volunteer in the community with other students.Students can also connect with a local place ofworship or seek their own path. There is anecumenical worship gathering called SOAR.Monumental Chapel is open and accessible forgroups and individuals. Special arrangements for useof the chapel can be made through the Chaplain’sOffice.Intercollegiate Athletics: Athletics are anintegral part of campus life at Virginia Wesleyan. Menparticipate in intercollegiate soccer, basketball, golf,tennis, lacrosse, baseball, indoor/outdoor track, andcross-country. The women’s intercollegiate programincludes basketball, softball, tennis, soccer, fieldhockey, lacrosse, indoor/outdoor track, cross-country,and volleyball. Additionally, Virginia Wesleyan offersa competitive cheerleading program.Virginia Wesleyan is a member of the NationalCollegiate Athletic Association—Division III, as wellas the Old Dominion Athletic Conference.Students who participate in intercollegiateathletics are required to be enrolled full-time andmust be making satisfactory progress towardgraduation.The Marlin is the mascot for Virginia Wesleyan’sathletic teams. School colors are navy blue and silver,with red as the accent color.Campus Recreation Program: The CampusRecreation Program (RecX) at Virginia WesleyanCollege strives to provide quality recreationalopportunities to the campus community regardless ofskill or experience. Its primary mission is to promotepersonal growth, social fellowship, and healthylifestyle choices through participation in challengingand fun activities. All of the programs emphasizestudent involvement and leadership to determine thedirection of yearly goals. Students may get involvedthrough working as an Intramural Official,developing a club sport, or volunteering for theRecreational Advisory Board. For more detailedinformation about any of the programs, policies, orfor general rules, go to the website RecX.vwc.edu.Clubs and Organizations: Virginia Wesleyan ishome to over 100 student clubs and organizationsthat strive to meet the needs of the studentpopulation. These organizations include club sports,fraternities and sororities, leadership groups, clubsorganized around majors, national honor societies,religious life and community service organizations,and special interest groups.CLUB SPORTSDance TeamDance CompanyEquestrian ClubField Hockey ClubLacrosse ClubRoller Hockey ClubStep TeamSurf ClubSwim ClubFRATERNITIES ANDSORORITIESAlpha Kappa AlphaAlpha Sigma AlphaGreek Presidents CouncilInterfraternity CouncilIota Phi BetaKappa AlphaPanhellenic CouncilPhi Kappa TauPhi Sigma SigmaSigma Sigma SigmaLEADERSHIP GROUPSCommuter ClubClub President RoundtableFirst Year Leadership CouncilHonors and ScholarsResidence Hall AssociationStudent Government AssociationWesleyan Activities Council• After Dark• ICE• Mainstage• TGIF• Traditions• VWC and BeyondCLUBS ORGANIZEDAROUND MAJORSAmerican Criminal Justice ClubClassics ClubDrama ClubFrench, German, Spanish ClubMath/Computer Science ClubOrder of InfinityPhilosophical SocietyPolitical Science AssociationPsychology ClubRecreation Majors ClubScience ClubSociety for the Advancement ofManagement (SAM)SVEA/NEANATIONAL HONORSOCIETIESAlpha Kappa DeltaAlpha Phi SigmaAlpha Sigma LambdaBeta Beta BetaChi Alpha SigmaDelta Phi AlphaGamma Sigma AlphaGamma Sigma EpsilonKappa Delta PiLambda Phi EtaLambda Pi EtaOmicron Delta KappaOrder of OmegaPhi Alpha ThetaPhi Eta SigmaPi Delta PhiPORTfolioPi Sigma AlphaPsi ChiRho LambdaRho Phi LambdaSigma Beta DeltaSigma Delta PiSigma Tau DeltaSociety for Collegiate JournalistsTheta Alpha KappaRELIGIOUS LIFEORGANIZATIONSCatholic MassFellowship of Christian Athletes(FCA)Intervarsity Christian Fellowship(IVCF)Hebrew ClubHoly FireSpiritual Life Activities andResource Council (SPARC)SOAR Worship TeamYoung LifeCOMMUNITY SERVICEORGANIZATIONSCampus KaleidoscopeCircle KImagineNeighborhood TutoringRelay for LifeStudent Outreach Committee• Habitat for Humanity• Health and the Elderly• Animals and theEnvironment• Hunger and HomelessStudent EnvironmentalAwareness LeagueWinter Homeless ShelterSPECIAL INTERESTGROUPSAnime ClubBeekeepers AssociationBlack Student UnionCollege RepublicansEquality AllianceGames and Strategies ClubInternational StudentOrganizationThe Marlin ChronicleModel United NationsOutletPhotography ClubSTANDVoices of SoulWesleyan AmbassadorsWVAW Radio StationYoung Democrats

Admission

32ADMISSION ADMISSION 33Virginia Wesleyan College seeks to enrollqualified students from diverse social,religious, racial, economic, and geographicbackgrounds. Admission is based solely on theapplicant’s academic and personal qualifications. Thecollege does not discriminate on the basis of race,religion, handicap, sex, nationality, or ethnic origin.Admissions CalendarHigh school students are encouraged to apply inthe fall of their senior year for admission thefollowing fall. Transfer students may apply duringeither the fall or spring semesters for admission thefollowing semester. Although the college employs arolling admissions process, March 1 is the preferredapplication deadline for fall admission. December 1 isthe preferred deadline for spring admission. Thecollege continues to accept applications after thosedeadlines if space is available.The Admissions Committee begins to reviewcompleted applications from high school students inOctober. All applicants can expect to receiveadmissions notification within three weeks after alltheir required materials have been received. All highschool applicants accepted for admission are expectedto complete their senior year of high school worksatisfactorily. All new students are required to submita completed medical form to the Health ServicesOffice before registering for classes.Application materials are available from theAdmissions Office. Prospective students may visit thecollege’s home page at www.vwc.edu, e-mail the officeat admissions@vwc.edu, call the office at 1-800-737-8684 or 757-455-3208, or write to the AdmissionsOffice, Virginia Wesleyan College, 1584 WesleyanDrive, Norfolk/Virginia Beach, VA 23502-5599. Theoffice is open from 8:30 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. onweekdays during the academic year and until 4 p.m.in the summer.Campus VisitsAlthough a personal interview is not specificallyrequired, interested students are encouraged to visitthe campus for a tour and presentation and to talkwith an admissions counselor. Interested studentsshould contact the Admissions Office to schedule atime that is convenient to meet with an admissionscounselor. Tours are regularly scheduled Mondaythrough Friday at 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., and onSaturdays at 11 a.m. Prospective students may sign upfor a campus visit online or simply by calling theAdmissions Office at one of the numbers above.Individual tours may be scheduled throughout theyear as well. The college website provides currentADMISSIONinformation on Saturday open houses and otherspecial events for prospective students.Admission Requirementsfor FreshmenPublic and Private High School StudentsThe Admissions Committee believes that highschool students who have taken a strong academicprogram of at least 16 solid academic units are mostlikely to succeed in meeting the requirements ofVirginia Wesleyan’s curriculum. The program shouldinclude at least four academic courses each year.Because course offerings vary among high schools, thecommittee does not attempt to specify all courses, butrecommends that the following 12 units be includedas a minimum:English 4Foreign Language 2 (in one language)Algebra 2Geometry 1History 1Science 2Additional units should be chosen from areas ofstudy similar to those above. The committee lookswith favor on Virginia’s advanced studies diploma andon comparable programs offered in other states.Applicants whose high school program is somewhatirregular may be considered for admission; however,their records should demonstrate high achievementand aptitude. Such students may be admittedprovisionally at the discretion of the AdmissionsCommittee.Homeschooled StudentsVirginia Wesleyan welcomes qualified homeschooled students who have completed a four-yearsecondary school program with strong preparation inEnglish, foreign language, algebra, geometry, history,and science. Additional coursework should be chosenfrom areas of study similar to these. In some cases, theAdmissions Committee may request a syllabus as partof a student transcript to aid in its decisions.Application Materials Requiredfor All Freshman Applicants1. A completed application and a $40 nonrefundableapplication fee.2. An official high school transcript or comparablehome school documentation.3. A recommendation from a guidance counseloror other school official.4. An official record of scores on the ScholasticAssessment Test (SAT) or the American CollegeTesting Program (ACT). Applicants areresponsible for arranging to take these tests andfor requesting that results be sent to VirginiaWesleyan. The CEEB code for VirginiaWesleyan is 5867. The ACT code is 4429.5. Students with a high school grade point averageof 3.5 or above or an especially strong collegepreparatory curriculum may apply withoutsubmitting standardized test scores. Thesestudents must indicate on the application formthat they wish to be considered “test optional.”6. Students whose first language is not Englishshould submit scores for the Test of English as aForeign Language (TOEFL) (see section oninternational students below).Admission Requirementsfor Transfer StudentsFor admission by transfer from another regionallyaccredited institution, students must submit thefollowing materials:1. A completed application form and a $40 nonrefundableapplication fee.2. Applicants who have not yet completed 12semester hours of college work must submit anofficial high school transcript and an officialcollege transcript, including SAT or ACT scores.Generally, students transferring to VirginiaWesleyan present a cumulative GPA of 2.0 orhigher.3. Applicants who have successfully completed 12or more semester hours of college work mustsubmit a high school diploma or GED(necessary for receipt of federal financialassistance) and an official college transcript.4. Students whose first language is not Englishshould submit scores for the Test of English as aForeign Language (TOEFL) (see section oninternational students below).Two-year degrees earned from the VirginiaCommunity College System are accepted infulfillment of a significant portion of VirginiaWesleyan’s general studies requirements. Communitycollege courses that fit Virginia Wesleyan’s generalstudies and other graduation requirements arecarefully evaluated to provide maximum transfercredit.A student’s transcript of coursework taken atanother college should demonstrate a high quality ofwork. Credit awarded must be equivalent to coursesoffered at Virginia Wesleyan or logical extensions ofsuch courses. No credit is transferable for work belowa grade of C (2.0) or for failing grades earned under asystem of evaluation equivalent to the pass/failconcept. Students may not transfer more than 64semester hours from two-year institutions. A 2.5cumulative grade point average is required foradmission to the Professional Education Program forteacher preparation and certification.International StudentsVirginia Wesleyan encourages freshman andtransfer applications from qualified internationalstudents. Applicants who are not residents of theUnited States are considered on the basis of theirperformance in their country’s educational system inhigh school and at any colleges or universities theyhave attended. International students should submittheir applications by June 1 for fall semester and byNovember 1 for spring semester. Applications shouldinclude all of the materials listed above for otherfreshmen or transfer students. International studentswhose first language is not English must also submitthe following:1. A TOEFL score of at least 550 on the writtentest or 80 on the Internet-based exam. (Pastscores of 213 for the computer-based test are stillaccepted.)2. A transcript of grades from high school reportedin English.3. A recommendation from a high school official,written in English.Immigration laws require that all internationalstudents be prepared to assume financial

Financial Information

38 FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL INFORMATION39FINANCIAL INFORMATIONTuition and FeesVirginia Wesleyan College holds tuition andother expenses to the minimum necessaryfor providing quality education andmaintaining a fiscally responsible operation. Tuitionand fees paid by students do not cover the actual costof their education. Grants and gifts received by thecollege through the generosity of the UnitedMethodist Church, foundations, friends, and othershelp to reduce the difference between income andcosts. Basic tuition and fees for students entering thecollege for the academic year 2013-2014 are asfollows:Tuition $ 31,532Double Roomand Meals* $ 8,508Damage Deposit $ 150Student Activity Fee $ 200Technology Fee $ 450*Cost of rooms in East, Johnson, Village III, apartments,townhouses and singles is higher.(New freshmen and transfer students may estimate thecost of attendance by accessing the Marlin CostCalculator online at http://ww2.vwc.edu/admissions.)Tuition for Part-time Enrollment and CourseOverloads: Tuition for students enrolled for fewerthan 12 semester hours in a semester is $1,314 persemester hour. A student may take more than 18hours only with the permission of the faculty advisorand the Dean of the College; a student with suchpermission may take up to 20 hours in either the fallor spring semester of a given academic year withoutincurring additional tuition beyond the full-timecharge. A student who is enrolled for more than 20hours at the conclusion of the add/drop period of agiven semester will incur a $1,314 charge for eachhour in excess of 20. A student who exceeds 38 hoursduring a given academic year (fall and springsemesters, Winter Session) will incur a $1,314 chargefor each hour beyond the limit.Occasional Fees: Students who enroll in certaincourses are charged a materials fee as listed for eachcourse. Those who enroll in applied music coursesincur additional charges for private lessons. In caseswhere damage to college property occurs, thestudent(s) involved are charged a fee to cover repairsor replacement.Payment of Tuition and FeesThe college bills students each semester fortuition, room, and meals. Charges for the fallsemester are due and payable no later than July 29,2013. Charges for the spring semester are due andpayable no later than December 9, 2013.Miscellaneous charges are due in full when billed.The schedule for payment for new studentsentering fall 2013 is as follows:Resident Student (double room)May 1 (deposit) $ 300July 29 20,520December 9 20,020Commuter StudentMay 1 (deposit) $ 300July 29 16,116December 9 15,776New students who have not completed theirfinancial arrangements will be delayed in beingprocessed for registration. Continuing students whohave not taken care of their financial arrangements asnoted above will have their advance registrationschedules deleted.Refund Policy: Because the college must makefinancial commitments for the entire year, tuition androom deposits are non-refundable. No refund, rebateor reduction of fees is made because of late entranceor withdrawal from courses. Students who withdrawfrom the college completely may receive a partialrefund as follows: 90% during the first week ofclasses, 50% the second week, and 25% the thirdweek. After the third week of classes, there is norefund.Administrative Withdrawal for Non-Attendance:Students who register for a semester ofcoursework but do not attend class sessions of any oftheir courses during the first two full weeks of thesemester are withdrawn from the collegeadministratively and notified of that action by a lettersent to both home and campus addresses. Thosestudents are responsible for 50% of tuition and roomcharges.This policy does not apply to students who attendsome but not all of their courses. They remainenrolled in the college and receive grades in coursesthat they did not attend but did not formally drop.Students are responsible for all tuition and feescharged for those courses.Students who withdraw from or stopattending classes for which they areregistered: The Financial Aid Office is required byfederal statute to recalculate federal Title IV financialaid eligibility for students who withdraw, drop out,are dismissed, or take a leave of absence prior tocompleting 60% of a payment period or term.If a student leaves the institution prior tocompleting 60% of a payment period or term, theFinancial Aid Office recalculates eligibility for TitleIV funds. Recalculation is based on the percentage ofearned aid using the following Federal Return of TitleIV funds formula:Percentage of payment period or term completed= the number of days completed up to the withdrawaldate divided by the total days in the payment periodor term. (Any break of five days or more is notcounted as part of the days in the term.) Thispercentage is also the percentage of earned aid.Funds are returned to the appropriate federalprogram based on the percentage of unearned aidusing the following formula:Aid to be returned = (100% of the aid that couldbe disbursed minus the percentage of earned aid)multiplied by the total amount of aid that could havebeen disbursed during the payment period or term.If a student earned less aid than was disbursed, theinstitution would be required to return a portion ofthe funds, and the student would be required toreturn a portion of the funds. When Title IV fundsare returned, the student borrower may owe a debitbalance to the institution.If a student earned more aid than was disbursed tohim/her, the institution would owe the student apost-withdrawal disbursement, which must be paidwithin 120 days of the student’s withdrawal.The institution must return the amount of TitleIV funds for which it is responsible no later than 45days after the date of the determination of the date ofthe student’s withdrawal.Refunds are allocated in the following order:• Unsubsidized Direct Stafford Loans (otherthan PLUS loans)• Subsidized Direct Stafford Loans• Federal Perkins Loans• Direct PLUS Loans• Federal Pell Grants for which a return offunds is required• Federal Supplemental Opportunity Grantsfor which a return of funds is required• Other Title IV assistance for which a returnof funds is required (e.g., LEAP).Financial AidVirginia Wesleyan believes that no student shouldbe denied the opportunity to attend because oflimited financial resources. The Financial Aid staff isavailable to counsel with students and their familiesregarding financial assistance.Students who demonstrate financial need mayqualify for grants, low-interest loans, and the workstudyprogram. To be considered for financial aid,students must submit the Free Application forFederal Student Aid (FAFSA), which is availablefrom the Financial Aid Office, from the high schoolguidance counselor, or online at www.fafsa.ed.gov.Financial aid is granted on an annual basis, and eachstudent’s need is re-evaluated each year. Firstpreference is given to applicants who meet theMarch 1 priority mailing deadline.

40 FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL INFORMATION41Virginia Wesleyan also offers academicscholarships, without regard to need, to enteringfreshmen and transfer students with outstandingacademic records.Aid Programs:Federal Pell GrantAmount — $605-$5,645 grant (Amountsubject to change based onfederal funding.)Eligibility — Demonstrated needFederal Supplemental EducationalOpportunity Grant (FSEOG)Amount — $1,000-$2,000 grant(Amount subject to changebased on federal funding.)Eligibility — Demonstrated needFederal Work-Study (FWS)Amount — $1,500 awardEligibility — Demonstrated needFederal Perkins LoanAmount — $1,000-$2,000 loanEligibility — Demonstrated needFederal Direct Stafford Student Loan ProgramsAmount — $200-$7,500 ($2,000must be unsubsidized)Eligibility — Demonstrated needVirginia Tuition Assistance Grant (VTAG)Application — VTAG application—Due July31 from Virginia WesleyanAmount — $3,100 (2013-2014)(Amount subject to change)Eligibility — No need requirement;Must be a Virginia residentVWC Merit Scholarships:Wesleyan ScholarsApplication — Wesleyan ScholarCompetitionFiling deadline — January 1Amount — Up to full tuition for fouryearsEligibility — No need requirement; basedon academic credentials,essays, and interviewsPresidential ScholarshipApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationFiling deadline — March 15Eligibility — No need requirement; basedon academic achievement,SAT scores, GPAAcademic Dean ScholarshipApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationFiling deadline — March 15Eligibility — No need requirement; basedon academic achievement,SAT scores, GPAVWC AwardApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationFiling deadline — March 15Eligibility — No need requirement; basedon academic achievement,SAT scores, GPATransfer ScholarshipsApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationAmount — VariesEligibility — No need requirement; basedon academic achievementPhi Theta Kappa ScholarshipApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationAmount — VariesEligibility — Member of Phi Theta Kappa,3.5 GPA, and at least 24transferable semester hours.Number of scholarshipsawarded varies each year.Amount of scholarship awardvaries with GPA and semesterhours completed.Christian Service Cancelable LoanApplication — Christian Service Agreement/Promissory noteAmount — Up to half tuition for eightsemesters.Eligibility — No need requirement;Virginia Conference of theUnited Methodist Church;intend to prepare for full-timeChristian service; full-timeenrollment in day program.Sons/Daughters and Spouses of ClergyApplication — VWC Admission ApplicationAmount — Up to half-tuition grant foreight semesters (including anyscholarships offered)Eligibility — No need requirement;dependent sons and daughtersas well as spouses of VirginiaUnited Methodist clergy; fulltimeenrollment in dayprogram.Satisfactory Academic ProgressStandard for Financial Aid EligibilityAll continuing students must be makingsatisfactory academic progress to be considered forfinancial aid, which includes Pell Grants,Supplemental Grants, Federal Work Study, PerkinsLoans, Stafford Loans, and PLUS Loans; as well asinstitutional funds such as faculty and staff tuitionremissions, ministers’ dependent grants, ChristianService loans, need-based grants, etc.Full-Time Students• Full-time students receiving financial aid areallowed six academic years (an academic yearis two semesters plus one summer) tocomplete the bachelor’s degree.• Full-time students must successfully completea minimum of 22 semester hours in any singleacademic year (fall, Winter Session, spring,and summer).• Full-time students must also maintain anacceptable grade point average as follows: astudent classified as a freshman must have aminimum cumulative GPA of 1.6; asophomore, 1.8; a junior, 2.0; and a senior,2.0.A student whose cumulative grade point average isbelow the minimum is considered to be makingsatisfactory progress if he or she has earned therequired number of semester hours and maintained agrade point average of 2.5 for the immediate pastsemester.Part-Time StudentsPart-time students receiving financial aid areexpected to progress at proportionately the same rateas full-time students. They are limited to 12 academicyears of aid eligibility.Transfer StudentsThe satisfactory progress of transfer studentsreceiving financial aid is based on a student’s classstatus at the time of enrollment at Virginia Wesleyan.Total enrollment at all institutions is limited to sixyears of equivalent full-time enrollment. Previousenrollment is assessed only on the hours transferredfor credit to Virginia Wesleyan.Probation and Warning PeriodAt the end of each semester, all students receivingfinancial aid are evaluated for satisfactory academicprogress. Any student who is not maintainingsatisfactory progress is automatically placed onprobation and mailed a letter of SAP Status. If thestudent fails to meet SAP requirements the nextsemester, a warning letter is mailed and the student isplaced on warning for the following semester.Suspension of AidA student who is not making satisfactoryacademic progress at the end of a warning periodreceives a letter indicating termination of financial aidfor the following semester. The student may use thesummer session or the next semester without aid toregain eligibility for financial aid for the followingsemester.AppealsStudents who believe extenuating circumstancesled to their unsatisfactory progress may appeal theirwarning period by writing a letter of appeal to theFinancial Aid Committee, c/o the Financial AidOffice. The letter must explain why the student wasunable to meet the minimum standards (i.e. illness,death in the immediate family, serious injury) andoutline a plan for achieving those standards in thefuture. The Financial Aid Committee will review thecase and notify the student of its decision in a timelymanner.

44PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 45The EducationalProgramVirginia Wesleyan College endeavors toprovide students with a sound liberal artseducation that prepares them for effective living.Such an education must have qualities of breadth,depth, and flexibility.Today’s society requires educated specialists inmany areas; however, the times also demand broadlyeducated individuals who understand their disciplinesin the context of the society and in relation to thefuture. As a society we need liberally educated adultswho possess the breadth of understanding and insightto meet the needs of a rapidly changing world and torespond creatively to lifelong opportunities forpersonal enrichment. The college’s general studiesprogram speaks particularly to this need for breadth.A liberally educated person has also experiencedthe discipline of mastering a particular field ofknowledge. Virginia Wesleyan’s curriculum unitesbreadth with depth by combining general studieswith intensified studies in a major field chosen by theend of the sophomore year.Finally, a strong liberal arts program has flexibility.It allows students to choose courses that add to thebreadth provided by the general studies program andthe depth provided by the major. Approximately onethirdof the courses students take at VirginiaWesleyan are electives. Students also find that theyhave many choices in selecting courses to fulfill thegeneral studies requirements. They work closely withtheir faculty advisors to develop personal educationalgoals and to select courses that will enable them toattain those goals.Four-Year Graduation GuaranteeVirginia Wesleyan College guarantees that allstudents wishing to graduate in four years will beprovided necessary courses as required by the collegein their chosen field of study. Any required coursesneeded beyond four years will be provided to thestudent tuition-free.Entering freshmen wishing to participate in thegraduation guarantee program must complete theguarantee application form upon entry to the collegeand officially declare a major before beginning theirfall semester classes at the start of the junior year. Allparticipating students must be qualified to begincollege-level courses, have their class scheduleapproved by their official advisor, and register forclasses during early registration each semester. TheyPLAN OF STUDYmust also meet any program GPA and course, test,and grade requirements as stipulated in the catalog ordepartmental policy.Students must successfully complete an averagecourse load of 16 hours each semester (32 hours peryear) and remain in good standing at the college. Anycourse failed or repeated will void the guarantee, andany late change in major options may void theguarantee. Students who are interested in detailsabout the program should contact the AdmissionsOffice.Divisional StructureVirginia Wesleyan’s academic program isadministered through the Division of Humanities,the Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics,and the Division of Social Sciences. The divisionalstructure affords opportunities for interdisciplinarycommunication and action not normally afforded bya departmental structure. The following disciplinesare included in each of the divisions:The Division of HumanitiesArt/Art HistoryClassicsCommunicationEnglishFrenchGermanHistoryJournalismLatinMusicPhilosophyReligious StudiesSpanishTheatreThe Division of Natural Sciencesand MathematicsBiologyChemistryComputer ScienceEarth and Environmental SciencesEnvironmental StudiesMathematicsPhysical SciencePhysicsThe Division of Social SciencesAmerican StudiesBusinessEducation/Special EducationGeographyHistoryPolitical SciencePsychologyRecreation and Leisure StudiesSocial WorkSociology and Criminal JusticeWhile the primary responsibility for getting fullyinvolved in the academic program rests with thestudent, the interchange that takes place betweenstudents and faculty is a very important part of thelearning process. Because the campus is small, andbecause of their interest in students, faculty membersare generally accessible and ready to assist.The Baccalaureate DegreeThe liberal arts program at Virginia WesleyanCollege offers a bachelor of arts degree, a bachelor ofscience degree, and a bachelor of social work degreewith numerous options for majors in the humanities,natural sciences, and social sciences. Studentscarrying the normal course load of 16 semester hourscan expect to graduate after eight semesters. Thespecific requirements for graduation are described inthis section of the catalog. The following majors anddegrees are offered:Majors and Degrees BA BS BSWAmerican StudiesXArtXBiology X XBusinessXChemistryXClassical StudiesXCommunicationXComprehensive Liberal Studies XComputer Science X XCriminal JusticeXEarth and Environmental Sciences X XEnglishXEnvironmental StudiesXFrench StudiesXGerman StudiesXHispanic StudiesXHistoryXHistory and Social Sciences XIndividualizedXInternational StudiesXLatinXMathematics X XMusicXPhilosophyXPolitical ScienceXPsychologyXRecreation and Leisure Studies XReligious StudiesXSocial Sciences Divisional XSocial WorkSociologyXTheatreXTheatre and EnglishXWomen’s and Gender Studies XAdditional Baccalaureate DegreeStudents may earn a maximum of one B.A., oneB.S., and one B.S.W. at Virginia Wesleyan byfulfilling the requirements for each degree, eitherseparately or concurrently. Students who havecompleted one degree and wish to complete a seconddegree must earn a minimum of 32 additionalsemester hours beyond the first degree. These 32hours must be in traditionally graded courses. At least24 of the 32 hours must be at the 300/400 level, andat least 20 must be in the major field. The grade pointaverage for the second degree is separate from thegrade point average for the initial degree unlesscompleted concurrently.A student pursuing two degrees concurrently atVirginia Wesleyan must earn a minimum of 160semester hours.A degree may not be earned by combining partialrequirements for a B.A. with partial requirements fora B.S. or a B.S.W., nor may a second degree beawarded with a major in the same academic field asthe first degree. Graduation requirements andlimitations, in addition to specific requirements forthe major and minor, are the same for B.A., B.S., andB.S.W. degrees and may serve to fulfill therequirements of both degrees.Once a baccalaureate degree has been awarded,the GPA for the degree is frozen. Subsequentcoursework and grades are not calculated into theinitial GPA for the degree. Coursework completed aspart of the initial degree may be repeated, but thesubsequent grade does not replace the initial grade.All courses and grades from Virginia Wesleyan areincluded in the academic record, and grades earned incourses for both degrees are calculated into the overallVirginia Wesleyan GPA. Coursework that repeatscredit applied toward an initial degree does not counttoward the 32 additional hours in residence that arerequired for a subsequent degree.X

46PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 47All requirements in effect at the time ofgraduation must be satisfied. All holders of abachelor’s degree are subject to the academicrequirements and regulations for seniors. Suchstudents are eligible for scholastic awards andrecognition including Dean’s List, HonorableMention List, and honor societies. Candidates forLatin honors must earn a minimum of 60 semesterhours at Virginia Wesleyan.If in the judgment of the faculty in the major area,the earlier work of a student does not adequatelycover more recent advances or needs in the field, thestudent may be required to repeat certain courses orotherwise make up the deficiency. Theserequirements should be established at an early date.They must have the approval of the division chair inthe major and be kept on file in the Registrar’s Office.GraduationRequirementsFirst-Year ExperienceAll freshmen—and transfer students with fewerthan 12 semester hours—must complete the onecreditcourse, FYE 101 First-Year Experience. (Atransfer student is a student who has graduated fromhigh school and attended college. Students who havecompleted dual enrollment courses in high school areconsidered first-time freshmen, not transfer students,and must complete FYE 101). Most FYE 101’s arepaired with a 4-credit content freshmen level coursechosen by the student from the college’s offerings forfreshmen, and is designed to help students engageand succeed both academically and socially inVirginia Wesleyan’s academic community. Led by afaculty mentor, a small, close-knit group of newstudents engage in an array of activities and exercisesthat invite them to explore the liberal arts, connect tothe campus community, and develop the personalresourcefulness that leads to success in college.Students who do not pass the FYE 101 requirementhave the option to repeat FYE 101 the followingspring semester.The Divisional RequirementAmong the courses used to satisfy the GeneralStudies program described below, a minimum of foursemester hours must be successfully completed ineach of the college’s three academic divisions:Humanities, National Sciences and Mathematics, andSocial Sciences.The Program of General StudiesThe General Studies curriculum at VirginiaWesleyan is designed to enable students to gain basicverbal and quantitative competencies, to ask andaddress complex questions from multipleperspectives, and to acquire the skills of criticalthinking, creative expression, and innovation neededto be lifelong learners. The program requires 45 to 57semester hours of study.Competencies(13-25 semester hours)1. English Composition(4 semester hours)Students fulfill this requirement bycompleting English 105, College Writing,during their first year at the college. They learnhow to write papers for a variety of rhetoricalpurposes. They develop strong editing andproofreading skills and practice citing sourcesaccurately using the MLA system. Somestudents may be required to take English 001,Writing Review, before taking English 105. Tosatisfy the requirement, students must pass thecourse with a grade of C or higher.2. Writing Program (W)(8 semester hours)All students must successfully complete twocourses designated as Writing Intensive (W).They may choose these courses from among thecollege’s 300/400-level offerings. These coursesare intended to help upperclassmen continue todevelop their writing skills and learn about theconventions of academic and professionalwriting in their fields of interest.3. Foreign Language Proficiency(up to 12 semester hours,depending on placement)Foreign Language Proficiency: All studentsmust demonstrate proficiency in a languageother than English, equivalent to the minimalpassing grade on the exit examination in the213 course. For modern languages this level isdefined in the American Council on theTeaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)proficiency guidelines as the Intermediate-Midlevel for speaking, listening, reading andwriting. For Latin, this level is defined by theadvanced progress indicators of the AmericanPhilological Association’s Standard for ClassicalLearning.Entering students may demonstrateproficiency by presenting a score of at least 600on the CEEB Foreign Language Achievementtest or a 4 or 5 on the Advanced Placementexam. (Eight semester hours are awarded for ascore of 5, and four semester hours for a scoreof 4.) Students who score below 600 on theCEEB Achievement test, below a 4 on theAdvanced Placement exam, or below theminimal level on the college’s own placementexam are placed in a foreign language course oftheir choice at the level determined by theforeign languages and literatures faculty. Theymust take the necessary coursework to attainthe required level of proficiency.Transfer students may demonstrate foreignlanguage proficiency either through coursework completed at Virginia Wesleyan or bytransferring equivalent coursework fromanother college or university. Students whotransfer in 60 or more semester hours ofcoursework must successfully complete onlytwo semesters of foreign language. Foreignlanguage requirements for Adult StudiesProgram (ASP) students are outlined in thatprogram’s section of the catalog.The foreign languages and literatures facultyurges students needing to take a language toenroll immediately in the designated course. Ifthey choose not to enroll immediately, theymust begin their language study within threesemesters of entrance.Frames of Reference and theSenior Integrative Experience(32 semester hours)Courses that a student takes in orderto complete the following Frames ofReference requirements must comefrom different disciplinary rubrics.1. Aesthetic Understanding (A)(4 semester hours)Courses bearing the Aesthetic Understanding(A) designation explore visual art,music, theatre, film, and/or creative writing.These courses offer students the opportunity tounderstand our cultural heritage as expressed inworks of artistic expression created by othersand/or to create these kinds of worksthemselves. Students study the creative processitself to understand and evaluate worksintended to provoke an aesthetic response.Goals:• To become acquainted with major achievementsin the arts.• To explore the cultural and historical contextof artistic achievements.• To learn techniques for critical analysis andappreciation of works of art.• To acquire an appropriate vocabulary withwhich to articulate this knowledge.• In classes focusing on creative expression, tolearn the techniques, discipline, and value ofcreating works intended to evoke an aestheticresponse.2. Historical Perspectives (H)(4 semester hours)Courses bearing the Historical Perspectives(H) designation focus on how societies changeover time, including how politics, values,beliefs, ideas, cultures, and individuals, interactwith and reflect specific historical contexts.This emphasis on historical context excludescourses that are focused on a specific discipline(i.e., the history of history).Goals:• To demonstrate understanding of howsocieties change over time.• To learn how to interpret and evaluateprimary materials in their historical contextsand from later historical perspectives.• To cultivate independent arguments abouthistorical developments based on the studyof primary material.3. Natural Science Laboratory (L)(4 semester hours)Courses bearing the Natural ScienceLaboratory (L) designation explore the naturalworld from a scientific perspective byemploying empirical methods includingrigorous observation, experimentation, dataanalysis, and interpretation of hypotheses.Students use scientific techniques in thelaboratory and/or field to develop anunderstanding of the scientific method andgain an in-depth understanding of an aspect ofthe natural world.Goals:• To develop students’ understanding of thenatural world through first-hand experiencewith scientific methodologies.• To conduct hands-on scientific researchinvolving the collection, analysis andinterpretation of systematic observationsand/or data.• To demonstrate knowledge of the scientificway of knowing – the use of systematicobservation and experimentation to developtheories and test hypotheses.4. Quantitative Perspectives (Q)(4 semester hours)Courses bearing the QuantitativePerspectives (Q) designation focus on theanalysis of data or models. These coursesemphasize critical reflection on theperformance, accuracy, applicability, andsoundness of conclusions based on data ormathematical models.All Q courses have a mathematics placementprerequisite. The math placement codesindicate levels of mathematics preparation forincoming students. A student’s application file,transcripts, and SAT or ACT scores form the

48PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 49basis for placement. The levels are coded byletters: H, A, B, C, D. Students may challengetheir placements by contacting theMathematics Department coordinator.Students who receive a placement level of Dmust take Math 005, which does not satisfy theQ requirement. Students who successfullycomplete 005 are expected to enroll in a coursethat does satisfy the requirement; Math 104 issuggested. Students who receive a placementlevel of C must take Math 104, which doessatisfy the Q requirement.Students who receive a placement level of B,A, or H may enroll in courses that bear theirplacement level as a minimum prerequisite. Forinstance, students with A placement may takeB placement courses. Placement levels are listedin the prerequisite section for each Q course.Students who receive a placement level of Hshould consult with a member of theMathematics Department regarding upperlevelwork.Goals:• To study varied approaches to quantitativemethods and the critical analysis of dataand/or mathematical models.• To understand the applicability ofquantitative reasoning to real worldsituations by using authentic numerical datawhenever possible.• To recognize the limits of quantitativemethods in particular contexts.• To read, construct, interpret, and evaluatetables, graphs, charts, data, and/ormathematical models.5. Institutional and Cultural Systems (S)(4 semester hours)Courses bearing the Institutional andCultural Systems (S) designation focus onhuman society and its attempts to attain goalsvalued collectively. Special emphasis is placedon developing a better and more criticalunderstanding of the institutions and culturalsystems that play an increasingly significantrole in contemporary life.Goals:• To explore different ways of defining society,including learning to recognize various typesof social phenomena and distinguishingtypes of social organization.• To examine different types of social goals,their sources, and the institutions andprocesses that implement them.• To understand, apply, and integrateanalytical perspectives from diverse fields ofinquiry in the analysis of society and socialinstitutions.6. Literary Textual Analysis (T)(4 semester hours)200-level courses bearing the LiteraryTextual Analysis (T) designation are designedprimarily to help students to refine theirwriting and literary analytical skills. Thesecourses emphasize the thoughtful productionof written work; the interpretation ofrhetorical, symbolic and figurative language;and the meaning of implicit argumentation.Goals:• To present interpretive arguments in clear,well-organized essays.• To develop writing skills using moreadvanced compositional techniques thanwere used in English 105.• To understand the literary mode of textualanalysis, which includes the use of symbolicand figurative use of language, intertextualreference, and metaphor, and how such amode builds upon more fundamental textualanalytical skills.• To understand how to read literary texts thatuse implicit arguments, the role thatfigurative language plays in the creation ofsuch implicit arguments, and how such textsserve as models for students’ owncompositional skills.7. Ethical Values and FaithPerspectives (V) (4 semester hours)Courses bearing the Ethical Values and FaithPerspectives (V) designation explore one of twopossible areas of knowledge or a combinationof both.Ethical Values: Such courses are designed toprepare students to analyze moral and ethicalproblems, propose solutions, and makeresponsible decisions.Goals:• To identify moral and ethical issues.• To develop analytical skills for dealing withthese issues.• To understand both the logical and thepersonal and social consequences of moralstands.Faith Perspectives: Such courses are designed toprepare students to recognize how faithperspectives and religious heritages shapeworldviews; to enable students to analyze,compare, and interpret historical religioustraditions; and to help students recognize theimplications of those traditions for individualsand societies.Goals:• To identify the worldview and value systemsof various faith perspectives.• To recognize how faith perspectives shapeworldviews, actions, and interactions withsociety.• To develop conceptual tools and analyticalskills for understanding and criticizing faithand value experiences in a rational way.Senior Integrative Experience (I)(4 semester hours)The Senior Integrative Experience is thecapstone experience for the General StudiesFrames of Reference Program. Investigatingcomplex problems demands a mature, holistic,and integrative approach. SIE courses thusARTH 333ARTH 352BIO 316CHEM 330CLAS 330CLAS 350CLAS 450COMM 335COMM 411CJ 393CJ 418CJ 420EES 340EDUC 321ENG 301ENG 302ENG 303ENG 304ENG 306ENG 310ENG 311ENG 314ENG 318ENG 319ENG 327ENG 333ENG 336ENG 346ENG 347ENG 350ENG 357ENG 365ENG 378ENG 385ENG 398ENG 410ENG 472ENG 489ENVS 306ENVS 326ENVS 410FR 335FR 443GER 305GER 307GER 340HIST 303HIST 314HIST 319HIST 323HIST 325HIST 328HIST 347HIST 352HIST 353HIST 360HIST 415HIST 426HIST 460INST 470INST 482JOUR 435MBE 301require students to draw upon multiple framessimultaneously typically by presenting andsynthesizing claims from different frames ofreference in order to respond to a singlequestion, problem or issue.Goals:• To review the differing methods thatcharacterize each of the frames of reference.• To reflect on the need for integrativethinking in response to complex issue,problems and questions.• To produce a major project which drawsupon multiple frames of reference.COURSES SATISFYING GENERAL STUDIES REQUIREMENTSCourses are subject to change.Writing Intensive (W)Complete two from the following list:FRAMES OF REFERENCEAesthetic Understanding (A)Complete one from the following list:ART 105ART 204ART 205ART 206ART 207ART 208ART 209ART 213ART 307ART 350ARTH 201CLAS 370COMM 221ENG 232ENG 298FR 334GER 240GER 244GER 340HUM 231MUS 100MUS 101MUS 102MUS 110MUS 201MUS 213MUS 214MUS 250MUS 251MUS 252MBE 324MBE 330MBE 332MBE 333MBE 355MBE 373MBE 400MBE 406MBE 407MATH 333MATH 471PHIL 332PHIL 337POLS 323POLS 326POLS 348POLS 350POLS 373PSY 354PSY 480MUS 253MUS 313MUS 314MUS 350MUS 351MUS 352MUS 353PSY 394SPAN 270REC 308REC 311REC 340REC 342RELST 335SOC 308SOC 311SOC 319SOC 418SOC 480SPAN 307SPAN 317SW 307SW 401TH 301TH 302TH 346TH 347WGS 319SPAN 329SPAN 370TH 100TH 101TH 210TH 220TH 301TH 302TH 375

50PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 51or complete a total of four semester hours from the following list:APMU 111APMU 113APMU 121APMU 122APMU 131APMU 132APMU 141APMU 142APMU 151APMU 152APMU 161APMU 162APMU 211APMU 221APMU 222APMU 230APMU 231APMU 232APMU 241APMU 242APMU 251APMU 252APMU 261APMU 262APMU 321APMU 322APMU 331APMU 332APMU 341APMU 342APMU 351APMU 352APMU 361APMU 362APMU 421APMU 422APMU 431APMU 432APMU 441APMU 442APMU 451APMU 452APMU 461APMU 462Literary Textual Analysis (T)Complete one from the following list:CLAS 263CLAS 264ENG 216ENG 250ENG 251ENG 258ENG 259ENG 261ENG 263ENG 264Ethical Values and Faith Perspectives (V)Complete one from the following list:ENG 265ENG 266ENG 280ENG 281ENG 284ENG 285ENG 286ENG 287ENG 289PHIL 203POLS 203TH 250Historical Perspectives (H)Complete one from the following list:ARTH 231ARTH 232ARTH 341ARTH 351CLAS 209CLAS 210CLAS 356CLAS 360FR 328FR 329GER 317GER 344HIST 219HIST 220HIST 250HIST 251HIST 252HIST 306HIST 313HIST 314HIST 316HIST 317HIST 325HIST 328HIST 347HIST 348HIST 349HIST 350HIST 351HIST 352HIST 353HIST 380HIST 385HIST 415HIST 417HIST 418MBE 330PHIL 332PHIL 336POLS 317RELST 303RELST 304RELST 326CLAS 105COMM 335CSRF 232CSRF 233ENVS 304GER 205GER 305HIST 248HUM 150PHIL 101PHIL 102PHIL 105PHIL 110PHIL 212PHIL 215PHIL 221PHIL 253PHIL 272PHIL 304PHIL 316PHIL 321PHIL 328PHIL 337PHIL 350PHIL 353PHIL 372POLS 204POLS 239RELST 113RELST 116RELST 140RELST 157RELST 180RELST 181RELST 217RELST 218RELST 232RELST 233RELST 238RELST 250RELST 251RELST 253RELST 320RELST 335RELST 336RELST 338RELST 341RELST 351RELST 352RELST 353RELST 361RELST 452SOC 336SPED 371SW 307SW 361Natural Science Laboratory (L)Complete one from the following list:BIO 100BIO 131BIO 132BIO 150BIO 221BIO 222CHEM 120Quantitative Perspectives (Q)Complete one from the following list:CS 110CS 112CS 205MATH 104MATH 135MATH 136Institutional and Cultural Systems (S)Complete one from the following list:AMST 200BIO 285CJ 348COMM 101ENVS 106ENVS 326GEOG 112GEOG 113HIST 346INST 202MBE 106MBE 332MBE 333MBE 373POLS 103POLS 111POLS 112POLS 201POLS 202POLS 206EES 131EES 133EES 200MATH 150MATH 171MATH 172POLS 210POLS 250POLS 302POLS 323POLS 326POLS 335POLS 343POLS 344POLS 345POLS 348EES 210PHSC 100PHYS 141MATH 189MATH 205MATH 210POLS 350POLS 353POLS 355POLS 373POLS 422PSY 380REC 101SOC 100SOC 110SOC 219PHYS 142PHYS 221PHYS 222POLS 265PSY 210SW 450SOC 237SOC 251SOC 270SOC 311SOC 351SPAN 355SPAN 365SW 201WGS 219Senior Integrative Experience (I)Complete one from the following list:ART 450BIO 435BIO 460BIO 475CLAS 450COMM 411CJ 489EES 425EES 435ENG 410ENG 472ENVS 410FR 443GER 444HIST 425HIST 426HIST 433HIST 451HIST 489HUM 431INST 470INST 482MajorsEach student must successfully complete at leastone major offered by the college. The student mustdeclare a major and designate a major advisor no laterthan the semester in which the student completes 64hours. Subsequent change to a different major issubject to the requirements of that particular major,such as restrictions on GPA and time of declaration.Forms for completing this process are available on theRegistrar’s home page or in the Registrar’s Office.Students may change majors at any time by filing anew declaration.The student’s major advisor or committee mustcertify that the student has successfully completed allthe requirements for the major prior to graduation. Astudent may not present more than 64 semester hoursin any one discipline or more than 88 semester hoursin any two disciplines to fulfill graduationrequirements (see “Limitation on Course Credits”).MBE 406MBE 407MBE 417POLS 499PSY 477REC 408RELST 461RELST 463SOC 430SOC 489TH 410WGS 430SW 410SW 475Other Graduation RequirementsTotal Semester Hours: Students must complete atleast 128 semester hours of academic coursework,two-thirds of which must be traditionally graded.Grade Point Average: Students must have at leasta 2.0 (C) grade point average in the major and at leasta 2.0 cumulative average. The comprehensive liberalstudies and the history and social science majorsrequire a 2.5 average. The individualized majorrequires a 2.7 average.Residence Requirement: Effective Fall 2013, allstudents are required to complete 128 semester hoursto graduate, and they must complete their last 32hours and at least 16 semester hours in their majorarea in residence at Virginia Wesleyan.First-Year Experience: All freshmen—andtransfer students with fewer than 12 semester hours—must complete the one-credit course, FYE 101First-Year Experience. (A transfer student is a student

52PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 53who has graduated from high school and attendedcollege. Students who have completed dualenrollment courses in high school are considered firsttimefreshmen, not transfer students, and mustcomplete FYE 101). Most FYE 101’s are paired witha 4-credit content freshmen level course chosen by thestudent from the college’s offerings for freshmen, andis designed to help students engage and succeed bothacademically and socially in Virginia Wesleyan’sacademic community. Led by a faculty mentor, asmall, close-knit group of new students engage in anarray of activities and exercises that invite them toexplore the liberal arts, connect to the campuscommunity, and develop the personal resourcefulnessthat leads to success in college. Students who do notpass the FYE 101 requirement have the option torepeat FYE 101 the following spring semester.Oral Communication Proficiency: All studentsmust demonstrate the ability to speak well in theEnglish language. Each academic major has anapproved plan to help students develop effectivespeaking skills and to assess their competency in oralcommunication.Foreign Language Proficiency: All students mustdemonstrate proficiency in a language other thanEnglish. Details about satisfying the languageproficiency requirement may be found in the“Program of General Studies” section of the catalog.Computer Literacy: All entering students shouldhave basic computer skills, including e-mail, wordprocessing, and accessing information on theInternet. In addition, students graduating fromVirginia Wesleyan must meet discipline-specificstandards of computer literacy established for theirmajor programs.Application for GraduationDegrees are conferred in May, August, and December.Each candidate for a degree is required to file anApplication for Graduation according to thefollowing schedule:Degree Received December May August**Apply for9/15 of the 9/15 of the 9/15 of theGraduation onsame year previous year previous yearWebAdvisor by:Completion ofall Graduation End of fall End of springRequirements semester semester8/20Date of DegreeConferral: December May AugustDate of May of the Previous orCommencement following May followingExercises: year May****See Two-Course Rule for August Candidates.The Application for Graduation can be foundafter logging in to WebAdvisor.Commencement Exercises: Students are eligibleand expected to participate in the first Maycommencement exercises held after they havecompleted all graduation requirements. PotentialDecember graduates are also encouraged to attend theDecember reception held for them.Two-Course Rule for August Candidates: Atthe end of the spring semester, if a potential graduatehas at most two courses to complete, the student mayobtain permission from the Registrar’s Office toparticipate in May commencement exercises. Tosecure such permission, a student must:• have submitted an Application for Graduationby the mandated deadline the previousSeptember;• have at most two courses remaining tocomplete all graduation requirements;• have at least a 2.0 overall grade point average;• have at least a 2.0 grade point average in atraditional major, or at least a 2.5 in acomprehensive liberal studies, or history andsocial science major, or at least a 2.7 in anindividualized major; and• enroll in Virginia Wesleyan’s summer sessionsto complete the remaining graduationrequirements.For purposes of determining two courses, thefollowing applies: an internship is considered onecourse, regardless of the number of semester hours itcarries; a science course together with a co-requisitelab is considered one course.If the student receives permission to participate inthe commencement, special notice will be made ofthe student’s status as an August candidate, and thedegree will be conferred in August upon successfulcompletion of the remaining courses. Honors statuswill not be determined until all summer courseworkis completed.A student who has participated in the Maycommencement exercises as an August candidate maynot participate in a later commencement. If a studenthas not completed all degree requirements by August15, the degree will be conferred at the next conferraldate—December, May, or August—followingsuccessful completion of all degree requirements.TranscriptsTranscripts are provided by the Registrar’s Officeand are issued only upon the written request of thestudent. All financial obligations to the college mustbe met prior to the release of a transcript.A transcript of work completed at any high schoolor at any college other than Virginia WesleyanCollege must be obtained directly from thatinstitution.Major ProgramsEach student is required to choose a major field ofconcentration from one of the College’s thirty-fourmajors and to complete the requirements of thatprogram. Details for majors are found in thealphabetical listing of majors and courses in the“Programs and Courses” section of this catalog (analphabetical list is provided here).MajorsAmerican StudiesArtBiologyBusinessChemistryClassical StudiesCommunicationComprehensive Liberal StudiesComputer ScienceCriminal JusticeEarth and Environmental SciencesEnglishEnvironmental StudiesFrench StudiesGerman StudiesHispanic StudiesHistoryHistory and Social SciencesIndividualized StudiesInternational StudiesLatinMathematicsMusicPhilosophyPolitical SciencePsychologyRecreation and Leisure StudiesReligious StudiesSocial Sciences DivisionalSocial WorkSociologyTheatreTheatre and EnglishWomen’s and Gender StudiesAcademic Regulationsand InformationClassification of Students:Academic classification of studentsis determined by semester hours earnedtoward a degree:Semester Hours EarnedClass0-23 Freshman24-53 Sophomore54-84 and Declarationof Major filedJunior85+ SeniorMinors: In addition to a major program, studentshave the option of completing one or more minors.This choice must be approved by a full-time facultymember of the department in which the minor willbe completed, who will certify that the student hascompleted the requirements for the minor prior tograduation. No more than 8 semester hours taken tofulfill requirements for a student’s major (or majors)may also be used to fulfill requirements for a minor.A course used to fulfill requirements for a minor maybe used to fulfill a General Studies requirement.Students with Advanced Placement credit shouldconsult the specific department to determine whetherthose semester hours can be included as part of theminor. Application for Minor forms are due in theRegistrar’s Office by March 1 for May or Augustgraduation and by October 1 for Decembergraduation.The requirements for a minor shall consist of aminimum of 20 semester hours and a maximum of28 semester hours (traditionally graded). Twelvehours must be at the 200 level or above, and at least8 of those hours must be at the 300 level or above. Aminimum of 12 hours must be taken in residence atVWC. A 2.0 GPA (C) average is required for allcourses taken in the minor field. Students may notcomplete a minor in the same area(s) as theirmajor(s). The requirements for each minor are listedin the appropriate section of this catalog that dealswith that discipline.Summary of course andcredit requirements for minors:• A minimum of five courses (20 hours)• A maximum of seven courses (28 hours)• Two courses may overlap with other major(s)or minor(s).• Three courses at the 200 level or above, at leasttwo of which are at the 300 level or above.

60PLAN OF STUDY PLAN OF STUDY 61*After 64 credit hours, students with a GPA below2.0 can be placed on probation by the Committeeon Academic Standing, or suspended or dismissedby the Committee.Academic ClemencyVirginia Wesleyan College recognizes that somestudents may, for a variety of reasons, developacademic records that do not reflect their trueabilities. Students who leave the college with poorrecords may wish to request academic clemency upontheir return. To encourage students to try again afteran unsuccessful experience, the college is prepared toextend academic clemency based on the followingpolicies:• A student who returns to the college after anabsence of at least ten consecutive fall andspring semesters may submit a request to theDean of the College for academic clemency.• A student must request academic clemency atthe time of first readmission following his orher return to the college. If clemency is granted,previous coursework with a grade below 2.0(C) is not used to satisfy any graduationrequirement, nor is it calculated in thecumulative GPA or hours earned.• Academic clemency is granted only once, andonce granted may not be rescinded. It isavailable only to degree-seeking students andapplies only to previous coursework with gradesbelow 2.0 (C). Students must identify thesemester(s) for which clemency will be applied.• Students readmitted under this provision mustsatisfy the requirements listed in the catalogthat is current at the time of readmission.• All coursework and forgiven grades remain onthe academic transcript, but a statement ofacademic clemency is entered after eachsemester for which grades are forgiven.• A student who has been granted academicclemency is not precluded from graduatingwith honors.Student Rights and Responsibilities:Family Educational Rights andPrivacy Act of 1974All educational records of students enrolled at thecollege are maintained in accordance with theprovisions of the Family Educational Rights andPrivacy Act of 1974 as Amended. The Act wasdesigned to protect the privacy of educational records,to establish the right of students to inspect and reviewtheir educational records, and to provide guidelinesfor the correction of inaccurate or misleading datathrough informal and formal hearings.Student consent is required for the release ofrecords covered by the Act to outside parties (i.e.,prospective employers), except for those agenciesentitled to access under the provisions of the Act (i.e.,college personnel with a legitimate educationalinterest, federal education and auditing officials, andrequests related to the application for or receipt offinancial assistance).Any other access must have written authorizationfrom the student, with the exception of certain“directory information,” which includes the name,address, and telephone number of the student, e-mailaddress, major field of study, dates of attendance,degrees, awards and honors received (includingdates), photographic view or electronic images, andthe most recent previous educational agency orinstitution attended.Adult StudiesProgramBecause Virginia Wesleyan is committed toencouraging learning as a lifelong process, the AdultStudies Program (ASP) offers evening and weekendcourses to help meet the educational needs of adultsage 23 or older whose work, family and communitycommitments require scheduling courses outside ofdaytime hours. ASP courses take into considerationthe special needs of adult learners while maintainingthe academic quality found in all Virginia Wesleyanprograms. Courses are offered for those who plan tocomplete a degree, as well as for those who wish totake individual courses for personal enrichment orcareer advancement.Adult Studies students may pursue their studieseither full-time (at least 12 semester hours persemester) or part-time (fewer than 12 semester hours)and either as classified students (i.e., pursuing adegree or other designated program) or unclassifiedstudents (taking individual courses for credit, but nottowards a degree or designated program).AdmissionTo start the application process, applicants mustbe at least 23 years of age and have graduated fromhigh school with a 2.0 GPA, or have a high schoolequivalency certification. Transfer students must haveat least a cumulative 2.0 GPA in previous collegework and be in good financial standing with previousacademic institutions.Transfer Students: To assist prospective students instructuring their program at Virginia Wesleyan, theAdult Studies staff provides unofficial transcriptevaluations through appointments with our academicadvisors. Once students have formally applied andbeen accepted to the program and official copies of allcollege transcripts have been received, they receive anofficial transcript evaluation from the Registrar’sOffice.Internal Transfer: Sometimes changes in a student’scircumstances or goals make it necessary to transferinternally between the day program and the AdultStudies Program. Although the college does notpermit repeated switching between the two programs,a process exists to accommodate a transfer whencircumstances warrant. However, students who firstenroll in one branch of the college and subsequentlychange to the other program remain bound by theforeign language requirement of the program inwhich they first enrolled unless three full semesters ormore elapse between their departure and the semesterfor which they seek readmission. Students interestedin an internal transfer should contact either theAdmissions Office or the Adult Studies Office.Internal transfers must be approved by the Dean ofAdmissions and the Director of the Adult StudiesProgram.Financial Aid: Basic financial aid information isavailable in the Adult Studies Office. The amount oftraditional financial aid available to part-timestudents is limited. To qualify, students mustdemonstrate financial need and carry at least 6semester hours per semester.Because traditional financial assistance is limited,Virginia Wesleyan has developed a unique AdultIncentive Grant through which the Adult Studiestuition rate is substantially reduced from the dayprogram rate.Another form of financial assistance is the college’sEmployer Tuition Deferral (ETD) program, whichenables qualifying participants to defer their paymentof tuition until their employer reimburses them at theend of the semester.Military tuition assistance and veterans’ benefitsmay be applied toward tuition for Adult Studiescourses. A fixed Active Duty Military Rate providesfor tuition compensation for those students who havenot yet retired from military service.The Adult Studies Corporate Rate Program offersa 10% reduction in tuition costs for employees ofcorporations and organizations that partner with theAdult Studies Program.Finally, a limited number of scholarships areawarded annually to selected Adult Studies students,based on financial need and academic achievement.Details about these various forms of financialassistance may be obtained at the Adult Studies Officeor on the program’s home page. Students shouldcontact the college’s financial aid office forinformation about federal financial aid eligibility.Major ProgramsSeveral majors are available through the AdultStudies Program. For detailed information on each ofthese programs, see listings in the “Major Programs”and “Programs and Courses” sections of this catalog.1. Business2. Social Sciences Divisional with a concentrationin criminal justice, history, politicalscience, psychology, or sociology3. History and Social Science with teachercertification in history and social science4. History and Social Science5. Comprehensive Liberal Studies, CurricularEmphasis (teacher preparation program). Thisis a major for students seeking teachercertification as an elementary school or specialeducation teacher. The identified courses meetthe teacher competencies required by theCommonwealth of Virginia. Students mustapply and be accepted into the VWCEducation Program. The PRAXIS I and VCLAexams must be passed to Virginia standardsbefore enrolling in the professional educationcoursework sequence. Students seeking thiscertification must also pass the Reading forVirginia Educators Assessment test before theycan student teach. PRAXIS II must be passedbefore student teaching6. Comprehensive Liberal StudiesDepending on a student’s current circumstancesand educational background, other majors may beavailable on an individual basis.General InformationDegree Requirements: Requirements for completinga degree in the Adult Studies program are thesame as those for day students, with one exception.Regardless of how many semester hours they transferin, ASP students are required to complete only twosemesters of one foreign language. Students mayfulfill this requirement by having completed two yearsof a foreign language in high school with a C (2.0) orhigher average.Audit: Adults from the local community may auditAdult Studies courses without record for a fee of $50per semester hour. Certain courses may be auditedonly on a space-available basis. Audit registrationsmay not be changed to credit status at a later date.Students who audit with record are required to paythe current Adult Studies tuition rate and are gradedon a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis. Senior citizensage 62 or over may audit Virginia Wesleyan courseson a space-available basis for $50 per course.

62PLAN OF STUDYAdvising: The Adult Studies Office offers academiccounseling and extended office hours to assist eveningstudents with the transition to college life, with amid-life career change, or with advancement andcareer development.Class Schedules: The Adult Studies class scheduleaccommodates the traditional work day, with classesthat meet in the evening or on alternate weekends andsome that incorporate modified distance learning.The program is flexible to accommodate busyschedules. The typical part-time student takes one ortwo courses each semester, but students may worktowards a degree as slowly or as rapidly as they wish.Part-time students are especially encouraged to enrollin the summer sessions.Summer Sessions: For both day and eveningstudents, the summer schedule offers a variety ofcourses in sessions of varying lengths.Alternative Forms of Credit.College Level Examination Program (CLEP): :Virginia Wesleyan participates in the College LevelExamination Program, a national program of creditby-examinationthat offers a student the opportunityto obtain recognition for college-level achievement.Any currently enrolled student may earn collegecredit through CLEP in the subject areas as well as infive general areas (English composition, mathematics,natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences/history). CLEP credit must be earned prior to astudent’s last 32 semester hours at Virginia Wesleyan.A student may receive a maximum of 32 semesterhours for CLEP (or a combination of CLEP/DANTES) credit. Currently enrolled students mustobtain the Registrar’s approval by applying throughWebAdvisor before scheduling a testing session.Additional information is available on theRegistrar’s Office home page.Military Credit: Virginia Wesleyan follows theguidelines set forth by the American Council onEducation (ACE) when granting credit foreducational experiences in the armed services.Veterans should submit an appropriate transcript(such as SMART, AARTS, etc.). Credit awarded mustbe equivalent to courses offered at Virginia Wesleyanor logical extensions thereof and are subject to reviewby faculty in the academic field. A student mayreceive a maximum of 32 semester hours for militarycredit.Professional Certifications: Virginia Wesleyanfollows the guidelines set forth by the AmericanCouncil on Education (ACE) when granting creditfor professional certifications. In some cases,professional training and/or certification may earnAmerican Council of Education (ACE) credits.Official paperwork should be submitted by thestudent to the Registrar’s Office for evaluation.Programs and Courses

64 PROGRAMS AND COURSESSPECIAL DESIGNATIONSCollege courses are numbered at the 100,200, 300, and 400 levels. Traditionally,these levels correspond roughly to the freshman,sophomore, junior, and senior sequence of classstandings. As a rule, courses numbered at 100 and200 levels are introductory and have a broadeducational utility. Courses numbered at the 300 and400 levels generally build on previous introductoryofferings and have a more specific educational utility.100 ................................. freshman level200 ................................. sophomore level300 ................................. junior level400 ................................. senior levelCourses which count toward a given GeneralStudies requirement can be easily identified by acapital letter following the course title.A — Aesthetic UnderstandingH — Historical PerspectiveI — Senior Integrative ExperienceL — Laboratory CourseQ — Quantitative PerspectiveS — Institutional and Cultural SystemsT — Literary Textual AnalysisV — Ethical Values and Faith PerspectivesW — Writing CourseCOURSE OFFERINGSWhile the courses listed in the following pages aregenerally offered in the scheduling patterns indicated,factors such as staffing or demand result in somecourses being offered at irregular intervals.ACADEMIC SKILLSDEVELOPMENTPROGRAMS AND COURSESVirginia Wesleyan offers students manyopportunities to strengthen their academic skills.Academic departments and individual professorsoften assist students needing help with specificcourses. Tutoring and other academic support servicesare also available through the Learning and WritingCenter (see p. 14), where experienced, qualifiedstudents may serve as peer tutors for academic credit.ACADEMIC SKILLSDEVELOPMENT COURSES (ASD)301 Tutoring (1)Upperclassmen with grades no lower than B incertain courses may participate in tutoring for credit.To earn one semester hour, students fulfill a 30-hour tutoring contract. Tutoring sessions aresupervised by the Director of Tutoring and approvedby the instructor of the course tutored. Offered basedon need for tutors.AMERICAN STUDIESDR. ERIC M. MAZUR, Program CoordinatorThe American Studies major invites students toexplore the rich history and culture of the UnitedStates and the concept of “America” for diversecommunities within and outside of the United States.This interdisciplinary major prepares students forcareers in law, social service, teaching, journalism,business, library science, and the making of publicpolicy, as well as for graduate and professionaldegrees. The flexible academic program allowsstudents to design an individualized course of studydrawing on a wide variety of disciplines, includinghistory, political science, criminal justice, andgovernment; art, film, theatre, journalism, andliterature; education, economics, sociology, religiousstudies, and others. Virginia Wesleyan is located nearmany of the important places where history was madeand continues to be made: Jamestown, Williamsburg,Washington, D.C., and the homes of GeorgeWashington, Thomas Jefferson, and Robert E. Lee.Thus the program offers students an excitingeducational experience both in and out of theclassroom.Major Requirements: American StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.AMST 200Introduction to American Studies4Additional required courses(See Program Director for approved lists)16See continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageOne of the following:COMM 321Theories of Mass CommunicationENG 311Theory & CriticismHIST 360 4Junior Research SeminarSOC 345Foundations of SociologySOSCI 3xxResearch Methods for the Social SciencesWGS 319Feminist and Gender TheoryOne additional course from either4Category 1 or Category 2*AMST 4xx4American Studies ThesisTOTAL 32*For a complete listing of courses, please see theprogram coordinator.Minor Requirements: American StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.AMST 200Introduction to American Studies4One 300/400-level course fromthe Social Sciences*4One 300/400-level course fromthe Humanities*4Electives* 8TOTAL 20*For a complete listing of courses available in theAmerican Studies minor, please see the programcoordinator.AMERICAN STUDIES COURSES(AMST)200 Introduction to American Studies (4) SIntroduces students to the interdisciplinary fieldof American studies and exposes them to a variety ofapproaches to understanding American nationalexperiences, values, and ideals. Investigates the mythsand cultural narratives that have shaped ourdefinition of what it means to be American, andgeneral perceptions about American culture. Offeredeach fall.ANTHROPOLOGYART(See Sociology)MS. SHARON SWIFT, Program CoordinatorMR. PHILIP GUILFOYLEDR. JOYCE HOWELLMR. JOHN RUDELART65The Art Department offers courses in studio artand art history, balancing art production with anawareness of related cultural values. The art majorconsists of core courses in studio art and art history,upper-level electives in a choice of media, and acapstone course that involves creating a body of workand exhibiting it. Class work is supported by ongoingart exhibitions in two campus gallery spaces and byfield trips to local and regional museums andgalleries, further enriching the curriculum. Art majorsmay also earn certification for teaching bysupplementing the major with specific educationcourses and in-service teaching. Minors are offered inboth studio art and art history. Students should selectcourses for the minor according to their interests or tostrengthen skills needed for art-related careers incommunications, design, business, recreation,therapy, arts management, and other creative fields.Major Requirements: ArtCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ART 204Digital Art IART 206OR 4Painting IART 205Drawing IART 207OR 4Representations of SpaceART 208Photography I4ART 209Sculpture IART 213OR 4Ceramics IARTH 231Ancient & Medieval Art History4ARTH 232Renaissance to 20th Century Art4See continuation of choices next page

66 ARTART67Chart continued from previous pageFour ART or ARTH electivesat the 300/400 level*ART 450Studio Art SeminarMinor Requirements: Art HistoryCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE164TOTAL 44SEM.HRS.ARTH 231Ancient and Medieval Art History4ARTH 232Renaissance to 20th Century Art4Art history electives at the 300/400 level* 12Minor Requirements: Studio ArtCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 20SEM.HRS.ART 205Drawing IART 206OR 4Painting IART 209Sculpture IART 213OR 4CeramicsART 204Digital Art IART 208OR 4Photography IStudio art electives at the 300/400 level 8TOTAL 20*Students majoring in studio art and wishing also tocomplete a minor in art history must fulfill allupper-level course requirements for the major withstudio (ART) courses only. Art history (ARTH)courses that fulfill the requirements for the arthistory minor may not also be used to fulfill theupper-level requirements for the studio art major.ART COURSES (ART)105 Introduction to Studio Art (4) AIntroduces the basic studio materials andtechniques for making art in a variety of media thatmay include painting, drawing, ceramics, sculpture,printmaking, crafts, fibers, and/or electronictechnology. Includes lectures, demonstrations, studioparticipation and production, museum and/or artiststudio visits, and related historical information.Studio course. Lab fee. Offered in selected WinterSessions.204 Digital Art I (4) AExplores the computer as an art-making tool.Includes practice exercises to learn software. Topicsinclude photo manipulations, the use of color,typestyles, page design, and composition. Studentsapply these concepts and skills to original, digitalartworks. Studio course. Lab fee. Offered eachsemester.205 Drawing I (4) AAcquaints students with the basic concept ofdrawing with various media, including pencil,charcoal, chalk, and pen and ink. Experiences in skillbuildingexercises are emphasized, as well as theirpractical application. Studio course. Offered each fall.206 Painting I (4) AAn examination of basic painting techniques.Students study and experiment with a variety ofpainting media, including watercolor, acrylics, and oiltypes on various working-surface materials. Studentsuse these experiences to create their own pictorialinterpretations. Studio course. Offered each fall.207 Representations of Space (4) AUses studio exercises and group critiques of classprojects to explore visual perception and twodimensionalrepresentation of the world. Studentsexplore traditional drawing techniques andphotographic imagery to develop a repertoire ofintellectual, visual, and graphic techniques. Offeredin selected Winter Sessions.208 Photography I (4) AExplores photography as an art form. Topicsinclude the control of basic camera functions, digitalmedia, composition, artistic techniques, and lawsimpacting the use of photos. Students must supply adigital camera with manual control options. Studentsare responsible for the commercial development of allprints. Studio course.209 Sculpture I (4) AExplores the possibilities of sculptural form andthree-dimensional problem solving through materialssuch as cardboard, paper, clay, plaster, wood, wax, etc.Emphasis is placed on understanding threedimensionalconcepts of relief and sculpture-in-theroundthrough carving, modeling, and constructing.Studio course. Lab fee.213 Ceramics I (4) AStructured to provide an introduction to ceramicart production, balanced with ceramic art history,criticism, and aesthetics. Course topics include thedevelopment of techniques for hand-building andthrowing on the potter’s wheel, clay and glazepreparation, glazing, and kiln firing. Providesstudents of all skill levels with a solid foundation inceramics. Studio course. Lab fee. Offered eachsemester.303 Graphic Design (4)Introduction to the tools, methods, principles andpractice of graphic design. Topics include visualcommunication, the use of type, the importance ofvisual research, communicating with vendors, clientsand audiences, and the efficient use of graphicssoftware. Students create an entry-level, interviewqualityportfolio. Prerequisite: ART 101, 204, orconsent. Lab fee.304 Digital Art II (4)Explores the computer as a tool for personalexpression and production of artworks. Projectsconcentrate on the effective use of composition andcolor in original digital works. Topics includeintermediate software features, web-based portfolios,and animation. Prerequisite: ART 101, 204, orconsent. Studio course. Lab fee.305 Drawing II (4)An in-depth exploration of drawing techniques toinclude representational and expressive approaches invarious media. This course builds on the tools ofrepresentational drawing from ART 205.Prerequisite: ART 205 or consent.306 Painting II (4)An in-depth exploration of painting focused onrealism but also exploring abstraction and mixedmedia approaches. This course builds on conceptsfrom ART 206. Prerequisite: ART 206 or consent.307 Travel Photography (4) ATravel to specific regions or foreign countries foron-location photography. Topics include improvingphotographic skills, experiencing local arts andcultures, and creating interpretations of travelexperiences. Students must supply a digital camera.Travel may be physically demanding. May berepeated for credit as location varies. Prerequisite:consent. Offered in selected Winter and SummerSessions.308 Photography II (4)Intermediate exploration of digital photography.Emphasizes aesthetics and the development ofpersonally meaningful portfolio projects. Topicsinclude digital retouch, printing, and creativecomputer techniques with Photoshop. Students mustsupply a digital camera with manual control options.Students are responsible for the commercialdevelopment of all prints. Prerequisite: ART 208,225, or consent. Offered each spring.309 Sculpture II (4)A continuation of Sculpture I, with specialemphasis on exploring material for sculpture as usedin mobiles, constructions, installations, andenvironmental works. Prerequisite: ART 209 orconsent. Studio course. Lab fee.313 Ceramics II (4)A continuation of Ceramics I, with specialemphasis on wheel techniques and thrown forms.Students experiment with clays and glazes and havethe opportunity to fire their own works. Prerequisite:ART 117 or consent. Studio course. Lab fee.319 Studio Art Teaching Assistant (1)Allows qualified students to assist art instructorsin teaching their classes. Pass/fail grading.Prerequisite: consent. Offered each semester.350 Topics in Studio Art (4) AOffers the opportunity for focused, in-depthstudy of one studio art medium, including relatedaesthetic and historical considerations. Topics mayinclude: mixed media, jewelry, prints, fibers,installations, environmental art, raku, glass,blacksmithing, etc. May be repeated for credit astopics change. Prerequisite: junior/senior status orconsent. Studio course. Lab fee. Offered eachsemester.404 Photo and Digital Art Lab (4)An advanced art and design course exploring thedigital media of photography and computer graphics.Technical exercises and projects utilizing both mediaprepare students to develop their own projects. Topicsinclude creativity and inspiration, equipment,identifying audiences, and basic business practices forartists. Prerequisites: ART 304, 320, or 303 andconsent. Offered each spring.

68 ARTBIOLOGY69406 Advanced Drawing and Painting Lab (4)An advanced art and design course exploring twodimensionalimage making in traditional andnontraditional drawing and painting media. Thiscourse is designed for continued growth andexploration of materials and concepts. May berepeated for additional credit. Prerequisite: ART 305or 306 or consent. Studio course meets 4 hours eachweek. Art fee.409 Sculpture and Ceramics Lab (4)An advanced studio art course designed for thestudent’s continued growth and exploration of threedimensionalmethods and materials. May be repeatedfor additional credit. Prerequisites: ART 117, 209,211, 212, 213, 313 or 309. Studio course. Lab fee.Offered intermittently.450 Senior Art Seminar (4) IAdvanced course requiring the development of astudio research project. Students create a thematicallyfocused body of artwork for exhibition, anexplanatory paper, and an oral presentation whileacquiring professional skills appropriate to artsrelatedcareers. Prerequisite: consent. Offered eachspring.ART HISTORY COURSES (ARTH)201 Music and Art in theWestern World (4)AExplores the traditions of music, painting,sculpture, and architecture of the Western world.Beginning with the Greeks and continuing throughthe present, many individual works from importantart periods are introduced. Discussion topics includehow the arts reflect the sociocultural conditions oftheir time and place, how media are used, and howthe elements in each art form contribute to theaesthetic response. Identical to MUS 201.225 The Photograph (4)A history of photography from its invention in1839 to the present. The course investigates withintheir historical context the major categories ofphotography, such as portraiture, documentation,photo-journalism, and art photography.231 Ancient and Medieval Art History (4) HA survey of the visual arts and how theyfunctioned in culture, from prehistoric cave paintingsto the art and architecture of late Medieval Europe.The course concentrates on the Western tradition ofpainting, sculpture, and architecture. Offered eachfall.232 Renaissance to 20th-Century Art (4) HA survey of the visual arts and their relationship tosocial, cultural, and political history from theRenaissance to the Modern era. Concentrates on theEuropean tradition of painting, sculpture, andarchitecture, especially the changing social role ofartists and the development of modern definitions of“fine art.” This course is a chronological continuationof ARTH 231, but the latter is not a prerequisite.Offered each spring.333 Art of Africa, Asia,and the Americas (4)WSurveys the long-lived art traditions of diverseglobal cultures, including Africa, India, China, Japan,the Pacific, and Pre-Columbian and Native America.Prerequisite: successful completion of ENG 105 witha grade of C or higher.341 American Art (4) HA history of the visual arts in America from precolonialto modern times. Particular attention is paidto the relationship of the visual arts to social andpolitical history, and the issue of American identity inthe arts.351 19th-Century Art History (4) HA history of European and American art from theera of the French Revolution to the end of the 19thcentury. The works of major artists, such as David,Goya, Turner, Manet, Monet, Van Gogh, Munch,etc., are investigated within their historical contexts.352 20th-Century Art History (4) WA history of artists, works, and movements of20th century European and American art investigatedwithin their historical contexts. Prerequisite:successful completion of ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher.360 Topics in Art History (4)An in-depth study of one period of art history orsome disciplinary aspect or problem. May be repeatedfor credit as topic varies.BIOLOGYDR. SORAYA M. BARTOLDR. DEIRDRE GONSALVES-JACKSON,Program CoordinatorDR. PHILIP ROCKDR. MAYNARD H. SCHAUSDR. VICTOR R. TOWNSEND, JR.The Biology Department offers a diversifiedprogram that examines the life sciences by integratingmultiple disciplines, including the molecular natureof cellular structure and physiology, the evolutionarymechanisms of biodiversity, and the study of plantand animal communities in relationship to theenvironment. The curriculum is designed to promotediscovery and problem solving through scientificmethodology, with most courses featuring anintegrated laboratory component. In addition tomastering concepts, students learn to see thebiological sciences as a process of discovery throughthe completion of a mandatory experiential learningopportunity such as undertaking undergraduateresearch, completing an internship, studying abroadin the natural sciences, or enrolling in a field course ata biological or marine field station. In addition tocore biology courses, students are required tocomplete additional coursework in other naturalsciences. Both B.A. and B.S. degrees are offered inbiology. The curriculum for each degree is designed toprepare students for advanced study in the healthsciences and biological research, thereby enablingmotivated individuals to pursue successful careers asphysicians, veterinarians, biologists, environmentalresearchers, policymakers, public health professionals,scientific journalists, and educators.Major Requirements: Biology (B.A.)*COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.BIO 131Principles of Biology I: 4Evolution & EcologyBIO 132Principles of Biology II: 4Cell Biology & GeneticsEcological and EnvironmentalBiology Concentration8Two of the following:BIO 316, 320, 355, 385Evolutionary and IntegrativeBiology Concentration8Two of the following:BIO 354, 372, 373, 377, 380, or 410Molecular, Cellular, andDevelopmental Biology ConcentrationBIO 3118GeneticsOne of the following:BIO 371, 384, 420, 482Experiential Learning0-4BIO 470, 489, internship, or other optionsBIO electives at the 300/400 level4-8(excluding BIO 435, 460, 475)Total within department 40ADDITIONAL REQUIRED COURSESCHEM 120Introductory ChemistryCHEM 200Inorganic Chemistry44TOTAL 48*The MFAT exam is required during the senior year.Major Requirements: Biology (B.S.)*COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.BIO 131Principles of Biology I: 4Evolution & EcologyBIO 132Principles of Biology II: 4Cell Biology & GeneticsEcological and EnvironmentalBiology Concentration8Two of the following:BIO 316, 320, 355, 385Evolutionary and IntegrativeBiology Concentration8Two of the following:BIO 354, 372, 373, 377, 380, 410Molecular, Cellular, andDevelopmental Biology ConcentrationBIO 3118GeneticsAnd one of the following:BIO 371, 384, 420, 482Experiential Learning0-4BIO 470, 489, internship, or other optionsBIO electives at the 300/400 level 4-8(excluding BIO 435, 460, 475)Total within department 40ADDITIONAL REQUIRED COURSESCHEM 120Introductory Chemistry4CHEM 200Inorganic Chemistry4CHEM 221Organic Chemistry I4CHEM 222Organic Chemistry II4Two of the following:CHEM 210, 330; EES 270, 300; 8MATH 171, 172; PHYS 221, 222TOTAL 64*The MFAT exam is required during the senior year.

70 BIOLOGYBIOLOGY71Minor Requirements: BiologyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.BIO 131Principles of Biology I: 4Evolution and EcologyBIO 132Principles of Biology II: 4Cell Biology and GeneticsBIO Electives (300 level or higher)BIO 311, 316, 320, 354, 355,12371, 372, 373, 380, 384,385, 410, 420, 482TOTAL 20Minor Requirements: Marine ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.EES 200: Oceanography 4BIO 355: Marine Biology 4BIO 475 Natural and Social4History of the Chesapeake BaySelect two courses from the following:BIO 354Marine Invertebrate EvolutionBIO 373Invertebrate ZoologyBIO 435Tropical Ecology*BIO or EES 489Research in the Natural Sciences* 8EES 300Introduction to GeographicInformation SystemsEES 340ClimatologyEES 450Global Environmental CyclesTOTAL 20BIOLOGY COURSES (BIO)100 The World of Biology (4) LAn introduction to biology. Provides an overviewof the study of life, including how biology affects ourdaily lives, including such topics as biodiversity,genetic engineering, and problems associated with theexpanding human population. Designed for nonsciencemajors. $50 lab fee. Offered each semester.131 Principles of Biology I:Evolution and Ecology (4)LAn introduction to the biological sciences. Lecturetopics include Darwinian evolution, the origin anddiversity of life, functional morphology, and ecology.Designed for students intending to pursue a major inbiology or EES. $50 lab fee. Offered each fall.132 Principles of Biology II:Cell Biology and Genetics (4)LCompletes the introduction to the biologicalsciences for biology and EES majors. Lecture topicsinclude biochemistry, cell structure and processes, cellrespiration, fermentation, photosynthesis, celldivision, Mendelian genetics, gene expression, cancerbiology, and animal physiology. $50 lab fee. Offeredeach spring.150 Introduction to Marine Biology (4) LAn introduction to the organisms andcommunities of marine and estuarine areas. Studentsexamine the basic physical and ecological processesthat are pertinent to marine habitats and the diversityof marine organisms and ecosystems. Includes fieldand laboratory identification of local organisms andinvestigations of local field habitats. Designed fornon-science majors. $50 lab fee. Offered each fall.221 Human Anatomy and Physiology I (4) LAn integrated lecture/laboratory experience thatexamines the anatomy and physiology of humans.Includes a survey of the nervous, muscular, skeletal,integumentary, and respiratory systems. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours each week. $50 lab fee.Offered each fall.222 Human Anatomy and Physiology II (4) LAn integrated lecture/laboratory experience thatexamines the anatomy and physiology of humans.Includes a survey of the cardiovascular, endocrine,digestive, urinary and reproductive systems. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week. $50lab fee. Offered spring on demand.311 Genetics (4)Principles of heredity as applied to both plantsand animals. Prerequisites: CHEM 120 and BIO 131and 132. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hourseach week. Offered each semester.316 General Ecology (4) WA study of the interrelationships betweenorganisms and their environment. Topics will rangefrom the individual level to the global scale, includingboth basic and applied ecological topics.Prerequisites: BIO 131, successful completion ofENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, andsophomore status or higher. Identical to EES 316.320 Ornithology (4)A study of birds emphasizing diversity, behavioralecology, and life history. Regular field observationsare required and may occur under a variety of weatherconditions. Prerequisite: BIO 131. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours each week. Offered ondemand.354 Marine Invertebrate Evolution (4)An introduction to the study of evolutionaryprocesses, with particular attention paid to marineinvertebrates, especially marine bivalves, because oftheir rich evolutionary history and well-documentedfossil record. Evolution is examined at a variety ofscales from molecular to ecological. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours each week. Prerequisite:BIO 131 or 132. $50 lab fee. Offered fall of evennumberedyears on demand.355 Marine Biology (4)A study of organismal adaptation and communityorganization in marine and estuarine habitats. Avariety of marine habitats are examined, with thelaboratory focusing primarily on local species andhabitat types. Prerequisite: two semesters of generalbiology or BIO 131 and sophomore status or higher.Offered each fall.371 Histology (4)A detailed study of the cells, tissues, and organsthat comprise the mammalian body. Intended forstudents seeking careers in biology, medicine, orveterinary sciences. Prerequisite: a grade of C orhigher in BIO 131 and 132 or consent. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours each week. Offered ondemand.372 Comparative Anatomy (4)A study of the evolution, morphology, andphysiology of vertebrates. An intensive laboratorydirectedexamination of the major organ systems ofvertebrates as exemplified by the lamprey, dogfish,salamander, and cat. Intended for students seekingcareers in biology, medicine, or veterinary sciences.Prerequisites: BIO 131 and 132 with a grade of C orhigher or consent. Lecture three hours, laboratorythree hours each week. Offered on demand.373 Invertebrate Zoology (4)A survey of the invertebrate phyla, emphasizingthe classification, evolution, ecology, morphology,and life histories of these organisms. Includeslaboratory examinations of representative groups andfield sampling of local invertebrate fauna.Prerequisite: BIO 131. Lecture three hours,laboratory three hours each week. Offered ondemand.377 Entomology and Arachnology (4)A comprehensive survey of the insects andarachnids of medical, economic, and ecologicalsignificance. Includes laboratory examinations ofliving and preserved specimens and field collectionsof select taxa. Prerequisite: BIO 131. Offered ondemand.380 Comparative Animal Physiology (4)A study of the basic mechanisms by which animalsfunction. Emphasizes how both invertebrate andvertebrate organisms change these basic mechanismsto adapt to environmental conditions. Prerequisites: agrade of C or higher in BIO 131 or consent. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Offered on demand.384 Developmental Biology (4)Explores the processes by which organisms growand develop. Emphasizes principles and concepts thatgovern development in model organisms such as seaurchins, flatworms, fruit flies, zebra fish, andchickens. Regeneration of appendages, stem cells,cancer, and plants are discussed. Prerequisite: BIO311 or consent. Offered on demand.385 Animal Behavior (4)A study of the mechanisms and evolution ofanimal behavior. Topics include genetics anddevelopment of behavior, neural and physiologicalmechanisms of behavior, communication, socialbehavior, habitat selection, reproductive behavior,and parental investment. Laboratory exercises providehands-on experiences for many of these concepts.Prerequisites: BIO 131 and 132 or consent. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Offered on demand.400 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (2)Introduces the broad research applications ofSEM. Topics include sample preparation, criticalpoint drying, sputter coating, imaging, and x-raymicroanalysis. Includes weekly hands-on trainingwith the SEM and completion of an independentresearch project. Identical to EES 400. Prerequisites:junior/senior status and consent. Offered in selectspring semesters.410 Evolution (4)A study of the theories of plant and animalevolution and their leading proponents. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Offered on demand.

72 BIOLOGYBUSINESS73420 Cell and Molecular Biology (4)A study of the structure and function ofprokaryotes and eukaryotes at the cellular andmolecular level. Emphasizes the molecular nature ofcellular structure, metabolism, and physiology.Prerequisite: BIO 311 (grade of C or higher). Offeredspring of even-numbered years.435 Tropical Ecology (4) IAn intensive field experience in neotropicalecosystems (coral reefs, rainforests, caves, mangroveswamps, etc.) that links ecological phenomena withsocial and historical factors to examine theconservation of biodiversity. Field activities requiremoderately strenuous exercise and considerablehiking. Destinations may include Trinidad, Belize,Costa Rica, or other tropical sites. Course fee.Identical to EES 435. Offered Winter Session ofeven-numbered years.460 Zymurgy: The Scienceof Fermentation (4)IIntroduces the science and art of fermentation andconsiders the use of alcohol by human societies.Prerequisite: senior status or consent. Offered inselected Winter Sessions and spring semesters.470 Internship in the Natural Sciences(2 or 4)An intensive study of a specific field of sciencethrough an on-site field experience with hands-onlearning opportunities that are relevant to the chosensite. Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. A minimum of 80 hours devoted to theinternship is expected for 2 semester hours, and aminimum of 160 hours is expected for 4 semesterhours, but some placements may require more time.Students must coordinate their internship placementwith the supervising faculty member at least twomonths prior to placement. Pass/fail grading.Prerequisites: junior/senior status and consent.Offered each semester.475 Natural and Social Historyof the Chesapeake Bay (4)IProvides a comprehensive view of one of thelargest and most diverse estuaries in the world.Students examine the relationships between thenatural history and the human history, includingsocial and political aspects, use of the bay by varioussocieties and their impact on and preservation of thebay. Saturday field trips required. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Offered on demand.482 Microbiology (4)Teaches basic microbiological concepts and therole of microorganisms in various applied areas.Topics include microbial physiology, cell structure,microbial genetics, pathogenic microorganisms anddisease, and environmental and applied microbiology.Students practice aseptic technique, isolation andidentification of bacteria, staining, and determinationof microbial numbers. Prerequisite: BIO 311 (gradeof C or higher). Offered each fall.489 Research in the Natural Sciences (2 or 4)Offers students the opportunity to conductoriginal scientific research in an area of interest.Students work closely with one or more members ofthe natural science faculty to develop and conduct aresearch project, then present their findings orallyduring the semester’s undergraduate researchsymposium and as a formal research paper. Studentsare encouraged to present their findings at aconference. Prerequisite: junior/senior status and amajor in the natural sciences, prior approval by theproject advisor, and consent of the instructor.Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. May be repeated for a maximum total of 8semester hours. Identical to CHEM 489, CS 489,and EES 489. Offered each semester and mostWinter Sessions (2 semester hours only).BUSINESSDR. KEVIN M. ADAMS (adjunct)DR. ROBERT B. ALBERTSON, Division ChairpersonMS. ELAINE E. DESSOUKIDR. PAUL L. EWELL, Program CoordinatorDR. LINDA A. FERGUSONMR. DAVID G. GARRATYDR. CHEUL W. KANGMS. DENISE K. MAKOWSKI (adjunct)DR. EHSAN S. SALEKMR. EDWARD L. SHELTON (adjunct)MR. FREDRICK B. WEISSThrough a firm commitment to the liberal arts,global perspectives, and ethical decision-making, theManagement, Business, and Economics Departmentdevelops leaders committed to creating sustainablesocial, environmental, and economic value througheffective and responsible business practices. Thebusiness major combines a practical businesseducation with a commitment to the Principles ofResponsible Management Education (PRME) asdeveloped by the United Nations in support of itsGlobal Compact, a framework of universally acceptedprinciples in the areas of human rights, labor, theenvironment, and anti-corruption. The MBEDepartment is firmly committed to theinterdisciplinary nature of successful managementeducation; thus the business major integrates its corecurriculum with allied coursework in a variety ofdisciplines while providing opportunities for careerbasedspecialization through coursework andinternships. It prepares graduates with the skills,knowledge, and attitudes necessary to managesociety’s rapidly changing institutions both efficientlyand humanely. Moreover, the interdisciplinary natureof the program provides solid preparation for a widevariety of graduate degree programs.Major Requirements: BusinessCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEMBE 201Introductory MacroeconomicsMBE 202Introductory MicroeconomicsMBE 203Accounting IMBE 204Accounting IIISP 101Fundamentals of Information SystemsMBE 301Principles of ManagementMBE 316Marketing PrinciplesMBE 322Financial ManagementMBE 400Seminar in Managerial EthicsSEM.HRS.Total hours required for core courses 36ADDITIONAL REQUIRED COURSES(See advisor):Statistics:One of the following:MATH 210Introductory Statistics 4MATH 310Statistical ModelsEnvironment:One of the following:BIO 150, 435; EES 132, 133, 200,210, 250, 320, 435; ENG 306, 410;ENVS 106, 304, 306, 326, 410; 4HIST 250; MBE 106; PHIL 304;POLS 326444444444ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDEDCOURSES (See advisor):Introductory SociologyIntroductory PsychologyOral CommunicationOrganizationsTotal hours required for allied courses 8Senior Synthesis A: Course ConcentrationMBE 300/400 elective 4300/400 level elective 4MBE 406, 407 or 4084Senior SeminarSenior Synthesis A: total hours required 12ORSenior Synthesis B: InternshipMBE 4144Internship Exploration & DesignMBE 41612Management InternshipMBE 4174Internship SeminarSenior Synthesis B: total hours required 20Minor Requirements: BusinessCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEMBE 101Introduction to BusinessMBE 201Introductory MacroeconomicsMBE 203Accounting IMBE 301Principles of ManagementORMBE 316Marketing PrinciplesOne additional MBE300/400 level courseORINST 315Managing Diversity in OrganizationsTOTAL 56-64SEM.HRS.44444TOTAL 20

74 BUSINESSBUSINESS75BUSINESS COURSES (MBE)100 Introduction to Economics (4)Provides students with a solid foundation ineconomic literacy and reasoning. Topics includescarcity, incentives, and choice; resource allocation;exchange, competition, and markets; economicefficiency; investment, production, and income;money, interest rates, and GDP; business cycles andgovernmental policies. Emphasizes active learningand current economic issues and problems. Offeredeach semester.101 Introduction to Business (4)A general survey course designed for students whodesire information about commercial activities tobuild a foundation for more advanced courses, todecide on a major, or to complement a major. Offeredeach semester.106 Economics and the Environment (4) SIntroduces students to the workings of a marketeconomy in order to examine the economic forcesthat lead to environmental problems. Examines theharnessing of economic forces to both prevent andsolve environmental problems in the context ofcurrent regulatory approaches to dealing withenvironmental issues. Includes field trips todemonstrate real-world application of courseconcepts. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.112 Problem Solving andDecision Making (2)Designed to provide the basic skills ofmanagement and to improve thinking skills regardlessof a student’s major. Examines various methods ofproblem solving and decision making, progressingfrom simple decisions under certainty to complexdecisions under uncertainty. Both quantitative andcreative methods are used. No prerequisites, butstudents should have elementary algebra skills andEnglish skills beyond the 105 level. Offered eachsemester.201 Introductory Macroeconomics (4)A study of contemporary economic systems andthe analysis necessary to achieve the “economic way ofthinking.” Prerequisites: elementary algebra skills(MATH 105 or placement level H, A, B) andsophomore status or above. Offered each fall.202 Introductory Microeconomics (4)The second semester of this two-part courseenables students to understand and apply the tools ofmicro-economic analysis to contemporary profit ornon-profit organizations. Prerequisite: MBE 201.Offered each spring.203 Accounting I (4)A study of the basic principles and systems ofaccounts that underlie financial reporting. Heavyemphasis is placed on actual bookkeeping to relateconcepts. Requires math competency in basicaddition, subtraction, multiplication, division,percentages, and ratios. Offered each fall.204 Accounting II (4)The second semester of this two-part coursecovers the collection of accounting data to preparefinancial reports for management use in planning andcontrolling. Prerequisite: MBE 203. Offered eachspring.216 Taxation (4)A study of the tax environment and the codes,regulations, and court decisions as they relate toincome tax problems of individuals, including taxpreparation and tax research. Prerequisite: sophomorestatus or above. Offered each fall.246 Personal Financial Planning (4)Introduces the principles of individual financialplanning. Topics include goal setting and decisionmaking, career planning, saving and investing, credit,and insurance. Prerequisites: MATH 104/105 orequivalent and sophomore/junior/senior status.Offered in selected Winter Sessions.301 Principles of Management (4) WA study of the art and science of management inrelation to the functions of planning, organizing,directing, and controlling. Students learn throughboth in-class and out-of-class group experiences, withsubstantial writing about such experiences.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,MBE 201 and 203, and junior status. Offered eachsemester.303 Financial Accounting Theory I (4)A study of the theory and application of generallyaccepted accounting principles. Emphasizes financialstatement presentation, current assets and liabilities,intangible assets, and operational assets. Prerequisites:MBE 203 and 204. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.304 Financial Accounting Theory II (4)A continuation of MBE 303. Emphasizescorporate equity accounts, long-term investments andliabilities, cash flows, pension costs, current valueaccounting, and foreign currency transactions.Prerequisites: MBE 203, 204, and 303. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.305 International Accounting Theory (4)A study of accounting for firms engaged ininternational commerce: translation of foreigncurrency financial statements, and for branches,subsidiaries, mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures ofmultinational corporations. Prerequisites: MBE 203and 204. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.306 Business Law (4)A study of contract law and the UniformCommercial Code. Prerequisites: MBE 101 or 201and junior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.308 Comparative Economic Systems (4)An in-depth, integrated study of the developmentand functioning of the American economic systemcompared with those of other countries. Prerequisite:MBE 100 or 201. Offered intermittently.310 Money, Banking, andFinancial Institutions (4)The basics of monetary policy in terms of publicpolicy. Includes the study of the Federal ReserveSystem, commercial bank lending, investments,money, and capital markets. Prerequisites: MBE 201and 202. Offered each fall.315 Managing Diversity in Organizations (4)Promotes an awareness of cultural differences andpositive attitudes toward these differences. Includestopics related to effective management of people whovary in race, gender, age, disability status, nationality,or sexual orientation. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.316 Marketing Principles (4)Builds upon the analytical and communicationskills gained in lower-level courses. Students gain anunderstanding of products and services, channels ofdistribution, pricing strategies, and elements ofpromotion. Prerequisites: MBE 201 and 203 andjunior status. Offered each semester.322 Financial Management (4)Students learn how to determine in what assets afirm should invest and what sources of funding areappropriate. Topics include mathematical analysis ofoperating and financial leverage, the cost of capital,management of working capital, and sources ofmoney and capital. Prerequisites: MBE 201, 202,203, and 204, and MATH 210 (formerly MATH106). Offered each semester.324 Human Resource Management (4) WA study of the human resource process includingsuch issues as recruiting, selection, training,performance appraisal, and compensation. Learningactivities include experiential and group exercises,discussions, readings on HRM framework andapplication to cases, analytical issue papers, and oralreports. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and MBE 301, or consent. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.330 History of Economic Thought (4) H,WAn introductory course in the development ofeconomic thought from Adam Smith to the present.Emphasizes on the correlation between successivestages of growth in economic theory. Writers coveredSmith, Ricardo, Malthus, Marx, Marshall, Keynes,Galbraith, and Friedman. Prerequisites: MBE 201and 202. Offered intermittently.331 Managerial Economics (4)Emphasizes business applications of microeconomictools and concepts. Includes analysis ofdemand, cost, production functions, and alternativepricing theories. Prerequisites: MBE 201, 202, andMATH 210 or 226. Offered intermittently.332 Economic Development (4) S,WIntroduces the student to the major problems andissues in economic development and the economiesof less developed countries with respect to achievingsocial and economic goals. Prerequisites: MBE 100 or201. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.333 International Business (4) S,WFocuses on the increasing degree of internationaltrade and multinational corporations. Analyzesinternational exchange, marketing, and personnelpolicies. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered each fall.334 Economic Modelingand Forecasting (4)Develops and refines the ability to produce,interpret, and evaluate empirical researchencountered in graduate study and professionalpursuits. After a review of basic statistics, thecourse focuses on the bivariate regression model.Multiple regression, forecasting, and various topicsin the verification of statistical models are alsoinvestigated. Prerequisites: MBE 100 or 201 andMATH 210 or 310.

76 BUSINESSCENTER FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM77335 Accounting Information Systems (4)Students develop a conceptual framework for thedevelopment, implementation, and evaluation of anaccounting information system. Primary topicsinclude system understanding and documentation,risk analysis, and typical accounting transactioncycles. The lab experience provides application ofsystem concepts to popular software applications.Prerequisite: MBE 203. Offered in selected WinterSessions.340 Forensic Accounting (4)The application of accounting methods to assist insolving economic-based crimes. The course includesdiscussion of criminal statutes relating to financialcrimes, fraud investigation and prevention,techniques used in solving financial crimes, andcurrent issues in financial investigation. Prerequisite:MBE 203. Identical to CJ 340. Offered spring ofeven-numbered years.343 Government andNot-For-Profit Accounting (4)A study of appropriate accounting for suchentities as governments, colleges, churches, hospitals,charities, and clubs. Prerequisite: MBE 203. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.345 Managerial Cost Accounting (4)A study of cost accounting, budget analysis, andother advanced concepts used by manufacturers andother large businesses or non-profit organizations.Prerequisites: MBE 203 and 204. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.348 Marketing Management: IntegratedMarketing Communications (4)An advanced marketing course in which studentsapply principles learned in earlier marketing andcommunication courses through the development ofa marketing plan. Prerequisite: MBE 316 or consent.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.350 Supply Chain Managementand Logistics (4)Provides an understanding of supply chainmanagement and logistics processes as they apply toboth service and manufacturing organizations.Special consideration is given to identifying ways inwhich the strategic use of supply chain managementcan create competitive advantages for firms.Prerequisite: MBE 301 or 316. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions.355 Auditing (4) WA study of the theory and procedure of publicauditing and internal auditing from the standpoint ofprofessional ethics, auditors, legal responsibilities,detection and control of fraud, client relationships,standards of reporting, and management advisoryservices. Prerequisites: MBE 203, 204. Offered fall ofeven-numbered years.373 Conflict Management (4) S,WExamines conflict processes within and betweenorganizations and alternative approaches to conflictmanagement, drawing on the contributions of severaldisciplines and experience in organization,community, and labor dispute management.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to POLS 373. Offered each fall.389 Field Experience in Management (4)Students participate in a non-paid or paidinternship for at least 100 hours of field workundertaken after they complete a formal work andlearning contract. All internships are reviewed by thedepartment. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisites: juniorstatus; a 2.5 GPA; MBE 301, 316, or 322 preferablytaken concurrently. Offered each spring.400 Seminar in Managerial Ethics (4) WA course in which students construct forthemselves a conceptual framework for examiningand making decisions about ethical practices inmanaging organizations. Learning activities includeself-evaluation exercises, class discussions, readings onethical frameworks and applying them to cases,analytical issue papers, and oral reports. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, MBE 301,316, 322, and senior status, or consent. Offered eachsemester.406 Senior Seminar:Management Strategy (4)I,WA case-oriented course that explains how and whya well-conceived, well-executed strategy nearly alwaysenhances a company’s long-term performance.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,senior status, MBE 301, 316, 322, 400, and all othergeneral studies requirements completed at leastconcurrently. Offered each semester.407 Senior Seminar:Small Business Planning (4) I,WBy preparing a comprehensive business plan,students sharpen their understanding ofmanagement, integrate strategic thinking withoperational constraints, and explore the role of smallbusiness in the American economy. They synthesizeknowledge and skills gained in previous courses.Prerequisites: senior status, MBE 301, 316, 322, 400and all other general studies requirements completedat least concurrently. Offered intermittently.414 Internship Exploration and Design (4)Students find, design, and maximize theindependent learning experience to be undertaken inthe spring internship courses, MBE 416 and 417. Amajor outcome is the negotiation of a learning planagreement with a sponsoring organization.Prerequisites: a major in business with a 3.0 or higherGPA, all required major and general studiesrequirements completed at least concurrently, andadmission to the internship program. Offered eachfall.416 Management Internship (12)Students implement the work-and-learningagreements devised in MBE 414 for full-timeplacement (14 weeks or a minimum of 560 totalhours) as a professional in a sponsoring organization.They gain practical experience in applying previouslyacquired knowledge and managerial skills. Studentsself-evaluate and are evaluated by their organizationalsupervisor. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: MBE 414;must co-register for MBE 417. Offered each spring.417 Internship Seminar (4) IIntegrates management theory, especially ethicalanalysis and action, with general studies knowledgewhile enhancing business skills during a full-timeinternship. Weekly written and oral reports, twomajor reflection papers, and a strategic managementsimulation enhance learning. Prerequisite: MBE 414;must co-register for MBE 416. Offered each spring.490 Independent Study in Management (1-3)Students undertake an experience-based projectand/or do specific reading, research, and reportwriting on a topic in management not coveredthrough the regular curriculum. Requires theapproval of a supervising professor within thedepartment. Applications must be made no later thanthe end of the preceding semester. Credit: 1-3semester hours per semester; may be repeated for amaximum of 6 semester hours. Offered on demand,but preferably during the summer.INFORMATION SYSTEMSCOURSES (ISP)101 Fundamentals of Information Systems (4)Introduces students to the fundamental principlesand practices of utilizing information systems to helporganizations achieve their goals and carry out theirmissions. While the course serves as the introductorycourse in the Information Systems Programcurriculum, it is a suitable elective for any studentinterested in the subject. Students should have aworking knowledge of Internet use and computerapplications such as word processing, spreadsheets,presentation graphics, and e-mail. Offered eachsemester.105 Information Systems andComputer Applications (4)Students explore current topics in the field ofcomputer science/information systems beyond theintroductory level covered in CS 100, includingcomputer networks, Internet use, and ethical andlegal issues related to the use of informationtechnology. Students learn to use the more advancedfeatures of software applications such as wordprocessing, spreadsheet, database, and presentationprograms. Offered intermittently.CENTER FOR THE STUDYOF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM(Also see page 22)DR. PAUL B. RASOR, DirectorThe study of religious freedom is inherentlyinterdisciplinary. It is concerned with the critical FirstAmendment issues of free exercise of religion andchurch-state separation, as well as the larger political,social and religious contexts within which these issuesarise. This means that it draws on a wide range ofdisciplines, including history, law, philosophy,political science, sociology, and religious studies. Thestudy of religious freedom at Virginia WesleyanCollege may be engaged through the manyeducational programs offered by the Center for theStudy of Religious Freedom as well as through CSRFcourses.CSRF COURSES (CSRF)232 Religion and American Politics (4) VInvestigates the relationship between religion andpolitics in the United States, especially the role oftraditional religious identities and issues, whileacknowledging non-traditional religious movements,ideas, and issues. Emphasizes upcoming elections.Students are expected to be informed on the currentdebates in the various national elections which formbasis of class discussions and student presentations.Identical to RELST 232. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.

78 CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOMCHEMISTRY79233 Religious Battles in Court (4) VIntroduces students to the relationship betweenreligion and American law. Students explore theorigins, history, and current legal foundations guidingdisputes over religious freedom, providing thebackdrop for discussions of current issues such asabortion, gay marriage, and euthanasia. Identical toRELST 233. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.CHEMISTRYDR. JOYCE B. EASTER, Program CoordinatorDR. MAURY E. HOWARDDR. KEVIN KITTREDGEDR. DEBORAH E. OTISChemistry, a vital component of the liberal artscurriculum, is an integral part of modern life from thesubstances we use like food, fuels, plastics, andpharmaceuticals to the processes used in importantindustries such as power plants, medical diagnostics,and manufacturing. Chemists use the scientificmethod in their pursuit to understand the physicaland chemical properties of matter. The ChemistryDepartment provides a learning environment forstudents to engage in the study of empiricalprinciples; to develop analytical and problem-solvingskills; to acquire the laboratory skills necessary todesign, perform, and evaluate experiments; and tobecome skilled at organization, evaluation, andpresentation of the concepts of chemistry. Studentsare encouraged to approach the chemical sciencesfrom quantitative, descriptive and historicalperspectives, to experience them within the context ofthe physical and life sciences, and to makeconnections to the world around them.Chemistry majors gain knowledge of chemicalanalysis, synthesis, and theory while acquiringcompetence in laboratory techniques, the use ofchemical instrumentation, computer skills, writtenand oral communication, and effective use of theprofessional literature.Major Requirements: Chemistry (B.S.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLECHEM 120Introductory ChemistryCHEM 200Inorganic ChemistryCHEM 210Analytical ChemistryCHEM 221Organic Chemistry ICHEM 222Organic Chemistry IISEM.HRS.44444CHEM 3304BiochemistryCHEM 3474Physical Chemistry ICHEM 3484Physical Chemistry IICHEM 4804Instrumental MethodsThree of the following:CHEM 270Environmental ChemistryCHEM 345Forensic Science MethodsCHEM 438Advanced Biochemistry 12CHEM 450Global Environmental CyclesCHEM 455Advanced Chemistry TopicsCHEM 489Research in the Natural SciencesADDITIONAL REQUIRED COURSES:BIO 132Principles of Biology II: 4Cell Biology & GeneticsMATH 1724Calculus IIPHYS 2214University Physics IPHYS 2224University Physics IIMinor Requirements: ChemistryCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLECHEM 120Introductory ChemistryTOTAL 64SEM.HRS.Additional coursework in Chemistry 164TOTAL 20CHEMISTRY COURSES (CHEM)120 Introductory Chemistry (4) LAn introduction to chemical principles, includingatomic and molecular structure, states of matter,chemical reactions, stoichiometry, thermodynamics,and chemical equilibria. Most of the work isquantitative in nature. Emphasizes development ofproblem solving skills. Lecture four hours, laboratorythree hours each week. Prerequisites: high schoolchemistry, CHEM 105 or equivalent or PHSC 100or equivalent and math placement H, A or B, orMATH 104 or 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered each fall.200 Inorganic Chemistry (4)An integrated lecture and laboratory experienceintroducing the concepts of inorganic chemistry inlight of modern theory. Topics include chemicalperiodicity, bonding, kinetics, descriptive chemistry,coordination chemistry, oxidation-reduction,electrochemistry, and solid-state structure, as well astechniques for synthesis and characterization ofinorganic compounds. Lecture three hours,laboratory three hours each week. Prerequisite:CHEM 117 with consent or CHEM 120. Offeredeach spring.210 Analytical Chemistry (4)Applies analytical techniques to inorganic,organic, and biochemical systems. The experimentalmethods include volumetric and gravimetric analysis,chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques.Prerequisite: CHEM 118 or 120. Lecture three hours,laboratory three hours each week. Offered fall ofeven-numbered years.221 Organic Chemistry I (4)A comprehensive survey of the chemistry ofcarbon compounds, including their structure,properties, reactions, reaction mechanisms,spectroscopy, and stereochemistry, with a focus onhydrocarbons, haloalkanes, and alcohols. Introducesmodern organic laboratory techniques, includingpurification methods, organic synthesis, and productanalysis. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hourseach week. Prerequisite: CHEM 118 or 120. Offeredeach fall.222 Organic Chemistry II (4)A comprehensive survey of the chemistry ofcarbon compounds, including their structure,properties, reactions, reaction mechanisms,spectroscopy, and stereochemistry, with a focus onaromatic, amine, and carbonyl compounds.Development of organic laboratory skills, includingmicroscale techniques, organic synthesis, productanalysis, and spectroscopy. Lecture three hours,laboratory three hours each week. Prerequisite:CHEM 221 or 311. Offered each spring.270 Environmental Chemistry (4)An exploration of the earth system and humanperturbations to that system from a chemicalperspective. Topics covered include ozone depletion,persistent organic pollutants, wastewater treatment,and toxicity of environmental contaminants.Laboratory exercises give students experience inenvironmental sampling and analysis. Prerequisites:CHEM 120. Lecture three hours, laboratory threehours each week. Identical to EES 270. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.305 Teaching Experience (1)Qualified students assist chemistry faculty inteaching chemistry courses and laboratories. Maybe repeated for credit, but students may apply nomore than 4 semester hours toward graduation.Prerequisite: consent. Offered each semester.330 Biochemistry (4) WA survey of the chemistry within biologicalsystems, including the structure and function ofbiomolecules, molecular components of cells,enzymes, and cellular metabolism. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours each week.Prerequisites: successful completion of ENG 105with a grade of C or higher and CHEM 222 or 312.Offered fall of even-numbered years.345 Forensic Science Methods (4)A comprehensive evaluation of currentdevelopments in research, instrumentation, andlaboratory technology used to detect, identify,analyze, and compare evidence generated by criminalactivity. Prerequisite: CHEM 118 or 120. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Offered spring of even-numbered years.347 Physical Chemistry I (4)A comprehensive survey of the physical-chemicalbehavior of matter, including thermodynamics,equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Introduceselectrochemistry, modern laboratory techniques,including instrumental-based studies of equilibrium,electrochemical properties, and mixture analyses.Prerequisites: CHEM 210, MATH 172, and PHYS222. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours eachweek. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.348 Physical Chemistry II (4)A mathematical treatment of physical-chemicalproperties and chemical reactions, with emphasis onquantum mechanics, spectroscopy, and kinetics.Prerequisite: CHEM 347. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.438 Advanced Biochemistry (4)A comprehensive study of complex biochemicalprocesses, with an emphasis on cellular metabolismand its regulation, cellular signaling, and cellularinformation transfer. Prerequisite: CHEM 330.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.

80 CHEMISTRYCLASSICS81450 Global Environmental Cycles (4)Explores the connections among the atmosphere,hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere throughexploration of global cycling of nutrients andpollutants. Students investigate these biogeochemicalcycles through analysis of primary research articles,field measurements, chemical analysis, and a selfdesignedresearch project. Prerequisites: junior/seniorstatus and a major in the natural sciences. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Identical to EES 450. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.455 Advanced Chemistry Topics (4)A focused, in-depth study of a selected topic inchemistry. Taught as a seminar, with an emphasis oninterpreting data and critical analysis of primaryliterature, and may involve laboratory work. May berepeated for credit as topics change. Prerequisite:consent. Offered fall of even-numbered years.470 Internship in the Natural Sciences(2 or 4)An intensive study of a specific field of sciencethrough an on-site field experience with hands-onlearning opportunities that are relevant to the chosensite. Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. A minimum of 80 hours devoted to theinternship is expected for 2 semester hours, and aminimum of 160 hours is expected for 4 semesterhours, but some placements may require more time.Students must coordinate their internship placementwith the supervising faculty member at least twomonths prior to placement. Pass/fail grading.Prerequisites: junior/senior status and consent.Offered each semester and most Winter Sessions(2 semester hours only).480 Instrumental Methods of Analysis (4)A study of the instrumental methods used incharacterizing chemical systems. Topics includeoptical methods, electroanalytical methods, atomicand molecular spectroscopy, and chromatographymethods. Examines analytical techniques from aninstrumental and chemical point of view.Prerequisites: CHEM 210 and 8 additional semesterhours in chemistry. Three lecture hours, threelaboratory hours each week. Offered each spring.489 Research in the Natural Sciences (2 or 4)Offers students the opportunity to conductoriginal scientific research in an area of interest.Students work closely with one or more members ofthe natural science faculty to develop and conduct aresearch project, then present their findings orallyduring the semester’s undergraduate researchsymposium and as a formal research paper. Studentsare encouraged to present their findings at aconference. Prerequisite: junior/senior status and amajor in the natural sciences, prior approval by theproject advisor, and consent of the instructor.Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. May be repeated for a maximum total of 8semester hours. Identical to BIO 489, CS 489, EES489, and MATH 489. Offered each semester andmost Winter Sessions (2 semester hours only).CLASSICSDR. BENJAMIN S. HALLER, Program CoordinatorThe Classics Department offers students theopportunity to explore the Greek and Roman roots ofEuropean and American cultural heritage. By takingcourses in classical civilization, students understandthe richness and diversity of Greek and Romancultures, while using the ancient world to gain widerperspectives on many elements of modern life thatextend all the way back into our common past.Through courses in Latin and Greek languages,students attain a more direct experience of the lives ofthe ancients in their own living words, while gainingvaluable understanding of the roots and usage ofEnglish and other modern languages.Two major programs are available to studentsinterested in classics. The interdisciplinary major inclassical studies offers a general liberal arts experiencewith only a small amount of required coursework inancient language. Students seeking a more focusedprogram based in language study may elect the majorin Latin. Students may not major both in classicalstudies and in Latin, but they may combine the majorin Latin with the minor in classical studies. Studentsplanning to attend graduate school in classics orarchaeology, or to teach high school Latin, shouldmajor in Latin; it is also a useful second major formedical or law school. The classical studies major, inconjunction with an appropriate second major, isappropriate for students interested in graduate studyor teaching in fields such as history, art history, or art,or in careers in museum studies, business, orgovernment.Major Requirements: Classical StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.LanguageLATN 213Intermediate Latin OR 4GREK 213Intermediate Ancient GreekSee continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageCivilization, Culture, TraditionThree of the following:CLAS 105Classical MythologyCLAS 120Introduction to Classical ArchaeologyCLAS 209Greek HistoryCLAS 21012Roman HistoryCLAS 263World Literature IARTH 231Ancient & Medieval Art HistoryRELST 217The Old Testament WorldRELST 218The New Testament WorldSynthesis and Specialization‡Four of the following:CLAS 330Classical Epic & the Epic TraditionCLAS 350Women in the Ancient WorldCLAS 370The Ancient World in CinemaCLAS 356VWC in GreeceCLAS 360 16Classical VirginiaLATN 305*Topics in Latin ProseLATN 306*Topics in Latin PoetryRELST 303Saints & Heretics: Christian History IPHIL 332Ancient Greek PhilosophyCLAS 4504Senior Seminar in ClassicsTOTAL 36* If taken only once, LATN 305 or 306 may counteither toward the language component or thecivilization component, but not both. When astudent’s previous language experience and careergoals make it appropriate, the language requirementfor the major in classical studies may be waived bythe program coordinator, or the LATN 111-112 orGREK 121-122 sequence counted as sufficient. Inthese circumstances the additional 4 hours neededto reach the minimum of 36 hours required for themajor must be taken from other courses under theCLAS, LATN, or GREK rubrics, or fromappropriate courses in related disciplines approvedby the Classics Program Coordinator. Whenoffered, intermediate-level biblical Hebrew may alsobe used to fulfill the language requirement.‡Other appropriate 300/400-level courses in relateddisciplines such as art history may also be countedtoward these 16 hours, subject to the approval of theClassics Program Coordinator.Major Requirements: LatinCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.Civilization, Culture, TraditionCLAS 209Greek History OR 4CLAS 210Roman HistoryTwo of the following:CLAS 105Introduction to Classical MythologyCLAS 120Classical ArchaeologyCLAS 263 8World Literature ILATN 213Intermediate LatinGREK 213Intermediate GreekLanguage, Translation, Rhetoric,Textual Analysis, and Etymology(both repeated with a different topic)LATN 305 12Topics in Latin ProseLATN 306Topics in Latin PoetrySynthesis and Specialization‡One of the following:CLAS 330, 350, 356, 360, 370,4RELST 303, PHIL 332, LATN 471CLAS 450Senior Seminar in Classics4TOTAL 32‡Other appropriate 300/400-level courses in relatedareas such as art history may also be counted towardthese four credits, subject to the approval of theClassics Program Coordinator.Students interested in graduate school are stronglyencouraged to undertake more iterations of thesecourses. Those considering graduate school in classics,archaeology, or a related discipline should take GREK121, 122, and some Greek at the 300 level.

82 CLASSICSCLASSICS83Minor Requirements: Classical Studies(Latin or Greek)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLEThree courses designated CLAS,LATN, or GREKTwo other courses designated CLAS,LATN, or GREK or other coursesabout the ancient world, as approvedby the program coordinator.SEM.HRS.128TOTAL 20**At least 12 of the 20 semester hours must be at the300-400 level.Minor Requirements: LatinCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.Three courses in Latin (at least two at12300/400 level)Two courses from either Latin or Greekor courses in art history, religious studies,philosophy as approved by the department 8coordinator. (One course must be atthe 300/400 level.)TOTAL 20CLASSICS COURSES (CLAS)105 Classical Mythology (4) VExplores methods of interpreting myths in theiroriginal contexts and affirms the continued relevanceof mythology in modern society. Readings includeHomer, Hesiod, Sappho, Aeschylus, Sophocles,Euripides, Plato, Aristotle, Virgil, and Ovid. Offeredeach fall.120 Introduction to Classical Archaeology (4)Introduces students to the methods common toboth Old and New World archaeology, followed byan introduction to and interpretation of the materialremains of the ancient Greek, Roman, andMediterranean worlds. Offered on demand.209 Greek History (4) HUses readings in primary sources to portray life inancient Greece for its own intrinsic interest and for itsrelevance to today’s world. Special attention is givento the first writers of history and to the developmentof Athenian democracy.210 Roman History (4) HUses wide-ranging sources from history, literature,and archaeology to explore Roman civilization fromits earliest beginnings, through the period ofRepublican expansion and transition into a vastempire, concluding with the Empire’s ultimatedecline and dissolution. Special attention is given toRoman historiography and to the political changesfrom Republic to Empire.263 World Literature I (4) TA chronological survey of major literary worksfrom Ancient Near Eastern Epic to the EuropeanMiddle Ages. Emphasizes the close reading of ancientliterature within its immediate cultural context andthe analysis of this literature in well-argued papers.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to ENG 263. Offered when circumstancespermit.264 World Literature II (4) TA survey of major works in world literature fromthe Renaissance to the present day emphasizing textsoutside the British and American traditions.Particular attention is given to texts that putthemselves in dialogue with Ancient Near Easternand Classical Greek and Roman literary traditions.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to ENG 264. Offered when circumstancespermit.330 Classical Epic and theEpic Tradition (4)WA study of epic works from the ancientMediterranean and other cultures. Potential topicsinclude Roman epic, Ancient epic, J.R.R. Tolkien andthe epic tradition, and the oral-traditional epic. Maybe repeated for credit if topics vary.350 Women in the Ancient World (4) WExamines gender roles and sexual identities inancient Greece and Rome through readings inprimary sources supplemented by current scholarship.Explores contrasts between representations of womenin Classical literature and the limitations theyhistorically faced and the changes that occurred inwomen’s status according to place and time.356 Classical Studies Abroad HTravel to a relevant area within the cultural orbitof ancient Greece and Rome for on-site study ofancient Greco-Roman history and literary andmaterial culture.360 Classical Virginia (4) HAn exploration of how classical narratives ofexploration, political thought, literature, and art andarchitecture helped to shape the culture of the state ofVirginia. Offered Winter Session when circumstancespermit.370 The Ancient World in the Cinema (4) AStudies how ancient Greece and Rome continueto interest and influence us through the modernmedium of cinema. Includes readings of selectedclassical texts and comparisons with modern screentreatments. Attention is given both to moderncinematic adaptations of ancient literary works and toepic “historical” spectacles. Examines directorialcreativity, audience expectation, historical accuracy,and modern myth-making.450 Senior Seminar in Classics (4) I,WOffers students the opportunity to do sustainedresearch on a chosen topic and to present the resultsin a substantial (20-30 page) piece of work. Uponcompletion of the project, students present their workin a public oral defense. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand senior status, with a major in Classical Studies orLatin. Offered annually as needed.GREEK COURSES (GREK)121 Beginning Ancient Greek I (4)An introduction to the grammar, syntax, andvocabulary of ancient Greek. Completion of the yearlongsequence prepares students to read connectedpassages in ancient texts such as the dialogues of Platoor the New Testament; emphasis on Attic Greek orKoine dialects varies according to the instructor andinterest of the class. Does not count toward theforeign language requirement. Offered on demand.122 Beginning Ancient Greek II (4)An introduction to the grammar, syntax, andvocabulary of ancient Greek. Completion of the yearlongsequence prepares students to read connectedpassages in ancient texts such as the dialogues of Platoor the New Testament; emphasis on Attic Greek orKoine dialects varies according to the instructor andinterest of the class. Does not count toward theforeign language requirement. Offered on demand.213 Intermediate Ancient Greek (4)Begins with a thorough review of basic Greekgrammar as covered in GREK 121-122. Studentsthen undertake extended readings in an ancientGreek text such as the New Testament or theDialogues of Plato. Emphasizes translation andreading skills rather than speaking/listening skills.Prerequisite: GREK 122 with a grade of C or higheror placement. Offered on demand.LATIN COURSES (LATN)111 Beginning Latin I (4)Introduces the elements of the language of theAncient Romans: vocabulary, syntax, and grammar.Students learn how to translate sentences and shortstories. Focuses on translation and reading skills.Offered each year.112 Beginning Latin II (4)Introduces the elements of the language of theAncient Romans: vocabulary, syntax, and grammar.Students learn how to translate sentences and shortstories. Focuses on translation and reading skills.Prerequisite: LATN 111. May be used towardfulfillment of the language requirement. Offered eachyear.213 Intermediate Latin (4)Introduces students to advanced grammar as theyread a real Latin text such as the poems of Catullus orthe speeches of Cicero. The primary goal is to gainfacility in reading Latin, but the course alsointroduces students to ancient Roman literaryaesthetics and culture. Focuses on translation andreading skills rather than speaking/listening skills.May be used toward fulfillment of the languagerequirement. Prerequisite: LATN 112 or equivalent.Offered each year.305 Topics in Latin Prose (4)Reading and translation from one or more Latinprose authors arranged by author (e.g., Apuleius) orby topic or genre (e.g., the Roman novel, Arthurianlegends, etc.). May be repeated for credit as the topicvaries. Prerequisite: LATN 213 or placement. Offeredon demand.306 Topics in Latin Poetry (4)Reading and translation from one or more Latinpoets, arranged by author (e.g., Virgil) or by topic orgenre (e.g., lyric, epic). May be repeated for credit asthe topic varies. Prerequisite: LATN 213 orplacement. LATN 305 is not a prerequisite. Offeredon demand.471 Practicum in the Teaching of Latin (4)A workshop that introduces advanced students ofLatin to current teaching methods in the language.Students serve as assistants in Elementary Latin whilemeeting regularly with the instructor to gain handsonexperience in the practical aspects of teachingLatin. Ordinarily taken in the semester prior toEDUC 445/446. Prerequisites: LATN 305 or 306and consent. Offered on demand.

84 COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION85COMMUNICATIONDR. KATHY MERLOCK JACKSON,Program CoordinatorDR. TERRENCE LINDVALLDR. STUART C. MINNISDR. LISA LYON PAYNEThe Communication Department offers coursesand opportunities for individual work in the areas offilm, journalism, and digital media. The departmentstresses the artistic and humanistic bases of itsdisciplines, as well as professional and career interests.The communications industry is one of the fastestgrowing industries in today’s world. Students whomajor in communication might expect to find careeropportunities in radio, television, film, newspapers,magazines, digital media, advertising, publicrelations, teaching, and related fields. Courses injournalism are designed to introduce students to thefield and offer opportunities to gain experience inreporting, writing, design, and editing. There is astrong emphasis on the ethical aspects of gatheringand reporting news. A wide variety of internshipopportunities are available to communication majors.Major Requirements: CommunicationCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLECOMM 101Introduction to Media StudiesJOUR 201Introduction to JournalismCOMM 221Understanding FilmCOMM 321Theories of Mass CommunicationCOMM 331Mass Communication Research MethodsCOMM 411Senior Seminar in Communication StudiesCOMM 481Internship in CommunicationFive of the following:COMM 250, 300, 312, 320, 325, 326,327, 333, 335, 336, 350; JOUR 210,328, 333, 397, 435SEM.HRS.444444420TOTAL 48Minor Requirements: CommunicationCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLECOMM 101Introduction to Media StudiesJOUR 201Introduction to JournalismOne course in communication orjournalism at any levelThree courses in communication orjournalism at the 300/400 levelSEM.HRS.44412TOTAL 24COMMUNICATION COURSES(COMM)101 Introduction to Media Studies (4) SIntroduces students to the role played by massmedia in culture. Media institutions and technologiesare examined in terms of their histories, economicand legal characteristics, and contemporary socialinfluence. Offered each semester.210 Audio Production Workshop (1)Introduces students to fundamental aspects of avariety of audio applications, including fieldrecording, studio recording, and multitrackproduction. Offered each spring.221 Understanding Film (4) AA survey of film as an artistic and culturalmedium. The course explores film historically andaesthetically, considering aspects of film technology,style, narrative, genre, and ideology. Emphasis isplaced on historically important films, filmmakers,and film movements, but contemporary trends arealso addressed. Offered each semester.222 Public Speaking (4)An individualized introduction to the theory andpractice of informative and persuasive speechcommunication. Extemporaneous speaking isexplored in depth while impromptu and groupcommunication are also examined. Thecommunication model is stressed, including sender,receiver, message (verbal and non-verbal) channel,noise, and feedback. Offered each semester.250 Digital Filmmaking I (4)Introduces students to the techniques andtraditions of fictional narrative filmmaking. Emphasisis placed on principles of visual storytelling andconventions of continuity and composition,videography, lighting, editing, and productionmanagement. Students also learn the fundamentals ofscreenwriting. Offered each semester.300 Media Law and Ethics (4)Examines the legal principles and regulatorystructures, primarily in the areas of First Amendmentlaw and copyright, governing print and electronicmedia. Additional discussion concerns ethicalstandards and potential ethical dilemmas faced byworking media professionals. Prerequisites: COMM101 and junior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.312 The Art of Animation (4)An in-depth look at the history of animation as adeveloping art form. The course also looks atanimation as a reflection of culture and as a business.Prerequisite: COMM 101 or consent. Offeredintermittently.320 Experimental Film and Video (4)Explores the history and theory of experimentalfilm and video through lecture, discussion, reading,and screenings and through creative action. Studentsproduce their own avant-garde videos as they learnthe form’s aesthetic heritage and contemporarydevelopments. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.321 Theories of Mass Communication (4)An overview of the major theories thatcharacterize the study of mass communication.Addresses both humanities and social sciencesapproaches and explores theory as a lens forconducting research. Students majoring incommunication will typically take COMM 321(Theories) in the fall and COMM 331 (MassCommunication Research Methods) in the spring oftheir junior or senior year. Prerequisites: COMM 101and junior/senior status. Offered each fall.325 Organizational Communication (4)Examines all forms of communication in anyprofit or non-profit organization. Combines theoryand practice to understand intended and unintendedmessages. Topics include culture, networking, impactof technology, medium and channel, and rhetoricalpurpose. Offered each spring.326 Persuasion and the Media (4)An examination of the methods and techniquesthat advertisers use to persuade audiences.Prerequisite: junior or senior status. Offered each fall.327 Children and the Media (4)A study of children as a media audience with aparticular focus on contemporary televisual media.Attention is given to both prosocial and antisocialeffects of the media. Prerequisite: COMM 101 orconsent. Offered each spring.328 Public Relations (4)An introduction to the public relations andadvertising profession with an emphasis on writing.Students examine the role of public relations andadvertising in a free society and the demands andconstraints, including ethical ones, placed uponthem. They write background or briefing papers,press releases, informational and persuasive copy, andfind promotable elements in products and services.Identical to JOUR 328. Offered each fall.331 Mass CommunicationResearch Methods (4)Introduces mass communication researchmethods and includes field, survey, and experimentalmethods as well as content analysis. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Offered each spring.333 Special Topics in Media Studies (4)An investigation of selected themes, genres,directors, periods, or topics in mass media andcultural studies. Sample topics include “AmericanSilent Film,” “The Movies of 1939,” “The Films ofthe Coen Brothers,” “Women and Film,” “TheDocumentary Tradition,” and “The Western.”Prerequisite: COMM 101 or consent. May berepeated if the topic is different.335 Christian Theology and Film (4) V,WExplores how the fields of theology and filmstudies cross-fertilize each other, with specialattention given to the ways in which film functions asreligious discourse. Students investigate the historicalevolution of film as a means of communicatingtheological doctrines or themes through its narrativepatterns and analyze how religious and secular filmscan be constructed as cultural texts that advise notonly how one should live, but what one shouldbelieve. Emphasizes the sermonic nature of film,various hermeneutics of film, and how audiencesreceive and appropriate both manifest and latentreligious meanings. Prerequisite: 3 semester hours incommunication, English, history, philosophy, orreligious studies. Identical to RELST 335. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.

86 COMMUNICATIONCOMPREHENSIVE LIBERAL STUDIES–CURRICULAR EMPHASIS87350 Digital Filmmaking II (4)Expands on the concepts introduced in DigitalFilmmaking I with students developing moreartistically and technically sophisticated work. Coversfundamental disciplines such as videography, lighting,editing, audio, and production management insignificant depth using professional-grade equipment.Students demonstrate their mastery through variousexercises and a primary short film production project.Prerequisite: COMM 250. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.411 Senior Seminar inCommunication Studies (4) I,WIn-depth investigation into the art, history,culture, and ethics of various media through the lensof a particular topic. For example, students mayexplore the construct of celebrity or friendship asformulated, manufactured, and disseminated throughmediated channels. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,COMM 101, and COMM 321. Offered each fall.481 Internship in Communication (4)A significant, practical learning experience for thestudent of communication and, as such, a requiredcomponent of the program of studies. Students maycomplete one or two internships as part of the major.All internships must be approved by the programcoordinator. Offered each semester.JOURNALISM COURSES (JOUR)201 Introduction to Journalism (4)An introduction to the study of newsgathering,reporting, and writing across multiple mediaplatforms, including ethical, legal, and stylisticconcerns. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered each semester.210 Journalism Workshop (2)A practical workshop in which studentscontribute to The Marlin Chronicle, VirginiaWesleyan’s student newspaper, as writers, designers,and photographers. Students are encouraged todiscover and develop a specialty. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher or consent. Offeredeach semester.328 Public RelationsAn introduction to the public relations andadvertising profession with an emphasis on writing.Students examine the role of public relations andadvertising in a free society and the demands andconstraints, including ethical ones, placed uponthem. They write background or briefing papers,press releases, informational and persuasive copy, andfind promotable elements in products and services.Identical to COMM 328. Offered each semester.333 Special Topics in Journalism (4)An investigation of selected topics in journalism.Sample topics include “Design and Editing,”“Creative Nonfiction,” and “Critical Writing.”Prerequisite: JOUR 201. Offered when circumstancespermit.385 Editors in the Workshop (2)An opportunity for editors of The MarlinChronicle to superintend the professionalperformance of their sections. Editors run weeklybudget meetings; make assignments; encourage,assist, and evaluate staff; and produce a responsible,quality publication. May be repeated for credit.Offered each semester.397 Feature Writing (4)Students pursue the principles of researching,interviewing, and writing several different kinds offeature stories, including editorials, columns, andlifestyle pieces. Special topics include sports, travel,food and humor. Prerequisite: JOUR 201 or consent.435 Advanced Newswriting (4) WAn advanced course in the collection andreporting of news in which students are expected todemonstrate independence and initiative in theirwork. Each student learns to develop a beat and makeuse of sources. Emphasis is placed on skepticism.Prerequisite: JOUR 201.COMPREHENSIVELIBERAL STUDIESDR. CLAY DREES, Program CoordinatorThe Comprehensive Liberal Studies major (CLS)offers students the opportunity to design anindividual program of study that reflects theinterdisciplinary nature of the liberal arts. Unlike thedepartmental majors, this major allows students tocreate a unique major that integrates studies in allthree academic divisions of the college in a coherentprogram with a clear intellectual focus.The major consists of 44 semester hours chosenfrom courses in the three academic divisions. Eachstudent’s program must adhere to the followingguidelines:• Sixteen semester hours must be taken in each oftwo academic divisions, while 12 semester hoursmust be taken in a third academic division.• At least 24 of the 44 total semester hours in themajor must be taken at the 300/400 level. These24 upper-level semester hours must bedistributed across at least two academicdivisions.• No more than half of the semester hours fromcourses in any one division may be taken in thesame department or discipline.• One interdisciplinary course designated INSTmay be included in the major and countedeither as a humanities or social sciences course.An INST course may not be counted in themajor as a natural sciences and mathematicscourse.• At least one laboratory science course must beincluded as part of the major.• English and foreign language courses taken tosatisfy core requirements in the Program ofGeneral Studies may not be included in themajor, but courses satisfying other GeneralStudies requirements may be included.• A 2.5 grade point average in all courses includedin the CLS is required for graduation.A student wishing to declare the CLS major mustfile a Declaration of Major form with the Office ofthe Registrar at least two semesters before graduation,summer not counting as a semester. In addition, acontract outlining the plan of study must be workedout in close consultation with an academic advisor,who may be a full-time faculty member from any oneof the three academic divisions. This contract mustinclude (1) a list of the courses the student plans totake and include in the proposed CLS major; and (2)an essay explaining the student’s goals and reasonsfor choosing the CLS major and articulating aunifying theme that will define and give cleardirection to the major; and (3) a statementidentifying courses that will be used to fulfill thecollege’s requirements for oral communicationcompetence computer proficiency and showing howthose courses will fulfill these requirements.The contract must be approved by the student’sfaculty advisor and by the Director of the CLS major,who sign the completed contract, which is kept onfile by the advisor. The contract may be renegotiatedif the courses listed become unavailable, but anychanges must be approved by the student, the advisorand the CLS director.COMPREHENSIVELIBERAL STUDIES—CURRICULAR EMPHASISDR. CLAY DREES, Program CoordinatorStudents seeking teacher licensure withendorsement in Elementary Education (preK-6),Special Education: General Curriculum (K-12), andMiddle Education (6-8) complete a major thatreflects the interdisciplinary and interdependentnature of the liberal arts. The Comprehensive LiberalStudies major allows licensure candidates in the aboveareas to pursue studies in the college’s three academicdivisions while meeting the competencies of teachersrecommended in the Virginia Board of Education’sRegulations Governing the Review and Approval ofEducation Programs in Virginia. The courses listedbelow are pending approval by the Virginia Board ofEducation. A 2.5 GPA in the major is required forgraduation and recommendation for licensure.Students seeking licensure with an endorsement inelementary, special education, or middle educationmust also complete the professional educationcoursework outlined in the Education section of theVWC Catalog.Major Requirements: ComprehensiveLiberal Studies—Curricular EmphasisCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.HUMANITIES DIVISIONENG 2224Teaching Grammar & WritingENG 3174Children’s LiteratureCOMM 325*4Organizational CommunicationsOne of the following:ARTH 341American ArtARTH 35119th Century Art History 4CLAS 360Classical Virginia300/400-levelHistory courseSee continuation of choices next page

88 COMPREHENSIVE LIBERAL STUDIES–CURRICULAR EMPHASISChart continued from previous pageSOCIAL SCIENCES DIVISIONGEOG 111Physical Geography4HIST 111World History to A.D. 16004HIST 116History of the United States4POLS 335American Government4MBE 100Introduction to Economics4NATURAL SCIENCES &MATHEMATICS DIVISIONPHSC 100Introduction to Physical Science4BIO 100World of Biology4One of the following:EES 130, 131, 132, 1334MATH 210Introductory Statistics4MATH 325Theory of Elementary Mathematics 4TOTAL 56*COMM 222 may be used to satisfy the VirginiaBoard of Education communication competencies.Students choosing to do so must substitute a300/400-level humanities or approved InterdisciplinaryStudies course to fulfill graduationrequirements.COMPREHENSIVELIBERAL STUDIES—CURRICULAR EMPHASIS:MIDDLE EDUCATION (6-8)Students seeking teacher licensure withendorsement in Middle Education (6-8) complete amajor that reflects the interdisciplinary andinterdependent nature of the liberal arts. TheComprehensive Liberal Studies - Curricular Emphasis(CLSCE) major allows licensure candidates in MiddleEducation (6-8) to pursue studies in the college’sthree academic divisions while meeting thecompetencies of teachers recommended in theVirginia Board of Education’s Regulations Governingthe Review and Approval of Education Programs inVirginia. Students seeking endorsement in MiddleEducation must also complete one 21-hour contentarea from English, mathematics, history and socialsciences, or science. A 2.5 GPA in the major isrequired for graduation and recommendation forlicensure. Students seeking licensure with anendorsement in Middle Education (6-8) mustcomplete the professional education courseworkoutlined in the Education section of the VWCCatalog.COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.HUMANITIES DIVISIONCOMM 2224Public SpeakingENG 2224Teaching Grammar & WritingENG 3154The Experience of PoetryENG 3184Adolescent LiteratureOne of the following:ARTH 341American ArtARTH 35119th Century Art History 4CLAS 360Classical Virginia300/400-levelHistory course (H designation)SOCIAL SCIENCES DIVISIONGEOG 1114Physical GeographyHIST 1114World History to A.D. 1600HIST 1124World History: The Modern EraHIST 1164History of the United StatesPOLS 3354American GovernmentMBE 1004Introduction to EconomicsNATURAL SCIENCES &MATHEMATICS DIVISIONPHSC 1004Introduction to Physical ScienceBIO 1004World of BiologyOne of the following:4EES 130, 131, 132, 133See continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageMATH 2104Introductory StatisticsMATH 325Theory of Elementary Mathematics 4EARTH ANDENVIRONMENTALSCIENCESTOTAL 64DR. J. CHRISTOPHER HALEYDR. ELIZABETH G. MALCOLM, Program CoordinatorDR. GARRY E. NOEDR. MAYNARD H. SCHAUS, Division ChairpersonEarth and environmental sciences is a multidisciplinaryfield that addresses the interactionsbetween humans and the environment. Study in thisfield includes an understanding of the basic principlesthat govern geological, biological, and chemicalinteractions, as well as the applied context ofdeveloping solutions to current environmentalproblems. The earth and environmental sciencescurriculum is designed to provide a solid foundationin both earth science and environmental science andto support coursework in chemistry and biology. TheB.A. program is designed to provide a broadbackground in the fundamentals of earth science forstudents who plan careers in secondary education,business, law, and other areas, or wish to pursue adouble major. The B.S. program is intended forstudents who plan graduate work in earth orenvironmental sciences and thus require additionalupper-level EES courses and additional preparation inmathematics. Those seeking secondary certificationin Earth Science must take PHYS 142 and either EES210 or 340.Major Requirements:Earth and Environmental Sciences (B.A.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLEEARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESSEM.HRS.EES 131Physical Geology with Laboratory4EES 133Environmental Geology with Laboratory4BIO 131Principles of Biology I: 4Evolution & EcologyCHEM 120Introductory Chemistry4One of the following:CHEM 210Analytical ChemistryEES/CHEM 270Environmental Chemistry 4CHEM 200Inorganic ChemistryCHEM 221Organic Chemistry IEES 200OceanographyEES 210OR 4MeteorologyEES/CHEM 450Global Environmental Cycles4Four of the following:EES 250, 300, 320, 330, 340, 16410, 470, 489One of the following:BIO 316, 320, 355, 435, 445, 4824TOTAL 48Major Requirements:Earth and Environmental Sciences (B.S.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLE89SEM.HRS.EES 131Physical Geology with Laboratory4EES 133Environmental Geology with Laboratory4BIO 131Principles of Biology I4CHEM 120Introductory Chemistry4One of the following:CHEM 210Analytical ChemistryEES/CHEM 270Environmental Chemistry 4CHEM 200Inorganic ChemistryCHEM 221Organic Chemistry IEES 200OceanographyEES 210OR 4MeteorologyEES 300Introduction to Geographic 4Information SystemsSee continuation of choices next page

90 EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESChart continued from previous pageEES 320Energy and the Environment4EES 330Geology of Mountain BeltsEES 3xxOR 4PetrologyEES 340ClimatologyEES 410OR 4Watershed HydrologyBIO 316General Ecology4EES/CHEM 450Global Environmental Cycles4Two of the following:EES 330, 340, 3xx (Petrology), 410,489; BIO 320, 355, 435, 445, 482;8CHEM 210, 270, 200, 221Two of the following:PHYS 221University Physics IMATH 172Calculus II 8MATH 274Ordinary Differential EquationsMATH 310Introduction to Statistical ModelingMinor Requirements:Earth and Environmental SciencesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 64SEM.HRS.One of the following:EES 130Physical Geology without LaboratoryEES 131Physical Geology with LaboratoryEES 132 4Environmental Geologywithout LaboratoryEES 133Environmental Geology with LaboratoryEES 200OceanographyEES 210OR 4MeteorologyEES 270Environmental Chemistry AND/OR 12Any 300/400-level coursesTOTAL 20Minor Requirements: Marine ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.EES 2004OceanographyBIO 3554Marine BiologyBIO 475Natural and Social 4History of the Chesapeake BaySelect two courses from the following:BIO 354Marine Invertebrate EvolutionBIO 373Invertebrate ZoologyBIO 435Tropical Ecology* 8BIO or EES 489Research in the Natural Sciences*EES 300Introduction to GeographicInformation SystemsEES 340ClimatologyEES 450Global Environmental CyclesTOTAL 20*Course requires approval from the departmentcoordinator of either Biology or Earth andEnvironmental Sciences to ensure marine sciencerelated content.EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCES COURSES (EES)130 Physical Geology without Laboratory (4)Identical to EES 131 but with web-basedassignments in lieu of a formal laboratory. Intendedfor those interested in learning about geology butwho do not wish to take a lab, especially thosepursuing teaching certification. Students intending tomajor in EES should take EES 131. Offered each fall.131 Physical Geology with Laboratory (4) LInvestigates the materials and processes thatcharacterize the interior of our dynamic and everchangingplanet. Topics include rocks and minerals,volcanism, earthquakes, the origin of mountains, thevastness of geologic time, and the unifying theory ofplate tectonics. Intended for those seeking laboratorygeneral studies credit and/or those interested inpursuing a major in EES. Offered each fall semesterand occasional spring semesters.132 Environmental Geologywithout Laboratory (4)Identical to EES 133 but with web-basedassignments in lieu of a formal laboratory. Intendedfor those interested in learning about environmentalgeology but who do not wish to take a lab, especiallythose pursuing teaching certification. Studentsintending to major in EES should take EES 133.Offered each spring.133 Environmental Geologywith Laboratory (4)LInvestigates the interaction between people andthe earth. Acquaints students with issues surroundingthe origin, distribution, and exploitation of water,mineral, and energy resources. Natural hazards andtheir mitigation and issues surrounding Earth’sclimate are investigated. Intended for those seekinglaboratory general studies credit and/or thoseinterested in pursuing a major in EES. Offered eachspring.200 Oceanography (4) LExplores the geology of the ocean basins and thephysical and chemical nature of seawater. Topicsstudied include ocean waves, tides, and currents.Links between the oceans and the atmosphere areexplored with special emphasis on the effect of oceanson climate, El Nino, and climate change. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Designed for science and non-science majors.Prerequisite or corequisite: math placement level H,A, or B, or MATH 104 or 105. Offered each fall.210 Meteorology (4) LAn introduction to the atmosphere and thescience behind weather phenomena such as clouds,hurricanes, and tornadoes. Students practice weatherforecasting, use meteorological instrumentation, andanalyze global meteorological datasets. Designed forscience and non-science majors. Prerequisite orcorequisite: math placement level H, A, or B, orMATH 104 or 105. Lecture three hours, laboratorythree hours each week. Offered each spring.250 Field Experiences in Earth andEnvironmental Sciences (2 or 4)Provides students with an intensive fieldexperience in selected habitats as they conduct studiesto examine various geological sites and sampleparticular habitats. May be repeated for credit astopics change. Does not fulfill the Natural Sciencerequirement for Latin honors. Lab fee. Prerequisite:consent. Offered in selected Winter Sessions orsummers on demand.EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES91270 Environmental Chemistry (4)An exploration of the earth system and humanperturbations to that system from a chemicalperspective. Topics covered include ozone depletion,persistent organic pollutants, wastewater treatment,and toxicity of environmental contaminants.Laboratory exercises give students experience inenvironmental sampling and analysis. Prerequisites:CHEM 120. Lecture three hours, laboratory threehours each week. Identical to CHEM 270. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.300 Introduction to GeographicInformation Systems (4)Introduces the computer-literate student to theunderlying theory and practical applications ofGraphic Information System (GIS) technology.Lectures are interwoven with hands-on computerexercises that illustrate the principles, developtechnical competence, and demonstrate the versatilityof GIS. Individualized projects reinforce concepts andhelp students acquire the knowledge and confidencerequired to use GIS outside the classroom. Does notfulfill any requirements for Latin honors.Prerequisites: math placement level H, A, or B, andjunior/senior status, or MATH 104 or 105, orconsent. Offered fall of even-numbered years.316 General Ecology (4) WA study of the interrelationships betweenorganisms and their environment. Topics will rangefrom the individual level to the global scale, includingboth basic and applied ecological topics.Prerequisites: BIO 131, successful completion ofENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, andsophomore status or higher. Identical to BIO 316.320 Energy and the Environment (4)An introduction to the fundamental physicalconcepts underlying energy, its conversion, and itsimpact on the environment. Topics include fossilfuels, nuclear-fueled power plants, renewable forms ofenergy, pollution, and energy conversion.Prerequisite: math placement level H or A, or MATH135. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.330 Geology of Mountain Belts (4)An introduction to the disciplines of stratigraphyand structural geology, focusing on mountain belts ascase studies. Topics include the observation,description and interpretation of the sedimentaryrecord; the measurement and analysis of folds, faultsand other features associated with tectonic uplift; andthe tectonic history of the Appalachians.Prerequisites: EES 124/125 or EES 130/131 orconsent. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours

92 EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESEDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATION93each week. Includes at least two required field trips tokey locations in the central Appalachians. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.340 Climatology (4) WAn examination of the earth’s climate system andthe science of climate change. Topics include thedynamics and feedbacks of the climate system, oceanand biosphere influences on climate, reconstructionof past climate, predications of future climate, andhuman influences on global and regional weatherpatterns. Prerequisite: EES 200 or EES 210. Offeredfall of even-numbered years.400 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (2)Introduces the broad research applications ofSEM. Topics include sample preparation, criticalpoint drying, sputter coating, imaging, and x-raymicroanalysis. Includes weekly hands-on trainingwith the SEM and completion of an independentresearch project. Identical to BIO 400. Prerequisites:junior/senior status and consent. Offered in selectspring semesters.410 Watershed Hydrology (4)An introduction to the underlying theory andpractical applications of water science at thewatershed scale. Lectures include brief in-classexercises and problems that illustrate hydrologicprinciples. Prerequisites: EES 132 or ESS 133 andmath placement H or A, or MATH 135. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.425 The Age of Oil (4) IExplores all aspects of oil: its chemistry and origin;how we find it and turn it into myriad products;the influence that cheap, abundant oil has had onour society; and its role in politics and war.Environmental effects and the questions about thefuture supply will also be considered. Prerequisites:senior status or consent. Offered when circumstancespermit.435 Tropical Ecology (4) IAn intensive field experience in neotropicalecosystems (coral reefs, rainforests, caves, mangroveswamps, etc.) that links ecological phenomena withsocial and historical factors to examine theconservation of biodiversity. Field activities requiremoderately strenuous exercise and considerablehiking. Destinations may include Trinidad, Belize,Costa Rica, or other tropical sites. Course fee.Identical to BIO 435. Offered Winter Session ofeven-numbered years.450 Global Environmental Cycles (4)Explores the connections among the atmosphere,hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere throughexploration of global cycling of nutrients andpollutants. Students investigate these biogeochemicalcycles through analysis of primary research articles,field measurements, chemical analysis, and a selfdesignedresearch project. Prerequisites: junior/seniorstatus and a major in the natural sciences. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Identical to CHEM 450. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.470 Internship in the Natural Sciences(2 or 4)An intensive study of a specific field of sciencethrough an on-site field experience. Internshipsinvolve hands-on opportunities in the sciences thatare relevant to the chosen site. Students may enroll for2 or 4 semester hours in a given semester. Aminimum of 80 hours devoted to the internship isexpected for 2 semester hours, and a minimum of 160hours is expected for 4 semester hours, but someplacements may require more time. Students mustcoordinate their internship placement with thesupervising faculty member at least two months priorto placement. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisites:junior/senior status and consent. Offered eachsemester and most Winter Sessions (2 semester hoursonly).489 Research in the Natural Sciences (2 or 4)Offers students the opportunity to conductoriginal scientific research in an area of interest.Students work closely with one or more members ofthe natural science faculty to develop and conduct aresearch project, then present their findings orallyduring the semester’s undergraduate researchsymposium and as a formal research paper. Studentsare encouraged to present their findings at aconference. Prerequisite: junior/senior status and amajor in the natural sciences, prior approval by theproject advisor, and consent of the instructor.Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. May be repeated for a maximum total of 8semester hours. Identical to BIO 489, CHEM 489,CS 489, and MATH 489. Offered each semester andmost Winter Sessions (2 semester hours only).ECONOMICS(See Business)EDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATIONDR. KAREN BOSCH, Director of Teacher EducationMS. GINGER L. FERRISDR. HILVE A. FIREKDR. B. MALCOLM LIVELYDR. JAYNE E. SULLIVANMRS. STACEY WOLLERTON,Director of Field ExperiencesVirginia Wesleyan College is known for excellencein preparing classroom teachers. The ProfessionalEducation Program provides the highest quality ofteaching methodology and disciplinary preparation inthe content areas. Unique features of the programinclude a comprehensive liberal arts education, earlyfield experiences, strong mentoring by faculty andstaff, and the development of area school partnershipsthrough advisory committees and school divisioncontacts. The program is reviewed periodically by theVirginia Department of Education and approved bythe Virginia Board of Education. All programs fulfillthe curricular requirements detailed in the RegulationsGoverning the Review and Approval of EducationPrograms in Virginia. Career assistance is provided toall candidates who successfully complete one of theapproved programs.Admission to the ProfessionalEducation ProgramStudents interested in becoming teachers mustformally apply for admission to the ProfessionalEducation Program. Packets for admission aredistributed in INST 202 and EDUC 225 classes andare also available in Pruden 103. The packets are to becompleted and submitted to the EducationDepartment Administrative Assistant in Pruden 103before the end of your sophomore year, and definitelyone semester before enrolling in 300 level classes.Students interested in teacher certification will notbe allowed to register for upper level (300+)professional education courses until they are admittedinto the Professional Education Program. Transferstudents must complete and submit the packet foradmission by the end of their first semester ofcoursework at VWC.Specifically, students will not be able to continuewith Education Coursework beyond INST 202, INST203, and EDUC 225 or PSY 205 until admitted to theProfessional Education Program. Transfer students willnot be able to continue with education courses beyondthe first semester of attendance until admitted to theProfessional Education Program. The 300/400-leveleducation courses will be “Consent Only.”When the completed packet for admission isreceived, a committee will determine acceptance intothe Professional Education Program. A letter will besent to confirm acceptance. The packet for admissionhas the following requirements listed below:a. Achieve passing scores on Praxis I test(composite) or SAT/ACT equivalent andpassing scores on the VCLA, or passing scoreson VCLA and Praxis I Math.b. Maintain a cumulative GPA of at least 2.5 atthe time of application.c. Achieve a grade of C or better in ALLProfessional Education courses.d. Pass Civics Education Module found atfollowing link: http://www.civiceducationva.org and submit certification of completion.e. Pass Child Abuse and Neglect module found atthe following link: http://www.dss.virginia.gov/family/cps/mandated_reporters/cws5691/index.html and submit certification of completion.Following admission to the ProfessionalEducation Program, a teacher candidate is required tocomplete the following requirements prior to the preservicestudent teaching semester to remain in goodstanding with the department:• Maintain the required GPA in your major.GPA requirement for the ComprehensiveLiberal Studies major is 2.5.• Grades of C or better in ALL ProfessionalEducation courses.• Pass Praxis II prior to the start of pre-servicestudent teaching.• Elementary/Special Education ONLY:Pass the Reading for Virginia Educators (RVE)assessment upon completion of EDUC 320 andEDUC 321 (Passing score is 157).• NOTE: Passing scores on VCLA, Praxis II, andRVE (where applicable) are required forlicensure by the Virginia Department ofEducation.Elementary Education ProgramThe student seeking elementary teachercertification completes the Comprehensive LiberalStudies major, along with the required general studiescourses and the sequence of professional educationcourses. Careful coordination of these three sets ofrequirements is essential if the course of study is to becompleted in four years. This program prepares thesuccessful candidate for licensure with anendorsement in elementary education preK-6.

94 EDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATIONEDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATION95Elementary Education Program (preK-6)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.EDUC 2254Characteristics of the LearnerINST 2024The School & SocietyINST 203Applied Technology for 2Innovative InstructionSPED 371Foundations/Legal/Ethical Issues 4in Special EducationEDUC 3204Teaching Reading & Language ArtsEDUC 3214Literacy Development & AssessmentEDUC 366Classroom Management & 4Teaching StrategiesSpecial Education: General Curriculum (K-12)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.PSY 2054Lifespan Developmental PsychologyINST 2024The School & SocietyINST 203Applied Technology for 2Innovative InstructionEDUC 3204Teaching Reading & Language ArtsEDUC 3214Literary Development & AssessmentEDUC 366Classroom Management & 2Teaching StrategiesSPED 371Foundations/Legal/Ethical Issues 4in Special EducationCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.PSY 205Lifespan Developmental Psychology4INST 202The School & Society4INST 203Applied Technology for 2Innovative InstructionSPED 370Foundations in Special Education2EDUC 320Teaching Reading & Language Arts4EDUC 319Content Area Reading and Writing4EDUC 366Classroom Management & 4Teaching StrategiesEDUC 375Middle and Secondary Teaching Methods4Secondary Education Program (6-12) andVisual Arts or Foreign Language (preK-12)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.EDUC 225Characteristics of the Learner4INST 202The School & Society4INST 203Applied Technology for 2Innovative InstructionSPED 370Foundations in Special Education2EDUC 319Content Area Reading & Writing4EDUC 366Classroom Management and 4Teaching StrategiesEDUC 375Middle & Secondary Teaching Methods4EDUC 329Curriculum & Instruction PreK-6EDUC 330Elementary PracticumINST 482Issues in EducationEDUC 434Elementary Preservice Teaching IEDUC 435Elementary Preservice Teaching II41488TOTAL 51Special Education: General Curriculum (K-12)The student seeking teacher certification in specialeducation completes the Comprehensive LiberalStudies major, along with the required general studiescourses and the sequence of professional educationcourses. Careful coordination of these three sets ofrequirements is essential if the course of study is to becompleted in four years. This program prepares thesuccessful candidate for licensure with anendorsement in Special Education: GeneralCurriculum K-12.INST 482Issues in Education4SPED 376Assessment & Management of 4Instruction in Special EducationSPED 382Transition in Special Education2SPED 384Curriculum & Instruction K-124SPED 385Curriculum & Instruction K-12 Practicum1SPED 438Special Education Preservice Teaching I8SPED 439Special Education Preservice Teaching II8Middle Education Program (6-8)TOTAL 55The student seeking certification in MiddleEducation (6-8) completes the ComprehensiveLiberal Studies major, along with the required generalstudies courses and the sequence of professionaleducation courses. Additionally, the student mustcomplete one 21-hour content area from English,mathematics, history and social science, or science.The middle education program prepares thesuccessful candidate for licensure with anendorsement in Middle Education 6-8.EDUC 340Middle and Secondary PracticumEDUC 436Middle Education Preservice Teaching IEDUC 437Middle Education Preservice Teaching II188TOTAL 45Secondary Education Program (6-12) andVisual Arts or Foreign Language (preK-12)The student seeking certification in a specificsubject at the secondary level or in visual arts or aforeign language at any level completes the stateapprovedversion of the academic major (biology,chemistry, earth and environmental sciences, English,history and social science, or mathematics; art,French, German, or Spanish) along with the requiredgeneral studies courses, VDOE requirements ENG222 and COMM 222, and the sequence ofprofessional education courses. The secondaryprogram prepares the successful candidate forlicensure with an endorsement in one of the aboveareas.EDUC 340Middle and Secondary Practicum:EDUC 445Secondary Preservice Teaching IEDUC 446Secondary Preservice Teaching II188TOTAL 41EDUCATION COURSES (EDUC)225 Characteristics of the Learner (4)A course in human growth and development frombirth through adolescence. Students learn about thephysical, social, emotional, and intellectualdevelopment of children and how to use thisknowledge to guide learning experiences and relatemeaningfully to students. Includes discussion ofsocial and individual differences that affectinteraction including developmental disabilities,attention deficit disorders, gifted education,substance abuse, child abuse, and family disruptions.Offered each semester.319 Content Area Reading and Writing (4)Provides prospective middle and secondaryteachers with skills and strategies to lead students tobecome independent learners in all content areas.Emphasizes effective teaching of content using arepertoire of strategies for literal, inferential, critical,and evaluative comprehension; fostering appreciationof a variety of literature and the importance of

96 EDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATIONEDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATION97independent reading; and using writing to evaluateand accelerate learning. Prerequisite: consent only.Offered each semester.320 Teaching Reading and theLanguage Arts (4)Provides prospective elementary teachers withcontent skills that include oral language, reading,writing, and literature. Provides observation andinstruction in an elementary school. All lesson plansmade by students focus on Virginia Standards ofLearning and assessment strategies. Prerequisites:EDUC 225, INST 202 and consent. Offered eachsemester.321 Literacy Development andAssessment (4)WProvides prospective teachers with strategies forongoing classroom assessment, diagnosis, andremediation of reading skills using both informal andstandardized assessment tools. Focuses on developingproficiency in a wide variety of comprehensionstrategies, including fluency and vocabularydevelopment, appreciation for a variety of literature,and independent reading, as well as the ability topromote progress with Virginia Standards of Learningend-of-course assessments. Includes instructionaltechniques to assist students with disabilities toachieve reading and comprehension skills.Prerequisites: successful completion of ENG 105with a grade of C or higher, EDUC 320 and consent.Offered each semester.329 Curriculum and Instruction PreK-6 (4)Provides teacher candidates with anunderstanding of the principles of learning; theapplication of skills in discipline-specificmethodology; communication processes; selectionand use of materials, including media and computers;and evaluation of pupil performance includinginterpreting and analyzing valid assessments to maketeaching decisions. Includes teaching methods forEnglish language learners, gifted and talentedstudents, and students with disabling conditions(PreK-6), and promotes student progress andpreparation for the Virginia Standards of Learningassessments. Students learn methods of improvingcommunication and involvement between schoolsand families, including the Foundation Blocks forEarly Learning. Prerequisite: INST 202, EDUC 225,and consent. Offered each fall.330 Elementary Practicum (1)A teaching practicum that provides anopportunity to apply teaching methods, practice skillsin teaching specific subjects, and learn how toimplement classroom management strategies. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. A supervisedfield experience in a primary classroom is provided.The student must request a placement from theDirector of Field Experiences early in the registrationprocess. Prerequisites: INST 202, EDUC 225,EDUC 320 and consent. Prerequisite/corequisite:EDUC 329. Offered each fall.340 Middle and Secondary Practicum (1)A teaching practicum that provides anopportunity to apply teaching methods, practice skillsin teaching specific subjects, and learn how toimplement classroom management strategies inmiddle grades (6-8) and secondary classrooms. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences early in the registration process.Prerequisite: consent only. Offered each fall.364 Classroom Management andTeaching Strategies (2)Provides Special Education General CurriculumK-12 teacher candidates with classroom managementcontent and skills that create positive classroombehavioral supports through strategies, effectiveteacher behaviors, and student assessments andinterventions. Candidates develop a classroommanagement plan. Prerequisite: PSY 205 andconsent. Offered each spring.366 Classroom Management andTeaching Strategies (4)Provides teacher candidates with classroommanagement content and skills that create positiveclassroom behavioral supports through strategies,effective teacher behaviors, and student assessmentsand interventions. Candidates develop a classroommanagement plan. A required 10-hour fieldexperience supports the application of themanagement skills. Prerequisite: consent only.Offered each semester.375 Middle and SecondaryTeaching Methods (4)A course in middle and secondary curriculum andinstructional strategies. Emphasizes principles oflearning; construction and interpretation of validassessment instruments; analysis of data to improvestudent performance; the relationship amongassessment, instruction, and student achievement;integration of technology; communication betweenschools, families, and communities. Prerequisite:consent only. Corequisite: EDUC 340 for secondary“DAY” education students. Offered each fall.434 Elementary Preservice Teaching I (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 1-3.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Offeredeach semester.435 Elementary Preservice Teaching II (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 4-5.The student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Offeredeach semester.436 Middle EducationPreservice Teaching I (8)A preservice teaching experience in grade 6.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Offeredeach semester.437 Middle EducationPreservice Teaching II (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 7-8.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Offeredeach semester.445 Secondary Preservice Teaching I (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 6-8.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Studentsmajoring in art and foreign language for K-12 teachercertification also enroll in EDUC 445/446. Offeredeach semester.446 Secondary Preservice Teaching II (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 9-12.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. The studentmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester before student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Prerequisite: consentand admission to the Education Program. Offeredeach semester.461 ACT Elementary PreserviceTeaching I (4)A preservice teaching experience for ACT studentsin grades 1-3. The student teaching I and II provideover 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. Students must request a placement from theDirector of Field Experiences the semester beforestudent teaching. Includes an on-campus seminar.Prerequisite: consent and admission to the EducationProgram. Offered each semester.462 ACT Elementary PreserviceTeaching II (4)A preservice teaching experience for ACT studentsin grades 4-6. The student teaching I and II provideover 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. The student must request a placement fromthe Director of Field Experiences the semester beforestudent teaching. Includes an on-campus seminar.Prerequisite: consent and admission to the EducationProgram. Offered each semester.463 ACT Secondary PreserviceTeaching I (4)A preservice teaching experience for ACT studentsin grades 6-8. The student teaching I and II provideover 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. The student must request a placement fromthe Director of Field Experiences the semester beforestudent teaching. Includes an on-campus seminar.Prerequisite: consent and admission to the EducationProgram. Students majoring in art and foreignlanguage for K-12 certification enroll in EDUC 463and 464. Offered each semester.464 ACT Secondary PreserviceTeaching II (4)A preservice teaching experience for ACT studentsin grades 9-12. The student teaching I and II provideover 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. The student must request a placement fromthe Director of Field Experiences the semester before

98 EDUCATION/SPECIAL EDUCATIONENGLISH99student teaching. Includes an on-campus seminar.Prerequisite: consent and admission to the EducationProgram. Offered each semester.480 Field Experience in Education (1)Involves working with students in specialprograms. The experience helps prospective teacherslearn about students outside the usual formal schoolenvironment. An AVID program placement ispossible. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: consent.Offered on demand.SPECIAL EDUCATION COURSES(SPED)370 Foundations in Special Education (2)Provides a foundation for educating secondarystudents with disabilities. Covers historicalperspectives, normal development patterns, medicalaspects of disabilities, family influence, and ethicalissues; along with definitions, characteristics, andlearning and behavioral support needs of disabilitiesstudents. Provides knowledge of legal and regulatoryrequirements and the expectations associated withidentification, education, and evaluation of studentswith disabilities. Prerequisite: consent only. Offeredeach spring.371 Foundations/Legal/Ethical VIssues in Education (4)Provides an introduction and overview of the fieldof special education including the definition,identification, and characteristics of those that aredisabled. Students with ADHD and gifted abilitiesare emphasized. Also includes historical perspectives,models, theories, and trends that provide the basis forgeneral and special education practice including thedynamic influence of the family system, cultural/environmental millieu pertinent to students, theunderstanding of ethical issues, and the practice ofacceptable standards of professional behavior.Students taking this course will also gain anunderstanding of the legal aspects, regulatoryrequirements, and expectations associated withidentification, education, and evaluation of allstudents. The rights and responsibilities of parents,students, and schools will also be a focus of thiscourse. Prerequisite: consent only. Offered each fall.376 Assessment and Managementof Instruction in Special Education (4)Designed to support the understanding ofassessment as an ongoing part of instruction that iscontinuously analyzed and adjusted. Studentsdemonstrate the use of assessment to design andadjust instruction that relies on research-basedpractices and uses multiple approaches to meet theneeds of all children. Focuses on collaboration styles,roles, and specially designed instruction. Theconcepts of assistive technology, transition-relatedIEP goals, universally-designed lesson plans, andspecially-designed instruction is applied throughoutthe course. Prerequisite: SPED 371 and consent.Offered each fall.382 Transition in Special Education (2)This course prepares students to work withfamilies and community service providers to supportstudents with disabilities throughout the K-12educational experience. Covers postsecondarytraining, employment, and independent living;including long-term planning, career development,life skills, community experiences and resources, selfadvocacyand self-determination, guardianship, andlegal considerations. Students learn to collaboratewith families, other educators, related serviceproviders, and personnel from community agencies.Prerequisite: Consent only. Offered each spring.384 Curriculum and Instruction K-12 (4)Provides teachers with strategies to teach specialeducation students in inclusive settings. Teachersincrease their knowledge of proven practices,instructional decision-making, and confidence intheir ability to meet the needs of all students in theK-12 classrooms. Students gain skills in identifyingthe characteristics of special needs students,understanding the IEP process, collaborating withother professionals and parents, then relating thisinformation to assessment and instruction in thegeneral education classroom K-12. Skills in thiscourse contribute to an understanding of theprinciples of learning, the application of skills indiscipline-specific methodology, communicationprocesses, selection and use of materials includingmedia and computers, and evaluation of pupilperformance including interpreting and analyzingvalid assessments to make teaching decisions.Prerequisite: SPED 371 and consent. Corequisite:SPED 385. Offered each spring.385 Curriculum and InstructionK-12 Practicum (1)Provides an opportunity for candidates to observeand teach in an inclusion classroom at the middle orhigh school levels. Placements are in diverse schoolsettings. The student must request a placement fromthe Director of Field Experiences early in theregistration process. Prerequisite: consent only.Offered each spring.438 Special Education PreserviceTeaching I (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades K-6.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. Studentsmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester prior to student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Attendance ismandatory. Prerequisite: consent and admission tothe Education Program. Offered each semester.439 Special Education PreserviceTeaching II (8)A preservice teaching experience in grades 6-12.Student teaching I and II provide over 300 clockhours and 150 hours of direct instruction. Theplacements are in diverse school settings. Studentsmust request a placement from the Director of FieldExperiences the semester prior to student teaching.Includes an on-campus seminar. Attendance ismandatory. Prerequisite: consent and admission tothe Education Program. Offered each semester.465 Alternative Certification forTeachers (ACT) Special EducationPreservice Teaching I (4)A preservice teaching experience for AlternativeCertification for Teachers (ACT) students in specialeducation grades K-6. Student teaching I and IIprovide over 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. Students must request a placement from theDirector of Field Experiences the semester beforestudent teaching. Seminars are included. Attendanceis mandatory. Prerequisite: consent and admission tothe Education Program. Corequisite: SPED 466.Offered each semester.466 Alternative Certification forTeachers (ACT) Special EducationPreservice Teaching II (4)A preservice teaching experience for AlternativeCertification for Teachers (ACT) students in specialeducation grades 6-12. Student teaching I and IIprovide over 300 clock hours and 150 hours of directinstruction. The placements are in diverse schoolsettings. Students must request a placement from theDirector of Field Experiences the semester beforestudent teaching. Seminars are included. Attendanceis mandatory. Prerequisite: consent and admission tothe Education Program. Corequisite: SPED 465.Offered each semester.ENGLISHDR. EDWARD E. BRICKELL (adjunct)DR. MICHAEL HALL, Program CoordinatorDR. STEPHEN G. B. HOCKDR. KELLIE D. HOLZERDR. REBECCA E. HOOKERDR. CAROL V. JOHNSONDR. SUSAN E. LARKINMR. GAVIN M. PATEMR. ADAM RUHDR. JENNIFER A. SLIVKAMS. VIVIAN TETERDR. JOSH A. WEINSTEINIn today’s information-based society, the ability touse and analyze the spoken and written word hasbecome critically important. In recognition of thisfact, the English Department offers students a rangeof courses in English language, writing, and literature,focusing on the development of skills in independentinquiry and analysis, training in literary andrhetorical traditions that deepen students’appreciation of language and literature, andpreparation to become astute analysts of culture andsophisticated writers.English courses teach the skills of critical thinking,writing, and research, as well as the historical andtheoretical frameworks through which literature canbe read. They are designed to help students read forpleasure and understanding, write with skill andgrace, appreciate diverse cultures and values,understand the relationship between art and life,discover the liberating qualities of the imagination,and prepare themselves for careers that require skillwith the English language. As such, courses in Englishare valuable not only to those students majoring inEnglish, but also to any student, regardless of major,who plans to enter a professional field in the 21stcentury. English majors develop the skills andflexibility that are increasingly necessary in today’sworkplace. They prepare for a variety of careers inbusiness, industry, and government, for teaching,writing, publishing, journalism, law, and ministry,and for graduate study in English and related fields.Major Programs in EnglishStudents interested in majoring in English shouldconsult with a member of the English Departmentearly on in their time at Virginia Wesleyan. They haveseveral options to choose from, including focusing onliterary study, concentrations in secondary education,creative writing, or professional writing, and themajor in theatre and English, as outlined below.English majors are expected to take ENG 289,Approaches to Literary Study, either in the spring ofthe freshman year or in the fall of the sophomore year,

100 ENGLISHENGLISH101and before upper-level courses in the major. Majorsare likewise expected to take ENG 311, Theory andResearch, in the fall of the junior year. ENG 489, thesenior capstone experience, includes an extensiveindependent research or creative writing project and aformal oral presentation before the department andinvited Virginia Wesleyan community. It must betaken in the fall of the senior year, with requiredpreliminary work in the spring of the junior year.Internships for English MajorsWriting internships may be taken by Englishmajors who have completed three English courses atVirginia Wesleyan. The internship must be approvedby the student’s advisor and the program coordinatorand must be with an organization approved by thedepartment. In the past few years, internships havebeen approved for such organizations as the Spaceand Naval Warfare Command, the Norfolk Chamberof Commerce, and the Virginia Aquarium andMarine Science Center.Major Requirements: English withConcentration in LiteratureCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ENG 2894Approaches to Literary StudyENG 3114Theory & CriticismENG 4894Senior Thesis WorkshopOne English course in literature before1675 at the 300/400 level: ENG 336,4346, 347, 350, or an appropriate topicscourse approved by the student’s advisorOne “outside voices” course at the 200level or above: ENG 251, 258, 261, or an4appropriate topics course approved bythe student’s advisorThree courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or literature courses inforeign languages and literatures at the 12300/400 level and approved by thestudent’s advisorTwo courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or literature coursesin foreign languages and literatures at 8the 200 level or above and approvedby the student’s advisorTOTAL 40Major Requirements: Theatre and EnglishCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ENG 289Approaches to Literary Study4ENG 311Theory & Criticism4ENG 346Shakespeare IENG 347OR 4Shakespeare IITwo courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or literature coursesin foreign languages and literatures at 8the 300/400 level and approved by thestudent’s advisorOne course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literature coursein foreign languages and literatures at 4the 200 level or above and approved bythe student’s advisorTH210Acting ITH220OR 4Technical TheatreTH301Theatre History I4TH302Theatre History II4One course in theatre at any level 4One of the following:ENG 489, TH 424, TH 4854Major Requirements: English withSecondary CertificationCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 44SEM.HRS.ENG 289Approaches to Literary Study4ENG 311Theory & Criticism4ENG 489Senior Thesis Workshop4ENG 346Shakespeare IENG 347OR 4Shakespeare IISee continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageOne “outside voices” course at the 200level or above: ENG 251, 258, 261, or an4appropriate topics course approved bythe student’s advisorENG 2224Teaching Grammar and WritingOne of the following:COMM 101, JOUR 201, TH 210, 4TH 220, TH 320Three courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or literature coursesin foreign languages and literatures at 12the 300/400 level and approved bythe student’s advisorMajor Requirements: English withConcentration in Creative Writing(Poetry Track)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 40SEM.HRS.ENG 2894Approaches to Literary StudyENG 3114Theory & CriticismENG 4894Senior Thesis WorkshopOne English course in literaturebefore 1675 at the 300/400 level:ENG 336, 346, 347, 350, or an 4appropriate topics course approved bythe student’s advisorOne “outside voices” course at the 200level or above: ENG 251, 258, 261, or4an appropriate topics course approved bythe student’s advisorENG 2984Introductory Poetry WritingENG 2994Introductory Fiction WritingENG 310Distinctive Voices in 4Contemporary American PoetryENG 398Advanced Writing Workshop: Poetry 4(may be repeated twice for credit)One course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literature course inforeign languages and literatures at the 4300/400 level and approved by thestudent’s advisorOne course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literature coursein foreign languages and literatures 4at the 200 level or above and approvedby the student’s advisorMajor Requirements: English withConcentration in Creative Writing(Fiction Track)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 44SEM.HRS.ENG 2894Approaches to Literary StudyENG 3114Theory & CriticismENG 4894Senior Thesis WorkshopOne English course in literature before1675 at the 300/400 level: ENG 336,4346, 347, 350, or an appropriate topicscourse approved by the student’s advisorOne “outside voices” course at the 200level or above: ENG 251, 258, 261, or anappropriate topics course approved by 4the student’s advisorENG 2984Introductory Poetry WritingENG 2994Introductory Fiction WritingENG 3334Hybrid ProseENG 399Advanced Writing Workshop: Fiction 4(may be repeated twice for credit)One course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literature course inforeign languages and literatures at the 4300/400 level and approved by thestudent’s advisorOne course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literature course inforeign languages and literatures at the 4200 level or above and approved by thestudent’s advisorTOTAL 44

102 ENGLISHENGLISH103Major Requirements: English withConcentration in Professional WritingCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ENG 289Approaches to Literary Study4ENG 311Theory & Criticism4ENG 489Senior Thesis Workshop4One English course in literature before1675 at the 300/400 level: ENG 336,346, 347, 350, or an appropriate topics 4course approved by the student’s advisorOne “outside voices” course at the 200level or above: ENG 251, 258, 261, oran appropriate topics course approved4by the student’s advisorENG 242Writing for Business and Organizations4ENG 483English Internship4CS 100Computer Concepts andApplicationsISP 105OR 4Information Systems andComputer ApplicationsTwo courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or appropriate coursesin communications or journalism, orliterature courses in foreign languages8and literatures at the 300/400 leveland approved by the student’s advisorMinor Requirements: EnglishCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 40SEM.HRS.English electives at the 200 levelor above8English electives at the 300/400 level 12TOTAL 20ENGLISH COURSES (ENG)001 Writing Review (2)A workshop for students who would benefit frombrushing up on their writing skills before taking ENG105. Includes meetings with a supportive small groupand weekly conferences with the instructor.Prerequisite: placement or consent. No academiccredit is awarded for this course, but the course gradedoes count toward the course load and overall GPA asif it were a 2-semester hour course. Offered eachsemester.105 College Writing (4)An intensive introduction to several forms ofcollege writing and to the critical thinking andresearch skills essential to producing them. Requiresthe submission of a portfolio that meets standardizedrequirements and is judged proficient by an outsidereader. Three hours per week, plus regular conferenceswith the instructor. A grade of C or higher satisfiesthe first-semester English requirement. Prerequisite:placement. Prerequisite for enrollment during WinterSession or Summer Session 1: consent. Offered eachsemester.107 Practical Grammar (1)A course in practical grammar, usage, andmechanics covering the most important rules tofollow when proofreading. Emphasizes application ofskills to students’ own writing. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions.216 The Short Story (4) TAn introduction to the short story, focusingprimarily on contemporary and innovative fiction byauthors from diverse backgrounds. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher. Offered inselected semesters.222 Teaching Grammar and Writing (4)A survey of theoretical and practical approaches toteaching grammar, usage, and writing. Studentsobserve and/or interview experienced elementary,secondary, or college-level teachers of writing andtutor one or more student writers on or off campus.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Does not fulfill General Studies “T” requirement.Offered each fall.230 Environmental Literature andEcological Reflection (4)Students read and discuss influential works ofenvironmental writing, and then travel to a fieldlocation where they engage in the practice ofenvironmental writing through a series of reflectiveand creative writing exercises. A portfolio of studentwork is published via a course website. Field locationsvary. May not be repeated for additional creditwithout special permission. Prerequisite: ENG 105with a grade of C or higher. Offered in selectedWinter and Summer Sessions.232 Literature Into Film (4) AAn examination of the differences between literaryand film narrative. Both popular fiction and classicsare used in examining how plot, characterization,setting, spectacle, and other aspects of storytellingchange depending on whether the medium is thewritten word, the stage, or the screen. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with grade of C or higher and eithersophomore status or consent. Does not fulfill GeneralStudies “T” requirement. Offered in selected WinterSessions.242 Writing for Businessand Organizations (4)Covers skills needed to write various types ofbusiness and organizational communications.Emphasizes planning, drafting, and editing as well asdeveloping a professional writing style to achieveresults. Gives attention to global ethical issuesconcerning business and to interculturalcommunication. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a gradeof C or higher, a “T” course, and sophomore status orabove. Offered in selected semesters.250 Studies in Literature (4) TSelected topics that approach literature fromvarious generic, historical, or methodologicalperspectives. Versions of the course may includeseveral different media, but the focus is always onliterature. At least 20 pages of writing are required,including at least one documented essay.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered each semester.251 Diversity in American Literature (4) TAn opportunity to study—and to listen to—voices in American culture that have often beensilenced or ignored. Focuses on ethnic groups such asNative American, African-American, Asian-Americanand Hispanic-American, but also includes peoplemarginalized because of class, gender, or sexualorientation. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher. Offered in selected semesters.258 Topics in African AmericanLiterature (4)TA study of the fiction, non-fiction, and poetry ofAfrican-American authors from the 18th century tothe present. Authors may include Phillis Wheatley,Frederick Douglass, Charles Chesnutt, LangstonHughes, James Baldwin, Toni Morrison, and OctaviaButler, as well as new, young writers. Some attentionis given to forms of expression other than literature.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered each semester.259 Literature of Mystery, Crime,and Noir (4)TA study of the mystery genre and its offshoots,crime and noir. Focuses on seminal texts in the genreand contemporary reinterpretations of its formulas.Authors may include Raymond Chandler, JimThompson, Patricia Highsmith, Paul Auster, SaraGran, James Ellroy, and Richard Price, among others.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered in selected semesters.261 Woman Writers (4) TA study of women and their writing. Focus shiftsfrom semester to semester. Topics may includememoir, American writers, contemporary literature,or global perspectives. Students examine societalattitudes and customs and use literary and culturaltheory to contemplate questions of gender.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered in selected semesters.263 World Literature I (4) TA chronological survey of major literary worksfrom Ancient Near Eastern Epic to the EuropeanMiddle Ages. Emphasizes the close reading of ancientliterature within its immediate cultural context andthe analysis of this literature in well-argued papers.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to CLAS 263. Offered in selected semesters.264 World Literature II (4) TA survey of major works in world literature fromthe Renaissance to the present day emphasizing textsoutside the British and American traditions.Particular attention is given to texts that putthemselves in dialogue with Ancient Near Easternand Classical Greek and Roman literary traditions.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to CLAS 264. Offered in selected semesters.265 Love, Sex, and Marriage inWestern Literature (4)TA study of the history of the various ways throughwhich we understand romantic love and to a lesserextent, sexuality, masculinity, femininity, andmarriage, as they are represented in literature from theancient Sumerians to the present; considerableattention is also given to art forms other thanliterature. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher. Offered each semester.266 Transatlantic Romanticism (4) TAn intensive exploration of the fertile crosspollinationbetween British Romantic writers, such asWilliam Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge,and American writers of the 19th century such asHenry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Emily

104 ENGLISHENGLISH105Dickinson, and Walt Whitman. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher. Offered in selectedsemesters.280 Early British Literature (4) TA survey of major authors, works, and literarytraditions from Beowulf to 1785. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher. Offered in selectedsemesters.281 Later British Literature (4) TA survey of major authors, works, and literarytraditions from 1785 to the early 20th century.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered in selected semesters.284 American Literature (4) TA survey of major authors, works, and literarytraditions from the beginning to the contemporaryperiod. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered in selected semesters.285 Contemporary American Literature (4) TA study of major authors, works, and literarytrends from the end of the 20th century to thepresent. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered in selected semesters.286 Banned Books (4) TAn interdisciplinary exploration of banned books;the legal battles in U.S. history that created,supported, and ended censorship; and the literary,legal, aesthetic, and socio-political contexts thatinfluenced both the artists and the changingconceptions of obscenity that marked their works ascontroversial. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade ofC or higher. Prerequisite for Winter Session: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher and consent. Note:Students who receive credit for ENG 286 may notalso receive credit for HIST 286. Offered in selectedspring semesters and Winter Sessions.287 Modern and ContemporaryLiterature (4)TA survey of major authors, works, and literarytrends from the beginning of the 20th century to thepresent. Emphasizes British and American literature,though attention may also be given to European,world, and postcolonial literature. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher. Offered in selectedsemesters.289 Approaches to Literary Study (4) TIntroduces close reading, selected criticalapproaches, literary genres, periods of literary history,discipline-specific information literacy such asscholarly databases and online research, andconventions for citing literary works and criticism.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered each semester.298 Introductory Poetry Writing (4) AA poetry writing workshop, with class discussionsof student work and the work of established poets.Emphasizes experimentation and creative exercises aswell as engagement with issues of craft and intensivereading of a broad range of poetry. Non-majorswelcome. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: ENG 105with a grade of C or higher. Offered each fall.299 Introductory Fiction Writing: (4)An introductory-level workshop with classdiscussions of student work and established authors.Students study and experiment with the craft offiction. They also analyze and write critically aboutfiction to help them understand their work moreclearly. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered each spring.301 Topics in Earlier British Literature (4) WAn in-depth study of some aspect of Britishliterature before the 19th century. May be repeatedfor credit as the topic varies. Prerequisites: ENG 105with a grade of C or higher and any literature coursedesignated “T.” Offered in selected semesters.302 Topics in Later British Literature (4) WAn in-depth study of some aspect of Britishliterature since the beginning of the 19th century.May be repeated for credit as the topic varies.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand any literature course designated “T.” Offeredeach spring.303 Topics in American Literature (4) WAn in-depth study of some aspect of Americanliterature. May be repeated for credit as the topicvaries. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and any “T” course. Offered in selectedsemesters.304 Topics in World Literature (4) WAn in-depth study of some aspect of literature,especially texts outside the British and Americantraditions. May be repeated for credit as the topicvaries. Prerequisite: any “T” course. Offered eachspring.306 Ecopoetry (4) WAn in-depth exploration of the various ways inwhich contemporary poets and critics seek tounderstand past and present poetries as negotiatingthe often porous boundaries between the human andnonhuman in our experiences of the world.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand any “T” course or consent. Identical to ENVS306. Offered in selected semesters.310 Distinctive Voices in Contemporary WAmerican Poetry (4)A study of the many and varied voices incontemporary American poetry, especially selectedworks of poetry published since 1960. Authorsstudied include Jorie Graham, Harryette Mullen,Yusef Komunyakaa, and Adrienne Rich. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, one 200-levelliterature course, and junior status or consent.Offered spring even-numbered years.311 Theory and Criticism (4) WA survey of key debates in the history of literarytheory and criticism from Plato to the present, withan emphasis on contemporary approaches tointerpretation and emerging directions in literarystudies. Students also pursue research emphasizingmethodological preparation for ENG 489, the seniorEnglish project. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a gradeof C or higher and junior/senior status or consent.Offered each fall.314 The English Language (4) WA study of the English language from its origins tothe present. Includes discussion of recent trends,dialect variation, and social and political issuesrelating to English today. Students write severalpapers, including an original research study on a topicof interest. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher and junior status or consent. Offered springof even-numbered years.315 The Experience of Poetry (4)An intensive introduction to poetry throughexamining the poem’s relationship to universalhuman experiences. Students gain a thoroughunderstanding of the elements of poetry and engagewith literary criticism of poetry. They may alsoexperiment with writing original poetry.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand a literature course designated “T”; secondsemestersophomore status or above recommended.Offered in selected semesters.317 Children’s Literature (4)An introduction to children’s literature thatpresents a wide variety of texts and approaches toliterature. Focuses on appreciating the texts asliterature through the use of literary and culturaltheories. Contemporary and canonical novels andpicture books are discussed. Prerequisites: any “T”course and junior/senior status or consent. Offeredeach spring.318 Adolescent Literature (4) WAn overview of adolescent literature. Literary andcultural theories are used to consider issues ofideology, identity, coming-of-age, gender, censorship,race, class, and ethnicity. Students examine manysocietal attitudes and issues and contemplateadolescence as well as the larger society. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, any “T” courseand junior/senior status or consent. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.319 Feminist and Gender Theory (4) WExamines contemporary arguments about thenature of women and men and the biological, social,and aesthetic categories of male, female, intersex,masculine, feminine, heterosexual, and transgendered.Gender issues are studied in relation to historical andcross-cultural contexts, in relation to Westernwomen’s movements of the 19th and 20th centuries,and in relation to local and global issues affected bythe politics of gender. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher; WGS/SOC 219, WGS 220, orENG 311; or consent. Identical to SOC 319 andWGS 319. Offered spring of even-numbered years.321 Introduction to Linguistics (4)An introduction to the way language works.Includes several main areas of linguistic study:phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax,semantics, and language acquisition, variation, andchange. Students conduct an original research studyon a topic of interest. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher and junior/senior status orconsent. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.327 The British Novel (4) WA study of the British novel from the 18th centuryto the present, with emphasis on its 18th and 19thcentury developments. Considers theories of thenovel in relation to representative texts in theirliterary, historical, social, national, and internationalcontexts. Prerequisites: Any “T” course and juniorstatus or consent. Offered spring of even-numberedyears.333 Hybrid Prose (4) WA study of hybrid forms in fiction. Studentsexamine texts in which formal concerns dominateand in which typical distinctions between fiction andother mediums such as poetry, essay, memoir, and thefine arts, break down. Students write both critical andcreative work that engages hybrid prose. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher and a “T”course or consent. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.

106 ENGLISHENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES107336 Spenser and Milton (4) WA study of England’s two greatest epics, The FaerieQueene and Paradise Lost. Includes discussion of theepic tradition, Christian theology, Renaissancehumanism, the nature of masculinity and femininity,armed combat with dragons, forbidden picnics, andmany others in two of the Western tradition’s mostvaried, inclusive, and interesting works of art.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand junior status or consent. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.342 Peer Tutoring—Writing CenterPeer writing tutors help other students understandtheir writing problems and improve their skills. Theywork three hours per week on an arranged scheduleand are trained, supervised, and evaluated by theDirector of the Writing Center. Prerequisites: juniorstatus, ENG 105 with a grade of B or higher,recommendation of an English faculty member andconsent of the Writing Center director. Offered eachsemester.344 Practicum in Teaching English (2)Selected students work closely with facultymembers in the teaching of ENG 105 and othercourses. Students gain experience in the variousaspects of teaching grammar, composition, andliterature. Prerequisite: consent. Offered on demand.346 Shakespeare I (4) WA study of the principal works of Shakespeare,concentrating on plays in which love, femininity, andthe family are particularly important. Includes eithera required trip to see live plays or a required filmseries. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and sophomore status or consent. Identical toTH 346. Offered each fall.347 Shakespeare II (4) WA study of the principal works of Shakespeare,concentrating on histories and tragedies, especiallyones focusing on issues of masculinity and the state.Includes either a required trip to see live plays or arequired film series. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher and sophomore status orconsent. Identical to TH 347. Offered in selectedsemesters.350 Renaissance DramaExclusive of Shakespeare (4) WA study of the major plays from what would beEngland’s finest period of drama even withoutShakespeare. Among the kinds of plays are heroichistory, humours comedy, domestic melodrama, andrevenge tragedy. Includes such major figures asMarlowe, Jonson, and Webster. Prerequisite:junior/senior status or consent. Offered in selectedsemesters.357 British Romantic Poetry:1785-1850 (4) WExplores British Romantic poetry and itshistorical, political, literary, and philosophicalcontexts, including the contributions of womenwriters. While some attention is given to importantprose works of the period, the main focus of thecourse is on reading, interpreting, and writing aboutRomantic verse. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a gradeof C or higher and a sophomore literature course orconsent. Offered in selected semesters.365 Moderism and the Modern World (4) WA study of how writers on both sides of theAtlantic between 1890 and 1939 used radical literarystyle to respond to the unsettling ways in whichscience, psychology, colonial unrest, sexualrevolution, and world war challenged traditional ideasabout human identity and progress. Authors mayinclude Oscar Wilde, Ezra Pound, James Joyce,Virginia Woolf, Gertrude Stein, T. S. Eliot, NellaLarson, and Djuna Barnes. Prerequisite: a “T” courseor consent. Offered fall of even-numbered years.378 The American Novel (4) WA study of the development of the American novelfrom the mid-19th century to the present day.Explores historical context and theories of the novel.Includes American classics as well as lesser-knownworks. Prerequisite: any “T” course. Offered inselected semesters.385 American Protest Literature (4) WCovers the diverse tradition of American protestliterature, focusing in particular on texts respondingto racial, gender-based, and class-based oppressions.Explores the aesthetic and literary traditions of eachtext, as well as its historical and cultural contexts.Prerequisite: any “T” course. Offered in selectedsemesters.398 Advanced Poetry Writing WWorkshop (4)Advanced workshop with discussion of students’poems and the poetry and poetics of establishedauthors; emphasizes craft, the creative process, andaesthetic evaluation of discussed works. Studentscomplete a sequence of thematically related poems inaddition to other assignments. Non-majors welcome.May be repeated twice for credit. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher, a 200-level literaturecourse, and junior status or consent. Offered eachspring.399 Advanced Fiction Writing (4)An advanced-level workshop in the writing offiction with class discussions of student work as wellas the work of established authors. Students work ona collection of short stories with an aim towardspublication. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: ENG 299or consent. Offered fall of even-numbered years.410 Environmental Writings (4) I,WA study of the important environmental writingsand how they have shaped our understanding of therelationship between humans and nature.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand junior/senior status. Identical to ENVS 410.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.472 Senior Integrative Seminar (4) I,WAn in-depth study of some aspect of literature orliterary theory. This course is an S.I.E., so the topicand its treatment have a strong interdisciplinarycomponent. May be repeated as the topic varies.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand junior status or consent. Offered intermittently.483 English Internship (4)A required part of the Professional Writing trackand optional for all other English majors. Providespractical field experience at a professional settingrelated to the student’s individual interests.Prerequisite: 20 hours of English or consent. Offeredon demand.489 Senior Thesis Workshop (4) WWriting workshop in which students present theresults of their independent research for a capstoneproject on a topic of their choice, which may alsoincorporate service learning and field work. Maysatisfy four hours of the Latin honors researchrequirement.ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIESDR. STEVEN M. EMMANUEL (Philosophy)DR. WILLIAM A. GIBSON (Political Science)DR. J. CHRISTOPHER HALEY (Earth andEnvironmental Sciences)DR. LAWRENCE D. HULTGREN (Philosophy)DR. MAYNARD H. SCHAUS (Biology)DR. JOSH A. WEINSTEIN (English),Program CoordinatorThe environmental studies major is designed toteach students how to understand their physical andsocial environments as the intersection of a variety ofoverlapping forces, including constraints of biologyand climate, as well as the influence of law and publicpolicy, literature and philosophy. The major preparesstudents for a variety of careers in such diverse fieldsas law, public policy, scientific research, environmentalliterature, and teaching. As the major draws uponcourses from across all three academic divisions of thecollege, the skills and knowledge imparted to studentsare correspondingly broad, yet centered around anabiding concern with the environment.In addition to practicing scientific, social science,and humanities approaches to the study of theenvironment, students will learn to understand theinterrelationships among science, society, technology,culture, and nature. Through an interdisciplinaryapproach, the major prepares students to recognizeand address such challenges as resource depletion,habitat loss, environmental degradation, pollution,and loss of biodiversity, with the ultimate goal offostering a sustainable human society.Major Requirements: Environmental StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ENVS 106Humans and the EnvironmentMBE 201Introductory MacroeconomicsMBE 202Introductory Microeconomics24PHIL/ENVS 304Environmental EthicsPOLS/ENVS 326Environmental Policy AnalysisENG/ENVS 410Environmental WritingsTwo of the following:BIO 131, 250; EES 130, 132, 200, 8210, EES 250, EES 270Two of the following:BIO 316, 355, 375, 445, 475, 482,8489; EES 300, 320, 330, 340, 410,450, 489One of the following:PHIL 372, POLS 373, 434, 4ENVS 470, ENG/ENVS 306TOTAL 44

108 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIESFOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES109Minor Requirements: Environmental StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.Three of the following:ENVS 106Humans and the EnvironmentPHIL/ENVS 304Environmental EthicsENG/ENVS 306 12EcopoetryPOLS/ENVS 326Environmental Policy AnalysisENG/ENVS 410Environmental WritingsOne of the following:BIO 131, 250; EES 130, 132, 200, 4210, 250, 270One of the following:BIO 316, 320, 355, 375, 445, 475,4489; EES 300, 320, 330, 340, 410,450, 489TOTAL 20ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIESCOURSES (ENVS)106 Humans and the Environment (4) SExamines environmental issues and theirinteractions with our society. Topics include culturalties to the environment, food production, urbanplanning, biodiversity, and society’s energy and waterrequirements. Although the course emphasis is asocial systems perspective, environmental issuesnecessitate an interdisciplinary approach. Offered ondemand.304 Environmental Ethics (4) VFrom ancient Sumer to the present, ecologicalrealities have required human beings to reflect ontheir values and their responsibilities to nature.Students examine the relevance of philosophy toenvironmental questions and, in particular, explorethe connection between the environment and ethics.Identical to PHIL 304.306 Ecopoetry (4) WAn in-depth exploration of the various ways inwhich contemporary poets and critics seek tounderstand past and present poetries as negotiatingthe often porous boundaries between the human andnonhuman in our experiences of the world.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand any “T” course or consent. Identical to ENG306. Offered in selected semesters.326 Environmental Policy Analysis (4) S,WExamines environmental politics and policy bystudying a set of substantive environmental policyissues to establish the issue context, define the policyproblems, and evaluate alternative solutions. Identicalto POLS 326. Offered each semester.410 Environmental Writings (4) I,WA study of the important environmental writingsand how they have shaped our understanding of therelationship between humans and nature.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand junior/senior status. Identical to ENG 410.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.470 Internship in EnvironmentalStudies (2 or 4)An intensive study of the environment throughon-site field experience. Placements involve hands-onexperiences such as education, grassroots activism,public policy, and habitat management. Students mayenroll for 2 or 4 semester hours in a given semester. Aminimum of 80 hours devoted to the internship isexpected for 2 semester hours, and a minimum of 160hours is expected for 4 semester hours, but someplacements may require more time. Students mustcoordinate their internship placement with thesupervising faculty member at least two months priorto placement. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisites:junior/senior status and consent. Offered eachsemester and most Winter Sessions (2 semester hoursonly).FIRST-YEAR EXPERIENCEMS. DENISE POCTA WILKINSON,Program CoordinatorIn addition to inviting students to pursue a majorfield of interest, a liberal arts education emphasizesthe pursuit of broad knowledge and intellectual andimaginative capacities that enable students toapproach any challenging issue with analyticalprecision, creative vision, and ethical and civicresponsibility.The First-Year Experience at Virginia Wesleyaninitiates students into a community of learners.Through summer and fall orientation programs,students learn the ropes of residential and campus lifeand are introduced to the college’s academicprograms. Through the one-semester hour seminar,students work closely with a faculty member, peeradvisors, and a small cohort of other new students tolearn what it means to pursue a liberal arts education,connect to the college community, and buildacademic resourcefulness that will foster learningthroughout their college years.FIRST-YEAR EXPERIENCECOURSES (FYE)101 First-Year Experience (1)Designed to help students engage and succeedboth academically and socially in the VirginiaWesleyan community. Led by a faculty mentor, asmall, close-knit group of new students engage in anarray of activities and exercises that invite them toexplore the nature of liberal education, connect to thecampus community, and develop the personalresourcefulness that leads to college success. Requiredof freshman and transfer students entering with fewerthan 12 semester hours. Offered each fall. Please seepage 46 for further clarification.401 Peer Advising (1)A leadership experience allowing experiencedstudents to serve as mentors and teaching support forFYE 101. Does not fulfill any requirements for Latinhonors. Prerequisites: sophomore status and consent.Offered each fall.FOREIGN LANGUAGESAND LITERATURESDR. ALAIN GABONDR. DIANA E. RISK, Program CoordinatorDR. MAVEL Z. VELASCODR. SUSAN M. WANSINKVirginia Wesleyan’s programs in French Studies,German Studies, and Hispanic Studies are designedto prepare students for meaningful international andintercultural exchange in a competitive, globalizedworld. In keeping with the college’s commitment to aliberal arts education, students pursuing one of thesemajors will acquire a multidisciplinary andcomprehensive understanding of the target culture,its language, and its impact on the world at large.Each major provides communication skills in aforeign language and a strong knowledge base thatwill support a career in business, communications,political science, journalism, criminal justice,education, law, and many others.Major Requirements: French StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.FR 307Topics in Advanced Conversation 4and CompositionFR 327France Today4FR 328French History I:Vercingétorix-RevolutionFR 329OR 4French History II: Revolution-World War IIFR 334Introduction to French Cinema4FR 335Masterpieces of French Literature4FR 3xxStudy Abroad4French elective at the300/400 level4FR 443Senior Seminar4TOTAL 32Major Requirements: German StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.GER 307Topics in Advanced German 4Conversation and CompositionSee continuation of choices next page

110 FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURESChart continued from previous pageSix of the following:GER 307Topics in Advanced GermanConversation and Composition(repeated with a different topic)GER 317Great German ThinkersGER 318Great German WritersGER 329Modern German Literature 24GER 340German Cinema: Art and PoliticsGER 344/444Modern Germany through the CinemaGER 3xxTopics in German StudiesGER 430The German ComedyGER 471Practicum in the Teaching of GermanGER 3xx4Study Abroad (at the Goethe Institut)TOTAL 32Major Requirements: Hispanic StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.SPAN 307Topics in Advanced Conversation 4and CompositionSix of the following:SPAN 307Topics in Advanced Conversationand Composition (repeated with adifferent topic)SPAN 312Survey of Spanish Literature:Latin AmericaSPAN 316Studies in Hispanic PoetrySPAN 317Civilization of SpainSPAN 318Civilization of Latin AmericaSPAN 320Comparative Politics: Latin AmericaSPAN 321Political Writings of Latin AmericaSPAN 329Latin America through the Cinema 24SPAN 333Commercial SpanishSPAN 345Seminar in Spanish LiteratureSPAN 350Hispanic American Women WritersSPAN 360The Latin American Short StorySPAN 365U.S. Latino CultureSPAN 375Topics in Mexican Culture and HistorySPAN 380Analysis of the Spanish LanguageSPAN 420The Latin American NovelSPAN 471Practicum in the Teaching of SpanishSPAN 3xxStudy AbroadMajor Requirements: Latin4TOTAL 32(See Classics for Latin major and courses.)Minor Requirements: French StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.FR 307Topics in Advanced Conversation 4and CompositionElective at 300/400 level 4One course in French history 4One course in French Literature 4One course in French Cinema 4One course in contemporary Frenchsociety and civilization4TOTAL 24Minor Requirements: German StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEFOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURESSEM.HRS.GER 307Topics in Advanced Conversation 4and CompositionFive of the following:GER 307Topics in Advanced Conversationand Composition (may be repeatedas topics vary)GER 317Great German ThinkersGER 318Great German WritersGER 329Modern German Literature 20GER 340German Cinema: Art and PoliticsGER 344/444Modern Germany through the CinemaGER 350Topics in German StudiesGER 430The German ComedyGER 471Practicum in the Teaching of GermanStrongly encouraged:GER 3xxStudy Abroad (at the Goethe Institut)TOTAL 24Minor Requirements: Hispanic StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.SPAN 307Topics in Advanced Conversationand Composition 4(Taught in Spanish and can be takenmore than once for credit.)Five of the following:SPAN 307 (second iteration only)Topics in Advanced Conversationand CompositionSPAN 312Survey of Latin American LiteratureSPAN 313Seminar In Hispanic CulturesSPAN 316Studies In Hispanic PoetrySPAN 317Civilization of SpainSPAN 318Civilization of Spanish Peoples II: 20Latin AmericaSPAN 321Political Writings of Latin AmericaSPAN 329Latin America through the CinemaSPAN 333Commercial SpanishSPAN 345Seminar In Spanish LiteratureSPAN 350Hispanic American Women WritersSPAN 355Myths, Rituals, and Reality In theHispanic Syncretic ImaginationSPAN 365U.S. Latino cultureStrongly encouraged:GER 3xxStudy AbroadFRENCH STUDIESTOTAL 24111The French Studies major aims to develop in itsstudents the skills, knowledge, attitudes, and valuesnecessary for living and working in a French-speakingsociety with little or no dependence on English.Students attain language skills at the high-advancedlevel, as well as knowledge of French history,literature, and the arts, including cinema. Courses aredesigned to help students understand contemporaryFrench culture as compared to their own and deepentheir appreciation of these differences. The major alsoprepares students for meaningful exchange in anincreasingly complex, globalized, transnational, andmulticultural world where interaction with non-English speaking people has become not justdesirable, but unavoidable and where liberal artsgraduates should have a sense of enlightenedunderstanding of, appreciation for, and solidaritywith other countries, nations, and peoples. The major

112 FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURESFOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES113prepares students for careers in education, diplomacy,business, communications, political science, andjournalism, and for graduate study.FRENCH STUDIES COURSES (FR)111 Beginning French I (4)An introduction to French as a spoken andwritten language. Emphasizes the development oforal and written skills and cultural awareness. Fourclasses each week. Offered each year.112 Beginning French II (4)An introduction to French as a spoken andwritten language. Emphasizes the development oforal and written skills and cultural awareness.Prerequisite: FR 111 with a grade of C or higher orproficiency as determined by the instructor. Fiveclasses each week. Offered each year.213 Intermediate French (4)Develops speaking and writing proficiencythrough active learning and intensive practice.Prerequisite: FR 112 or equivalent. Fulfills the foreignlanguage requirement. Offered each fall.307 Topics in Advanced Conversationand Composition (4)Designed to help students reach advancedproficiency while offering an introduction to Frenchsociety today, French history, the arts, and more. Maybe repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FR 213 orequivalent or consent. Offered each year.327 France Today (4)Offers a thorough examination of France and theFrench today starting with the students/workers’revolution of May 1968 and the post-May ’68contemporary France. Covers the social, political,economic, and cultural aspects of France today;artistic productions, and the patterns, structures, andon-going mutations of everyday life in France, as wellas the lifestyles, values, and worldviews of the Frenchtoday. Taught in English with reading and writing inFrench for French majors and minors. Offered ondemand.328 French History I:Vercingétorix-Revolution (4)HIntroduces students to the history of France fromthe Celtic Gauls to the Revolution of 1789. Taught inEnglish with work in French for majors and minors.Offered in selected semesters.329 French History II:Revolution-World War II (4)HCovers French history from the 1789 Revolutionto World War II. Taught in English with work inFrench for majors and minors. Offered in selectedsemesters.334 Introduction to French Cinema (4) AIntroduces students to French cinema from itsorigins to the present, beginning with the birth of themotion picture in France, then exploring severalsignificant film movements, including major directorsand seminal films associated with them. Poeticrealism, the New Wave, the heritage film, beurcinema, contemporary blockbusters, and more areexamined. Taught in English, with 300-level languagecoursework for French majors and minors. Offeredon demand.335 Masterpieces of FrenchLiterature (4)WIntroduces students to French literature from itsorigins to the present day through a representativesample of authors and literary masterpieces.Emphasizes modernist literature from Baudelaire toMarguerite Duras. Taught in English, with 300-levellanguage work in the French language for Frenchmajors and minors. Prerequisite: FR 307 or consent.Offered alternate years.443 Senior Seminar (4) I,WStudies the life and work of a major writer andits history, literature and philosophical trends.Prerequisite: FR 314 or 316, or consent. Offered ondemand.GERMAN STUDIESAs the economic backbone of Europe still today,Germany continues to exert a profound influencein the European arena. The German Studiesmajor introduces and explores the culture ofGerman-speaking countries, with an emphasis oncontemporary issues. The major offers anintellectually diverse program, which explores thesocial and political background of the culture throughlanguage, cultural and intellectual history, as well asvisual culture and literature. The major preparesstudents for careers in education, business,communications, government, and many other fields,as well as for graduate study.GERMAN STUDIES COURSES(GER)111 Beginning German I (4)An introduction to the German language andculture. Special attention is given to cultural aspects.Emphasizes the development of basic listening,speaking, reading, and writing skills. Audiovisualmaterials supplement the program. Prerequisite: noprevious instruction in German. Offered each year.112 Beginning German II (4)An introduction to the German language andculture. Special attention is given to cultural aspects.Emphasizes is placed on the development of basiclistening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.Audiovisual materials supplement the program.Prerequisite: A grade of C or higher in GER 111 orproficiency as determined by the instructor. Offeredeach year.205/305 The Short Prose of Kafka (4) V,W*Examines the short prose of Franz Kafka and itsrelevance in both literature and film today. Studentssearch for common themes and interpretation inselected works. Taught in English. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions. *GER 205: (V); GER 305 (V,W).213 Intermediate German (4)Continues the instruction of German as a spokenand written language. Extensive oral-aural practice isundertaken in the daily classroom conversation andprepares the student for travel or study abroad.Required lab. Prerequisite: GER 112 or equivalent.Offered each fall.240/340 German Cinema:Art and Politics (4)A,W*From early silent films, through the time of Hitler,to the present, German cinema has reflected thechallenges and tensions involved when art is shapedby politics. By looking at German film in general—and at the Weimar and New German Cinema inparticular—this course focuses on the aesthetics,history, and politics of German cinema. Taught inEnglish. Movies are screened outside of class. *GER240: (A); GER 340 (A,W).244 German Women Filmmakers:The Search for Identity (4)AIntroduces students to the contributions ofleading German woman filmmakers. Focuses onfilmic innovation and perceptions of women, andspecifically on how issues of identity—national,religious, and gender—have been represented by suchdirectors as Doris Dorrie, Caroline Link, andMargarethe von Trotta. Taught in English. Offered inselected Winter Sessions.307 Topics in Advanced GermanConversation and Composition (4) WSelected topics approach German conversationand composition from various perspectives. For thestudent who wants to acquire skill in practicalconversation and writing. Strongly recommended forthose who wish to travel abroad or take upper-levelGerman literature courses. May be repeated for creditas topic varies. Prerequisite: GER 213 or equivalent.317 Great German Thinkers (4) HGives the student a well-rounded knowledge ofGermany, its people, history, philosophy, literature,and arts from the times of Germanic tribes to thepresent. Offered on demand.318 Great German Writers (4)Provides an overview of literary history ofGermany in terms of movements, genres, authors,etc., against the background of German life as awhole. Offered in selected semesters.329 Modern German Literature (4)A careful reading and discussion of contemporaryGerman plays, novels, and short stories. Authors mayinclude Christa Wolf, Max Frisch, Günther Grass andHeinrich Böll, Bernhard Schlink, and Herta Miller.Offered in selected semesters.344/444 From Hitler to Today:Modern Germany Throughthe Cinema (4)H,I*Focuses on the history, politics, society, and theculture of Germany in the years between the rise topower of Adolf Hitler (1933) and the present.Prerequisite for GER 344: none; for GER 444: juniorstatus or consent. Offered in selected semesters.*GER 344: (H); GER 444: (I).430 The German Comedy (4)A history and study of the German comedy.Representative readings from Lessing, Kleist, Tieck,Grabbe, Hauptmann, and Sternheim. Offered inselected semesters.471 Practicum in the Teaching of German (4)Students study various methods for teaching ofgrammar, writing, and speaking in German. Theyalso serve as assistants and tutors in GER 111, 112,and 213. Prerequisites: GER 307 or the ability to usethe German language effectively, and consent.Offered each year.

114 FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURESFOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES115HISPANIC STUDIES COURSES(SPAN)The program in Hispanic Studies is designed toprepare students for participation and interculturalexchange at the local, national, and internationallevels. In keeping with the college’s liberal artstradition, and in view of today’s global demands,majors develop proficiency in the Spanish language ata professional level, along with a rich andcomprehensive understanding of Hispanic culture,origins and history, and their impact on our nationand the world. A major in Hispanic studies providescompetitive communication skills in Spanish and astrong knowledge base that can support a career inbusiness, education, communications, politicalscience, journalism, criminal justice, law, and manyother fields.100/200/300 Spanish Study Abroad (1-6)Students study Spanish and live with Mexicanfamilies in a beautiful, historically rich city during athree-week stay in Puebla, Mexico. Students attendclasses daily from 9 a.m. to noon and then return totheir families for meals, excursions, and activities.Visits to all sites of cultural interest in and aroundPuebla, as well as weekend excursions to Veracruz,Oaxaca, and Tlaxcala are provided. This is anopportunity for total immersion in the Spanishlanguage, culture, and life. Prerequisite for SPAN200: SPAN 112. Prerequisite for SPAN 300: SPAN213 (proficiency). Offered each summer.104 Beginning Spanish forthe Adult Learner I (4)Designed for students in the Adult StudiesProgram. Prerequisite: admission to the Adult StudiesProgram. No previous instruction in Spanish. Offeredevery year.105 Beginning Spanish forthe Adult Learner II (4)Designed for students in the Adult StudiesProgram. Prerequisites: admission to the AdultStudies Program and SPAN 104 with a grade of C orhigher, or proficiency as determined by instructor.Offered every year.111 Beginning Spanish I (4)An introduction to the Spanish language andculture. Focuses on cultural aspects. Emphasizes thedevelopment of basic listening, speaking, reading, andwriting skills. Audiovisual materials supplement theprogram. Prerequisite: no previous instruction inSpanish. Offered each year.112 Beginning Spanish II (4)An introduction to the Spanish language andculture. Focuses on cultural aspects. Emphasizes thedevelopment of basic listening, speaking, reading, andwriting skills. Audiovisual materials supplement theprogram. Prerequisite: SPAN 111 with a grade of Cor higher or proficiency as determined by theinstructor. Offered each year.213 Intermediate Spanish (4)Development of conversational and writing skillsthrough review of familiar and complex structures,and extensive oral-aural practice. Students attainfluency at a secondary level and the ability to interpretwritten material adequate for the level. The coursealso looks at general aspects of the Spanish-speakingworld relevant to the understanding of its culture.Prerequisite: SPAN 112 with a grade of C or higher.Corequisite: consent determined by placement orother type of evaluation tool.265/365 U.S. Latino Culture (4) SStudies the Latino phenomenon in the U.S. aspeculiar to a diaspora strongly united by language andadherence to a common cultural legacy. Studentsexamine the circumstances causing the migration ofspecific groups entering the U.S. Emphasizes socialissues such as labor, health, education, diversitywithin the Latino community, the acculturationprocess, and the overall impact of the Latino minorityin U.S. society today. Prerequisite for SPAN 265:consent. Prerequisite for SPAN 365: SPAN 213 orconsent. Offered fall of even-numbered years. SPAN365:(S).270/370 Latin American Musicand Dance (4)ACovers the history of dance beginning in ancientEurope and the Middle East and ends with thehistory of dance in Latin America, particularly that ofthe development of dance in the Hispanic society.Also studies the importance of Latin music and dancein Latin America and the U.S. In the practical portionof this course, students have the opportunity to learna variety of Latin dances such as salsa, merengue, andbachata, which have become very popular incontemporary American society. This course is taughtin English and does not fulfill the Foreign Languagerequirement. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.307 Topics in AdvancedConversation and Composition (4) WEmphasizes reading for comprehension and thearticulation of ideas in Spanish. An introduction toSpanish Civilization and Culture through the analysisand discussion of carefully chosen publicationswritten by Latin American and Peninsular writers.Can be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisite:SPAN 213 or consent.312 Survey of Latin American Literature (4)The most important works of Spanish Americanprose, poetry and essay from the Conquest to thepresent are studied against the cultural background.Introduces students to Latin American civilization aswell as the literature. Prerequisite: SPAN 307. Offeredalternate years or on demand.313 Seminar in Hispanic Cultures (4)A travel course focusing on the contrastingdiversity and unifying elements of the Spanishspeakingworld. Topic varies depending on the chosendestination. Students visit museums, historicallandmarks, and important cultural and natural sitesto examine the historical, ethnic, and geographicfeatures that make Hispanic societies distinctive. Maybe repeated for credit as assignments and/or itineraryvaries. Satisfies the study abroad requirement in theSpanish major. Prerequisite: consent. Offered inselected Winter and Summers Sessions.316 Studies in Hispanic Poetry (4)Studies representative poets, periods, and poetictraditions and styles of Spain and Spanish America.Critical analyses of the texts in their original form iscomplemented with discussion of the author’s workin translation. Prerequisite: SPAN 213. Offered inrotation.317 Civilization of Spain (4) WStudies the history of Spain and its rich culturallegacy. Students become familiar with the mosttranscendental events in this nation’s past. Focuses ondistinct artists and their work, iconic figures,traditions, and popular trends that have had animpact in and outside Spain’s national borders.Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 213recommended. Offered in rotation.318 Civilization of Latin America (4)Students learn about Latin American countries,their people, and their civilizations through the studyof major works of literature, art and music. Ideaspresented in class are reinforced through films, slidepresentations, and guest speakers. Prerequisite: SPAN306 or consent. Offered alternate years.321 Political Writings of Latin America (4)Focuses on readings from the political writings ofselected Latin American thinkers. Students analyzewritings that range in time from the SpanishConquest to the present, providing a historicaloverview of the development of the political thoughtin Latin America. Offered each fall.329 Latin America through the Cinema (4) AAnalyzes a selection of Latin American featurefilms and documentaries in order to understand thepolitical, social, and economic conditions thatcharacterize this region. Students explore theconstitution of national identities, questions ofideology, class, race, ethnicity, and gender. Theyaddress the conditions of film production in light ofglobalization and Hollywood’s competition and useof film as a tool for social change. Films are screenedoutside of class. Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite:SPAN 307 recommended. Offered intermittently.333 Commercial Spanish (4)Designed for students and professionals who wishto learn Spanish for use in a practical businesscontext. Prerequisite: SPAN 212 or equivalent orconsent.345 Seminar in Spanish Literature (4)Focuses on specific topics of Spanish literatureto offer students the opportunity of in-depthexamination. Students are encouraged to explore thetopics comparatively and through other forms ofcultural and artistic productions such as theatre andfilm. Offered in rotation.350 Hispanic American Women Writers (4)An overview of the history of Hispanic Americanwomen writers from the Colonial period to thepresent. Includes an analysis of key economic, social,and political conditions in the development of theirwriting. Poetry, short story and the novel areincluded. Prerequisite: SPAN 307 or consent. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.355 Myths, Rituals, and Reality in theHispanic Syncretic Imagination (4) SExamines the Hispanic culture throughideological notions, myths, iconic figures, traditions,and religious manifestations such as rituals.Discussion centers on the key issues that have resultedfrom the meeting of the two worlds and adaptation ofthe American first nations to the transformativereality of colonialism. (Includes travel componentwhen taught during summer or Winter Sessions.)Prerequisite: consent for travel. Offered on demand.360 The Latin American Short Story (4)The Latin American short story is one of therichest manifestations of contemporary LatinAmerican narrative. A study of its evolution from theorigins to the present, paying close attention to theprincipal literary, social and political movements thatproduced those stories: Romanticism, Realism,Naturalism, Regionalism, Existentialism, the Boom,the post-Boom and Feminism, among others.Prerequisite: SPAN 307.

116 FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURESHISTORY117375 Topics in Mexican Cultureand History (4)A multidisciplinary approach to Mexico and itsdiaspora throughout history based on discussion ofspecific issues. Students examine specific topics thatdefine Mexican culture using a selection of fictionaland non-fictional literary pieces and other forms ofcultural and artistic expression. Offered each spring.420 The Latin American Novel (4)A study of the development of the Latin Americannovel from the 19th century to the present. Examinestheme, form, style, and technique; the historical andsocial context and Latin American women as authorsand as characters. Prerequisite: SPAN 307. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.471 Practicum in the Teaching of Spanish (4)Students learn various methods for the teaching ofgrammar, writing, and speaking in Spanish. They alsoserve as assistants and tutors in SPAN 111, 112, and213. Prerequisite: SPAN 307 (or the capability ofusing the Spanish language effectively) and consent.Offered each year.LATIN COURSES (LATN)(See Classics for Latin courses and major.)GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY COURSES (GEOG)111 Physical Geography (4)A study of the physical earth with an emphasis onthe processes of planetary composition, planetarymotion, the atmosphere, water, plate tectonics,glaciers, landforms, and other major topics.Environmental issues provide applications to currentevents and conditions. Basic location identificationserves as a foundation for atlas and general thematicmap usage. Offered each semester.112 Cultural Geography (4) SThe study of how geography affects culture andhow culture affects geography. This course is regionalin its approach and explores the reciprocalrelationship of the earth and its inhabitants and howthey affect each other. Urban, cultural, medical,historical, and economic themes provide the focus forregional applications. Basic map skills and locationidentification serve as a foundation for atlas andgeneral thematic map usage. Offered each spring andsummer.113 Human Geography (4) SProvides a synthesis of physical and culturalgeographic concepts by developing an understandingof the relationship of the physical world to thecultural through three units: The Physical World,Cultural and Physical Interaction, and AppliedCultural and Physical Processes. Explores the use ofmaps and other geographic representations, the studyof physical processes, the characteristics anddistribution of ecosystems, the relationship betweenhuman activity and the physical environment, theexamination of cultural patterns and networks, andthe impact of political forces on physical resources.Offered each spring or summer.HISTORYDR. RICHARD E. BONDDR. KATHLEEN B. CASEYDR. CLAYTON J. DREESDR. DANIEL S. MARGOLIES, Program CoordinatorDR. SARA A. SEWELLCourse offerings in history are intended tofamiliarize students with both the American andWestern heritage, as well as with some aspects of thehistory of the non-Western world. The study ofhistory is presented as a means of integrating collegeexperiences and developing certain perceptual andanalytical skills. Students are exposed to a broad rangeof modern historical methodologies, makingconnections between history and many otheracademic disciplines. The study of history is aimed atstudents who are motivated by diverse goals. It offersexcellent preparation for careers in law, civil service,journalism, business, foreign service, museum work,and archives, and for graduate study, including lawschool.The History Department offers a major in historyand one in history and social science. The historymajor offers students a broad choice of courses thatemphasize high-level analytical skills and historicalinquiry. It introduces students to a wide range ofmethodologies, including oral history, intellectualhistory, social history, cultural history, and genderhistory. The major requirements, although flexible,are designed to ensure that all students will gain someknowledge of both U.S. and non-U.S. history beyondthe introductory level. They also ensure that everystudent majoring in history will confront a diversityof historical interpretations and practice designingand conducting historical research.The history and social science major is designedfor students who plan to teach history and/or socialstudies at the secondary level. It meets all contentrequirements for teacher certification in social studiesin Virginia. In addition to history, areas of studyinclude government, civics, international studies,economics, and geography. This major alsoemphasizes historical interpretation and offersstudents opportunities to pursue independenthistorical research.Major Requirements: HistoryCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.Three history courses at the100/200 level* 12Five history courses at the 300/400 level* 20HIST 260Introduction to Historiography4HIST 360Junior Research Seminar4HIST 460Senior Thesis Seminar4TOTAL 44*These courses should include at least two in U.S.history and one in non-Western history. At least twoof the courses should carry a “W” General Studiesdesignation.Major Requirements:History and Social ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.HIST 111World History to A.D. 16008HIST 112World History: The Modern EraHIST 113History of U.S. to 1877HIST 114History of U.S. Since 1877 4ORHIST 116History of the U.S.HIST 2604Introduction to HistoriographyFour history courses at the 300/400level, including two in U.S. history, two16in non-U.S. history, and at least oneW course that requires a research paperGEOG 1134Human GeographyMBE 2014Introductory MacroeconomicsPOLS 3354American GovernmentOne of the following:POLS 103, 206, 210, 217/317,220/320, 238/338, 250, 321, 334,344, 345, 348, 350Minor Requirements: HistoryCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE4TOTAL 48SEM.HRS.Two courses in U.S. history 8Two courses in non-U.S. history 8One history course in any area 4TOTAL 20The courses must include at least one writing (W)course in history. Three history courses must be atthe 200 level or above, and at least two must be atthe 300 level or above.HISTORY COURSES (HIST)111 World History to A.D. 1600 (4)A study of selected topics in history from theemergence of early cultures to the 16th century.Emphasizes the variety of human societies and theways in which Old World societies influenced oneanother. Prerequisite: freshman/sophomore status orconsent. Offered each fall.112 World History: The Modern Era (4)Explores world history since 1600, focusing onintercultural exploration and appreciation. Examinesmany critical political events in world history,including the two world wars. Students also learnabout key historical trends such as the waning oftraditional societies, industrialization, Marxism,nationalism, and imperialism. Significant attention isdevoted to studying cultural developments, especiallyhow ordinary people experienced major historicalevents. Prerequisite: freshman/sophomore status orconsent. Offered each spring.113 History of the U.S. to 1877 (2)A brief survey of the first half of American history,from early Native American history to Reconstruction.Designed for students who need only one half of theAmerican history survey to fulfill a graduationrequirement. Students may not take both HIST 113and 116 for credit. Offered on demand.

118 HISTORYHISTORY119114 History of the U.S. Since 1877 (2)A brief survey of the second half of Americanhistory, from Reconstruction up to the present.Designed for students who need only one half of theAmerican survey to fulfill a graduation requirement.Students cannot take both HIST 114 and 116 forcredit. Offered on demand.116 History of the United States (4)A survey of the history of the United States fromapproximately 1400 to the present. Examines themajor political, social, cultural, intellectual, religious,and economic trends over the course of the nation’shistory. Designed primarily to fulfill state competencyrequirements for prospective teachers. Offered eachsemester.219 Topics in Asian History (4) HAn examination of selected topics in the history ofAsia that varies from year to year and focuses on suchareas as China, Japan, India, and the Near East. Maybe repeated for credit as designated topics change.Offered spring of odd-numbered years or ondemand.220 The Civil War and Reconstruction (4) HExamines the causes, experience, significance, andlasting legacies of the Civil War and Reconstruction.Topics include the ongoing crisis of sectionalism andnationalism, the political, ideological, and moralconflict over slavery, the impact of expansionism, theideological development of a revolutionary South,and the impact of the war on national politics,culture, and memory. Heavy emphasis is given to thewar itself: the battles, leaders, common soldiers,tactics, diplomacy and economics of this greatconflict. Finally, students explore the mixed results ofthis war for the victorious North, the defeated South,and the restored nation during Reconstruction andbeyond. Offered spring of even-numbered years.248 Medieval Islamic World (4) VAn honors course in the history, religion, andculture of the Islamic Near East, Spain, Africanempires and Swahili Coast, the Ottoman Empire andMogul India from Mohammed the Prophet to the17th century. Prerequisite: Membership in theHonors and Scholars program or consent. Offered ondemand.250 Topics in American History (4) HApplies skills in historical analysis to a variety ofgeographical, chronological, cultural, social, andpolitical topics. Students learn how societies changeover time, analyzing primary documents in theirhistorical context and developing independentarguments based on primary sources. Requires an8-10 page paper based on primary source evidence.Topics for HIST 250 sections are available from theHistory Department before registration begins eachsemester. May be repeated for credit as topics change.Prerequisite/corequisite: ENG 105. Prerequisite forWinter Session: successful completion of ENG 105with a grade of C or higher.251 Topics in European History (4) HApplies skills in historical analysis to a variety ofgeographical, chronological, cultural, social, andpolitical subjects. Students learn how societies changeover time, analyzing primary documents in theirhistorical context and developing independentarguments based on primary sources. Requires an8-10 page paper based on primary source evidence.May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Topics anddescriptions are available from the HistoryDepartment before registration begins each semester.Prerequisite/corequisite: ENG 105. Prerequisite forWinter Session: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered each semester and in selectedWinter Sessions.252 Topics in Non-Western History (4) HApplies skills in historical analysis to a variety ofgeographical, chronological, cultural, social, andpolitical subjects. Students learn how societies changeover time, analyzing primary documents in theirhistorical context and developing independentarguments based on primary sources. Requires an8-10 page paper based on primary source evidence.May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Topics anddescriptions are available from the HistoryDepartment before registration begins each semester.Prerequisite/corequisite: ENG 105. Prerequisite forWinter Session: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher. Offered each semester and in selectedWinter Sessions.260 Introduction to Historiography (4)Students analyze the differing schools that havedeveloped around various historical questions andlearn how to enter into historical debates by engagingother historians. They also are exposed to some of themost important methodologies in the discipline ofhistory. Prerequisite: a declared major in history,history and social science, or history minor. Offeredeach spring.262 Seminar in the Historyof European Cities (4)Investigates the history of various European cities,including Berlin, Paris, London, Vienna, and Prague.Focuses on the history of art, architecture, cityplanning, and public spaces. Through walking tours,visits to museums and key landmarks, and musicalperformances, students investigate the historicaldevelopments of the cities, especially the conflictsradiating from the construction and destruction ofthe urban landscape. Begins at VWC with anon-campus component in which students prepare foran on-site study of the city. This study is followedby travel to the destination. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions.286 Banned Books (4)An interdisciplinary exploration of banned books;the legal battles in U.S. history that created,supported, and ended censorship; and the literary,legal, aesthetic, and socio-political contexts thatinfluenced both the artists and the changingconceptions of obscenity that marked their works ascontroversial. Students may not also receive credit forENG 286. Offered in selected Winter Sessions andspring semesters.303 17th- and 18th-Century America (4) WA study of the social, cultural, religious, anddemographic changes that took place over twocenturies in early American history. Topics studiedinclude Native American life; encounters betweenwhites and Indians; the political, economic, andsocial formation of the colonies; free and enslavedblack life; African, European, and American culturaldevelopment; and religion, among others. Offered fallof even-numbered years.306 Seminar in Asian History (4) HAn intensive overview of Mongolian political,economic, social, and cultural history from the rise ofChingghis Khan’s global empire through the collapseof Communism. Focuses on empire, warfare,revolution, and national consolidation. Includesconsideration of intangible cultural heritage andtraditional music and dance. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.313 19th-Century America (4) HAn intensive exploration of major themes, events,and individuals in United States history betweenThomas Jefferson’s presidency and the Spanish-American War. Topics include territorial andgovernmental expansion, the politics of slavery andfreedom, the Civil War and its aftermath, theindustrial revolution, urbanization, imperialadventurism, and other transformations that markedthis tumultuous and fascinating time in history.Emphasizes historiographical interpretations of thehistorical changes and their meanings. Prerequisite:sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.314 First and SecondGreat Awakenings (4)H,WA study of the social, cultural, religious, anddemographic causes and consequences of the Firstand Second Great Awakenings. Prerequisites: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher and sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.316 Medieval Europe (4) HA survey of the cultural, religious, political, andeconomic changes that Europe underwent from the“fall” of Rome to the Black Death. Prerequisite:sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered spring ofodd-numbered years.317 History of Virginia (4) HAn exploration of the history of theCommonwealth of Virginia. Topics includePowhatan culture, early colonial life, the origins ofslavery and the construction of race, gentry and slaveculture, the Civil War, and the 20th century. Mayrequire field trips to historic sites. Prerequisite:sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered each fall.319 Early Modern Europe, 1300-1789 (4) WAn investigation of European history during thetransition from medieval to modern forms ofpolitical, cultural, religious, and social dimensions oflife. The course explores the concept “early modern”as it emerged in the Renaissance, Reformation, andEnlightenment movements. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered springof even-numbered years.322 Religion and Social Issuesin American History (4)An interdisciplinary examination of major socialissues in American history such as slavery, racialequality, and the status of women. Explores thereligious influences, background, and context of thesesocial issues which have had a profound effect onAmerican history and continue to reverberate inAmerican society today. Prerequisites: at least 6semester hours in history, religious studies, politicalscience, English, interdisciplinary studies, philosophy,or sociology and junior status or consent. Offered ondemand.323 Tudor England (4) WA detailed introduction to the history of 15thand16th-century England that explores the political,social, economic, religious and intellectual trendsresponsible for the renaissance of culture thatcharacterized the Elizabethan Age. Prerequisite:sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.

120 HISTORYHISTORY121325 Radicalism, Terrorism, andViolence in American History (4) H,WAn examination of dissent, radical politics,terrorism, and political violence in American historyfrom the colonial era to the present. Examines theimpact and influence of historically important formsof violence, political crime, and state repression onAmerican politics, culture, society, and economy.Other topics include the rise of different radicalpolitical ideologies and parties, mob violence, slaveuprisings, filibusters, lynching, vigilantism, strikes,police and military repression, assassination,terrorism of the left and right, apocalyptic sects, andthe role of violence in producing or forestalling socialchange and reform. Includes discussion of thedifferent theoretical approaches developed byhistorians to explain the meaning of radicalism,terrorism, and violence in American history.Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/senior status. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.328 United States ForeignRelations, 1763-1919 (4)H,WAn examination of the major themes, events,ideas, and consequences of American foreign policyfrom the French and Indian Wars through WoodrowWilson’s attempt to re-shape international relations inthe aftermath of World War I. Emphasizes thestrategic, ideological, economic, sectional, and racialdimensions of U.S. relations with other nations andpeoples, and the connections between foreign anddomestic politics. Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.346 History of South Africa (4) SAn exploration of the South African past, fromearliest settlement by African and European peoplesthrough the British Colonial and Afrikaner unionperiods, to the establishment and dismantling ofapartheid in the 20th century. Prerequisite:sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.347 History of Modern France (4) H,WFocuses on France’s attempts to achieve “liberty,equality, and fraternity,” exploring the history ofFrance from the beginning of the 18th century to thepresent. Examines the various political regimes,beginning with Absolutism under Louis XIV, throughthe series republics and the two Napoleonic empires.Emphasizes the many revolutions that have leftindelible stamps on the history of France. Thepolitical narrative is supplemented by a social analysisof French society, including the history of theworking classes, women, Jews, and immigrants.Examines the cultural milestones in French history, inpopular culture, and in national political symbolism.Prerequisites: successful completion of ENG 105with a grade of C or higher and sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered on demand.348 History of Modern Germany (4) HExplores the meaning of modern Germany sinceits unification as a modern nation-state in 1871.Topics include the political outline of Germanhistory, the social and cultural histories of Germany,German identity, ethnic groups, the Holocaust, andGermany’s national borders. Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.349 Topics in U.S. History (4) HApplies advanced historical exploration of avariety of geographical, temporal, cultural, social, andpolitical subjects in U.S. history. Students focus onunderstanding how societies change over time,analyze primary documents in their historicalcontext, and develop independent arguments basedon analysis of primary sources. Courses may berepeated as topics change. Prerequisite: Successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.350 Topics in European History (4) HApplies advanced historical exploration of avariety of geographical, temporal, cultural, social, andpolitical subjects in European history. Students focuson understanding how societies change over time,analyze primary documents in their historicalcontext, and develop independent arguments basedon analysis of primary sources. Courses may berepeated as topics change. Prerequisite: Successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.351 Topics in World History (4) HApplies advanced historical exploration of avariety of geographical, temporal, cultural, social, andpolitical subjects in world history. Students focus onunderstanding how societies change over time,analyze primary documents in their historicalcontext, and develop independent arguments basedon analysis of primary sources. Courses may berepeated as topics change. Prerequisite: Successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.352 U.S.Women’s History (4) H,WExamines the history of women in the UnitedStates from the colonial period to the present. Focuseson how women’s roles and ideas about femininityhave changed over time in the context of the social,economic, political, and cultural development of theUnited States. Takes account of what Americanwomen have shared, as well as how they have differedacross lines of class, race, ethnicity, and region.Prerequisite: junior/senior status. Offered spring ofeven-numbered years.353 History of Women inEurope Since 1700 (4)H,WExplores the history of women in Europe from the18th century to the present. Focuses on women’s rolesin society, both public and private. Examiningwomen in the spaces they have historically occupied,students probe some of the central questionsconcerning the history of women in Europe: how didsociety define “woman,” and why was she generallyseen as the “other”? How did society constructwomen’s roles, and to what extent did women contesttraditional gender roles? How did industrializationshape women’s lives? To what extent did womenparticipate in political struggle, and how did theirpolitical goals and means of struggle vary from thoseof men? How did contemporaries view the femalebody? Why did some women oppose “emancipation”,as defined by feminists? Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/senior status. Offered fall of even-numberedyears.360 Junior Research Seminar (4) WDesigned to provide history majors with skills forproducing research within the discipline, culminatingthe following fall semester in HIST 460. Studentsbegin the process of designing their research project,produce a historiographical review of their topic, andcraft a research proposal for review and discussion.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,a declared major in history or history and socialscience and sophomore/junior/senior status. Offeredeach spring.380 Dos Passos’ USA (4) HAn intensive exploration of John Dos Passos’ greattrilogy, U.S.A.: The 42nd Parallel: 1919: The BigMoney. Students read and discuss the books, exploreand evaluate Dos Passos’ innovative narrative andexperimental styles, his political agenda and socialcritique, his understanding of the flow of Americanhistory, his enduring appeal, and his great utility tothe student of American history. Using the books as aguide and a lodestar, they construct an understandingof the American experience before, during, and afterthe First World War and gain insight into theconnections between literature and history andbetween art and memory. Offered in selected WinterSessions.381 The South of Erskine Caldwell (4)An intensive reading and discussion seminarwhich explores the tenor of early 20th centurySouthern life and culture through the fiction andnon-fiction works of Erskine Caldwell, a muchoverlookedgenius of American letters. Caldwellstands alongside William Faulkner as one of the twomost important interpreters of life, culture, andsociety in the South during the early 20th century.Covers rural Southern life, the race question in theSouth, radical Georgia politics, social change duringthe Great Depression, and the broader flow of eventsin American history between 1900 and 1945, alongwith other important topics. Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/seniorstatus. Offered in selected WinterSessions.385 Seminar in the History of Socialism,Communism, & Marxism in Europe (4) HExplores the development of socialism in Europefrom the late eighteenth century through today.Examines the theoretical origins of socialism in thelate eighteenth century and the beginning of thenineteenth century. Includes an analysis of Marxismand Communism as developed by Karl Marx andFriedrich Engels in the mid-nineteenth century, aswell as critical socialist thinkers after Marx, includingAugust Bebel, Lenin, Rosa Luxemburg, and GeogLukacs. Includes an analysis of socialist/communistfeminism, aesthetics, literary theory, and homefurnishing. Investigates the historical application ofsocialist theory to the political world from the midnineteenthcentury to the Russian Revolution, to thecollapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe inthe 1990s. Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/seniorstatus. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.415 Comparative Colonial Empires,1500-1800 (4) H,WIntroduces students to the major topics andthemes arising from the innumerable connectionsthat existed between peoples who crisscrossed theAtlantic Ocean between 1500 and 1800. Studentsexamine topics such as encounter, environment,migration, piracy, slavery, and revolution in Africa,Europe, North America, and South America. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.417 History of the Old South (4) HAn intensive study of life, politics, culture,economics, gender, and race in the American Southbetween the Civil War. Topics include life in theAntebellum South; the experience of the frontier,mountain, Tidewater, piedmont, and Gulf Coast; thecomplex relationships among Black, White andNative Americans; the notion of Southern honor; theinterplay of sectionalism, radicalism, Southernnationalism, and expansionism; and the experience ofplantation life for master and slave. Students analyzean array of historiographical interpretations andschools of thought on the history of the Old South.Prerequisite: senior status or consent. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.

122 HISTORYINTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES123418 History of the New South (4) HAn intensive study of life, politics, culture,economics, gender, and the race question in theAmerican South between the end of Reconstructionand the end of World War II. Topics include theshifting legacies of the Civil War and ofReconstruction, the Jim Crow segregation system,New South ideology, and the life and workingexperiences of Southerners. Students analyze an arrayof historiographical interpretations and schools ofthought on the history, meaning, and memory of theNew South. Prerequisites: 3 semester hours in historyand senior status or consent.425 Brother Can You Sparea Paintbrush? The Arts Programsof the New Deal (4)IStudents use the creative projects andadministrative documents available in online archivesto pursue intensive research and analysis of the artsprograms of the Works Progress Administration.They examine the cultural, social, and politicalsignificance of these projects in the context of one ofthe most dynamic and fascinating periods in modernAmerican history. They also create New Deal-styleart, individually and in groups, which is presented tothe campus community at the end of the WinterSession. Prerequisite: senior status. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions.426 European Heresy and theWitch-Hunt (4)I,WAn intensive examination of the varying themesand viewpoints historians grapple with in their studyof religious dissent in Medieval and Early ModernEurope. Includes a formal research paper in a studentledseminar format. Prerequisite: senior status orconsent. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.433 Globalization and Empirein American History (4)ITraces and evaluates the development of systemsof liberalized trade, cultural exchange, communication,and transportation known as globalizationand the related American pursuit of empire andpower in this capitalist world system. Topics includethe legal, administrative, political, ideological,cultural, and military systems and strategies createdover time by policymakers in the United States toshape and dominate an increasingly interconnectedand interdependent world. Students analyze anddissect the different theoretical approaches developedby legal and foreign policy historians to explain themeaning of globalization and empire in Americanhistory. Offered fall of even-numbered years.440 Seminar in American History (4)Intensive study of selected topics that vary fromsemester to semester. May be repeated for credit asdesignated topics change. Prerequisite: senior statusor consent. Offered on demand.450 Seminar in European History (4)Intensive study of selected topics that vary fromsemester to semester. Prerequisite: senior status orconsent. Offered on demand.451 History of the Holocaust (4) IExamines the Holocaust from a variety ofperspectives based on the General Studies Frames ofReference. Topics include the history of anti-Semitism, the emergence of racial ideologies at theend of the 19th century, the conditions thatcontributed to the rise of the Nazi Party, and thememory of the Holocaust. Includes a class projectthat commemorates Kristalnacht on November 9,which develops students’ historical knowledge,communication skills, and aesthetic sensibilities.Prerequisite: consent. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.460 Senior Thesis Seminar (4) WA workshop in which senior history majors applyprevious learning. Each student selects a historicalproblem, develops appropriate research methodology,and carries out the project under faculty supervisionand in close contact with other members of theseminar. Students are encouraged to consider a varietyof approaches to historical investigation, includingoral history, quantification, and archival research.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,senior status, and HIST 360 or consent. Offered eachfall.489 Pop and Rock Music Seminar (4) IExamines the history of Western popular music inthe twentieth century. Situates pop and rock music intheir socio-cultural contexts, investigating the nexusbetween socio-political developments and musicalexpression. Focuses on the interactions betweendifferent cultures, the development of internationalyouth styles, music as political expression, andcultural imperialism. Prerequisites: junior or seniorstatus and consent. Offered spring of odd-numberedyears.HUMANITIESHUMANITIES COURSES (HUM)150 Service Learning in aGlobal Context (4)VStudents engage in service projects incommunities that have been damaged by the effectsof violence, poverty, and social injustice. They learnabout the target community, engage in a serviceproject that addresses the needs of that community,and reflect on the service experience. May be repeatedfor credit. Prerequisite: students should be preparedto travel abroad (have valid passports, etc.). Offeredin selected Winter Sessions.231/431 A Tale of Two Cities (4) A, I*An individualized travel and research coursethrough which students experience and analyze theculture of two important cities, as represented in theirmuseums, architecture, and historic sights, and intheir living culture. The course is tailored to eachstudent’s research interests and includes componentsbefore, during, and after the trip. Prerequisite for 431:75 semester hours. Offered in selected WinterSessions. *HUM 231: (A); HUM 431: (I).INDIVIDUALIZEDSTUDIES MAJORA student who has discovered a well-definedproblem area or theme that cannot be addressedthrough Virginia Wesleyan’s established majorprograms may develop an individualized major.Because this type of study requires considerableinitiative and imagination, students pursuing thisoption must demonstrate preparedness by havingcompleted at least 32 credit hours of college workwith an overall GPA of at least 2.7. At least 16semester hours must have been completed inresidence.Eligible students must identify an advisory boardconsisting of a faculty sponsor and two additionalfaculty members. The members of the advisory boardmust be familiar with the student’s academic work orhave expertise in the proposed area of study. Inconsultation with these faculty, the student willdevelop a comprehensive academic plan of study, toinclude coursework in at least two differentdepartments/programs. The major must reflectbetween 40 and 48 semester hours of approvedcoursework, with at least 20 hours at the 300/400level, including a senior thesis or capstone project. Nomore than two courses may count toward both themajor and general studies requirements.The proposal must be completed and submittedto the office of the Dean of the College for approvalbefore the student has completed 64 semester hours,which is typically before the end of the student’ssophomore year. In unusual cases where a student canshow progress already made toward the proposedmajor, the student may submit a proposal during thesubsequent semester, but in no cases after the studenthas completed 80 or more semester hours. Thedeadline for the proposal is April 15 for a springsemester submission and November 15 for a fallsemester submission. If the proposal is approved andcompleted, the student’s transcript will describe themajor as “Individualized Studies.” The applicationform for the Individualized Studies Major can befound in the Registrar’s Office.INFORMATION SYSTEMS(See Business)INTERDISCIPLINARYSTUDIESINTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIESCOURSES (INST)The Interdisciplinary Studies designation is usedfor courses that cannot be appropriately placed undera single, dual or triple course rubric. Faculty membersproposing such courses must seek approval from allthree divisions before the courses can be approved bythe Educational Programs Commission.105 Preparing for College Success (2)An introductory course in critical thinking, studystrategies, goal setting, time management, and studyskills and their relationship to academic success.Designed to help students develop strong academicskills. Offered each semester.106 Analyzing and UnderstandingCollege Reading (2)An introductory course in critical thinking as itrelates to college reading success. Designed to helpstudents develop their skills in these areas. Offeredeach semester.108 WISE: Wesleyan InformationSeeking Experience (2)Introduces students to the research process andhelps students develop the information literacy skillsneeded to succeed in college. Students learn how todefine information need, use effective researchstrategies, and evaluate and communicate researchresults. Offered during selected Winter Sessions.

124 INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIESINTERNATIONAL STUDIES125111 Orientation Seminar forNon-Traditional Students (1)Designed to help non-traditional students developthe academic skills needed to excel in theircoursework. Emphasizes critical thinking. Offeredeach semester as needed.123 Service Learning in Hampton Roads (1)Raises civic consciousness by fostering engagedcitizenship where students perform a week of directcommunity service. Orientation and preparationbefore the direct service, as well as a reflection journal,document student learning. May be repeated forcredit. Identical to PORT 123. Offered each WinterSession.124 Service Learning and Issues of CivicEngagement in Hampton Roads (4)Students are introduced to a community-basedproject and investigate the issue involved throughresearch, reading, and lecture, followed by a week ofdirect community service. Includes reflection,assessment, and consideration of broader contexts.May be repeated for credit. Identical to PORT 124.Offered each Winter Session.126 Music and Folk Culture of theSouthern Appalachians (1)Introduces students to the music and folk cultureof the Southern Appalachians, including Virginia,West Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia,and Alabama. Emphasizes the unique pre-World WarII styles of rural dance music, social and religiousmusic, and early commercially recorded music,including the old-time string band, jug bands,clawhammer style of banjo playing, unaccompaniedfiddling, shape note singing, and balladry. Studentsexamine the history, development, and structure ofthese regional music styles and try playing the musicthemselves in an old-time string band or jug band.Offered in selected Winter Sessions.161 Bees and Beekeeping (1)An introduction to the history, technique, biology,and practices of apiculture and to the fundamentalsand pleasures of keeping bees as either a hobby or abusiness. Covers the long history of beekeepingaround the world, the various metaphorical andcultural meanings assigned to bees and beekeepingover time, the development of the Langstroth hive,and the theories behind the most modern hivemanagement practices. Includes essentials such as thebuilding of hives, supers, and frames; the capture ofswarms; the installation of packaged bees;management of the hive throughout the seasons,requeening, and the harvesting of a honey crop. Alsoincluded the basics of bee biology and hiveorganization, and methods of preventing disease andmaintaining a healthy, productive colony. Offered inselected Winter Sessions.202 The School and Society (4) SA study of the historical, philosophical, andsociological foundations of public education in theUnited States. Topics include the foundations ofinstructional design based on assessment data, thelegal status of teachers and students, including federaland state laws and regulations, the school as anorganization/culture, and contemporary issues ineducation. Offered each semester.203 Applied Technology forInnovative Instruction (2)Offers students the opportunity to masterintroductory concepts and use technology aids toproduce educational materials and instructional unitsand to increase the efficiency of instruction in theclassroom. Enables educators to meet the TechnologyStandards for Instructional Personnel (TSIP) and toteach Computer/Technology Standards K-12 asoutlined in the Virginia Standards of Learning.Online section requires consent. Offered eachsemester.303 Resident Community Leadership (1)Resident Assistants (RAs) develop their skills aspeer counselors and group leaders. RAs share theirexperiences through group discussions and structuredprocesses. Enrollment is limited to current residentassistants. (Previously PSY 303). Pass/fail grading.Offered each semester.304 Blackfeet Immersion: Life andEducation on a Montana Reservation (4)A travel course in which students spend a weekvolunteering at the De La Salle Blackfeet School inBrowning, Montana, as assistants to the teachers andas mentors to the children. Coursework before andafter the trip enhances student learning and providesan intercultural experience that invites students toaffirm a common bond. Prerequisite: junior/seniorstatus or consent. Offered selected Winter Sessions.470 Developments in Science andTechnology (4)I,WExplores the nature of scientific inquiry and therole of science and technology in our society bytracing the historical development and current stateof several areas of science and technology. Considersthe influence of culture, politics, religion, economics,and society on these developments and the impact ofthese developments on the society. Does not fulfillany requirements for Latin honors. Prerequisites:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher, junior/seniorstatus, and one “L” course. Offered Winter Sessionsof even-numbered years.482 Issues in Education (4) I,WOffers students the opportunity to develop adescriptive research study. The student chooses atopic, conducts a review of the related literature,designs the study, develops research questions, gathersand analyzes data, and reports the results. Does notfulfill divisional requirements for Latin honors butmay fulfill research requirement for summa cumlaude. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and junior/senior status. Offered eachsemester.485 Selected Topics (1 to 4)Provides opportunities to explore current topics,trends, and issues related to curriculum,methodology, and evaluation. Primarily intended tomeet in-service and re-certification needs ofpracticing educators. Does not fulfill anyrequirements for Latin honors. Prerequisite: consent.Offered each semester.INTERNATIONALSTUDIESThe International Studies major emphasizes aninterdisciplinary approach that teaches students tothink critically about international political,economic, cultural, and business processes andproblems. The program contains a core of requiredcourses, but offers students the opportunity todevelop an individualized program in one of threeconcentration areas: international politics,international business, and international culturalstudies. Classroom study is supplemented by real-lifeinternational experiences with internship or studyabroad opportunities. Virginia Wesleyan College islocated in the international port of Hampton Roads.Intergovernmental organizations, including theUnited Nations, have offices here, as do nationalintelligence, security, and military branches of thegovernment; thus the area can offer studentsinternational intern experiences without leaving theregion. Students prepare for careers in internationalwork with governments, with non-governmentorganizations, and in international business. Themajor consists of a minimum of ten courses andeither an internship or study abroad. Students mustbecome proficient in a foreign language.Major Requirements: International StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.POLS 103Global Realities 4POLS 206Introduction toComparative Politics OR 4POLS 210Introduction to International RelationsHIST 112World History: The Modern Era4One of the following:RELST 116World ReligionsPHIL 372 4Beyond the Western TraditionPHIL 392Alternative FuturesPOLS 250Introduction to International 4Political EconomyOne of the following:MBE 100Introduction to EconomicsMBE 201 4Introductory MacroeconomicsMBE 202Introductory MicroeconomicsComplete one of the following tracks:International BusinessInternational Cultural Studies16International PoliticsIndividualized International Study(either Internship or Study Abroad)6-12International Politics TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 46-52SEM.HRS.Two of the following:HIST 328United States Foreign Relations 1763-1919POLS 345 8International Law & OrganizationsPOLS 440Seminar: American Foreign PolicyOne of the following:4POLS 317, 320, 328, 338, 344, 353One of the following:HIST 219, 262, 346, 347, 348, 433 4TRACK TOTAL 16

126 INTERNATIONAL STUDIESMATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE127International Business TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.One of the following inaddition to core requirements:MBE 201Introductory Macroeconomics OR 4MBE 202Introductory MicroeconomicsMBE 332Economic Development4MBE 333International Business4One of the following:FR 333, SPAN 333, MBE 305,POLS 206, 317, 320, 334,4338, 344, 348, 350TRACK TOTAL 16International Cultural Studies TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.SOC 2304Understanding Other CulturesPSY 2454Child Development Across CulturesOne 300/400-level course in French,4German, or Spanish literatureOne of the following:ARTH 351, 352, ENG 314, FR 314,327, GER 329, HIST 305, 433, 4PHIL 372, MUS 313, 314, SPAN 312TRACK TOTAL 16JEWISH STUDIES (Minor)The minor in Jewish Studies offers students theopportunity to study the oldest form of continuouslypracticed monotheism in Western culture.Comprised of a variety of approaches from differentintellectual disciplines, the minor also includes theopportunity for individualized study and “hands on”experience in the local Jewish community. A minor inJewish Studies is compatible with any College major,including the major of Religious Studies.Minor Requirements: Jewish StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.One of the following:RELST 180Judaism & Film OR 4RELST 181Judaism through FoodOne of the following*:HIST 451History of the HolocaustPOLS 338Comparative Politicsof the Middle East and North Africa 4RELST 140Religion in American CultureRELST 217The Old Testament WorldOne of the following*:GER 305Short Prose of KafkaGER 340German Cinema: Art & Politics 4HIST 348History of Modern GermanyRELST 361/461Thinkers/Topics in Religion(as applicable)JST 381/382Internship in Jewish Studies4JST 481/482Readings in Jewish Studies4TOTAL 20*Substitutions permitted only by permission of theJewish Studies administrator.JEWISH STUDIESCOURSES (JST)381 Internship in Jewish Studies (4)Internship with local Jewish community orreligious organization. Students participate in theinstitutional workings of educational, philanthropic,religious, or health-care related Jewish organizations.Off-campus: personal means of transportationnecessary. Prerequisites: RELST 180 or 181 orpermission of the faculty member administering theJST minor.481 Readings in Jewish Studies (4)In-depth, faculty guided, but student initiatedreadings course in an area of Jewish studies, focusingon a specific theme, issue, geographic area, or timeperiod relevant to the study of Judaism or the Jewishpeople. Prerequisites: RELST 180 or 181 orpermission of the faculty member administering theJST minor. Offered on demand.JOURNALISM(See Communication)MANAGEMENT(See Business)MATHEMATICS ANDCOMPUTER SCIENCEMRS. KATHY R. AMESDR. LYDIA KENNEDY, Program CoordinatorDR. AUDREY MALAGONDR. MARGARET REESEDR. Z. JOHN WANGMS. DENISE POCTA WILKINSONMathematics is at its heart the search for patternor structure. It is an essential component of the liberalarts: A mathematician finds a structure and developsa vocabulary or theory for describing, exploring, andextending it further. Each course in mathematicsengages students in the search and in the articulationof the consequences. The study of mathematicsrequires both creativity and rigorous, logical thinking.Mathematics courses are designed to meet two goals:(1) to introduce some of the most influential ideasand techniques in mathematics; and (2) to developproblem-solving ability by teaching students tocombine creative mathematical searching withrigorous reasoning.Computer science is a discipline involving theanalysis, design, implementation, and maintenance ofcomputer systems; it is a key component of a moderneducation. The computer science program includesprogramming and software design, algorithms,system architectures, operating systems, languagetheory, databases, and online information systemsdesign. Computer science courses are designed toprepare students for a lifetime of learning that willenable them to move beyond current technology tomeet the challenges of the future.The Mathematics and Computer ScienceDepartment offers majors in mathematics and incomputer science leading either to the B.A. degree orthe B.S. degree. Each program provides a broadeducation in fundamentals and problem-solvingstrategies. The B.A. options offer basic majors inmathematics and computer science. The B.S. optionsare designed for students with an additional stronginterest in science or engineering. Both options areappropriate for students who plan to pursue graduatestudy in the same or related fields. Minors inmathematics and in computer science complementmajors in many fields, including biology, business,chemistry, and earth and environmental science. Thedepartment also offers a secondary (6-12) teachercertification program in cooperation with theEducation Department. The program meets allcontent requirements for effective high schoolteaching and for licensure in Virginia. Further, thedepartment offers coursework for students seekingcertification in elementary education.The department supports the general studiescurriculum by offering courses that meet thequantitative perspectives “Q” requirement. All “Q”courses carry a mathematics placement prerequisite.The math placement codes indicate levels ofmathematics preparation for incoming students. Astudent’s application file, transcripts, and SAT orACT scores form the basis for placement. The levelsare coded by letters: H, A, B, C, D. Students maychallenge their placements by contacting thedepartmental coordinator.Major Requirements: Mathematics (B.A.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.MATH 171Calculus IMATH 1728Calculus IIMATH 205Foundations of Logic and Proof4MATH 217Linear Algebra4Core CoursesMATH 419Algebraic Structures OR 4MATH 471Real AnalysisSee continuation of choices next page

128 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEChart continued from previous pageElectivesSix of the following, includingat least one applied course:Pure mathematics courses:MATH 273Multivariable CalculusMATH 301CombinatoricsMATH 316ProbabilityMATH 333Number TheoryMATH 340 24Modern GeometricsMATH 419Algebraic StructuresMATH 471Real AnalysisMATH 480Advanced Topics in MathematicsMATH 489Research in MathematicsApplied mathematics courses:MATH 274Ordinary Differential EquationsMATH 310Statistical ModelsMATH 350Numerical MethodsMATH 410Mathematical ModelsMATH 487Mathematics Senior Seminar 1Requirements for secondaryteaching certificationProgram must includeall of the following:MATH 273Multivariable CalculusMATH 316ProbabilityMATH 340Modern GeometriesMATH 301CombinatoricsMATH 333Number TheoryMATH 419Algebraic StructuresMATH 471Real AnalysisTOTAL 45ORMATH 210Introductory StatisticsMATH 310OR 0-4Statistical ModelsCS 110Introduction to Programmingwith Visual BASICCS 112OR 4Computer Programming IMATH 300Teaching Assistant Program 1TOTAL 50-54Major Requirements: Mathematics (B.S.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.MATH 171Calculus I8MATH 172Calculus IIMATH 2054Foundations of Logic and ProofMATH 2174Linear AlgebraCore courses:MATH 419Algebraic Structures 8MATH 471Real AnalysisElectivesFive of the following, includingat least one applied course:Pure mathematics courses:MATH 273Multivariable CalculusMATH 301CombinatoricsMATH 316ProbabilityMATH 333 20Number TheoryMATH 340Modern GeometriesMATH 480Advanced Topics in MathematicsMATH 489Research in MathematicsSee continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageApplied mathematics courses:MATH 274Ordinary Differential EquationsMATH 310Statistical ModelsMATH 350Numerical MethodsMATH 410Mathematical ModelsMATH 4871Mathematics Senior SeminarFour courses in mathematics, naturalsciences, psychology or economics 16approved by advisorTOTAL 61Requirements for secondaryteaching certificationProgram must include all of the following:MATH 273Multivariable CalculusMATH 316Probability -MATH 340Modern GeometriesMATH 301 OR -CombinatoricsMATH 333Number TheoryMATH 419Algebraic StructuresMATH 471Real AnalysisMATH 210Statistics-ORMATH 310Statistical ModelsCS 110Introduction to ComputerProgramming with Visual BASIC - ORCS 112Computer Programming IPHYS 221University Physics I -MATH 300Teaching Assistant Program1TOTAL 62MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE129Major Requirements: Computer Science (B.A.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.CS 112Computer Programming ICS 2128Computer Programming IICS 205Foundations of Logic and Proof4Core courses:CS 310Introduction to Computer Systems 8CS 311Data StructuresElectivesThree CS courses at the 300/400 level12MATH 135Calculus with Precalculus, Part IMATH 171OR 4Calculus IMATH 210StatisticsMATH 310OR 4Statistical ModelsTOTAL 40Major Requirements: Computer Science (B.S.)COURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.CS 112Computer Programming ICS 2128Computer Programming IICS 205Foundations of Logic and Proof4Core courses:CS 310Introduction to Computer Systems 8CS 311Data StructuresElectivesThree CS courses at the 300/400 level12CS 489Research in Computer Science4Mathematics courses:MATH 135Calculus with Precalculus, Part I OR 4MATH 171Calculus ISee continuation of choices next page

130 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEChart continued from previous pageMATH 210Introductory StatisticsMATH 310Statistical ModelsMATH 172Calculus IIMATH 217Linear AlgebraPHYS 221University Physics IMinor Requirements: MathematicsCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEOR 4444TOTAL 56SEM.HRS.MATH 171Calculus with Precalculus, Part I4MATH 172Calculus with Precalculus, Part II4One of the following:MATH 205Foundations of Logic and ProofMATH 217OR 4Linear AlgebraMATH 273Multivariable CalculusTwo of the following:MATH 301, 310, 316, 333, 340, 8350, 410, 419, 471, 480, 489TOTAL 20Minor Requirements: Computer ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.CS 112Computer Programming I4CS 212Computer Programming II4CS 110Introduction to Programmingwith Visual BASIC OR 4CS 205Foundations of Logic and ProofTwo of the following:CS 310, 311, 331, 332, 350, 8380, 430, 440, 480, 489TOTAL 20MATHEMATICS COURSES (MATH)005 Algebraic Preliminaries (4)Students develop basic computational skills andstrengthen their understanding of fundamentals inpreparation for courses that involve more difficultquantitative concepts. Students with placement levelD must complete this course with a grade of C orhigher before attempting MATH 104. Topics includeoperations on whole and signed numbers, fractions,decimals, exponents, variables, linear equations, andelementary problem solving. Traditional grading only.While students receive no credit for this course, thecourse grade does count toward their overall gradepoint average as if it were a 4 semester-hour course.Prerequisite: placement or consent. Offered eachspring.104 Algebra and its Applications (4) QPresents topics in algebra through traditional andapplications-based methods. Topics includefunctions, exponents and scientific notation, linear,exponential, rational and quadratic functions andgraphs, systems of equations, quadratic and linearinequalities. Prerequisite: placement level C, Math005 with a grade of C or higher, or consent. Studentsmust have a TI-83 or TI-84 graphing calculator.Offered each semester.135 Calculus with Precalculus, Part I (4) QStudents learn the basic tools of calculus, why theywork, and how to apply them in various contexts.Symbolic, graphical, and numerical approaches areconsidered. Topics include limits, derivatives, andapplications. Includes sufficient coverage of functionsand trigonometry to support the study of calculusand of other sciences. The two-course sequence,MATH 135 and 136, is sufficient preparation forMATH 172 Calculus II. Prerequisite: placement levelB, MATH 104 with a grade B or higher, or MATH105 with a grade of C- or higher, or consent. Offeredeach fall.136 Calculus with Precalculus, Part II (4) QA continuation of MATH 135. Topics includeapplications of derivatives, the Riemann integral, andthe Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Includessufficient instruction in advanced algebraictechniques to support the study of calculus.Prerequisite: MATH 135 with a grade of C- or higheror consent. Offered each spring.150 Topics in Modern Mathematics (4) QCourse exposes students to areas of modernmathematics. Topics vary but may include votingtheory, game theory, mathematics and art, elementarynumber theory, graph theory and schedulingproblems, management science, and others. Focusis on critical thinking skills, communicatingmathematics orally and in writing, and applicationsto other disciplines. Prerequisite: placement level A orB. Offered each spring171 Calculus I (4) QStudents learn the basic tools of calculus, why theywork, and how to apply them in various contexts.Calculus I develops the differential calculus throughsymbolic, graphical, and numerical approaches.Topics include differentiation of algebraic andtranscendental functions, applications in modelingand optimization, and the Fundamental Theorem ofcalculus and an introduction to differential equations.Prerequisite: placement level A or consent. Offeredeach fall.172 Calculus II (4) QA continuation of Calculus I. More advancedtechniques are studied and used to solve quantitativeproblems in various contexts. Topics includeintegration techniques, applications of definiteintegration, polar coordinates, parametric equationsand sequences and series. Prerequisite: MATH 136 or171 with a grade of C- or higher or consent. Offeredeach semester.189 Games and Decisions (4) QLearn how to win games with math! In thiscourse, use discrete mathematics (game theory, logic,probability) to model real-world situations involvingdecision making. Prerequisite: placement level A, B orH. Offered each fall.205 Foundations of Logic and Proof (4) QThe analysis of finite step-by-step processes.Develops reasoning skills, enhances software-writingabilities, and introduces elementary computercircuitry. Topics include Boolean algebra, digital logiccircuits, the nature of valid argument, mathematicalinduction, recursive sequences, and countingtechniques, including combinatorics methods. Manyclass examples are drawn from computer science.Prerequisite: MATH 135 with a grade of C- or higher,or placement level H or A, or consent. Identical to CS205. Offered each spring. Recommended springfreshman year.210 Introductory Statistics (4) QIntroduces students to learning from data. Topicsinclude the basics of data production, data analysis,probability, Central Limit Theorem, and statisticalinference. Statistical software is used for datamanagement, calculation, and visualization. Noprevious knowledge of statistics is required.Prerequisites: placement level B or A or H, MATHMATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE131104 with a grade of C- or higher, or MATH 105 witha grade of C- or higher, or consent. Freshmen byconsent only. Students must have a TI-83 or TI-84graphing calculator. Offered each semester.217 Linear Algebra (4)The study of vector spaces and linear equations inseveral variables. Topics include systems of linearequations, vector spaces, linear dependence ofvectors, bases, dimension, linear transformations,matrices, determinants and applications. Prerequisite:MATH 172 (grade of C- or higher) or consent.Offered each fall.273 Multivariable Calculus (4)Topics include functions of several variables,curves, surfaces, partial differentiation, multipleintegrals, and vector analysis. Prerequisites: MATH172 (grade of C- or higher) or consent. Offered eachspring.274 Ordinary Differential Equations (4)Explores the theory and applications of ordinarydifferential equations and their solutions. Topicsinclude linear and non-linear first order equations,higher order linear equations, series solutions, systemsof linear differential equations, Laplace transforms,and numerical methods. Prerequisite: MATH 172(grade of C- or higher) or consent. Offered each fall.300 Teaching Assistants’Program for Math (1)Qualified students assist math instructors inteaching their classes. Enrollment is by invitation ofthe MATH/CS department. Although the course isuseful for students seeking certification in secondaryeducation, enrollment is not limited to them. Astudent may enroll more than once, but may apply nomore than 3 semester hours earned in this mannertoward graduation. May not be used to satisfy majoror minor requirements in mathematics, although onesemester of MATH 300 is required for secondaryeducation certification. Offered each semester.301 Combinatorics (4)An introduction to combinatorics, themathematical art of counting discrete quantities.Topics include enumeration of combinatorialstructures, recursive algorithms, graph theory withapplications and algorithms, inclusion-exclusion, andgenerating functions. Prerequisite: MATH/CS 205(grade of C- or higher), MATH 217 (grade of C- orhigher), or MATH 273 (grade of C- or higher) orconsent. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.

132 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEMATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE133310 Statistical Models (4)A course in applied data analysis. Emphasizesconstruction of models for authentic data sets.Statistical software is used extensively for analyzingreal data sets from various contexts. Topics includeparametric and nonparametric tests, simple andmultiple regression, and ANOVA. Prerequisites:MATH 106 with a grade B or higher, MATH 210with a grade B or higher, or MATH 171 with a gradeC- or higher, or consent. Offered spring of evennumbered years.316 Probability (4)Approaches probability as a discipline withapplications throughout mathematics and thesciences. Topics include classical and axiomaticprobability, random variables, common distributions,density functions, expectation, conditionalprobability, independence, the Law of LargeNumbers, and the Central Limit Theorem.Prerequisites: MATH 273 (grade of C- or higher) orconsent. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.325 Theory Elementary Mathematics (4)A study of the nature of mathematical knowledge,the history of mathematics, geometry, elementarynumber theory, and basic trigonometry. Does notcount toward the major in mathematics.Prerequisites: MATH 210 (grade of C- or higher),junior/senior status and admission to the program forElementary Certification.333 Number Theory (4) WAn introduction to the study of the set of naturalnumbers. Topics may include linear congruence,greatest common divisor, Euler’s totient function,Chinese Remainder Theorem, Fermat’s LittleTheorem, Wilson’s Theorem, Legendre symbol, andquadratic reciprocity. Prerequisite: MATH/CS 205(grade of C- or higher) or consent. Offered spring ofodd-numbered years.340 Modern Geometries (4)Explores Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometriesand the cultural impact of non-Euclidean geometries.Topics may include geodesics, plane geometry, non-Euclidean geometries, finite geometries, complexnumbers, and geometric transformations.Prerequisites: MATH/CS 205 (grade of C- or higher),MATH 217 (grade of C- or higher), or consent.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.350 Numerical Methods (4)Examines efficient methods used in solvingnumerical problems with the aid of a computer.Topics include floating point arithmetic,interpolation and approximation, integration, rootsof nonlinear equations, ordinary differentialequations, and systems of linear equations.Prerequisites: MATH 172 and CS 112. Identical toCS 350. Offered spring of even-numbered years.410 Mathematical Models (4)An introduction to mathematical models andsensitivity analysis. Emphasizes construction ofmodels for real world applications in a variety of area.Mathematical software is used extensively forproblem solving. Topics include optimization models,linear and discrete programming, dynamic modelsand probability models. Prerequisites: MATH 217and MATH 273 with grade of C- or better. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.419 Algebraic Structures (4)An introduction to algebraic structures, includinggroups and rings, homomorphism theorems, quotientstructures, and polynomial rings. Prerequisite:junior/senior status, MATH/CS 205 (grade of C- orhigher), and MATH 217 (grade of C- or higher).Offered spring of even-numbered years.471 Real Analysis (4) WA theoretical treatment of continuity and realvaluedfunctions. Topics may include sequences,series, limits, the derivative and the integral.Prerequisites: junior/senior status, MATH/CS 205(grade of C- or higher) and MATH 217 (grade ofC- or higher). Offered fall of even-numbered years.480 Advance Topics in Mathematics (4)Enables students to explore areas of advancedmathematics which are otherwise not included in thecurriculum. Students may repeat the course for creditas the topic varies. Prerequisite: consent. Offeredintermittently.487 Mathematics Senior Seminar (1)Students read and discuss current journal articlesin mathematics. Topics vary and may includeproblem solving. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisites:declared mathematics major and senior status orconsent. Offered each spring.489 Research in Mathematics (2 or 4)Offers students the opportunity to conductoriginal scientific research in an area of interest.Students work closely with one or more members ofthe natural science faculty to develop and conduct aresearch project, then present their findings orallyduring the semester’s undergraduate researchsymposium and as a formal research paper. Studentsare encouraged to present their findings at aconference. Prerequisite: junior/senior status and amajor in mathematics, prior approval by the projectadvisor, and consent of the instructor. Students mayenroll for 2 or 4 hours in a given semester. May berepeated for a maximum total of 8 semester hours.Identical to BIO 489, CHEM 489, CS 489, and EES489. Offered each semester and most Winter Sessions(2 semester hours only).COMPUTER SCIENCECOURSES (CS)100 Computer Concepts and Applications (4)Topics include basic concepts of computerhardware and software; the development of thecomputer, networks, and the Internet; programmingwith Alice; Web page development with HTML;application software including word processing,spreadsheet, database, and presentation software; andsocial concerns associated with the widespread use ofcomputers. Offered each semester.110 Introduction to Programmingwith Visual BASIC (4)QAn introductory programming course that usesVisual BASIC programming language. Topics includethe program development process, structuredprogramming, data types, assignment, selection,looping, subroutines, one-dimensional arrays, files,and random numbers. Prerequisite: placement levelH, A, or B, or a grade of C- or higher in MATH 104,or consent. Offered on demand.112 Computer Programming I (4) QJava and C++ languages are introduced. Topicsinclude the program development process, structuredprogramming, data types, variables and expressions,input/output, assignment, selection, looping,functions, and arrays. Prerequisite: placement level H,A, or B, or a grade of B or higher in MATH 104, orconsent. Offered each fall.205 Foundations of Logic and Proof (4) QThe analysis of finite step-by-step processes.Develops reasoning skills, enhances software-writingabilities, and introduces elementary computercircuitry. Topics include Boolean algebra, digital logiccircuits, the nature of valid argument, mathematicalinduction, recursive sequences, and countingtechniques, including combinatorics methods. Manyclass examples are drawn from computer science.Prerequisite: MATH 135 with a grade of C- or higher,or placement level H or A, or consent. Identical toMATH 205. Offered each spring. Recommendedspring freshman year.212 Computer Programming II (4)A continuation of CS 112. Topics includeadvanced programming design in user-defined datatypes, arrays, structures, pointers, array-basedlists, binary searching, recursion, and introductionto object-oriented programming techniques.Prerequisite: CS 112 or consent. Offered each spring.310 Introduction to Computer Systems (4)Introduces the basic concepts of computerorganization and assembly language. Specific topicsinclude CPU and memory organization, machinelanguage, addressing techniques, macros, programsegmentation and linkage, and assemblerconstruction. Satisfies the oral competencyrequirement for computer science majors.Prerequisite: CS 212 or consent. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.311 Data Structures (4)An introduction to commonly used computerdata structuring techniques. Topics include abstractdata types, classes, queues, stacks, linked lists,algorithm analysis, sorting, searching, tree, and graph.Prerequisites: CS 212 or consent. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.331 Systems Analysis and Design (4)Introduces the concepts, principles, and stages ofcomputer-based information systems analysis anddesign. Topics include the system developmentenvironment, project management, systemrequirements definition, interface and structuredesign, and system implementation andadministration. Prerequisite: CS 212 or consent.Offered on demand.350 Numerical Methods (4)Examines efficient methods used in solvingnumerical problems with the aid of a computer.Topics include floating point arithmetic,interpolation and approximation, integration, rootsof nonlinear equations, ordinary differentialequations, and systems of linear equations.Prerequisites: MATH 172 and CS 112. Identical toMATH 350. Offered spring of even-numbered years.380 Programming Languages (4)Introduces students to the historical developmentof programming languages and to the decisionsinvolved in the design and implementation of suchprogramming language features as elementary,structured, and user-defined data types, subprograms,sequence control, data control, and storagemanagement. Selected features of several existinglanguages are examined in the context of these issues.Prerequisite: CS 212 or consent. Offered on demand.

134 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE430 Database ManagementSystems Design (4)Emphasizes the concepts and structures necessaryto design and implement database systems using arelational database management system. Variousdatabase management system architecturesillustrating hierarchical, network, and relationalmodels are discussed. Physical data storagetechniques, file security, data integrity, and datanormalization are also explored. Prerequisite: CS 202or 212 or consent. Offered on demand.440 Operation Systems (4)Introduces the principles of operating systemsemphasizing intrasystem communication. Examinesconcepts and techniques necessary for understandingand designing these systems. Topics include I/O andinterrupt structure, concurrent processes, processscheduling, and memory management andprotection. Prerequisite: CS 212 or consent. CS 310is recommended. Offered on demand.480 Advanced Topics inComputer Science (4)An in-depth study of an area of advancedcomputer science. Specific content varies according tothe interests of students and the instructor. May berepeated for credit as the topic varies. Prerequisites:CS 212 and consent. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.489 Research in Computer Science (2 or 4)Offers students the opportunity to conductoriginal scientific research in an area of interest.Students work closely with one or more members ofthe natural science faculty to develop and conduct aresearch project, then present their findings orallyduring the semester’s undergraduate researchsymposium and as a formal research paper. Studentsare encouraged to present their findings at aconference. Prerequisites: junior/senior status and amajor in computer science, prior approval by theproject advisor, and consent of the instructor.Students may enroll for 2 or 4 hours in a givensemester. May be repeated for a maximum total of 8semester hours. Identical to BIO 489, CHEM 489,EES 489, and MATH 489. Offered each semesterand most Winter Sessions (2 semester hours only).MUSICMS. SANDRA BILLY, Director,Center for Sacred MusicMS. LEE JORDAN-ANDERSMR. GEORGE STONE, Staff Accompanist,Piano (adjunct)DR. MICHAEL J. TROTTA, Program CoordinatorMS. BILLYE BROWN YOUMANS,Applied Music, Voice (adjunct)The Music Department offers students theopportunity to study music in a program that placesthe specific discipline of applied music study withinthe context of a liberal arts curriculum. All studentshave the opportunity to explore the creative processembodied in this art form and to investigate themanner in which music reflects historical trends andcultural patterns in society. The study of musicprovides individuals with personal fulfillment,enhances and complements everyday life, and createsan opportunity for students to discover andexperience aesthetic beauty. Our program of studyencourages all learners to appreciate as well ascritically articulate their responses to this importantpart of our culture. Virginia Wesleyan offers majors inapplied music and music in the liberal arts, as well ascourses for the non-musician. Students may preparefor careers in private teaching, church music, musicmerchandising, arts management, musiclibrarianship, or for graduate study in music or thehumanities.Major Requirements:Music with Applied Music TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.MUS 225Intermediate Musicianship I4MUS 226Intermediate Musicianship II4MUS 325Advanced Musicianship I4MUS 325Advanced Musicianship II4MUS 313Music History I4MUS 314Music History II4MUS 480Senior Project2See continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageAPMU 211Virginia Wesleyan ChoraleAPMU 300OR 2Chamber MusicAPMU 133-494 (6 hours at the300/400 level)12One of the following:MUS 100, MUS/ARTH 201,MUS 202/302, 250/350, 251/351,4252/352, 253/353, 310, 335, 336Piano proficiencyEnsemble performance each semesterMajor Requirements:Music with Liberal Arts TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 44SEM.HRS.MUS 100Introduction to ListeningMUS/ARTH 201 OR 4Introduction to Music and Artin the Western WorldMUS 101Basic MusicianshipMUS 102OR 4Basic Musicianship for GuitaristsMUS 225Intermediate Musicianship I4MUS 226Intermediate Musicianship II4APMU Applied music, two semestersprivate study on any instrument4Four of the following:MUS 302Great ComposersMUS 350Music from the Baroque EraMUS 351Music in the Classic EraMUS 352 1619th Century MusicMUS 35320th Century MusicMUS 310Topics in Sacred MusicMUS 313Music History IMUS 314Music History IIMUS 335Music ManagementMUS 336Business of MusicMUS 480Senior ProjectMUS 3xxInternshipMinor Requirements: MusicCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEMUSICOR 42-42-4TOTAL 44135SEM.HRS.MUS 2254Intermediate Musicianship IMUS 2264Intermediate Musicianship IIAPMU 121-462Applied Music: Private Study8(Instrumental, Voice, Piano,Guitar, Composition)Two of the following:MUS 302, 310, 313, 314, 350, 8351, 352, 353MUSIC COURSES (MUS)TOTAL 24100 Introduction to Listening AOffers a user-friendly introduction to the music ofsuch great classical composers as Bach, Beethoven,and Mozart while including limited encounters withthe musical expressions of popular culture. An idealsurvey for nonmusicians lacking musical knowledgeand performance skills, the course also serves as ahelpful introduction to the realm of classical musicfor those who are contemplating a music major.Films, recordings, lectures, web pages, and liveconcerts on campus and in the community provideopportunities to develop a deeper understanding andenjoyment of our musical heritage.101 Basic Musicianship (4) AFundamentals of music, including pitch andrhythmic notation. Students learn to interpret musicnotation using recorders and other simple folkinstruments. Students may not receive credit forMUS 101 if they have already taken MUS 102.Offered fall of odd-numbered years.

136 MUSICMUSIC137102 Basic Musicianship with Guitar (4) ANo previous musical experience is necessary, butbasic fundamentals of music notation (pitch andrhythm) are taught. Students learn to make musicfrom a written score using the guitar. Students mustown their own instrument. Students may not receivecredit for MUS 102 if they have already taken MUS101. Offered fall of even-numbered years.110 A World of Music (4) AStudents listen to music as it exists in the realworld, exploring the diversity of the world’s music toacquire a sense of what exists beyond their ownexperience. Students learn about American folk,religious, jazz, popular, and ethnic music, as well assome world music. The course concludes with athorough overview of Western classical music.Offered fall of odd-numbered years.201 Music & Art in the Western World (4) AExplores the traditions of music, painting,sculpture, and architecture of the Western world.Beginning with the Greeks and continuing throughthe present, many individual works from importantart periods are introduced. Discussion topics includehow the arts reflect the sociocultural conditions oftheir time and place, how media are used, and howthe elements in each art form contribute to theaesthetic response. Identical to ARTH 201.213/313 Music History I (4) AA chronological study of music from its originsthrough the early 18th century. A research project andsome analysis are required for MUS 313.Prerequisites: MUS 100, 201, or consent. Offered fallof even-numbered years.214/314 Music History II (4) AA continuation of MUS 213/313 from the 18thcentury to the present. Prerequisite: MUS 100, 201,213/313, or consent. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.225 Intermediate Musicianship I (4)A study of music theory, sightsinging, and eartraining as part of a program to develop completemusicianship. Music theory is the logical andsystematic study of the rationality of music thateventually justifies and broadens natural musicalinstincts and intuitions. Sightsinging and ear trainingenhance the musician’s ability to envision the soundof a musical composition from an examination of theprinted score. Includes elementary harmony andanalysis, modes, triads and inversions, melodicconstruction, and simple harmonization withprimary and secondary triads. Prerequisite: ability toread music notation. Offered fall of even-numberedyears.226 Intermediate Musicianship II (4)A study of music theory, sightsinging, and eartraining are part of a program to develop completemusicianship. Music theory is the logical andsystematic study of the rationality of music thateventually justifies and broadens natural musicalinstincts and intuitions. Sightsinging and ear trainingenhance the musician’s ability to envision the soundof a musical composition from an examination of theprinted score. Includes elementary harmony andanalysis including modes, triads and inversions,melodic construction, and simple harmonizationwith primary and secondary triads. Prerequisite:ability to read music notation and a grade of C orhigher in MUS 225. Offered spring of odd-numberedyears.250/350 Music from the Baroque Era(1600-1750) (4) AA listening course exploring music from theBaroque. Students listen to works from this period intheir entirety and discover how this music reflects thecultural history of the era. Works by Vivaldi,Couperin, Scarlatti, Handel, Bach, and others areincluded. Students have the opportunity to attendselected live performances as part of their coursework. Offered fall of even-numbered years.251/351 Music in the Classic Era(1750 to 1825) (4) AA listening course exploring music from theClassic era. Students listen to works from this periodin their entirety and discover how this music reflectsthe cultural history of the era. Works by Haydn,Mozart, Beethoven, and others are included. Studentshave the opportunity to attend selected liveperformances as part of their coursework. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.252/352 19th-Century Music (4) AA listening course exploring music from the 19thcentury. Students listen to works from this period intheir entirety and discover how this music reflects thecultural history of the era. Works by Beethoven,Schubert, the Schumanns (both Clara and Robert),Chopin, Liszt, Verdi, Berlioz, Brahms, and others areincluded. Students have the opportunity to attendselected live performances as part of their coursework.Offered fall of odd-numbered years.253/353 20th-Century Music (4) AA listening course exploring music from the 20thcentury. Students listen to works from this period intheir entirety and discover how this music reflects thecultural history of the era. Works by Debussy, Ravel,Puccini, Bartok, Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Ives,Copland, Varèèse, Barber, Glass, Gorecki, Pärt,Zwilich, and others are included. Students have theopportunity to attend selected live performances aspart of their coursework. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.310 Topics in Sacred Music (4)An in-depth study of some aspect of sacred musicincluding, but not limited to, hymnology and sacredchoral literature, sacred music history, and choraldirecting, all within the context of a variety ofreligious traditions. Offered each semester.321 Conducting Techniques (4)Offers basic and advanced skills for choral andinstrumental conductors. Includes all conductingpatterns, instrumental and choral techniques,rehearsal technique, and score study. Prerequisite:MUS 226, APMU 111, 211, or equivalent. Offeredon demand.325 Advanced Musicianship I (4)A continuation of MUS 225 and 226. Focuses ona wide range of musical styles from the Renaissance tothe present. More complex chords and larger formssuch as the fugue, rondo, theme and variations, andsonata are studied. Various strategies for analyzingmusical compositions are investigated. Postimpressionistand serial composition techniques areincluded. Theoretical analysis and study areaccompanied by parallel exercises in sightsinging andear training. Prerequisite: MUS 226. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.326 Advanced Musicianship II (4)A continuation of MUS 225 and 226. Focuses ona wide range of musical styles from the Renaissance tothe present. More complex chords and larger formssuch as the fugue, rondo, theme and variations, andsonata are studied. Various strategies to analyzemusical compositions are investigated. Postimpressionistand serial composition techniques areincluded. Theoretical analysis and study areaccompanied by parallel exercises in sightsinging andear training. Prerequisite: MUS 226. Offered springof even-numbered years.354 VocaI Music Methods and Materials (4)Designed for students seeking certification inmusic education, this course covers facets of vocalmusic education in Elementary, Middle and HighSchool areas. This course also serves as preparation forthe Praxis II Music Content Knowledge test.Prerequisite: MUS 321. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.480 Senior Project (2)The culminating experience in the music major.Students present a formal recital or write an historicalor critical thesis. Using music selected from eachmajor historical period, they demonstrate their abilityto apply knowledge gleaned from the study of musichistory and music theory to their interpretations orinvestigations of the chosen repertoire. Studentselecting to perform a recital take MUS 480concurrently with the final semester of applied musicstudy and receive 2 semester hours. Students writinga thesis receive 4 semester hours. Prerequisite: gradesof C or higher in MUS 313 and 325. Prerequisites/corequisites: MUS 314 and 326.APPLIED MUSIC COURSES(APMU)111 Wesleyan Singers (1) A*Offered as a cultural experience for any student ofthe college. A wide variety of choral literature isstudied and performed, occasionally accompanied bya professional orchestra. Offered each semester. *Foursemester hours must be completed to fulfill thegeneral studies requirement.113 Class Voice (2) A*Offered in conjunction with APMU 211, VirginiaWesleyan Chorale. Students study basic vocaltechniques to develop the voice for both solo andchoral use. Offered each semester. *Four semesterhours must be completed to fulfill the general studiesrequirement.121-462 Applied Music: Private Study(Instrumental, Voice, Piano/OrganGuitar, and Composition) (2) A*Private applied music study is offered to studentsenrolled in the college regardless of previous musicalbackground or major interest. A serious commitmentto learning about classical music literature and thetechnique required to perform such literature isrequired. Applied music fee of $250. Prerequisite:consent. *Four semester hours must be completed tofulfill the general studies requirement.211 Virginia Wesleyan Chorale (1) A*A small performance ensemble that offers anopportunity for students to explore singing on ahigher level than is possible in a larger group of nonauditionedsingers. An audition is required. Corequisite:membership in Wesleyan Singers.Prerequisite: Instructor consent required. Offeredeach semester. *Four semester hours must becompleted to fulfill the general studies requirement.

138 MUSICPHILOSOPHY139230 Virginia Wesleyan Choral Tour (4) ADiscover the life changing experience of takingmusical learning out of the classroom and into thecommunity. Students meet for a two-week intensiverehearsal prior to leaving for a one-week tour. Corequisite:enrolled in the Spring session of WesleyanSingers. Offered each Winter Session.300 Chamber Music (2)Students explore the body of chamber musicwritten for their instrument and select and prepare achamber music composition for performance with aprofessional ensemble. A weekly one-hour coachingsession offers rehearsal strategies as well as discussionof musical ideas and interpretations. In addition,students prepare a listening journal that documentstheir listening experiences and generate an annotatedbibliography of chamber music compositions fortheir instrument. Applied music fee of $250.PHILOSOPHYDR. STEVEN M. EMMANUELDR. PATRICK A. GOOLDDR. LAWRENCE D. HULTGREN, Program CoordinatorDR. R. CATHAL WOODSThe Greek word philosophia (“philosophy”)derives from the roots philein (“to love”) and Sophia(“wisdom”) and is commonly translated “love ofwisdom.” For Socrates, and those who followed hisexample, the love of wisdom took the form of adisciplined reflection about human life and conduct.Convinced that intellectual and moral integrity gohand in hand, Socrates raised fundamental questionsabout the nature of justice, virtue, and the good life.Proceeding by careful analysis and rigorous dialectic,he sought a knowledge of reality on which to establisha firm foundation for making sound moral judgment.Though philosophical practice has taken manydifferent forms over the centuries, the conception ofphilosophy as a process of critical inquiry aimed at adeeper understanding of self and world remains thedominant one. The study of philosophy promotes thedevelopment of analytical, critical, and interpretiveabilities that are important for life in general. Properlypursued, philosophical study cultivates the appetiteand capacity for self-examination and reflection, forthe open exchange and debate of ideas, forresponsible and intelligent participation incommunity affairs, and for lifelong learning.Philosophy courses provide students with acoherent intellectual structure of study, whileacquainting them with the broad diversity of ideasand approaches within the Western philosophicaltradition and beyond. The curriculum coverssignificant periods and prominent figures in thehistory of intellectual thought, as well as the centralsubfields of philosophy and their distinctive problemsets. Though the department recognizes that aphilosophy major is a valuable preparation for careersin many fields, its approach to teaching reflects a basiccommitment to the idea that philosophy is bestthought of as a practice and way of life.Major Requirements: PhilosophyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.PHIL 209Methods of Logic4PHIL 332Ancient Greek Philosophy4PHIL 336Early Modern Philosophy4One of the following:PHIL 101, 102, 104, 105, 212, 4221/321, 272/372, 304PHIL 400 Philosophy Seminar 4Three additional philosophy courses,at least two of which are12at the 300/400 levelMinor Requirements: PhilosophyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEPhilosophy electives at the200 level or aboveTOTAL 32SEM.HRS.12Philosophy electives at the 300/400 level 8TOTAL 20PHILOSOPHY COURSES (PHIL)101 Individual and Society (4) VAn introduction to philosophy as critical thinkingand analysis through an examination of questions ofhuman value(s). Students learn how to recognize andanalyze the values by which they live, examine theissues of self and society, and develop a philosophicalskill in seeing the basic values that influence thesepersonal and social issues. Offered each fall.102 Contemporary Moral Issues (4) VIntroduces the practice of moral reasoningthrough the study of representative moral theoriesand their application to controversial issues incontemporary life. Students develop the critical andanalytical skills required for thinking clearly aboutmoral problems and forming their own conclusionsabout them. Offered each spring.105 Meaning, Happiness, andthe Good Life (4)VExamines key texts from philosophy andliterature, East and West, on the meaning of life.Students attempt to grapple with questions such as,Can happiness be found in the fulfillment of ourdesires, or in their elimination, or in the worship andservice of a universal being? Is a meaningful life ahappy life? and What does the question “What is themeaning of life?” mean? Offered intermittently.109 Critical Reasoning (4)Explores the correct way to make judgments anddecisions. Investigates human reasoning and providesbasic instruction in correct reasoning. Topics mayinclude conscious and unconscious thinking,advertisements, rhetorical techniques, biases,character traits of critical thinkers, argument analysisand evaluation, and group reasoning. Offered eachfall.110 Perennial Questions (4) VA critical examination of several great issues thatconfront us in modern philosophical thought,including the question of the existence of God, thenature of ultimate reality, the sources of humanknowledge, the principles of moral values, and theproblems of aesthetic judgments. Offered each spring.203 The Examined Life (4) TApproaches philosophy through the close readingand interpretation of Socratic dialogues. Engages thesubstance of the dialogues, the sort of knowledgeSocrates seeks, how he searches for it, and why hethinks this search is necessary. Literary technique andthe role of rhetoric in philosophical argument areconsidered. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher. Offered each fall.209 Methods of Logic (4)Analysis and evaluation of argument along withan introduction to induction, correlation andcausation, and to specific methods of argumentevaluation such as categorical logic, propositionallogic, truth tables, truth trees, and first-order logic.Background readings in the philosophy of logic andthe psychology of reasoning. Offered each spring.211 The Human Condition (4)An introduction to philosophical inquiry throughan examination of fundamental issues and argumentsconcerning the nature of human beings. What isdistinctive about being human? Does human life havea special meaning, or is “meaning” simply an illusionwe’ve created to comfort ourselves? Selected literary,scientific, and philosophic accounts of being humanare studied and criticized.212 Practical Ethics (4) VExplores the potential of moral reasoning as a toolfor conflict resolution and consensus building.Through a series of practical exercises, students learnto use moral argumentation as a means of fosteringconstructive dialogue and mutual understanding.Students develop the ability to listen carefully,distinguish real from apparent disagreements,discover common ground, and find creative solutionsto moral problems. Offered intermittently.215 Philosophy of Religion (4) VAddresses major questions that have emerged inthe history of philosophy concerning the justificationof theistic belief, the meaning of religious language,the nature of miracles, and mystical experience.Offered on demand.221/321 Ethics and Health Care (4) VForegoing life-sustaining treatment, procurementof organs and tissue for transplantation, artificialreproduction, allocation of scarce health resources,AIDS: public health vs. private rights.… Suchquestions of health care confront all of us at sometime both as matters of individual concern and asissues of public policy. Students examine the ethicalprinciples that should undergird decisions in healthcare and apply these principles to concrete cases.Offered each spring.253/353 Social and Political Philosophy (4) VOther humans: can’t live with them, can’t livewithout them. This course surveys theoretical toolsfor understanding this dilemma and specific socialissues. Topics include self and society, friendship andjustice, authority and anarchism, democracy andother forms of government; issues such as identitypolitics, social change, and political rhetoric. Identicalto PHIL 353. Offered spring of even-numbered years.272/372 Beyond the Western Tradition (4) VWe live in a world characterized by multiplicity,plurality, and difference. Students enter into frames ofreference of people with differing experiences of, andassumptions about, the world. We are educated inthis world to the degree that we are aware of our ownboundedness, and that we become skilled in critically

140 PHILOSOPHYPOLITICAL SCIENCE141understanding and integrating the perspectives ofothers. Examines the beliefs of Native Americans,West Africans, Chinese thinkers, and philosophers ofIndia. Offered each spring.292/392 Alternative Futures (4)Is there hope for human beings? Can we forecastfutures as other than more of the same? What choicesmight we exercise in shaping futures? After initialreflections on the human prospect, students work ingroups to conjecture sensibly and usefully aboutpossible alternative futures. Topics include futureshock, coping, population, resources, war,environment, and genetic engineering. Offeredintermittently.304 Environmental Ethics (4) VFrom ancient Sumer to the present, ecologicalrealities have required human beings to reflect ontheir values and their responsibilities to nature.Students examine the relevance of philosophy toenvironmental questions and, in particular, explorethe connection between the environment and ethics.Identical to ENVS 304.310 Theory of Knowledge (4)What is the basis of our knowledge about theworld, other people, ourselves? Focusing on workdone in the 20th century, students examine somerecent theories about the nature of humanknowledge, as well as the related concepts of truth,justification, and belief. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.316 Needs of the Soul (4) VInvestigates a model for political theory found inthe writings of Simone Weil, Simone de Beauvoir,Hannah Arendt and Danielle Allen. History, religion,culture, and human nature are considered in order toformulate a politics that addresses the true needs ofhuman beings. Prerequisite: one course in philosophyor consent. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.328 Buddhist Philosophy (4) VIntroduces the major themes in Buddhistphilosophy. Readings and lectures are aimed atunderstanding the way Buddhist thinkers approachquestions in ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, andphilosophy of mind. Course readings are drawn fromvarious canonical sources that record the teachings ofthe historical Buddha. These are supplemented byadditional readings that discuss the development ofthese teachings in various schools of Buddhistthought. Special emphasis is placed on the Mahayanaand Zen Buddhist traditions. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.332 Ancient Greek Philosophy (4) H,WAn introduction to ancient Greek philosophy.Focuses on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle; may alsoinclude the early scientific thinkers or “pre-Socratics,”who abandoned the supernatural and the Hellenisticschools, which conceived of philosophy as a way tofind peace of mind. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher and sophomore/junior/senior status. Freshmen by consent. Offered each fall.336 Early Modern Philosophy (4) HSurveys the development of early modernphilosophy in light of the scientific background fromwhich it emerged. Major works by Descartes, Leibniz,Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant aresupplemented by readings from women philosophersof the period. Offered each spring.337 The Enlightenment: A Movementand Its Critics (4)V,WExamines a constellation of ideas about art,economics, education, psychology, politics, scienceand philosophy that defined the Enlightenment as anintellectual movement and a historical phenomenon.Reading of selected primary texts grounds thediscussion. Students have extensive opportunities forwriting. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and sophomore status or consent. Offered fallof odd-numbered years.338 19th-Century Philosophy (4)Surveys major trends in post-Kantian Europeanphilosophy. Readings are drawn from the work ofFichte, Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, andothers. Offered spring of even-numbered years.340 Twentieth Century Philosophy (4)Surveys major trends in 20th-centuryphilosophical thought, with special emphasis ondevelopments in Anglo-American Philosophy.Inportant texts by pragmatists, ordinary languagephilosophers and conceptual analysts are read andconsidered in their historical context with the goal ofgaining understanding of the purpose and value ofphilosophical analysis. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.350 Existential Thought (4) VIntensive study of recent phenomenologicalinvestigation into human existence. Thinkers such asKierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, andMerleau-Ponty are discussed. Offered each fall.400 Philosophy Seminar (4)An in-depth study of the work of a single majorphilosopher. The figure selected changes with eachoffering. Contact the department coordinator for thecurrent selection. Offered intermittentlyPHYSICAL SCIENCEDR. GARRY E. NOEDR. DEBORAH E. OTIS, Program CoordinatorPHYSICAL SCIENCE COURSES(PHSC)100 Introduction to Physical Science (4) LEmphasizes the relevance of physical science in theeveryday world and explores the connections betweenchemistry and physics. The laboratory componentallows students to explore the principles of physicsand chemistry using hands-on experiences. Topicsinclude energy, electricity, magnetism, heat, work,light, the atom, chemical bonds, and chemicalreactions. Intended for non-science majors. Lecturethree hours, laboratory three hours each week.Offered each semester.PHYSICSDR. GARRY E. NOE, Program CoordinatorPHYSICS COURSES (PHYS)141 Introduction to Astronomy:The Solar System (4)LA survey of the history of astronomy; the motionof objects in the night sky; gravitation and relativity;telescopes; the sun, planets, moon, meteors, andcomets; the origin of the solar system; spaceexploration; and the search for extraterrestrial life.Designed for non-science majors. Offered each fall.142 Introduction to Astronomy:Stars and Galaxies (4)LA survey of the history of astronomy; theconstellations; the nature of the stars; stellarevolution; white dwarfs, neutron stars, and blackholes; the structure and evolution of the Milky Way;other galaxies, quasars; cosmology. Designed for nonsciencemajors. Prerequisite: MATH 105 with a gradeof B- or higher, MATH placement level H, A, B, orconsent. Offered each spring.221 University Physics I (4) LA calculus-based introduction to kinematics,Newtonian dynamics, work and energy, gravitation,waves, fluid mechanics, kinetic theory, andthermodynamics. Prerequisite: MATH 136 or 171.Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. Offeredeach fall.222 University Physics II (4) LA continuation of PHYS 221. Topics includeelectric fields, circuit analysis, magnetism,geometrical and wave optics, relativity, and atomicstructure. Prerequisite: PHYS 221 with a grade of C-or higher. Corequisite: MATH 172. Lecture threehours, laboratory three hours. Offered each spring.POLITICAL SCIENCEDR. MURRELL L. BROOKSDR. LESLIE A. CAUGHELLDR. WILLIAM A. GIBSONDR. TIMOTHY G. O’ROURKEMR. RENE PEREZ-LOPEZ, (adjunct)DR. AUBREY L. WESTFALL, Program CoordinatorStudents of politics learn to examine and criticallyanalyze political ideas, behavior, culture, institutions,and legal systems, while studying U.S. and foreignpolitical systems, and international relations. You willbuild on the foundation concepts studied inintroductory courses and learn to develop strategiesfor exploring and making political choices aboutimportant issues. Interdisciplinary frameworks areused by faculty in teaching, including economics,psychology, sociology, philosophy, and history.Students prepare for careers in government, nonprofitorganizations, law, international organizations,and private business, as well as preparing for effectivecitizen participation in the political process.In addition to fulfilling the core requirements, themajor requires the students to either choose fourelectives or complete an interest track in Pre-Law,Public Policy and Administration, ComparativePolitics, International Relations, or AmericanGovernment.Major Requirements: Political ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.Introductory courseOne of the following:POLS 103Global RealitiesPOLS 111 4Introduction to Political SciencePOLS 112Introduction to American GovernmentPolitical TheoryOne of the following:POLS 205Introduction to Political Theory 4POLS 239American Political ThoughtSee continuation of choices next page

142 POLITICAL SCIENCEPOLITICAL SCIENCE143Chart continued from previous pageSub-disciplinary studiesPOLS 206Introduction to Comparative PoliticsPOLS 210Introduction to International RelationsPOLS 335American GovernmentPOLS 343Public Administration16MethodologyPOLS 265 4Research MethodsElectivesFour courses from the list below (at leastthree must be 300/400 level). Studentsmay elect an interest track which permitssome specialization within thedepartment’s offerings. Essential coursesare in bold.Pre-Law TrackPOLS 239, 345, 371, 372, 373Public Policy and Administration TrackPOLS 303, 323, 326, 440Comparative Politics TrackFour of the following:POLS 317, 318, 320, 321, 334, 344, 338International Relations TrackFour of the following:POLS 250, 345, 348, 350, 353, 440American Government TrackFour of the following:POLS 201, 302, 307, 308, 337, 37316Senior Integrative ExperiencePOLS 499 4Senior SeminarTOTAL 48Minor Requirements: Political ScienceCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.One of the following:POLS 103Global Realities OR 4POLS 111Introduction to Political ScienceOne of the following:POLS 205Introduction to Political TheoryPOLS 2394American Political ThoughtPolitical Science elective 4Political Science electivesat the 300/400 level 8TOTAL 20POLITICAL SCIENCE COURSES(POLS)103 Global Realities (4) SDesigned for students who want to begin learningabout international relations. Begins with a broadoverview of political, economic, and cultural patternsin today’s global environment; followed by aninventory, evaluation, and comparison of informationsources about international affairs, including print,broadcast, and cable media, the Internet, and CD-ROM and simulation software. Concludes with oneor more case studies of current global issues, such asinternational terrorism, the control of rogue states,denuclearizing warfare, international women’s issues,international environmental problems, and theimpact of global consumerism. Through these casestudies, students learn how to identify keyinternational problems, track them in the media,gather information about them, and develop andevaluate possible solutions. Offered each semester.111 Introduction to Political Science (4) SIntroduces students to the fundamental conceptsand issues in the study of politics. Primary emphasisis placed on ideologies, such as liberal democracy,conservatism, socialism, communism, fascism,nationalism, and on political institutions andbehavior, including legislatures, executives, interestgroups, political parties, political socialization,participation, the expression of political opinion,revolution, and types of political systems. Theseconcepts and issues are considered from bothbehavioral and traditional perspectives. Offered eachsemester.112 Introduction to AmericanGovernment (4)SOffers a citizen’s guide to the American politicalsystem, providing a brief overview of the Founders’constitutional design, the federal system, and politicsand policy-making in the presidency, bureaucracy,Congress, and the Supreme Court. Covers keyjudicial rulings on civil rights and liberties andnational powers. Gives special attention to theelectoral process, the media, and the ways thatordinary citizens can influence governmental policies.Offered each fall.201 State and Local Politics andGovernment (4)SBased on both theoretical and practicalexperiences in state and local government andpolitics. Explores the relationship between local, state,and federal systems. Features office holders and localofficials as guest speakers. Offered each fall.203 Politics and Literature (4) TProvides a literary path to exploring the humanexperience and discovering the role politics plays inthat experience. Through readings and discussion ofclassical utopian and dystopian novels, studentsexplore arguments and concepts detailed in classicpolitical philosophy. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.204 Introduction to FeministPolitical Thought (4)VFeminist theory has always had a political agenda:to improve the situation of women in society. It alsohas theoretical import, asking basic questions aboutpersonal identity and equality, about ethicalobligations to others, about justice and fairness, andabout the history of political theory. This coursebrings together both of these strands, focusing onfeminist theory, feminist politics, and thecontributions that feminist theory can make inthinking about politics in general. Offered ondemand.205 Introduction to Political Theory (4)Introduces students to the classic works ofpolitical philosophy. Readings address issues ofjustice, obligation, equality, the common good,human rights, the role of reason, aims of government,and the nature of politics. Students consider thepower of ideas in political life. Offered each fall.206 Introduction toComparative Politics (4)SAn introduction to cross-national comparativeanalysis, with particular attention to socialmovements, democratization, globalization, and therelative political and economic autonomy of thecountries examined. Country cases include Britain,Germany, India, Iran, Mexico, Nigeria, and theUnited States. Students engage in cross-country casestudiesto compare and contrast major political andeconomic institutions, political culture, parties, andinterest groups; and discuss class-based perspectiveson political conflicts over wealth distribution andsocial justice. Offered each spring.210 Introduction to InternationalRelations (4)SDrawing on both historical and contemporaryexperience, students study the behavioral andinstitutional features of the nation-state and its globalenvironment in their political, military, economic,and cultural aspects. Main topics include power,foreign policy, diplomacy, international organizationand law, arms control, and the global economyconsidered in the context of the post-Cold Warworld. Issues examined include overpopulation, foodand energy scarcity, national and ethnic movements,economic development, environmental problems,and militarism. Offered each fall.239 American Political Thought (4) VExplores major ideas shaping Americaninstitutions of government and politics from thefounding generation to the present. Evaluates thewritings of many different individuals relating to suchissues as slavery and race, capitalism and social justice,and feminist political theory. Readings include theFederalist Papers, selections from Democracy inAmerica and works by Malcolm X, Dr. Martin LutherKing, and Betty Friedan. Offered each spring.250 Introduction to InternationalPolitical Economy (4)SAn overview of the political institutions andconflicts that structure our contemporaryinternational economy. Readings and discussionsexamine major issues at the center of current politicalscience research, policy debate, and popular politicaldiscourse. Postwar systems of international trade andfinance, as well as divergent policy goals of states andsocieties of the North and South are examined.Offered each spring.265 Research Methods (4) QIntroduces the political science major to themethods of political research. Students learn howpolitical scientists know what they know, and howthey gain tools with which to explore, describe,explain, present, and debate this knowledge. Studentsactively experience every dimension of the researchprocess as they plan, design, and carry out their ownprojects, then communicate their findings in writtenand oral formats. Daily classes include lecture anddiscussion of class readings, and individual studentresearch. Offered each fall.302 Ethnicity and Politics:Latinos in America (4)SA study of how Latinos have adapted to U.S.political ways in order to participate in U.S. politicsand press their political agenda. Offered each fall.

144 POLITICAL SCIENCEPOLITICAL SCIENCE145303 Urban Politics (4)Students examine scholarly perspectives on theevolution of political processes, institutions, theintergovernmental context, key actors andcontemporary issues in urban politics such as urbansprawl and economic development. A major part ofthis class is a six-week simulation of a city governmentwhere students take roles of city councilors, lawyers,business leaders, and citizen activists in makingimportant decisions about the city’s future.Prerequisite: junior/senior status. Offered spring ofodd-numbered years.307 The Presidency and theAmerican Political System (4)Examines the institutions and processes ofAmerican government in regard to the presidency.Offered spring of even-numbered years.308 Elections in American Politics (4)Examines the dynamics of the American electionssystem. Students explore theoretical literature thatseeks to explain elections and their outcomes, andengage in practical activities associated with therunning of electoral campaigns. Prerequisites: juniorstatus or consent. Offered intermittently.315 Politics in the Media (4)Explores recurring themes in studies of the massmedia, including the interplay between newsproducers, consumers, and politicians. Students willexamine the role of mass media within a democracy,the media’s effects on the citizens who consume it,and how the economic needs of news producersshapes their product. Prerequisites: POLS 111 or112. Offered on demand.317 Comparative Politics:Asian Pacific Rim (4)HExamines political systems and the dynamics ofpolitical change in the eleven East and SoutheastAsian nations of the Pacific Rim, a region that hasassumed a commanding presence in world politicsand the world economy. Includes study of Japan,China, and selected nations from among Korea,Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam,Cambodia, Laos and Burma. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.318 Comparative Politics: South Asia (4)Highlights the confrontation of Western politicalforms with traditional non-Western and pre-colonialcultures and alternative strategies for political andeconomic development in an analysis of the politicsof nation-building in the South Asian portion of theThird World. India and Pakistan are the main casesstudied, although examples may be taken from Iran,Afghanistan, and perhaps Bangladesh and Malaysia aswell. Offered on demand.320 Comparative Politics:Latin America (4)Examines major problems of political andeconomic modernization by considering LatinAmerican political systems in their variousapproaches to development. Focuses on key examplesof the successes and failures of the variousdevelopmental strategies: e.g., Cuba, Chile, Peru,Brazil, and Mexico. Gives special attention to theimpact of United States’ policies upon the region as awhole. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.321 Politics and Literature ofLatin America (4)Focuses on readings from the political writings ofselected Latin American thinkers. Students analyzewritings that range in time from the SpanishConquest to the present, providing a historicaloverview of the development of the political thoughtin Latin America. Offered spring of even-numberedyears.323 Topics in Public Policy Analysis (4) S,WUsing policy analysis models students examine aset of substantive public policy issues to establish theissue context, define the policy problems, andevaluate alternative solutions. Topics may differ eachsemester and may include the environment, healthcare, crime, urban policy, poverty, and welfare.Offered on demand.326 Environmental Policy Analysis (4) S,WExamines environmental politics and policy bystudying a set of substantive environmental policyissues to establish the issue context, define the policyproblems and evaluate alternative solutions. Identicalto ENVS 326. Offered each spring.334 Comparative Politics:Contemporary Africa (4)Introduces students to the significant issuessurrounding the politics, economics, sociology, andforeign relations of modern Africa. Focuses on thecore theoretical and conceptual ideas that underpinthe study of Africa, as well as the primarycontemporary problems facing African nations.Offered spring of odd-numbered years.335 American Government (4) SAcquaints students with the workings of oursystem of federal government. The Constitution, thepresidency, Congress, the Supreme Court, politicalparties, and the regulatory agencies are treated asseparate units of a unified focus upon our institutionsof national government. Offered each fall.337 American Legislative Process (4)Examines the structure and function of lawmaking in Congress and the state legislatures,including consideration of such topics as committees,representation, policy making, leadership, andinterest group influence. Also examines the impact ofCongress and state legislatures on vital issues of publicpolicy ranging from foreign policy to urban policy, orfrom taxation to energy policy. The role of partypolitics and campaigns in the legislative process arealso considered. Offered intermittently.338 Comparative Politics:Middle East and North Africa (4)Offers students a basic understanding of broadtrends of social change, state building, and economicdevelopment in the modern Middle East and NorthAfrica (MENA) during the post-World War I period.Attends to distinctions across MENA states alongthese three major dimensions, with special attentionto public and private responses to modernization,democratization, and globalization. Offered fall ofeven-numbered years.343 Public Administration (4) SReviews contemporary approaches to policymakingand decision-making techniques in light ofthe values represented in them and their promises forserving the public interest. Examines classic andmodern theories of bureaucracy; the history,development, and philosophical assumptions of thescience of administration; the structure andfunctioning of American federal, state, and localadministration; the budget-making process;government regulations of business and society; andthe major challenges facing governmentalprofessionals in our time. Offered each spring.344 European Union in World Politics (4) SExamines the foreign policies of Europeancountries, both individually and collectively throughthe European Union, toward one another, regionaland intergovernmental organizations, and otherregions of the world. Explores other issues related toEurope economic and political integration, includingnational identities, democratic accountability, theUnion’s expansion, U.S.-European relations, theEuropean Constitution, Turkey’s bid to join theUnion, and immigration and Islam in Europe.Prerequisite: junior status or consent. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.345 International Law andOrganizations (4)SIntroduces rules and institutions providing thecontext for global politics. Examines howinternational and non-governmental organizationsattempt to establish and protect internationalstandards of political behavior. Special focus is placedon the United Nations, equipping students forparticipation in the National Model United Nationsin New York City. Prerequisite: consent. Offered eachfall.346 Model United Nations (1)Provides further understanding of the operationsof the United Nations, including the UN’sbureaucratic structure, resolution writing, multilateraldiplomacy, and specific issues in contemporaryinternational politics. Guides students’ preparationfor and participation in the annual National ModelUnited Nations conference. Pass/fail grading.Prerequisite: consent. May be repeated for credit.Offered each spring.348 International Human Rights (4) S,WExamines the practical and philosophicalquestions surrounding civil, political, social, andeconomic rights, self-determination, and minorityrights. Explores the contemporary practice of humanrights in policy-making and law, with specialemphasis on the role of politics in theirinterpretation, implementation, and enforcement.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand junior status or consent. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.350 Immigration and Citizenship (4) S,WExplores the causes and consequences ofinternational migration, how governments regulate it,and how it transforms our ideas of citizenship.Migrants contribute to their native and adoptedlands, but also exacerbate inequality, enflamenationalist sentiments, and carry with them valuesand attitudes that may threaten existing socioculturaland political orders. Offered fall of even-numberedyears.353 Globalization and Its Discontents (4) SStudies the theoretical, political, economic, andinstitutional foundations and practices of free trade.Students develop case studies from Internet data onthe issues and stakeholders in the globalization debateand the impact of their activities. Included amongthese are human rights, environmental, and laborgroups; the World Bank; the World TradeOrganization; and global corporation. Offered inselected Winter Sessions.

146 POLITICAL SCIENCEPORTFOLIO147355 Women, Power and Politics (4) SExamines women in politics from an internationalperspective while answering the following questions:Why have some countries integrated womenpolitically, while others have not? How do men andwomen differ politically, and how do these differencesaffect the political game? What policy issues dominatewomen’s agendas? How do governments handlewomen’s policy concerns? Prerequisite: junior/seniorstatus or consent. Offered spring of odd-numberedyears.371 Constitutional Law I:The Federal System (4)An introduction to the American constitutionalsystem. Examines the sources and allocation ofpowers among the three branches of the federalgovernment, including the nature and extent of theSupreme Court’s authority and the relationshipbetween the federal and state governments.Prerequisite: junior/senior status or consent. Offeredfall of even-numbered years.372 Constitutional Law II:Substantive Rights (4)An introduction to the protection of civil rightsand civil liberties within the American constitutionalsystem, including equal protection (race, gender andother forms of discrimination), privacy and personalautonomy, freedom of expression and association,and religious freedom. Prerequisite: junior/seniorstatus or consent. Offered spring of odd-numberedyears.373 Conflict Management (4) S,WExamines conflict processes within and betweenorganizations and alternative approaches to conflictmanagement, drawing on the contributions ofseveral disciplines and experience in organization,community, and labor dispute management.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Identical to MBE 373. Offered each fall.422 Political Science Seminar Abroad (4) SThis course combines theoretical and empiricalanalysis with cultural immersion, by introducingstudents to the major political, economic, social, andforeign policy issues governing international relations.Prerequisite: Consent. Travel course. Offered inWinter Session on demand.440 Seminar: American Foreign Policy (4)Examines American foreign policy formation.Focuses first on the foreign policy process, then oncase studies of specific foreign policy decisions inAmerican history. Provides a framework for informedevaluation of American foreign policy. Prerequisite:junior/senior status or consent. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.498 Political Science Internship Program (8)Political science majors apply the knowledge andskills learned in their political science classes in a fulltime,semester-long internship. The field experiencemay be in government agencies at the local, state, andfederal levels; law, law enforcement, non-profits,political parties, social service or another setting.Prerequisites: 8 semester hours of political science orconsent. Offered on demand.499 Senior Seminar (4) IRequired of all students wishing to graduate fromVirginia Wesleyan with a major in political science.Team taught by members of the department. Topicvaries each spring. Examples of seminars offered inthe past are Democratization and Development,Politics and the Media, War and Peace in the NuclearAge, Political Development and Changes in LatinAmerica and Asia, and Images of Justice. Open to allstudents. May be repeated as topics vary. Prerequisite:consent. Offered each spring.PORTFOLIODR. LAWRENCE D. HULTGREN, DirectorPORTfolio is a selective four-year program thatallows students to integrate their college educationwith off-campus experiential opportunities. Thepurpose of PORTfolio is to provide a curriculumthrough which students can build the foundation forthe knowledge, attitudes, and skills that are necessaryfor life-long personal satisfaction, professional successand civic responsibility. By dissolving the wallseparating academics from the world outside, itconnects liberal learning with the surroundingcommunity. Each student in the program maintainsand continually updates an electronic portfolio thatdocuments her/his four years at VWC.Students apply and are accepted as new in-comingfreshmen. The program includes at least one speciallydesigned seminar a year, an internship and WinterSession courses for externships and service learning.Completion of the program satisfies VWC’scomputer literacy and oral communicationsrequirement as well as other General Studiesrequirements. The program is taken in addition toone’s major.PORTFOLIO COURSES (PORT)121 Introduction to the PORTfolioProgram: Self and Circumstance (4)A time of self-exploration and discovery involvingclose work with faculty mentors and otherPORTfolio students. Readings, off-campusexplorations, and the development of an electronicportfolio assist students in clarifying their ownreasons for coming to Virginia Wesleyan, theirpurposes while they are here, and the uniqueresources that they bring to the learning process. Inaddition, students discover their connections to theChesapeake Bay environment and the internationalport of Hampton Roads and begin to use theseunique resources to enrich their education.Prerequisite: admission to PORTfolio Program.Taken in the fall of the freshman year.122 Liberal Arts Seminar (4)What are the liberal arts, and why spend fourgood years studying them? In the U.S., the liberal artsare housed institutionally in colleges and theundergraduate programs of universities, so thequestions may be rephrased as: What are colleges?What are they for? How do they try to accomplishtheir goals? These questions are approached in severalways. One is historical. How did colleges in general,and VWC in particular, get to be the way they are?Where do ideas of what it means to be liberallyeducated come from? A second is more philosophical.What does it mean to know something? How wouldyou teach, given different answers to that question?Another is normative. What should colleges ingeneral be doing? What kind of curriculum should wehave at Virginia Wesleyan? Offered each spring.123 Service Learning in Hampton Roads (1)Raises civic consciousness by fostering engagedcitizenship where students perform a week of directcommunity service. Orientation and preparationbefore the direct service, as well as a reflection journal,document student learning. May be repeated forcredit. Identical to INST 123. Offered each WinterSession.124 Service Learning and Issues ofCivic Engagement in Hampton Roads (4)Students are introduced to a community-basedproject and investigate the issue involved throughresearch, reading, and lecture, followed by a week ofdirect community service. Includes reflection,assessment, and consideration of broader contexts.May be repeated for credit. Identical to INST 124.Offered each Winter Session.221 Problem Solving Seminar (2)A course for sophomores participating in thePORTfolio Program. Develops problem-solving skillsby having students work out solutions, individuallyand collaboratively, to real-life situations. Culminatesin guided design. Prerequisite: PORT 122. Offeredon demand.225 Career Study (4)Provides an in-depth introduction to a career fieldof choice, an externship experience in that careerfield, and subsequent reporting and processing.Students spend the first week researching the careerchoice made in previous PORTfolio courses and thesite at which they will extern. In the second week theycarry out the on-site externship. The final week isused to document, process, and present the lessonslearned. They include final reflection and summary inan updated electronic portfolio. Offered each WinterSession and upon request during a three-weeksummer session.311 Director’s Seminar (2)Provides a venue for PORTfolio students toinvestigate in depth some topic of relevance and stayabreast of current developments in career andgraduate school planning. Meets once a week overdinner with visiting speakers and presentations byCareer Services staff. Prerequisite: sophomore statusin the PORTfolio Program or consent of the programdirector. Offered each fall or on demand.420 President’s Senior Seminar (1)Provides the capstone to the PORTfolio Program.Taught by the President of the college, this seminarfocuses on ethical values, commitment tocommunity, and ways in which students can put theirliberal learning to work for the personal and collectivegood. Prerequisite: senior status in PORTfolio.421 Senior Synthesis and Segue (2)Provides the capstone to the PORTfolio Program.Students reflect, synthesize and write about their fouryears of learning experiences. A focus on ethical valuesallows students to discover how they can put theirliberal learning to work for the common good.Emphasizes responsibilities to oneself, to one another,and to the community in the transition from collegeto “the rest of their lives.” Each student’s electronicportfolio is completed through the addition ofindividual reflections, synthesis, explorations, andpreparations. Prerequisite: senior status inPORTfolio. Offered each spring.

148 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SERIESPSYCHOLOGY149PROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENT SERIESProfessional Development Series (PDS) listingscontain non-degree courses, workshops, and seminarsdesigned for individuals in public/private education,business, government, and other career areas.Teachers can use course offerings for VirginiaDepartment of Education license recertification orfor insight and preparation in the National BoardCertification process. Questions about these coursesshould be directed to Mr. Thomas R. Farley in theAdult Studies Program office.PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENTSERIES COURSES (PDS)NB1 Professional Development andPre-Candidacy for National BoardCertification (4 non-degree sem. hrs.)Teachers will investigate best-teaching practicesacross the curricula and grade levels, K-12. Tailored tomeet individual needs, teachers will explore strategiesto improve their teaching and to impact studentlearning while they become familiar with the goals ofthe National Board for Professional TeachingStandards. This course is not a requirement of theNational Board certification process. This is a gradedcourse. Offered each semester and Summer Session.NB2 Personalized Professional Growthand National Board Certification(1-3 non-degree sem. hrs.)Teachers engage in a guided study centered on apersonal professional development program workingfrom an overview of the candidate process and guidedby the mission, goals, and processes of the NationalBoard for Professional Teaching Standards. Theyinvestigate “best teaching practices” across thecurricula and grade levels, K-12. Covers portfoliorequirements and assessment center exercises,including video taping your class for NBPTS review,descriptive, analytical and reflective writing styles,NBPTS Assessment Center exercises, and collectedstudent work samples. Skills such as questioning,differentiated instructional strategies, and portfoliomaintenance are developed and revised. Pass/failgrading. Offered each semester.NB3 National Board Standards in YourClassroom (1 non-degree sem. hr.)Designed for individuals who are currentlyteaching in a classroom setting. Introduces teachers tothe mission, goals, and processes of the NationalBoard for Professional Teaching Standards. Theyexplore and determine their levels of interest inseeking National Board Certification. While thecourse encourages teachers to seek National BoardCertification, it serves as an opportunity for teachersto consider strategies to improve their teaching and toimpact student learning. They investigate anddemonstrate “best teaching practices” across theirspecific curricula and grade level (K-12) through useof professional journals and reference materials,production of a professional reading report, designingand executing a content improvement plan,videotaping a lesson, implementing newdifferentiated instructional strategies, and creating anessay about the video-taped lesson with learningstrategy implementation using descriptive, analyticaland reflective writing. Pass/fail grading. Offered eachsemester and Summer Session.NB4 Take One Candidate SupportWorkshop (2 non-degree sem. hrs.)Designed to fine-tune the skills developed duringthe PDS-NB1 course. Topics include the CorePropositions, videotaping, effective instructionalpractices and writing an entry. Included in classdiscussions is appropriate alignment to nationalcurriculum standards as well as NBPTS standardsapplicable to the Take One! Entry. Teachers completethe Take One! Entry. Pass/fail grading. Offered eachsemester.PDS NB5 Professional Developmentfor National Board Certification -Completing the Journey(1 non-degree sem. hr.)Teachers focus on the final details of the portfolioentry and become familiar with the assessment centerexercises. Focuses on peer review and collegiatecollaboration as the portfolio is prepared forfinalization. They investigate content-specific to theircertification and the alignment to national standards.Serves as an opportunity for teachers to criticallyconsider strategies to improve their teaching and toimpact student learning. Pass/fail grading.Prerequisite: PDS NB2. Offered each spring.PDS NB6 National BoardRenewal Workshop (1 non-degreesem. hr.)A series of five class meetings to introduce NBCTrenewal candidates to the renewal process, providesupport as candidates examine their professionalgrowth experiences, and complete their four-partportfolio to demonstrate continued accomplishedteaching. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: currentNational Board Certified Teacher (NBCT);approaching ten year renewal within one (1) year.Offered each semester.PDS POLS 1 Women and Politics (2)Examine women in politics from an internationalperspective. Teaching in public schools depends onpolitical negotiations; this course illuminates barriersand opportunities for women working in the publicsphere. Knowing difficulties and advantages womenface allows teachers to equip students with skills,strategies and knowledge to ensure success in agendered world. Prerequisite: teacher recertification.Offered on demand (summer only).PDS POLS 2 Media and Democracy (2)Explores the political effects of the news media.Teachers in public schools play an important role instudents’ development of the skills necessary tobecome a critical media consumer. Familiarity withmedia effects improves teachers’ abilities to helpstudents develop media literacy skills, a necessity indemocratic societies. Prerequisite: teacher recertification.Offered on demand (summer only).PDS PSY Abnormal Psychologyfor Teachers (2 )Addresses common psychological abnormalitiesthat teachers may encounter in the K-12 classroom.Topics will include depression, anxiety, learningdisabilities, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, andtopics requested by participants. Discussion andassignments will center on relevant classroomstrategies and personal experiences, which will be tiedto psychological literature. Prerequisite: teacherrecertification. Offered on demand (summer only).PDS REC 1 Disabilities in the Media (2)Through the use of popular media teachers willexplore various disabilities, related challenges andprejudices individuals with disabilities mayencounter. Discussion of physical, psychological,emotional, and social disabilities allow forexamination of how disabilities, and interactionsbetween those with and without disabilities, areportrayed in the media. Ideal for special educationand adapted PE teachers. Prerequisite: teacherrecertification. Offered on demand (summer only).PDS REC 2 Outdoor ExperientialEducation and Recreation (2)A series of experiences, discussions, and readingsabout theories, current issues and practices in outdooreducation and recreation. Teachers plan, prepare, andimplement outdoor experiences based on standardsin the field—including strategies to implementkinesthetic learning into their existing and/or newlesson plans and classroom activities. The class willmeet on campus as well as local off campus sites tobe announced. Entrance fees, parking andtransportation are the responsibility of the student.Prerequisite: teacher recertification. Offered ondemand (summer only).PDS SOC 1 Visual Sociology of theCivil Rights Movement (2)Documentary films of the civil rights movementin the United States are used to investigate, discuss,and interpret social movement theories such asresource mobilization, framing, relative deprivation,and political process. Content appropriate forSociology, World History II, U.S. History, andGovernment teachers. Prerequisite: teacherrecertification. Offered on demand (summer only).PDS ENG 1 Perspectives on AmericanLiterature (2 non-degreesem. hr.)Examines the major figures and movements inAmerican letters from the establishment of theEuropean colonies in North America through thepresent day. Emphasis will be on perspectives helpfulin teaching these works in the school classroom.Prerequisite: teacher recertification. Offered ondemand (summer only).PDS ENG 2 African-AmericanLiterature (2 )A series of five class meetings to introduce NBCTrenewal candidates to the renewal process, providesupport as candidates examine their professionalgrowth experiences, and complete their four-partportfolio to demonstrate continued accomplishedteaching. Pass/fail grading. Prerequisite: teacherrecertification. Offered on demand (summer only).PDS LATN 1 Teaching Latin Topicsfor the AP Examination (2)Students read, translate, and discuss texts andaspects of civilization relevant to the teaching of theLatin Advanced Placement Exam. Prerequisite:teacher recertification. Offered on demand (summeronly).PSYCHOLOGYDR. CRAIG C. JACKSONDR. GABRIELA A. MARTORELL, Program CoordinatorDR. TARYN A. MYERSBecause psychology has developed as aninterdisciplinary subject, historically related tophilosophy and biology, it is well suited as a major forstudents seeking a diversified education that willadvance their understanding of themselves andothers. Students desiring to enter a specialty field of

150 PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGY151professional psychology that requires a master’s ordoctoral degree find that the undergraduatecurriculum provides thorough preparation forgraduate study.Major Requirements: PsychologyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.PSY 101General Psychology: Basic ProcessesPSY 102 8Introduction to Psychology:Behavior in ContextPSY 210Statistical Analysis in Psychology8PSY 320Research Methods in PsychologyOne of the following:PSY 227Social PsychologyPSY 256Abnormal Psychology 4PSY 205Lifespan Developmental PsychologyPSY 285Theories of PersonalityOne of the following:PSY 313Clinical NeuropsychologyPSY 362Theories of Motivation: Human BehaviorPSY 388 4CognitionPSY 450Evolutionary PsychologyPSY 455Biological PsychologyTwo other courses at the 300/400 level 8PSY 4774History & Systems of Modern PsychologyPSY 4804Original Research ProjectTOTAL 40Due to the interdisciplinary nature of our subject,students who are considering the psychology majorshould work closely with their academic advisors inselecting general studies and elective courses that willprovide them with necessary background knowledge.Courses in the humanities and the natural sciences areparticularly appropriate.The Psychology Major as Preparationfor the Healthcare ProfessionsStudents planning to enter schools of medicine,dentistry, or other healthcare fields after college canmajor in psychology and still have time to takeessential courses in the natural sciences. Practitionerswho can consider the psychological factors thatcontribute to their patients’ complaints and reactionsto treatment often find that having this perspectiveimproves their diagnostic and therapeuticeffectiveness. The college’s pre-medical advisor candescribe how this curricular integration can beachieved through careful planning.Minor Requirements: PsychologyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.One of the following:PSY 101Introduction to Psychology IPSY 102 4Introduction to Psychology IIPSY 477History & Systems of Modern PsychologyOne of the following:PSY 227Social PsychologyPSY 205Lifespan Developmental Psychology 4PSY 256Abnormal PsychologyPSY 285Theories of PersonalityOne of the following:PSY 362Theories of Motivation: Human BehaviorPSY 388CognitionPSY 350 4Evolutionary PsychologyPSY 3xxClinical NeurosciencePSY 455Biological PsychologyAdditional coursework in psychology.At least four semester hours must be 8at the 300/400 levelTOTAL 20Minor programs may not include PSY 210, 220,300, 303, or 480. See a psychology advisor forsuggestions about minor courses that best fit themajor area.PSYCHOLOGY COURSES (PSY)101 Introduction to Psychology I (4)The first part of the introductory psychologycourse and a prerequisite for other psychologycourses. Covers research methods, theoreticalperspectives, biological foundations of behavior,sensory and perceptual processes, cognition, learning,memory, and consciousness. Intended for freshmenand sophomores. Offered each fall.102 Introduction to Psychology II (4)The second part of the introductory psychologysequence and a prerequisite for other psychologycourses. Behavior in Context covers development,motivation, emotion, personality, social psychology,psychological disorders, and industrial/organizationaland health psychology. Intended for freshmen andsophomores. Offered each spring.205 Lifespan Developmental Psychology (4)Development of the individual across the lifespan,from conception to death. Surveys the biologicalbases and social contexts of developmental processes,including theory, research and practical applications.Prerequisite: PSY 101, 102, or 201. Offered fall ofeven-numbered years.210 Statistical Analysis in Psychology (4) QExamines the role of data analysis in psychologicalresearch, stressing understanding of the fit of analysistechniques with data collection methods and researchdesign. Emphasizes selection of the appropriatestatistic, computation, and interpretation of results.Includes the application of computer softwarefor data management, analysis, and graphing.Prerequisites: sophomore/junior status, completion ofthe general studies math requirement, declared majorin psychology or consent. Offered each fall.227 Social Psychology (4)Explores our development as socialized humanbeings shaped through our interactions with groupsof other people and how the structure and function ofboth the formal and informal groups that exist in asociety are shaped by the personalities of theindividuals who comprise their membership.Students discover both academically andexperientially the nature of such group-relatedpsychological dynamics as attitude formation,interpersonal attraction, social conflict, andbureaucratic organization. Prerequisite: PSY 102,201, or SOC 100. Identical to SOC 227. Offeredeach fall.256 Abnormal Psychology (4)The various categories of disturbed behavior aredescribed in terms of their defining symptompatterns. Causes, diagnosis, treatment, andprevention are also discussed. Prerequisite: PSY 101,102, or 201. Offered each spring.285 Theories of Personality (4)A survey of the major theoretical descriptions ofpersonality structure, beginning with Freud’spsychodynamic model and tracing developmentsthereafter through exposure to significant alternativeviewpoints. Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201.Offered each fall.313 Clinical Neuropsychology (4)Facilitates learning about the connections andinteractions between neuroanatomy and functioningof the brain and neuropsychological disorders.Considers how clinical neuropsycholgists assess,diagnose, and treat dysfunctions in these areas.Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.320 Research Methods in Psychology (4)Students prepare an empirical research proposalusing the scientific method. Focuses on usingprofessional literature, the logic of empirically basedinquiry, selection of appropriate data, ethicalresponsibilities, and the human subjects reviewprocess. Prerequisites: junior status and at least 8semester hours in psychology, including PSY 210with a grade of C- or higher, or consent. Offered eachspring.321 Industrial/Organizational Psychology (4)Presents an overview of individual, environmental,and organizational factors that affect job-relatedbehavior. Topics include selection, testing,motivation, job satisfaction, job analysis,performance evaluation, safety and violence in theworkplace, stress, leadership, and engineeringpsychology. Prerequisites: junior/senior status andPSY 101, 102 or 201, or consent. Offered spring ofeven-numbered years.333 Assessment of Individual Differences (4)An examination of the theoretical and practicalconsiderations involved in the construction,administration, and interpretation of psychologicaltests to measure such factors as achievement,aptitudes, interests, and personality structure.Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.

152 PSYCHOLOGYRECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIES153350 Psychology and the Law (4)Presents an opportunity to view the practicalapplication of psychology within the criminal justicesystem. The foundations of forensic psychology areillustrated by coverage of related topics by news andpopular media, as well as by related service learningand interaction with professionals in the field.Prerequisites: junior/senior status and PSY 101 or201. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.351 Psychology of Gender (4)Explores how being born into one gender categoryand not the other has a profound impact on howindividuals are treated, what they expect ofthemselves, and how they lead their lives. Takes apsychological approach to critically examine sex andgender differences across a variety of life domains.Prerequisites: PSY 101, PSY 102 or 201 andjunior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.354 Clinical Psychology (4) WInvites students to explore the field of clinicalpsychology by examining the roles of clinicians andcritically exploring various therapeutic techniques inuse today. Students engage in readings, discussions,role-plays, viewing videos of therapy, and writing toexplore the multi-faceted world of psychotherapy.Prerequisites: PSY 101 or 102, or PSY 201 andjunior/senior status. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.362 Theories of Motivation:Human Behavior (4)The activation, direction and maintenance ofgoal-oriented behavior is studied from a variety oftheoretical perspectives. The primary focus is onconscious behaviors such as goal-setting, selection ofself versus other perspectives, and the effects of suchorientations on behavior as well as psychologicalneeds; and on specific topics such as altruism andaggression. Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201 andjunior/senior status.372 Infant Development (4)An overview of biological, psychological, andenvironmental influences on human developmentfrom conception through toddlerhood, currentpsychological theories and research. Prerequisites:PSY 101, PSY 102 or PSY 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered spring of even-numbered years.373 Child Development (4)An overview of biological, psychological, andenvironmental influences on human development inchildhood, including current psychological theories,research, and real-world applications. Prerequisites:PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/senior psychologymajor. Offered fall of even-numbered years.374 Adolescent Development (4)Study of adolescents’ physical growth, psychologicaldevelopment, and behavior. Emphasizes themajor determinants of adolescent development andbehavior, the theoretical approaches, concepts,principles, and research findings about adolescence,and their applications in real-life situations.Prerequisites: junior/senior status and PSY 101, 102or 201. Offered on demand.375 Adult Development and Aging (4)An overview of environmental, cultural, andbiological influences on adult development andaging, focusing on gains and losses and coveringcurrent psychological theories and research.Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.385 Psychology of Eating Disorders (4)Explores the psychology of eating disordersthrough readings, discussion, lectures, studentresearch and presentations, and visits by clinicians.Students examine the pathology of eating disorders,as well as risk and protective factors for thesedisorders. Issues investigated include comorbiditywith other disorders, etiology, neurobiology, andtreatment and prevention. Prerequisites: PSY 101,102 or 201 and junior/senior status, or consent.Offered Winter Sessions of even-numbered years.388 Cognition (4)Examines research findings that help usunderstand how people perceive, remember, andthink. Provides extensive opportunities for studentsto gain valuable insights regarding their owncognitive skills. Prerequisites: junior/senior status andPSY 101, 102, or 201. Offered on demand.389 Topics in Psychology (4)An advanced seminar designed to study theprimary literature on various announced topics inpsychology. Topics vary across semesters and mayinclude community psychology, health psychology,social cognition, and self and identity. May berepeated for credit as topics vary. Prerequisite:junior/senior status and PSY 101, 102, or 201.Offered intermittently.394 Psychology in Film, Memoir,and Science (4)AAn explanation of psychological topics of interestthrough the multiple lenses of nonfiction writing,films, and scientific reporting. Topical themes inpsychology are emphasized, and particular emphasisis placed on critique of the films from both an artisticand a psychological scientific standpoint. Prerequisite:junior/senior status or consent. Offered WinterSessions of odd-numbered years.450 Evolutionary Psychology (4)Examines how evolution has shaped behavioral,cognitive, and emotional mechanisms to help ourhunter/gatherer ancestors cope with recurrentevolutionary problems. Students discuss whyevolutionary approaches have met with suchcontroversy, implications for understanding behaviorin contemporary environments, and how culture andour evolved minds interact to produce behaviors.Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.455 Biological Psychology (4)A survey of the basic physiological andpsychological mechanisms that underlie selected areasof mental life and human behavior. Attention is givento sensory processes, motivation and regulations,memory, attention, and emotional experience.Prerequisites: PSY 101, 102, or 201 and junior/seniorstatus. Offered fall of even-numbered years.469 Uncertainty, Self, and Society (4)Explores how, in today’s society, people mustprepare for and adapt to rapid and dramatic changesin the world around them. Critically examines themeaning and role of psychological uncertainty in ourpersonal lives and in society overall. Prerequisites:PSY 101, 102 or 201 and junior/senior status.Offered spring of even-numbered years.477 History and Systems ofModern Psychology (4)IAn examination of psychology’s evolution from itsroots in vintage philosophical and biological concernsto its present diversity of research directions and areasof application that reveals the issues of substance andmethodology that have systematically developed.Emphasizes analysis, synthesis, and evaluation ofinformation. Especially useful to the psychologymajor seeking to identify a topic for the originalresearch project (see PSY 480) and the non-majorinterested in an advanced but general coverage offundamental psychological trends and perspectives.Prerequisite: junior/senior status. Offered each fall.479 Internship in Psychology (4)Students work independently in an agency,organization, department, or other applied settingthat allows for hands-on application of concepts andskills developed during their coursework inpsychology. They meet weekly to process theirexperiences and complete integrative final projectsregarding their experiences. Prerequisites: PSY 320;junior/senior psychology major; minimum GPA of2.5; consent. Offered each spring.480 Original Research Project (4) WStudents conduct an independent empirical study,prepare a paper on their research, and defend theeffort in an oral examination before a committeecomprised of the project advisor, one otherpsychology faculty member, and one faculty memberoutside of psychology. Prerequisites: seniorpsychology major, ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher, PSY 210, PSY 320 with a grade of C- orhigher, and approval by project advisor.489 Social Cognition (4)Explores the ways that people make sense of theirsocial worlds. Classic and contemporary scholarshipfrom four main perspectives is integrated to form anunderstanding of six key phenomena: prejudice,attitudes, self and identity, attributions, socialperceptions, and ideology. Prerequisites: PSY 101,102 or 201 and junior/senior status. Offered fall ofodd-numbered years.RECREATION ANDLEISURE STUDIESDR. TINA M. ALDRICHDR. DOUGLAS A. KENNEDY, CPRPDR. WAYNE M. POLLOCK, CTRS,Program CoordinatorWithin the framework of the liberal arts, themission of the Recreation and Leisure StudiesDepartment is to educate students as informedconsumers, skilled professionals, and advocates ofrecreation and leisure services throughout theirpersonal and professional lives. The recreation andleisure studies major allows students to discover thisexciting discipline and focus upon one of two careertracks, recreation administration and recreationtherapy. The course offerings are designed to providepractical “hands-on” learning experiences with localagencies. By combining the concepts, skills, andperspectives of recreation and leisure studies courseswith carefully selected elective courses, students mayexpect both to become liberally educated and toachieve to their career objectives in the recreationprofession. The major also culminates in a semesterlonginternship, allowing students to continue theirlearning while applying their knowledge to “real-life”practice in recreation agencies. The major has beenaccredited since 1984 by the National Council onAccreditation of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism

154 RECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIESRECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIES155Related Professions. All students completing theprogram are eligible to take the national examinationto be recognized as a Certified Park and RecreationProfessional (CPRP). Students completing therecreation therapy track and designated courseworkare also eligible to take the national examination tobecome a Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist(CTRS).Major Requirements:Recreation and Leisure StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.REC 101Introduction to Recreation 4& Leisure ServicesREC 204Leadership I: Leadership & 4Analysis of RecreationREC 206Management of Recreation & 4Leisure Services IREC 308Historical, Cultural, & Professional 4Dimensions of Recreation & LeisureREC 309Internship Preparation in Recreation 2& Leisure StudiesREC 4084Senior SeminarREC 409Internship in Recreation & 12Leisure StudiesSW 336Human Growth & Development: 4Life Course ApproachAdditional courses for either theRecreation Administration or 20Recreation Therapy TrackTOTAL 58Recreation Administration TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.REC 3404Recreation Program PrinciplesREC 341Management of Recreation & 4Leisure Services IIREC 342Fieldwork in Recreation & 4Leisure StudiesTwo of the following: REC 343,8344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349Recreation Therapy TrackCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 20SEM.HRS.REC 2124Introduction to Recreational TherapyREC 3104Disabilities & Therapeutic RecreationREC 3114Recreational Therapy ProcessREC 313Recreational Therapy Management 4& OrganizationREC 314Recreational Therapy Analysis 4& AssessmentStudents wishing to sit for the CTRSCertification Examination must alsocomplete the following courses:COURSE NUMBER AND TITLEPSY 101General Psychology: Basic ProcessesPSY 256Abnormal PsychologyBIO 221Anatomy & PhysiologyTwo additional supportive coursesapproved by the advisorTOTAL 20SEM.HRS.4448TOTAL 20HEALTH EDUCATION COURSES(HE)201 Safety and First Aid (4)Provides the general public with the knowledgeand skills necessary to meet and handle mostemergency situations when first-aid care is needed.Incorporates personal safety and accident preventioninformation and acquaints students with the manycauses of accidents so care can be taken to eliminateor minimize such causes. Offered fall and spring ofodd-numbered years.PHYSICAL EDUCATIONCOURSES (PE)(Activity fees apply to some PE courses.)106 Basic Pocket Billiards (1)Offered intermittently.109 Ballet (1)Offered intermittently.114 Archery and Badminton (1)Offered intermittently.115 Beginning Tennis (1)Offered intermittently.116 Personal Fitness Training (1)Offered intermittently.118 Creative Movement (1)Offered intermittently.120 Aerobics (1)Offered intermittently.122 Coed Softball/Basketball (1)Offered intermittently.123 Ballroom Dancing (1)Offered intermittently.124 Coed Volleyball/Soccer (1)Offered intermittently.126 Beginning Golf and Bowling (1)Offered intermittently.127 Introduction to Fencing (1)Offered intermittently.128 Dance Aerobics (1)Offered intermittently.129 Beginning Swimming (1)Offered intermittently.130 Martial Arts (1)Offered intermittently.131 Jazz Movement (1)Offered intermittently.132 Sailing (1)Offered intermittently.133 Handball/Racquetball (1)Offered intermittently.134 Windsurfing (1)Offered intermittently.145 Beginning Scuba Diving (1)Offered intermittently.146 Yoga (1)Offered intermittently.152 Beginning Mat Pilates (1)Offered intermittently.166 Israeli Self-Defense (1)Offered intermittently.177 Lifeguard Training (1)Offered intermittently.188 Indoor Climbing (1)Offered intermittently.223 Intermediate Ballroom Dance (1)Designed to develop the technical skills andabilities necessary to become proficient in partnershipdancing. Dances studied include swing, rumba, chacha, mambo, and tango. Students study dances andrhythms based on the dynamics of natural bodymovement and the expression of the special characterof each dance. May be repeated once for credit.Prerequisite: PE 123. Offered spring of oddnumberedyears.230 Intermediate Martial Arts (1)An advanced martial arts course in karate forstudents who have mastered beginning martial artsskills and now desire to work on their advanced belts.Prerequisite: PE 130. Offered each semester.RECREATION COURSES (REC)101 Introduction to Recreationand Leisure Services (4)SDesigned for all students who desire to explore thevaried professions of recreation/leisure services as apossible career goal or for personal growth anddevelopment. Recreation and leisure in historicaldevelopment and today’s contemporary society andleisure education are the major areas of concentration.Includes a practicum in which students are requiredto investigate local recreation/leisure agencies.Prerequisite: freshmen/sophomores only; juniors/seniors by consent. Offered each semester.

156 RECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIESRECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIES157204 Leadership I: Leadership andAnalysis of Recreation (4)Explores leadership theory and the process ofactivity analysis. Students develop their personalleadership skills by observing, evaluating, andpracticing leadership styles. They also learn andpractice the activity analysis process through theplanning, implementation and evaluation of goalorientedactivities for diverse segments of thepopulation. Includes a significant practicalcomponent during nontraditional class hours whenstudents lead activities for peers and communityagencies. Lab fee. Offered each semester.206 Management of Recreation andLeisure Services I (4)An introduction to the principles of managingleisure service agencies. Students investigate the roleof the manager by applying underlying managementand legal theory to the operation of existing leisureservice agencies. Prerequisite: REC 101. Offered eachfall.212 Introduction to Recreational Therapy (4)Provides an overview of the profession ofrecreational therapy, including the philosophy,practice, procedures, and foundation of services forindividuals with disabilities. Students develop anunderstanding of professional preparation, servicesettings, and consumer groups that utilize recreationaltherapy services. Fieldwork required. Prerequisite:freshman/sophomore only; junior/senior withconsent. Offered each semester.219 Disability In the Media (4)Explores various disabilities and the relatedchallenges and prejudices experienced by individualswith disabilities and how these individuals aredisplayed in popular film. Examines physical,psychological, emotional, and social disabilities.Students also examine their own attitudes andperceptions regarding disabilities. Prerequisite:sophomore status or consent. Offered Winter Sessionon demand.305 Teaching Assistant (1)Provides recreation/leisure service majors or otherstudents who qualify the opportunity, undersupervision, to organize and lead recreation, physicaleducation activity courses, and selected introductorycontent courses (REC 101, 200, 201, 204, 205).Students are required to prepare lesson plans.Prerequisites: REC 204 or 323, or prior teachingexperience. Students must be interviewed andaccepted by the course instructor. Offered eachsemester.308 Historical, Cultural, andProfessional Dimensions ofRecreation and Leisure (4)WProvides students with knowledge of the history,philosophy, development, purposes, values, andinterrelationships of recreation delivery systems fromboth the private and public sectors. Focuses on theprofessional dimensions of recreation and leisure asthey relate to diverse cultures served in contemporarypractice. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and junior/senior status. Offered each fall.309 Internship Preparation inRecreation and Leisure Studies (2)Provides guidance and direction in all phases ofinternship procurement for all students majoring inrecreation and leisure studies and enrolling in REC409 the following semester. Emphasizes eachstudent’s self-assessment, documentation ofpersonal/professional goals, strengths, and areas forimprovement in relation to the agency’s attributes andcompatibility with the student’s goals. Gradedpass/fail. Prerequisite: senior and eligible to completeREC 409 the following semester. Offered eachsemester.310 Disabilities and Recreational Therapy (4)Introduces students to the various disablingconditions that typically receive recreational therapyservices. Explores adaptive, corrective and progressiverecreational therapy techniques for a variety ofdisabling conditions. Emphasizes treatmentinterventions and leisure skills as they relate tospecific disorders and habilitative or rehabilitativegoals. Offered each spring.311 Recreational Therapy Process (4) WProvides students with the knowledge and skillsneeded to organize, conduct, and evaluaterecreational therapy programs in health care agencies.Requires students to develop a written plan ofoperation for an agency providing recreationaltherapy services. Field experience is required.Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher.Offered each fall.313 Recreational Therapy Managementand Organization (4)Provides students with the knowledge and skillsneeded to organize, conduct, and evaluaterecreational therapy programs in healthcare agencies.Students develop a written plan of operation for anagency providing recreational therapy services. Fieldexperience is required. Prerequisite: REC 212.Offered each spring.314 Recreational Therapy Analysisand Assessment (4)Provides the rationale, procedural methods for,and applications of assessment in recreational therapy.Students examine and use standardized instrumentsand develop a functional assessment based on the useof activity/task analysis. They learn methods ofclinical assessment, establishing client rapport, andinterpretation and documentation of assessmentresults. Prerequisite: REC 212. Offered each fall.316 Planning, Implementing, andEvaluating Recreational Therapy (4)Prepares students in the planning, implementation,and evaluation of recreational therapy services.Includes the selection of appropriate treatmenttechniques and clinical skills to be used with variousclient populations, intervention strategies, andmethods of evaluating client and program outcomes.Prerequisite: REC 212.336 Commercial Recreation (4)Analyzes the principles of organizing commercialrecreation agencies and the factors affecting theirsuccess. Emphasizes field evaluation and case studiesof specific agencies currently in operation. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.340 Recreation Program Principles (4) WProvides students with an understanding ofrecreation program practices, including planningobjectives, programming principles, organization,group work, promotion supervision, and programevaluation. In addition to the study of programmingtheory, students plan, organize, and evaluate a varietyof recreation programs. Suggested prerequisites: REC101 and 204. Prerequisite: ENG 105 with a grade ofC or higher. Offered each fall.341 Management of Recreation andLeisure Services II (4)Students develop an understanding ofadministrative practices, including legal aspects ofrecreation services, principles of planning andoperation of recreation areas and facilities, financialand business procedures, public relations, principlesof organization and coordination of services,personnel practices, and evaluation. Provides afoundation on which future depth of administrativecompetency can build. Offered each spring.342 Fieldwork in Recreationand Leisure Studies (4)WOffers the opportunity to investigate theleadership, programming, operation, andmanagement of leisure service agencies while gainingpaid or volunteer experience. Through acomprehensive focus on individual areas ofadministration, the course is tailored to the individualneeds of the student and agency to maximizeexperience and reflection. Prerequisites: ENG 105with a grade of C or higher and REC 204 or consent.Offered each semester and summer.343 Administration of CampusRecreation (4)Covers the planning, organization, administration,and evaluation of recreational sports programsin colleges and universities. Emphasizes practicalexperiences designed to acquaint the student withcontemporary administration practices in the field.Offered fall of even-numbered years.344 Introduction to Sport andFacility Management (4)Provides students majoring in recreation andleisure studies with an extensive knowledge ofeffective management in a variety of sports settings.Covers specific skills needed to plan and maintainrecreation facilities. Private and public schools andsport club environments are explored. Prerequisite:REC 101. Offered each spring.345 Ropes Course and GroupFacilitation Methods (4)Prepares students to become ropes course leadersand facilitate the ability of groups to better achievetheir goals. Through coverage of the factorsconnected to initial group processes, conflict, goaldeliberation, and the role of the facilitator, the courseprovides hands-on activities, enabling the student toexperience the responsibilities needed to become auseful group facilitator. Lab fee. Offered each fall.346 Travel and Tourism (4)Introduces the principles of travel and tourism asan element of leisure service delivery. Covers tourismdevelopment and promotion from both the publicand private sectors. Students investigate varioussocioeconomic factors of travel and tourism and visitvarious travel and tourism agencies. Offered each fall.347 Outdoor Recreation and Education (4)A series of experiences, discussions, and readingsabout current issues and practices in outdoorrecreation and education. Students plan, prepare, andimplement an overnight backcountry experience.Requires an overnight field experience outside ofregularly scheduled class meetings. Lab fee. Offeredeach spring and intermittently in Winter Sessions orsummer.

158 RECREATION AND LEISURE STUDIESRELIGIOUS STUDIES159348 Maui to Moguls: The Impact ofAdventure Travel on Culture andthe Environment (4)Examines the impact of adventure travel onculture and the environment. Students travel to twodiverse locations, a ski area and the island of Maui, tolearn how activities as diverse as skiing,snowboarding, snorkeling, hiking, windsurfing, andbiking affect local culture, the economy, andpreservation of the environment. Classroom workprepares the group for the travel experience. Offeredin selected Winter Sessions.349 Leadership II: InstructionalTechniques (4)Students learn the successful leadership andteaching styles associated with the instruction ofoutdoor recreation and athletic activities. Theypractice a variety of leadership approaches and groupprocess techniques, behavior management, andteaching styles. Prerequisite: REC 204. Offeredintermittently in spring.408 Seminar in Recreation andLeisure Studies (4)IExploration and discussion of current trends andinnovations in recreation/leisure studies as identifiedby students. Students determine course content incollaboration with the instructor. One scheduledtopic is leisure education. Prerequisite: consent.Offered each spring.409 Internship in Recreation andLeisure Studies (12)Field placement in an approved recreation ortherapeutic recreation setting. Students intern undera trained recreation professional and participate in allphases of agency operation. Prerequisite: REC 309.Offered each spring, and in summer on request.RELIGIOUS STUDIESDR. TERRENCE LINDVALLDR. ERIC M. MAZURDR. MICHAEL PANITZ (adjunct)DR. PAUL B. RASORDR. CRAIG WANSINK, Program CoordinatorWithout a knowledge of religion, it is difficult tounderstand daily newspapers, modern history, andmany of our own behavior patterns. In the ReligiousStudies Department, the methods and interests of thehumanities, the social sciences, and the naturalsciences converge as students examine the role ofreligion in history, literature, and science; in humanexperience and diversity; and in culture, politics, andsociety. The requirements for a major in religiousstudies ensure that students not only acquire a broadbase of knowledge, but develop skills of interpretationand methodological approaches that characterize astrong liberal arts education. Because these coursesinvolve analysis, comparison, and interpretation andbecause they require sensitivity to the perspectivesand practices of others, the study of religion preparesstudents well for careers in education, business, law,politics, diplomacy, counseling, public service, andministry.Major Requirements: Religious StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.Comparative AnalysisRELST 113Introduction to Religious Studies OR 4RELST 116World ReligionsLiterary and Exegetical AnalysisTwo of the following:RELST 217The Old Testament WorldRELST 2188The New Testament WorldRELST 251/351Religion & LiteratureHistorical AnalysisTwo of the following:RELST 303Saints & Heretics: Christian History IRELST 3048Damned & Saved: Christian History IIRELST 326MethodismInstitutional AnalysisRELST 232Religion & American Politics OR 4RELST 233Religious Battles in CourtsSocial/Cultural AnalysisRELST 335Christian Theology & Film OR 4RELST 363/463Sports & ReligionSeminarRELST 361/461 4Thinkers/Topics in ReligionOne Religious Studies courseat the 300/400 level4TOTAL 36Minor Requirements: Religious StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.RELST 113Introduction to Religious Studies OR 4RELST 116World ReligionsOne Religious Studies courseat the 200 level or above4Two Religious Studies coursesat the 300/400 level8One Religious Studies course at any level 4TOTAL 20RELIGIOUS STUDIES COURSES(RELST)113 Introduction to Religious Studies (4) VAn introduction to the academic study of religion.Students gain familiarity with a wide range ofreligious traditions; ways in which religions shapesociety, culture, and world affairs; and scholarly toolsfor coming to terms with the wide variety ofsometimes strange, always interesting phenomena.Offered each fall.116 World Religions (4) VA survey of major religions of the world, theirbeliefs, practices, and ethical concerns. Focusingprimarily on Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism,and Buddhism, students examine the history,literature, structures, and manifestations of each ofthese religions. They examine how such disciplines aspsychology, sociology, theology, art, and ethics shape,and are shaped by, religious world views. Concludeswith an examination of some of the keyconflicts/disagreements between two of thesereligious traditions. Offered each semester.140 Religion in American Culture (4) VFocuses on religion as practiced by bothmainstream and minority groups in America.Examines how religion shapes, and is shaped by,American views on ethnicity, ethics, literature,business, and politics. Offered each spring.157 Bible in American Culture/Life (4) VFocuses not on the content of the Bible, but onthe function of the Bible in American culture,politics, and society. Students examine such personsas Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Thomas Jefferson anddistinctively American types of biblical interpretation.Issues such as slavery, prohibition, and the Scopestrial are studied and highlight how the Bible has beenused and abused in arguments on social policies. Byexamining issues related to publishing and translatingthe Bible, some of the most intense theologicaldebates in American life are highlighted. Studentsalso learn how American laws shape the influence ofthe Bible in American life by highlightingcontemporary public educational contexts. Offeredon demand.180 Judaism and Film (4) VIntroduces students to Judaism through the use offilm. Examines images of Jewish history, text, ritual,and belief, as presented in film, and evaluates thecontemporary positive and negative portrayal ofJudaism from both non-Jewish and Jewish sources.Offered each spring.181 Judaism through Food (4) VA hands-on introduction to Judaism. From feaststo fasts, students explore the history, texts, andtraditions of Judaism through the study and firsthandencounter with its foods; their place,preparation, restrictions, and geographical variationsthat are central to the religious and culturalexperience of Judaism. Offered each spring.201 Religion in the News (4)An introduction to the way in which religiouscommunities and religious issues are portrayed intoday’s news. Through an investigation of multiplesources, students examine the ways in which newsshapes—and is shaped by—our understanding ofreligions (or lack thereof). Offered in Winter Sessionson demand.217 The Old Testament World (4) VThe ancient Israelites wrote stories of their past.They preserved laws. They wrote prophecies,biographies, common-sense advice, love poetry, andapocalypses. An introduction to some of thesewritings; specifically, the writings preserved in theOld Testament and in the Apocrypha. Examines boththe history of the Hebrews and Israelites and theliterature they used to express and communicate theirfaith. Offered fall of odd-numbered years.218 The New Testament World (4) VThe first Christians wrote letters to each other,they wrote tales about Jesus, they wrote sermons, andapocalypses. An introduction to some of thosewritings preserved in the New Testament and to thoseapocryphal and non-canonical works that shapedhow the New Testament was remembered and howChristianity developed. Examines both the earliestChristians and the literature they used to create

160 RELIGIOUS STUDIESSOCIAL SCIENCES161communities and to express and communicate theirfaith. Prerequisite: at least 3 semester hours inEnglish, history, philosophy, or religious studies.Offered each spring.232 Religion and American Politics (4) VInvestigates the relationship between religion andpolitics in the United States, especially the role oftraditional religious identities and issues, whileacknowledging non-traditional religious movements,ideas, and issues. Emphasizes upcoming elections.Students are expected to be informed on the currentdebates in the various national elections which formbasis of class discussions and student presentations.Identical to CRSF 232. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.233 Religious Battles in Court (4) VIntroduces students to the relationship betweenreligion and American law. Students explore theorigins, history, and current legal foundations guidingdisputes over religious freedom, providing thebackdrop for discussions of current issues such asabortion, gay marriage, and euthanasia. Identical toCRSF 233. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.238/338 Topics In American Religion (4) VA focused examination of religion in specific areasof American culture. May include the study ofspecific religious traditions (e.g., Catholicism),movements (e.g., evangelicalism, new religions), orareas of cultural interaction (e.g., education, science)in American religion. May be repeated for credit astopics vary. Offered spring when circumstancespermit.250 Religion and Popular Culture (4) VIntroduces students to the role religion plays increating and maintaining culture through suchpopular venues as motion pictures, television, sports,and fashion, as well as the impact of religious valueson popular cultural expressions. Offered in selectedWinter Sessions.251/351 Religion and Literature (4) VExamines works selected from the fiction, nonfiction,biography and mythology of the world’sliterature, both classic and modern, academic andpopular. These works are discussed from the point ofview of belief, unbelief, values, and spiritualorientation. Offered intermittently.253/353 Topics in Religious Ethics (4) VA focused examination of ethical theory andmethods and of issues in moral theology withinreligious traditions. Courses offered under thisdesignation may focus on a particular religion, on aspecific practice, or on a comparative approach toreligious ethics. May be repeated for credit as topicsvary. Offered when circumstances permit.265 Extreme Religion: The Body, Pain,Sex, and Martyrdom inReligious Experience (4)For the sake of their soul and their faith, religiousindividuals engage in a variety of actions which—inother contexts—would be considered extreme: selfmutilation,snake-handling, fasting, celibacy, tantricsex, polygamy, suicide, martyrdom, etc. Focuses onthe role of religious experience, particularly onecstatic or extreme religious expressions in worldreligions today. After examining the roles andfunctions of “experience” within religion, studentsfocus on specific cases of “extreme” religious practices,seeking to understand their meaning and significancefor their practitioners. Prerequisite: at least 3 semesterhours in: history, English, philosophy, or religiousstudies. Offered in selected Winter Sessions.303 Saints and Heretics: HChristian History I (4)Traces the “plot” of the development of Christianthought about questions of fundamental humanimportance from the formation of the medieval worldto the Reformation. Students examine the mutualdependence of theology and wider culture withspecial attention to developing strategies for readingthe Bible. May be taken in conjunction with RELST304 or independently. Prerequisite: at least 3 semesterhours in: English, history, philosophy, or religiousstudies. Offered fall of even-numbered years.304 Damned and Saved: HChristian History II (4)Continues the “plot” of the development ofChristian thought. Students trace the creation of ourown modern world view from the wake of theReformation through the Enlightenment and into the19th and 20th centuries. Emphasizes thedevelopment of strategies for reading the Bible asstudents examine the interrelation of theology and itscultural context at each step of the way. May be takenin conjunction with RELST 303 or independently.Prerequisite: at least 3 semester hours in: English,history, philosophy, or religious studies. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.320 Science and Religion (4) VExplores the impact of science on theology andwhether science and religion are compatible. The firstquestion is primarily historical. Students examine keyadvances in the history of science (the heliocentrictheory of the universe or evolution, for example) andtheological responses to them. The second question isprimarily philosophical. In each case, discussionsbegin with the issues raised in important primarytexts. Prerequisite: junior/senior status, at least onecourse in the natural sciences, or consent. Offeredintermittently.326 Methodism (4) HAn interdisciplinary exploration of the history ofMethodism, with special attention given to theWesleys, Asbury, other early itinerant preachers, andthe religious and cultural development of theMethodist denomination and its Wesleyan offshoots(such as the AME Church). Prerequisite: 4 semesterhours of religious studies or history. Offered spring ofeven-numbered years.335 Christian Theology and Film (4) V,WExplores how the fields of theology and filmstudies cross-fertilize each other, with specialattention given to the ways in which film functions asreligious discourse. Students investigate the historicalevolution of film as a means of communicatingtheological doctrines or themes through its narrativepatterns and analyze how religious and secular filmscan be constructed as cultural texts that advise notonly how one should live, but what one shouldbelieve. Emphasizes the sermonic nature of film,various hermeneutics of film, and how audiencesreceive and appropriate both manifest and latentreligious meanings. Prerequisite: 3 semester hours incommunication, English, history, philosophy, orreligious studies. Identical to COMM 335. Offeredfall of even-numbered years.336 Sociology of Religion (4) VExamines the origin and development of religionas a social institution: theories concerning its natureand function; sociocultural dimensions of religiousbeliefs, values, and conduct; contemporarydenominations, sects, and cults in the United States;the relationship between religion and other socialinstitutions. Identical to SOC 336. Offeredintermittently.341 War, Peace, and Christian Ethics (4) VExamines Christian ethical perspectives on warand peace. Topics include the justifications for andlimitations on the use of force, just war and pacifism,alternative approaches such as just peacemaking, andapplication of these perspectives to current issues.Prerequisite: junior/senior status or consent. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.352/452 Seminar in C. S. Lewis (4) VInvestigates the literary, historical, and theologicalcontributions of British author C. S. Lewis, exploringkey literary and philosophical influences upon his lifeand literature and examining how his thought andimagination have affected contemporary religiousdiscourse and practice. May be offered either as anon-campus course or as a travel course. Prerequisite: 4semester hours of religious studies or English. Offeredspring of even-numbered years.361/461 Thinkers/Topics in Religion (4) VI*Focused, in-depth study of one importantreligious thinker (or thinker about religion), or anarrowly defined topic of current importance inreligious studies. May be repeated for credit with theinstructor’s permission. Prerequisite: junior/seniorstatus or consent. Offered each year. *RELST361:(V); RELST 461:(I).363/463 Sports and Religion (4) I*Examines the relationship between sports andreligion. From the use of sports as a means ofacculturation, the use of legitimate competition as asurrogate for interreligious conflict, and thecompetition between organized sports and organizedreligion for money, attention, and devotion, to thesacrality of the time and space of the field of play andelevation of athletes to modern gods, the world ofathletic competition overflowing with religiouselements. Using a variety of disciplinary methods,students examine this relationship, the ways in whichreligion and sport reinforce similar ideals, and theways in which they compete with one another for theminds, hearts, and bodies of the “fans.” Offeredspring of even-numbered years. *RELST 463 only.SCIENCE(See Earth and Environmental Sciences)SOCIAL SCIENCESDR. ROBERT B. ALBERTSON, Program CoordinatorThe Social Sciences Divisional Major (SSDM) isdesigned for students with a natural curiosity inseveral fields of study across the spectrum of the socialsciences. It consists of 48 semester hours, 32 of whichmust be at the 300/400 level and 20 of which mustbe concentrated in one department or disciplinewithin the division. This area of concentration mustinclude 16 hours at the 300/400 level. The majormust also include at least 8 semester hours ofenrichment courses at the 300/400 level in each oftwo other disciplines within the division. Finally, themajor must include one research course, which maybe a research methods course or one with an extensive

162 SOCIAL SCIENCESSOCIAL WORK163research component. The SSDM OversightCommittee maintains a list of approved researchcourses.The student must formally declare the SSDM byfiling a Declaration of Major form with the Registrar’sOffice at least three semesters before graduation,summer not counting as a semester. In closeconsultation with an academic advisor, the studentdevelops a contract listing the courses to be includedin the major, along with an essay explaining the goalsand the rationale for choosing the divisional approachand demonstrating an intellectual coherence and clearfocus for the major. The contract must also indicatewhich courses in or outside the major the student willuse to fulfill the college’s requirements for oralcommunication competency and computerproficiency and how those courses fulfill therequirements. The contract must be approved by thestudent’s faculty advisor and the members of theSSDM Oversight Committee, all of whom, alongwith the student, sign the completed contract. Thecontract is kept on file by the administrative assistantof the Social Sciences Division. It may berenegotiated if courses listed are no longer available,but such changes must be approved by the student,the faculty advisor and the SSDM OversightCommittee. Finally, during the last semester ofcoursework, the student must compose a reflectiveessay that reviews the goals and unifying intellectualtheme of the major as stated in the declarationcontract and then explores in some detail how thegoals and theme have been realized.Departments from which courses may be drawnfor the SSDM include Business (MBE), Education,Geography, History, Political Science, Psychology,Recreation and Leisure Studies, Social Work,Sociology and Criminal Justice. Please note: This listis strictly for the purpose of guiding course choices forthe SSDM and should not be extended to otherapplications.A student may choose education as the area ofconcentration, but this course of study will notpermit the student to be certified by theCommonwealth of Virginia to teach in the publicschools. Students seeking teacher certification shouldconfer with a member of the Education Departmentwhen considering the SSDM.A student using Business as the department ofconcentration must include MBE 301, MBE 316,and MBE 400 and take at least 9 semester hours ofMBE courses at the 300/400 level in residence atVirginia Wesleyan.Major Requirements• Either the area of concentration or at least oneenrichment field must be history, politicalscience, psychology, or sociology.• The contract is due at least two semesters beforegraduation, summer not counting as a semester.• The contract is due by March 1 for fallacceptance and by October 1 for springacceptance.• The reflective essay is due by November 1 for fallgraduation and by April 1 for spring graduation.COURSE NUMBER AND TITLE SEM.HRS.Area of ConcentrationFive courses in one department ordiscipline in the Social Sciences Division, 20including at least 16 hours at the300/400 level.Enrichment AreasFour courses at 300/400 level, includingtwo from each of two other departments 16or disciplines in the Social SciencesDivisionThree other courses at any level andfrom any department or discipline in 12the Social Sciences Division.One research course chosen fromthe list maintained by the division.SOCIAL WORKDR. BENJAMIN D. DOBRIN, MSW, PHD,Program CoordinatorMS. SHARON L. PAYNE, LCSW, CSACTOTAL 48The Social Work Program, which is based on astrong foundation in the liberal arts, preparesstudents for generalist social work practice andgraduate study. The program focuses on ethicalbehavior and competent practice, following VirginiaWesleyan’s honor code and the National Associationof Social Worker’s (NASW) Code of Ethics. Throughcommunity service and classroom experience,students encounter the relationships and socialcontexts in which they will learn and eventuallypractice. Students are immersed in the topics ofmental and physical health, human rights, diversity,oppression, and economic and social justice, througha data-driven, outcomes-based curriculum in whichcritical thinking skills are applied.Departmental Policies1. Students must apply to the major. Applicationsare available on the department’s collegewebsite. Students may apply to the program asearly as spring of their sophomore year.2. Students must maintain a 2.5 GPA both overalland in the major and must successfullycomplete all required courses with a C orhigher prior to the internship.3. Students must maintain a portfolio of theirwork in this program that includes theirapplication to the program, a record of theCSWE competencies, contracts, professionalmeeting attendance, a resume, and all otherprofessional documents as directed by thedepartment.4. A grade of 80% or higher is required for eachCouncil on Social Work Education (CSWE)competency. If a competency is repeated in afuture course, the same policy applies. A gradebelow 80% will stand; however, the studentmust show competency to go forward in theprogram. Individual professors develop policiesfor remediation in each class at their owndiscretion.5. Students must report ANY violation of theVirginia Wesleyan Honor Code to full-timeSocial Work faculty immediately. Any Level Ihonor code violation will necessitate a meetingof the student and full-time Social Work facultyin which remedial action will be developed andplanned. Any Level II honor code violation willresult in immediate removal from the program.6. This list is not exhaustive. More detailedpolicies are available in the departmentalstudent handbook found online in the college’sdepartmental website. Specific internshiprequirements are detailed in the handbook oninternships.Major Requirements: Social WorkCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.SW 2014Introduction to Social WorkSW 251Diversity & Social Problems 4in Social WorkSW 3024Planning, Administration, & LegislationSW 336Human Growth & Development: 4Life Course ApproachSW 400Social Work Methods with 4Groups & CommunitiesSW 401Social Work with Individuals & Families4SW 450Research Methods in Social Work4SW 472Social Work Internship 12SW 475Social Work Seminar4TOTAL 44SOCIAL WORK COURSES (SW)CORE COURSES201 Introduction to Social Work (4) SAcquaints the beginning student with the history,philosophy, values, concepts, language, directions,problems, and broad scope of social work. Offersexposure to various agencies and agency policies.Prerequisite: sophomore/junior/senior status. Offeredeach fall.251 Diversity and Social Problemsin Social Work (4)An overview of how diversity influences socialwork practice and the social problems practitionerstry to address. Topics include the history, philosophy,values, ethics, concepts, language, directions,problems, and broad scope of diversity and socialproblems and how they impact social work practice.Offered each fall.302 Legislation, Policy and Administration (4)Builds skills in community organization,administrative and legislative process as interventiontechniques. Each student is expected to design,develop and present a project using the methodtaught. Prerequisite: junior status or consent. Offeredeach spring.336 Lifespan Development and Behavior (4)Designed for students who want to develop astrong foundation in human growth anddevelopment. Biological, social, and psychologicaltheories of growth and development are examinedfrom a multi-disciplinary perspective. Students learnabout normal development from conception to ageddeath as well as certain pathological processes are.Students who have previously taken a developmentalcourse, or will as part of their intended major, maynot take this class for additional credit. Prerequisite:junior status or consent. Offered each fall.

164 SOCIAL WORKSOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICE165400 Social Work Methods withGroups and Communities (4)Builds skills in group and communityintervention techniques in social work. Prerequisites:junior status and consent. Offered each spring.401 Social Work with Individualsand Families (4)WThe focus of this course will be on learningappropriate intervention skills for helpingindividuals, couples and families. Understanding thetheory on which these interventions are based isprerequisite to developing skills. The course providesopportunities to practice beginning level methodsthrough role playing, observation and feedback,written and oral assignments, and in an experientiallearning situation. There will be a fee associated withthis class. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of Cor higher, senior status, and consent. Offered eachfall.450 Research Methods in Social Work (4) QOffers an overview of data collection methods andanalysis procedures within the context of social work.Both positivistic and naturalistic paradigms areexamined. Students learn how to pose researchquestions, design studies, collect data, and analyze,interpret, and report their data. Prerequisites:junior/senior status, successful completion of mathrequirement, and consent. Offered each spring.472 Social Work Internship (12)The training of social work professionals involvesan extensive period of study in the field, known asinternship. At Virginia Wesleyan, internship refers tothe assignment of students to an agency for a fullsemester, for thirty-six hours a week. This experienceinvolves working under the weekly supervision of aqualified agency supervisor and performing functionstypically performed by generalist social workprofessionals in the agency. The academic internshipsupervisor is involved in periodic conferences withthe student and the agency supervisor to review thestudent’s learning and progress. Prerequisites: seniorstatus; C or higher in all required social work courses;completion of application and consent of all full timesocial work faculty. Corequisite: SW 475. Offeredeach spring.475 Social Work Seminar (4) IThis course is designed to provide the vehicle forthe formal integration of theory and practice as acompanion to the Social Work internship. Theseminar is also designed to provide professional andpeer support and supervision as a complement to thesupervision provided by the agency supervisor.Students will be expected to share their learning inaddition to their questions. Emphasis will also beplaced on student growth as it relates to the use of selfas a helping professional. Ethical questions from theinternship experience will be discussed in addition tothe theoretical study of ethics as they relate to practicesituations. Prerequisites: senior status; same as SW472. Corequisite: SW 472. Offered each spring.ELECTIVESclassifications of drugs of abuse, their addictivepotential and the continuum of use, misuse, abuseand addiction are addressed. The short and long termconsequences of drug use are studied in addition tothe dangers of drug interactions. Offered most fallsemesters.385 Substance Abuse andChemical Dependency (4)Examines the effects of drugs of abuse on oursociety. Topics include defining the drug problem andits effects on the abuser, family, economy, legalsystem, and health care, and the issues and impact oftreatment and 12-step support groups. Offered mostspring semesters.theories and techniques of inquiry employed bysociologists, the Sociology Department hopes tofoster the sociological perspective. The departmentoffers a major in sociology and provides a greatnumber of courses that serve other major programsand the general goals of a liberal arts education.Major Requirements: SociologyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLE307 Death, Dying, Loss, and Grief (4) V,WSOC 100Introduction to SociologyExplores contemporary and historical societalOR 4SOC 270influences, cultural practices, and spiritual beliefsSocial Problems*surrounding the experience of death. Studentsexamine religious rituals related to the preparation ofSOC 3454the body, the burial and the mourning process and402 Women on the Brink (4)Foundations of Sociologyexamine the ethics surrounding end of life decisionsChallenges the student to explore the interaction SOC 3504and how death is determined from a medical andof complex societal and psychological factors as they Introduction to Social Researchlegal perspective. Other topics include current legalrelate to America’s most vulnerable women. Students SOC 353issues and instruments such as advance directives,examine the history of women’s role in American Applied Sociology*wills, and powers of attorney; current ethicalsociety and evaluate how current policies andOR 4SOC 480controversies around life sustaining measures,institutions often keep women vulnerable and Senior Research Projectphysician-assisted death, and organ transplantation;disenfranchised. Conducted in a seminar format onthe impact of loss throughout the life cycle as a resultcampus, with a one-week residential component in a SOC 489of normal developmental transitions and as a result ofhomeless shelter in a major urban area. Prerequisites: Senior Integrated AssessmentOR 4suicide, violence, and disaster; and the needs of thoseconsent and one faculty/staff recommendation. SOC 430identified as disenfranchised grievers such as partnersOffered in selected Winter Sessions.Women’s/Gender Studies Seminarof AIDS patients, families of suicide victims, womenTwo additional SOC courses at the410 Homeless in America (4) I8who have miscarried, and young widows/widowers.300/400 levelPrerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherReviews the history of poverty and homelessness Three additional courses at any level,and junior/senior status or consent. Offered fall ofin America and society’s response. Emphasizes the including one or two from the allied 12odd-numbered years.economic, cultural, social, and political factors that course listconverge to create a climate of poverty. Current361 Human Sexuality (4) VSOC electives:societal responses to poverty are studied with SOC 110, 219, 251, 303*, 308*, 311,An exploration of the issues surrounding humanimmersion experiences in the Hampton Roads area. 319, 336, 351, 430, 460sexuality. Historical perspectives from WesternPrerequisite: senior status. Offered in selected Winter *Students seeking an applied emphasiscultures provide a basis for understanding theSessions.should consider taking these courses.construction of gender in modern society. A review ofother cultures shows diverse approaches to gender andInternship (optional)sexual issues worldwide. Legal, moral and ethicalSOCIOLOGY/SOC 483issues related to sexual behavior and gender areInternship Preparation (2 sem. hrs.) 10CRIMINAL JUSTICEstudied, along with the physical aspects of humanSOC 484sexuality and procreation. The disciplines of history,Internship in Sociology (8 sem. hrs.)MR. DWIGHT BOLLING (adjunct)anthropology, sociology, psychology, healthDR. THOMAS F. BROWNSuggested Allied Courses (see advisor):education, medicine, religious studies, women’sMS. WYNTER L. EDWARDS (adjunct)ENVS 106studies, and law inform the exploration. Students areMR. THOMAS SCOTT LIVERMAN,Humans & the Environmentchallenged to explore their own values. Prerequisite:Program CoordinatorGEOG 112junior/senior status or consent. Offered fall of evennumberedyears.DR.DR. THOMAS LOPEZCultural GeographyORALISON MARGANSKIGEOG 113MR. DENNIS SANTOSHuman Geography384 Drugs of Abuse (4)DR. KATHY S. STOLLEYSW 361An introduction to the complex issuesSociologyHuman Sexualitysurrounding both licit and illicit drugs. The mostwidely used/abused drugs are studied in some depthSW 402The sociology program provides real-life occasionsto include an overview of their pharmacology and theWomen on the Brinkand intellectual resources that can help studentsneurophysiology of the brain. The major understand the social and cultural dimensions ofSee continuation of choices next pagehuman behavior. By focusing on the concepts,SEM.HRS.

166 SOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICESOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICE167Chart continued from previous pageHIST 451History of the HolocaustMATH 210Introductory StatisticsORMATH 310Statistical ModelsPHIL 272/372Beyond the Western TraditionORPHIL 292/392Alternative FuturesPOLS 103Global RealitiesORPOLS 353Globalization & its DiscontentsPSY 327Social PsychologyRELST 116World ReligionsRELST 140Religion in American CultureORRELST 250Religion & Popular CultureSPAN 210Hispanic Myths/RitualsORSPAN 265U.S. Latino CultureTH 375Images of Women inTheatre & FilmThis list is merely suggestive and is updated regularly.Students should consult their advisors and chooseallied courses suited to their academic and careerinterests.TOTAL WITHOUT INTERNSHIP 40Criminal JusticeTOTAL WITH INTERNSHIP 50Criminal justice is a wide-ranging field that isprimarily concerned with understanding the origins,nature and consequences of criminal behavior and ofsocietal reactions to crime. As a profession it focuseson careers directly related to social institutions of law,law enforcement, and the legal system. Students findthat the criminal justice program offers a core of basicand allied courses which provides a practical liberalarts perspective of this growing field with an emphasison critical analysis.Major Requirements: Criminal JusticeCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.CJ 2054Issues in Criminal JusticeCJ 3014CriminologyCJ 3504Introduction to Social ResearchCJ 3874Criminal LawCJ 4894Senior Integrative AssessmentSix additional courses at any level,including one or two from the alliedcourse list: 24CJ 210, 250, 300, 340, 348, 360, 385,388, 389, 393, 400, 420, 460Internship (optional)CJ 483Internship Preparation (2 sem. hrs.)10CJ 484Internship in Sociology & CriminalJustice (8 sem. hrs.)Suggested Allied Courses (see advisor):SOC 270Social ProblemsSOC 227Social PsychologySOC 353Applied SociologyPOLS 371Constitutional Law I:The Federal SystemPOLS 372Constitutional Law II:Substantive RightsPSY 350Psychology & the LawMBE 203Accounting IMBE 204Accounting IIMBE 216TaxationSW 384Drugs of AbuseSW 385Substance Abuse &Chemical DependencyART 208Photography ICOMM 222Public SpeakingSee continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pageSPAN 307Topics in Advanced Conversation& CompositionMATH 210StatisticsCHEM (any course)CS (any course)TOTAL WITHOUT INTERNSHIP 44TOTAL WITH INTERNSHIP 54Minor Requirements: SociologyCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.One of the following:SOC 100Introduction to Sociology OR 4SOC 270Social ProblemsTwo Sociology courses at the200 level or above8Two Sociology courses at the 300/400 level 8TOTAL 20Minor Requirements: Criminal JusticeCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.CJ 205Issues in CJ4CJ 301Criminology4CJ 387Criminal Law4Criminal Justice electives 8TOTAL 20SOCIOLOGY COURSES (SOC)100 Introduction to Sociology (4) SAn introduction to sociology as a behavioralscience and way of viewing the world. Students learnbasic concepts of sociological investigation andinterpretation and critical thinking. They see howindividual behavior is shaped by group life and howgroup life is affected by individuals. They learn toapply a “sociological imagination” to examining socialissues. Common sense notions are replaced by acritical analysis of social issues. Offered each semester.110 Cultural Anthropology (4) SA study of the nature of culture; comparativeanalysis of social, religious, economic, and politicalinstitutions in specific preliterate and moderncultures; and the cultural dimensions of behavior.Offered each fall.219 Women in Culture and Society (4) SStudents examine conflicting definitions of genderin the contemporary U.S., analyzing general patternsand the impact of gender definitions on their ownlives. Differences in the definitions of womanhoodand manhood are discussed, along with the variety ofwomen’s experiences and perspectives. Ideas aboutgender are contrasted with the real-life situations ofwomen and men in our society. Emphasizes theopportunities and difficulties that women of differingraces and classes encounter in today’s society. Identicalto WGS 219. Offered each fall.227 Social Psychology (4)Explores our development as socialized humanbeings shaped through our interactions with groupsof other people and how the structure and function ofboth the formal and informal groups that exist in asociety are shaped by the personalities of theindividuals who comprise their membership.Students discover both academically andexperientially the nature of such group-relatedpsychological dynamics as attitude formation,interpersonal attraction, social conflict, andbureaucratic organization. Prerequisite: PSY 102,201, or SOC 100. Identical to PSY 227. Offered eachfall.237 Animals and Society (4) SFocusing on human-animal relationships, thiscourse explores the role and impact of animals inhuman society, and the impact of humans on the livesof animals. Content includes the social constructionof animals, human/animal interaction in socialinstitutions, current debates, and the future ofhuman/animal relations. Offered when circumstancespermit.251 Issues in Sociology (4) SExamines various topics and issues through thelens and methodology of the sociological perspective.Topics may include the sociology of food, aging,gender and sexuality, and adoption and foster care.May be repeated for credit as designated issueschange. Offered intermittently.

168 SOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICESOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICE169270 Social Problems andSocial Solutions (4)SA critical investigation of selected current socialproblems—their issues, causes, development, andalternative solutions. Offered each spring.303 Small Groups (4)An experiential course in which sociologicaltheories and methods are used to analyze the structureand processes of small social groups. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Offered each fall.308 Visual Sociology (4) WA survey of basic concepts in sociology as they areportrayed in selected motion pictures and musicvideos. Serves as a systematic application ofsociological theory and practice. Prerequisite: ENG105 with a grade of C or higher; any sociology coursewould be helpful but not required. Offered eachsemester.311 Family (4) S,WExamines the contemporary American family andthe history, forms, and functions of families in othertimes and cultures. Special attention is given to thefamily as a social institution, its relationship withother institutions, forces of social and culturalchange, and the future of the family. Prerequisite:ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher. Offered eachfall.319 Feminist and Gender Theory (4) WExamines contemporary arguments about thenature of women and men and the biological, social,and aesthetic categories of male, female, intersex,masculine, feminine, heterosexual, and transgendered.Gender issues are studied in relation to historical andcross-cultural contexts, in relation to Westernwomen’s movements of the 19th and 20th centuries,and in relation to local and global issues affected bythe politics of gender. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher; WGS/SOC 219, WGS 220, orENG 311; or consent. Identical to ENG 319 andWGS 319. Offered spring of even-numbered years.345 Foundations of Sociology (4)An examination of major theorists andperspectives contributing to the sociological tradition,and of historic and current issues regarding sociologyand its relationship to other academic disciplines.Required of all majors. Prerequisite: SOC 100 or 188.Offered each spring.350 Introduction to Social Research (4)An examination of the logic, the strategies and themethods of sociological inquiry; an analysis ofclassical and contemporary models of research. Afoundation course required for sociology majors.Prerequisite: junior/senior status. Identical to CJ 350.Offered each semester.351 Medical Sociology (4) SDesigned to provide students an introduction tosociological perspectives on the study of health,illness, and health care. Topics include epidemiology,the structures and organization of health care systemsand medical encounters, bioethical issues, and currentissues shaping the future of health, illness, and healthcare. Offered intermittently.353 Applied Sociology (4)Focus is on engaging the sociological imaginationand the sociological toolkit to address real-lifequestions and problems. These tools are used toidentify, examine, and seek solutions for various socialissues. Attention is given to careers in appliedsociology. Includes a service-learning component.Prerequisite: junior/senior status or consent. Offeredeach spring.360 Nationalist Social Movements (4)A survey of racial-ethnic and nationalist socialmovements in the United States, such as the Ku KluxKlan, Nation of Islam, and Civil Rights movements.Addresses the criminogenic and terrorist aspects ofthese movements, their influence on U.S. culture andpolitics, and various theoretical approaches tounderstanding them. Offered when circumstancespermit.418 Family Violence (4) WExamines the nature of family violence, riskfactors related to violent victimization andperpetration, and outcomes associated with familyviolence. Further, it explores changes that have takenplace in recognizing and responding to familyviolence situations. It also breaks down myths andexamines family violence in special populations.Prerequisites: junior or senior status or consent.Identical to CJ 418. Offered when circumstancespermit.430 Women’s/Gender Studies Seminar (4) IAn examination of current issues pertinent towomen and gender. Students are exposed to a varietyof feminist, gender, and cultural theories. Topics varyfrom semester to semester. Recent topics include“Violence, Non-Violence, and the Body,” “GenderTrouble,” and the “The Female Athlete.”Prerequisites: WGS 219 or WGS 319 and junior orsenior status or consent. Identical to WGS 430. Maybe repeated for credit as topics vary. Offered spring ofodd-numbered years.460 Readings in Sociology (2, 4)Students select a topic concerning sociologicaltheory or research, survey the relevant literature, anddiscuss their findings with their major professor. (Twoor four semester hours depending on the scope of theproject.) May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite:prior consent of the project advisor. Offered eachsemester.480 Senior Research Project (4) WStudents conduct a sociological research project oftheir own design, present the results in appropriatewritten form, and defend the effort in an oralexamination. Research problems may focus ontheoretical or empirical topics. Relevant methods mayrange from bibliographic search to field observation.Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C or higher,SOC 350, junior/senior status, and prior approval ofa written proposal. Committee defense optional.Offered each spring.484 Internship in Criminal Justiceand Sociology (8)Practiced, supervised experience in direct studentlearning in applied social settings. Students learn howacquired knowledge and research writing skills can beapplied to the workplace. Practical and appliedlearning through student performance in the appliedsetting gives the student a “competitive edge” forfuture community/workplace contribution. Prerequisites:18 hours of sociology or criminal justice andCJ 483 or SOC 483. Students must contact thedepartment faculty to review full eligibility for thiscourse. Identical to CJ 484. Offered each spring.489 Senior Integrated Assessment (4) IStudents assess and analyze the connectedness oftheir academic learning in light of their future goals.Contemporary topics take a holistic and systematicperspective focusing on a variety of issues such asjustice, ethics, and community needs. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Juniors need consent from theinstructor. Identical to CJ 489. Offered each fall.CRIMINAL JUSTICE COURSES (CJ)205 Issues in Criminal Justice (4)Engages students in critical analysis of thecriminal justice system in America. Emphasizes theinvestigation of social order and the notion of“justice” as defined by the various social institutions.Students explore the significance of law, state andproperty relations, and the administration of justicethrough police, the courts, and corrections. Offeredeach semester.210 Corrections (4)Provides an appreciation of the processes andstructures of corrections within an American andinternational framework. Examines historical, legal,economic, and sociological issues in maintainingcontrol and order over those defined as criminal.Provides a critical examination of the concepts ofpunishment, deterrence, and rehabilitation.Prerequisite: CJ 205. Offered each fall.336 Sociology of Religion (4) VExamines the origin and development of religionas a social institution: theories concerning its natureand function; sociocultural dimensions of religiousbeliefs, values, and conduct; contemporarydenominations, sects, and cults in the United States;the relationship between religion and other socialinstitutions. Identical to RELST 336. Offeredintermittently.400 Topics in Criminal Justiceand Sociology (4)An advanced seminar addressing announcedtopics in criminal justice and sociology. Topics mayinclude victimology, administration of justice,criminalistics, sociology of terrorism, communitysystems, war, peace and conflict, sociology ofenvironment, consumerism, child welfare, and more.May be repeated for credit as designated topicschange. Prerequisite: consent. Identical to CJ 400.Offered as topics become available.483 Internship Preparation Course (2)Designed for students intending to participate inan internship for sociology or criminal justice credit.The process of selecting an internship site,completing applications and forms, andunderstanding the requirements set forth by theDepartment of Sociology and Criminal Justice can beoverwhelming. Lectures and scenario training providestudents with practical information that should bebeneficial to students who desire an internship insociology or criminal justice. Prerequisite: consent ofinternship director. Offered each fall.250 Topics in Criminal Justice (4)A seminar addressing announced topics that mayinclude public policy in criminal justice,controversial/debated laws in the U.S., taboopractices, understanding violence, murder, propertycrime, corruption, ethics, and more. May be repeatedfor credit as designated topics change. Prerequisite:sophomore status or consent. Offered whencircumstances permit.

170 SOCIOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICETHEATRE171300 Law Enforcement (4)A critical exploration of law enforcement from anhistorical, sociological, and legal perspective. Race,social class, sexual orientation, and gender identitiesare considered in the context of occupational rolesand community issues. Attention is given to viableproblem-solving strategies for issues in lawenforcement. Prerequisite: CJ 205 or 301. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.301 Criminology (4)A sociological view of crime and criminality.Socioeconomic, cultural, and biosocial processes areconsidered, as well as the criminal products of society.Topics include theories about the causation of crime,crime typologies, and patterns of crime and socialinjury. Prerequisite: CJ 205. Offered each spring.340 Forensic Accounting (4)The application of accounting methods to assist insolving economic-based crimes. The course includesdiscussion of criminal statutes relating to financialcrimes, fraud investigation and prevention,techniques used in solving financial crimes, andcurrent issues in financial investigation. Prerequisite:MBE 203. Identical to MBE 340. Offered spring ofeven-numbered years.348 Delinquency and Juvenile Justice (4) SAn examination of the nature and scope ofdelinquency and of factors contributing to delinquentbehavior. The role of social agents and agencies inprevention and treatment is also examined. Offeredfall of odd-numbered years.350 Introduction to Social Research (4)An examination of the logic, the strategies and themethods of sociological inquiry; an analysis ofclassical and contemporary models of research. Afoundation course required for sociology majors.Prerequisite: junior/senior status. Identical to SOC350. Offered each semester.360 Courts in the AmericanCriminal Justice System (4)Examines the role of the American criminal courtsin the broader context of the American legal system.Provides an overview of the organization of criminalcourts in Federal and state jurisdictions. Examines thecourts’ relationship to law enforcement and socialcontrol. Prerequisite: CJ 205. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.385 Applied Criminal Profiling (4)Approaches criminal behavior as a complexphenomenon, moving beyond the abstractinterpretation and suggestions of criminologicaltheory into the real-life processes of criminalbehavior. Examines and profiles the offender, victim,and situational elements surrounding the major formsof crime. Attention is given to the precipitating,attracting, and predisposing factors of criminalbehavior and their levels of importance for respectivecases. Prerequisite: CJ 301. Offered each spring.387 Criminal Law (4)An overview of the power and limits ofgovernment authority to define, prohibit, grade, andpunish socially harmful behavior. Includes the natureof criminal law, classification of crimes and criminalliability, punishment, and more. Prerequisite:senior/junior status. Offered each semester.388 Global Terrorism andHomeland Security (4)An overview of the characteristics, causes andcontrols of global terrorism along with responses to it.Attention is given to counterterrorist responses,including U.S. Homeland Security. Prerequisites: twocriminal justice courses. Offered fall of oddnumberedyears.389 Criminal Investigation (4)An introduction to the general processes ofcriminal investigation that engages students’ criticalanalysis of how and why crimes are committed.Students learn basic investigation techniques andresponsibilities. Prerequisite: two criminal justicecourses. Offered each spring.393 Technical Reporting in LawEnforcement (4)WFocuses on the special needs of the criminal justicesystem with regard to technical report writing. Usingpolice-oriented language and scenarios, students learnhow to correctly structure reports for use in criminalinvestigations and in court. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of ENG 105 with a grade of C or higherand CJ 389 or consent; CJ 387 helpful. Offered fallof even-numbered years.400 Topics in Criminal Justiceand Sociology (4)An advanced seminar addressing announcedtopics in criminal justice and sociology. Topics mayinclude victimology, administration of justice,criminalistics, sociology of terrorism, communitysystems, war, peace and conflict, sociology ofenvironment, consumerism, child welfare, and more.May be repeated for credit as designated topicschange. Prerequisite: consent. Identical to SOC 400.Offered as topics become available.418 Family Violence (4) WExamines the nature of family violence, riskfactors related to violent victimization andperpetration, and outcomes associated with familyviolence. Further, it explores changes that have takenplace in recognizing and responding to familyviolence situations. It also breaks down myths andexamines family violence in special populations.Prerequisites: junior or senior status or consent.Identical to SOC 418. Offered when circumstancespermit.420 Criminal Law:The Appellate Process (4)WProvides students with an understanding of acriminal appeal. While reviewing an actual criminaltrial transcript, students develop legal issues for anappeal, then prepare a legal brief for an appellatecourt’s review. Emphasizes the creation of a wellreasonedargument within the context of a legal brief.Prerequisites: successful completion of ENG 105with a grade of C or higher, CJ 387, junior/seniorstatus, and consent. Offered fall of odd-numberedyears.460 Readings in Criminal Justice (2 or 4)Students select a topic concerning criminal justicetheory or research, survey the relevant literature, anddiscuss their findings with their major professor. (Twoor four semester hours depending on the scope of theproject.) May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite:prior consent of the project advisor. Offered eachsemester.483 Internship Preparation Course (2)Designed for students intending to participate inan internship for sociology or criminal justice credit.The process of selecting an internship site,completing applications and forms, andunderstanding the requirements set forth by theDepartment of Sociology and Criminal Justice can beoverwhelming. Lectures and scenario training providestudents with practical information that should bebeneficial to students who desire an internship inSOC/CJ. Prerequisite: consent of internship director.Identical to SOC 483. Offered each fall.484 Internship in Criminal Justiceand Sociology (8)Practiced, supervised experience in direct studentlearning in applied social settings. Students learn howacquired knowledge and research writing skills can beapplied to the workplace. Practical and appliedlearning through student performance in the appliedsetting gives the student a “competitive edge” forfuture community/workplace contribution. Prerequisites:18 hours of sociology or criminal justice andCJ 483 or SOC 483. Students must contact thedepartment faculty to review full eligibility for thiscourse. Identical to SOC 484. Offered each spring.489 Senior Integrative Assessment (4) IStudents assess and analyze the connectedness oftheir academic learning in light of their future goals.Contemporary topics take a holistic and systematicperspective focusing on a variety of issues such asjustice, ethics, and community needs. Prerequisite:junior/senior status. Juniors need consent from theinstructor. Identical to SOC 489. Offered each fall.THEATRETRAVIS B. MALONE, Division ChairpersonDR. SALLY H. SHEDD, Program CoordinatorVirginia Wesleyan’s theatre program is an artisticyet challenging educational effort. On stage and inthe classroom, theatre students gain experience invirtually every aspect of the field. They encounter awide variety of practical, theoretical, and criticalperspectives on theatre and dramatic literature, fromAncient Greece to the present. The multi-facetednature of the program covers a variety of specialties toassist the artist in adapting to an exciting and fastpacedprofession.At various times throughout the program, theatremajors will be required to meet with faculty membersto assess their development as artists and plan fortheir future involvement in the senior capstoneexperience. This experience, which is tailored to theneeds of each student, requires majors to completeadvanced creative and scholarly work to prepare themfor future employment in the field or for graduateschool.Major Requirements: TheatreCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.TH 100Introduction to TheatreTH 101 OR 4Rehearsal & Performance(2 sem. hrs., must be taken twice)TH 210Acting I4TH 220Technical Theatre4TH 250Script Analysis4TH 301Theatre History I: Origins to 16604See continuation of choices next page

172 THEATRETHEATRE173Chart continued from previous pageTH 302Theatre History II: 1660 to Present4ENG 346Shakespeare IENG 347OR 4Shakespeare IITwo additional theatre courses,one of which must be at the 8300/400 levelTH 410Theatre of DiversityTH 412OR 4DirectingOne of the following:TH 424Theatre PracticumTH 485 4Theatre InternshipTH 499Advanced Theatre ResearchTOTAL 44Major Requirements: Theatre and EnglishCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.ENG 289Approaches to Literary Study4ENG 311Theory & Criticism4ENG 346Shakespeare IENG 347OR 4Shakespeare IITwo courses in English, or literaturecourses in classics, or literature coursesin foreign languages and literatures 8at the 300/400 level and approved bythe student’s advisorOne course in English, or a literaturecourse in classics, or a literaturecourse in foreign languages and 4literatures at the 200 level or aboveand approved by the student’s advisorTH210Acting ITH220OR 4Technical TheatreTH301Theatre History I4TH302Theatre History II4One course in theatre at any level 4One of the following:ENG 489, TH 424, TH 485 4Minor Requirements: TheatreCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLETOTAL 44SEM.HRS.TH100Introduction to TheatreTH101 OR 4Rehearsal and Performance -(2 sem. hrs., must be taken twice)TH210Acting ITH2204Technical TheatreTH250Script Analysis4TH301Theatre History ITH302OR 4Theatre History IIOne Theatre course at the300/400 level4TH 410Theatre of DiversityORTH 4124DirectingTHEATRE COURSES (TH)TOTAL 24100 Introduction to Theatre (4) AGives an overview of the art, performance styles,history, and collaborative roles involved in creating,staging, and producing theatre. Offered each fall.101 Rehearsal and Performance (2) AStudents perform in, stage manage, or providetechnical support for a mainstage or studio playdirected by a faculty member. Students are selected byaudition and/or interview. Must be taken twice tofulfill the general studies requirement.210 Acting I (4) AAn introduction to basic principles of acting in aworkshop setting. Offered frequently.220 Technical Theatre (4) AA study of the concepts, methods, materials,equipment, and critical evaluation of theatrical designand technical theatre. Students gain practicalknowledge and experience in working on theatricalperformances and theatrical design. Students work onVirginia Wesleyan’s theatre productions. Offered eachfall.224/324 Theatre Practicum (2 or 4)Students gain experiential knowledge in a chosenproduction area. Practicum areas may include stagemanagement, box office and house management,publicity and promotion, dramaturgy, and design.May be taken and repeated for 2 or 4 semester hours.Prerequisite: consent. Offered each semester.250 Script Analysis (4) TA study of dramatic literature in relation toquestions of style, theatrical convention, andinterpretive theories. Some attention is given to theproduction of scripts into various cultural mediums,including theatre and film. Prerequisite: ENG 105with a grade of C or higher. Offered each spring.270, 370 Theatre Seminar,Advanced Seminar (4, 4)Provides opportunities to study particular subjectmatter or to take advantage of special competence byfaculty member in a given semester. Previous topicsinclude musical theatre and improvisation. Topicschange as needs and resources develop. May berepeated for credit as topics change. Prerequisite:varies according to the topic of the seminar. Offeredintermittently.301 Theatre History I (4) A,WA study of the literature, architecture,performance styles, design, and cultural impact oftheatre from the Ancient Greeks through FrenchNeoclassicism. Offered fall of even-numbered years.302 Theatre History II (4) A,WA study of the literature, architecture,performance styles, and cultural impact of theatrefrom the English Restoration to the present. Offeredspring of odd-numbered years.310 Acting II (4)An advanced study of acting in a workshopsetting. Features period style. Prerequisite: TH 210.Offered intermittently.346 Shakespeare I (4) WA study of the principal works of Shakespeare,concentrating on plays in which love, femininity, andthe family are particularly important. Includes eithera required trip to see live plays or a required filmseries. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade of C orhigher and sophomore status or consent. Identical toENG 346. Offered each fall.347 Shakespeare II (4) WA study of the principal works of Shakespeare,concentrating on histories and tragedies, especiallyones focusing on issues of masculinity and the state.Includes either a required trip to see live plays or arequired film series. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with agrade of C or higher and sophomore status orconsent. Identical to ENG 347. Offered in selectedsemesters.375 Images of Women in Theatreand Film (4)AStudents explore depictions of women in theatreand film over the past sixty years to gain anunderstanding and awareness of these media aspowerful societal forces for the dissemination ofgender ideology. They learn to apply feminist/gendertheories and criticism to theatrical performance,dramatic literature, and films. Offered intermittently.410 Theatre of Diversity (4) IStudents explore dramatic literature andperformances representative of marginalizedexperiences from the past sixty years. Using theoriesfrom the liberal arts and sciences, they seek todiscover the connection between experiences ofmarginalized groups of people and how thoseexperiences are expressed in theatre and culture.Offered fall semester of odd-numbered years.412 Direction (4)An introduction to practical and theoreticalaspects of directing. Working closely with theinstructor, students oversee all facets of a one-actproduction. Prerequisites: junior/senior status andconsent. Offered spring of odd-numbered years.424 Advanced Theatre Practicum (4)Fulfills the senior capstone requirement fortheatre majors. Students gain advanced experientialknowledge in a chosen production area that mayinclude acting, directing, stage management,production management, dramaturgy, and design.Students must have some experience in the chosenarea. Prerequisites: senior status and consent. Offeredeach semester.485 Theatre Internship (4-6)Offers upper-level students the opportunity forinstruction and experience in an off-campus,professional theatre setting. Students have a

174 THEATREWOMEN’S AND GENDER STUDIES175minimum of ten contact hours per week withsupervisors. Involves weekly journals, evaluationsfrom supervisors, portfolio creation, and oral defense.Prerequisites: junior/senior status and consent.Offered each semester.WOMEN’S ANDGENDER STUDIESDR. KATHLEEN CASEYDR. LESLIE CAUGHELLDR. KELLIE HOLZERDR. SUSAN LARKIN, Program CoordinatorDR. ALISON MARGANSKIDR. TARYN MYERSMS. SHARON PAYNEDR. SALLY SHEDDDR. JENNIFER SLIVKADR. KATHY STOLLEYDR. AUBREY WESTFALLWomen’s and Gender Studies is an interdisciplinaryprogram that presents students withdiverse perspectives for understanding andinterpreting the historical and contemporaryexperiences of women and men. Students willbecome familiar with numerous feminist and gendertheories and use them to understand andcontextualize past, current, and future culturalinteractions. The diverse perspectives encompassed bywomen’s and gender studies courses illuminate theimpact of gender in daily life and prepare students forthe multi-faceted, complex viewpoints they willencounter in graduate study and the workplace.Major Requirements:Women’s and Gender StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLEWGS 219Women in Culture & SocietyWGS 319Feminist & Gender TheoryWGS 430Women’s Studies/Gender Studies SeminarOne course from each division thatemphasizes women and gender(See program coordinator for a listof courses)Electives (Partial list below. Seeprogram coordinator for a completelisting each semester)SEM.HRS.4441212TOTAL 36At least five courses, includingWGS 319 and WGS 430, must beat the 300/400 level.Minor Requirements:Women’s and Gender StudiesCOURSE NUMBER AND TITLESEM.HRS.WGS 2194Women in Culture and SocietyWGS 4304Women’s Studies/Gender Studies SeminarThree courses from among offeringsemphasizing women and/or gender.At least one course must be at the300 level and courses must be from 12at least two different divisions.(Partial list below, see programcoordinator for a complete listingeach semester.)WGS Elective courses:BIO 311GeneticsBIO 410EvolutionCLAS 350Women in the Ancient WorldCJ/SOC 418Family ViolenceENG 261Women WritersENG 265Love, Sex and Marriagein Western LiteratureENG 318Adolescent LiteratureENG 385American Protest LiteratureHIST 352U.S. Women’s HistoryHIST 353History of Womenin Europe Since 1700HIST 426Heresy and the Witch-HuntPOLS 203Politics and LiteraturePOLS 204Introduction toFeminist Political ThoughtTOTAL 20See continuation of choices next pageChart continued from previous pagePOLS 239American Political ThoughtPOLS 335Women, Power and PoliticsPSY 351Psychology of GenderPSY 385Psychology of Eating DisordersSOC 311FamilySPAN 350Hispanic American Women WritersSW 361Human SexualitySW 402Women on the BrinkTH 371Images of Women in Theatre and FilmTH 410Theater of DiversityMany other topics courses fulfill WGS electiverequirements. See program coordinator for acomplete list each semester.WOMEN’S AND GENDERSTUDIES COURSES (WGS)219 Women in Culture and Society (4) SStudents examine conflicting definitions of genderin the contemporary U.S., analyzing general patternsand the impact of gender definitions on their ownlives. Differences in the definitions of womanhoodand manhood are discussed, along with the variety ofwomen’s experiences and perspectives. Ideas aboutgender are contrasted with the real-life situations ofwomen and men in our society. Emphasizes theopportunities and difficulties that women of differingraces and classes encounter in today’s society. Offeredeach fall.319 Feminist and Gender Theory (4) WExamines contemporary arguments about thenature of women and men and the biological,social, and aesthetic categories of male, female,intersex, masculine, feminine, heterosexual, andtransgendered. Gender issues are studied inrelation to historical and cross-cultural contexts,in relation to Western women’s movements ofthe 19th and 20th centuries, and in relation tolocal and global issues affected by the politics ofgender. Prerequisites: ENG 105 with a grade ofC or higher; WGS/SOC 219, WGS 220, orENG 311; or consent. Identical to ENG 319and SOC 319. Offered spring of evennumberedyears.430 Women’s Studies/Gender Studies Seminar (4)IAn examination of current issues pertinent towomen and gender. Students are exposed to a varietyof feminist, gender, and cultural theories. Topics varyfrom semester to semester. Recent topics include“Violence, Non-Violence, and the Body,” “GenderTrouble,” and the “The Female Athlete.”Prerequisites: WGS 219 or WGS 319 and junior orsenior status or consent. Identical to SOC 430. Maybe repeated for credit as topics vary. Offered spring ofodd-numbered years.

Directory

178 DIRECTORY DIRECTORY1792013–2014 Board of TrusteesAlexandra G. Arias ’03Jane P. Batten, H’06Susan Torma Beverly ’72George Y. BirdsongThomas C. BroylesDeborah H. ButlerJoseph D. Carson*Young Jin Cho*Lynn B. ClementsB. Minette CooperRobert H. DeFord, Jr.Christopher L. Dotolo ’91*Tammy L. Estep*O. L. EverettDale R. FoleyWilliam H. GeorgeSusan S. GoodeWilliam W. Granger IIIWilliam T. Greer, Jr.*S. Frank Blocker, Jr.Robert Friend Boyd, H’09Jerry G. Bray, Jr.**, H’02William J. FanneyJames W. GriffithsHelen Hoffman**, H’03Executive Officers:CHAIRMANGary D. Bonnewell ’79VICE CHAIRMANDavid L. KaufmanSECRETARYVincent J. Mastracco, Jr.TREASURERAnne B. ShumadineTrusteesTrustees Emeriti*Deceased**Ex-OfficioDIRECTORYRoy E. HendrixRonald M. KramerJohn F. MalbonElizabeth F. Middleton ’91Jerrold L. MillerTassos J. Paphites ’79Deborah M. Paxson ’75Bradford L. Phillips*Robin D. RayRichard D. Roberts, H’08Jeanne Polizos RossLouis F. RyanAlvin J. SchexniderWilliam S. Shelhorse ’70Joseph R. ThomasWilliam H. Thumel, Jr.John A. TrinderGeorge K. (Chip) Tsantes III ’83D. Henry Watts, H’07Henry C. Hofheimer II**, H’02H. P. McNeal**Kenneth R. Perry**, H’02Ralph G. Roop**Mary Wright Thrasher**Benjamin J. Willis, Jr.FACULTYThe first date in parentheses indicates the year when presentrank was attained; the second date, the year when theindividual was first appointed to the instructional staff.Robert B. Albertson (1997, 1979)Professor of Management/Business/Economicsand Chair, Division of Social SciencesB.A., M.B.A., Ph.D., Old Dominion UniversityTina M. Aldrich (2010, 2010)Assistant Professor of Recreation and Leisure StudiesB.S., A.S., Keene State CollegeM.S., University of Southern MaineEd.D., University of ArkansasKathy R. Ames (1984, 2010)Lecturer In MathematicsB.S., James Madison UniversityM.S., College of William and MarySoraya M. Bartol (2011, 2005)Batten Associate Professor of Marine BiologyB.A., University of VirginiaM.A., Ph.D., College of William and MaryRichard E. Bond (2011, 2005)Batten Associate Professor of HistoryB.A., Fordham UniversityM.A., Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins UniversityKaren A. Bosch (2003, 1993)Professor of Education; Director of Teacher EducationB.A., Michigan State UniversityM.A., Indiana University of PennsylvaniaPh.D., Old Dominion UniversityMurrell L. Brooks (2008, 2008)Assistant Professor of Political ScienceB.A., Sonoma State UniversityM.A., Howard UniversityPh.D., University of California, Los AngelesJames W. Brown (1999, 1999)Instructor of Health and Human ServicesB.A., Transylvania UniversityM.S.W., University of North CarolinaThomas F. Brown (2011, 2011)Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice and SociologyB.A., University of California, Santa CruzPh.D., Johns Hopkins UniversityDavid E. Buckingham (1982, 1982)Instructor of HistoryB.S., Campbell CollegeM.A., Old Dominion UniversityKathleen B. Casey (2012, 2012)Assistant Professor of HistoryB.A., Ph.D., University of RochesterLeslie A. Caughell (2012, 2012)Assistant Professor of Political ScienceB.A., M.A., Miami University Oxford, OhioPh.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampainPatricia H. Clark (2001, 2001)Instructor of Library ScienceB.A., University of California, Los AngelesM.S.L.S., Catholic University of AmericaTakeyra Collins (2012)Visiting Instructor of Recreation and Leisure StudiesB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.Ed., Old Dominion UniversityElaine E. Dessouki (1990, 1990)Assistant Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., M.A.S., M.B.A., Northern Illinois UniversityBenjamin D. Dobrin (2007, 1995)Professor of Social WorkB.A., College of William and MaryM.S.W., University of PennsylvaniaPh.D., University of South FloridaClayton J. Drees (2003, 1992)Professor of HistoryB.S., University of Santa ClaraM.A., California State UniversityPh.D., Claremont Graduate SchoolJoyce Blair Easter (2008, 2000)Professor of ChemistryB.S., Cornell UniversityPh.D., Duke UniversitySteven M. Emmanuel (1998, 1992)Professor of PhilosophyB.A., Boston UniversityM.A., Ph.D., Brown UniversitySusan J. Erickson (2012, 2012)Librarian II, Assistant LibrarianB.A., Trinity CollegeM.S.L.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel HillPaul L. Ewell (2012, 2008)Associate Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.B.A., Salisbury State UniversityD.B.A., Nova Southeastern UniversityLinda A. Ferguson (1996, 1987)Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., M.Ed., Shippensburg UniversityEd.D., College of William and MaryGinger L. Ferris (1993, 1986)Assistant Professor of EducationB.A., Old Dominion UniversityM.S., University of VirginiaHilve A. Firek (2010, 2010)Assistant Professor of EducationB.A., B.S., M.S., Old Dominion UniversityEd.D., University of MontanaAlain Gabon (2008, 1999)Associate Professor of FrenchLicence d’anglais, Université de Dijon-BourgogneM.A., Miami University, Oxford, OhioPh.D., University of IowaDavid G. Garraty (1992, 1979)Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., St. Joseph’s CollegeM.A., Temple UniversityWilliam A. Gibson (1993, 1987)Batten Professor of Political ScienceB.A., Arizona State UniversityM.A., Ph.D., Claremont Graduate SchoolDeirdre Gonsalves-Jackson (2010, 2006)Batten Associate Professor of BiologyA.B., Randolph-Macon Woman’s CollegeM.S., Florida Atlantic UniversityPh.D., Florida Institute of Technology

180 DIRECTORY DIRECTORY181Patrick A. Goold (2002, 1994)Associate Professor of PhilosophyB.A., Saint John’s CollegeM.Litt., Saint Andrews UniversityPh.D., Brown UniversityPhilip Guilfoyle (2008, 1999)Professor of ArtB.S., Berry CollegeM.A., Kean College of New JerseyM.F.A., University of DelawareJ. Christopher Haley (2008, 1997)Professor of Earth ScienceB.Sc., Washington and Lee UniversityPh.D., The Johns Hopkins UniversityJ. Michael Hall (1993, 1980)Lambuth M. Clarke Professor of EnglishB.A., Louisiana Tech UniversityM.A., University of ArkansasPh.D., University of IllinoisBenjamin S. Haller (2008, 2008)Batten Associate Professor of ClassicsB.A., The College of William and MaryM.A., M.L.I.S., Ph.D., University of PittsburghScott R. Hinze (2013, 2013)Assistant Professor of PsychologyB.A., Hope CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of Illinois at ChicogoStephen G. B. Hock (2012, 2007)Associate Professor of EnglishB.A., Haverford CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of PennsylvaniaKellie D. Holzer (2012, 2012)Assistant Professor of EnglishB.A., Seattle Pacific UniversityB.A., M.A., Ph.D., University of WashingtonRebecca E. Hooker (2008, 2008)Assistant Professor of EnglishB.A., Carleton CollegeM.S.Ed., Indiana UniversityM.A., George Mason UniversityPh.D., University of New MexicoMaury E. Howard (2008, 2008)Assistant Professor of ChemistryB.A., Dominican UniversityPh.D., University of Texas at AustinJoyce B. Howell (1999, 1984)Professor of Art HistoryB.A., M.A., Ph.D., University of VirginiaLawrence D. Hultgren (1981, 1969)Professor of PhilosophyB.A., Grinnell CollegeM.A., Ph.D., Vanderbilt UniversityCraig C. Jackson (2009, 2005)Batten Associate Professor of PsychologyB.S., University of FloridaM.A., Ph.D., Florida Atlantic UniversityKathy Merlock Jackson (1995, 1984)Professor of CommunicationB.A., West Virginia UniversityM.A., Ohio State UniversityPh.D., Bowling Green State UniversityCarol V. Johnson (1995, 1985)Associate Professor of EnglishB.A., M.A., Eastern Illinois UniversityD.A., Illinois State UniversityEric E. Johnson (2013, 2013)Assistant Professor of BiologyB.A., Southern Illinois University, CarbondalePh.D., University of British ColumbiaLee Jordan-Anders (2001, 1986)Professor of Music and Artist-in-ResidenceB.M., M.M., Northwestern UniversityCheul W. Kang (1985, 1985)Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.A., King CollegeM.S., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-MadisonDouglas A. Kennedy (1998, 1988)Professor of Recreation/Leisure StudiesB.S., University of DelawareM.S.Ed., Southern Illinois UniversityEd.D., Temple UniversityLydia Kennedy (2006, 2006)Associate Professor of MathematicsB.S., Hope CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of California, Santa BarbaraKevin W. Kittredge (2012, 2012)Associate Professor of ChemistryB.S., University of Illinois at Champaign-UrbanaM.S., California State University, FrescoPh.D., University of California-Santa CruzSusan E. Larkin (2012, 2008)Batten Associate Professor of EnglishB.A., Wheaton CollegeM.A., Ph.D., Illinois State UniversityTerrence Lindvall (2006, 2006)C. S. Lewis Endowed Chair and Professor inCommunication and Christian ThoughtB.A., Vanguard UniversityM. Div., Fuller SeminaryPh.D., University of Southern CaliforniaB. Malcolm Lively (2007, 2000)Batten Associate Professor of EducationB.S., University of MiamiM.A., Jacksonville UniversityPh.D., University of GeorgiaThomas Scott Liverman (2010, 2003)Associate Professor of Criminal JusticeB.A., Saint Leo UniversityJ.D., Regent UniversityThomas S. Lopez (2001, 1989)Professor of SociologyB.S., Geneva CollegeM.Ps.Sc., Ph.D., Pennsylvania State UniversityAudrey Malagon (2011, 2011)Assistant Professor of MathematicsB.A., Agnes Scott CollegePh.D., Emory UniversityElizabeth G. Malcolm (2010, 2004)Associate Professor ofOcean and Atmospheric SciencesB.A., Earlham CollegeM.S., Ph.D., University of MichiganTravis B. Malone (2011, 2005)Associate Professor of Theatre and Chair,Division of HumanitiesB.A., Sterling CollegeM.A., Kansas State UniversityPh.D., Bowling Green State UniversityAlison Marganski (2010, 2010)Assistant Professor of Criminal JusticeB.S., The College of New JerseyM.A., Ph.D., Rutgers –The State University of New JerseyDaniel S. Margolies (2010, 2000)Professor of HistoryB.A., Hampshire CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-MadisonGabriela A. Martorell (2010, 2010)Associate Professor of PsychologyB.S., University of California, DavisM.A., Ph.D., University of California, Santa BarbaraEric M. Mazur (2011, 2007)Gloria and David FurmanProfessor of Judaic StudiesB.A., M.A., University of VirginiaPh.D., University of California, Santa BarbaraStuart C. Minnis (2005, 2001)Associate Professor of CommunicationB.S., M.S., Texas Christian UniversityPh.D., University of KansasTaryn A. Myers (2010, 2010)Assistant Professor of PsychologyB.A., Kenyon CollegeM.A., Kent State UniversityPh.D., Kent State UniversityGarry E. Noe (1994, 1988)Associate Professor of PhysicsB.S., M.S., Ph.D., University of California, RiversideDeborah E. Otis (2000, 1988)Professor of ChemistryB.A., Gettysburg CollegePh.D., Virginia PolytechnicInstitute and State UniversityTimothy G. O’Rourke (2007, 2007)Professor of Political ScienceB.A., University of PittsburghM.A., and Ph.D., Duke UniversityGavin M. Pate (2010, 2010)Assistant Professor of EnglishB.A., Guilford CollegeM.F.A., Naropa UniversityLisa Lyon Payne (2011, 2011)Assistant Professor of CommunicationB.A., College of William and MaryM.S., University of TennesseePh.D., University of GeorgiaSharon L. Payne (2012, 1999)Professor of Social WorkB.S., Ursinus CollegeM.S.W., Smith College School for Social WorkL.C.S.W., C.S.A.C.Wayne M. Pollock (2009, 2000)Assistant Professor of Recreation/Leisure StudiesB.S., West Chester UniversityM.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel HillPh.D., Old Dominion UniversityPaul B. Rasor (2005, 2005)Professor of Interdisciplinary Studies andInstructor of Religious StudiesB.Mus., J.D., University of MichiganM.Div., Harvard Divinity SchoolPh.D., Harvard UniversityMargaret Reese (2007, 2004)Thomas R. Fanney DistinguishedAssociate Professor of MathematicsB.A., Converse CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of South CarolinaDiana E. Risk (2006, 2001)Batten Professor of SpanishB.A., M.A., University of Northern IowaPh.D., University of IowaPhilip Rock (2004, 2000)Batten Associate Professor of BiologyB.S., Nasson CollegePh.D., Rutgers UniversityJohn Rudel (2010, 2005)Associate Professor of ArtB.F.A., University of North Carolina, AshevilleM.F.A., University of GeorgiaAdam K. Ruh (2012, 2012)Lecturer in EnglishB.A., Eastern New Mexico UniversityM.A., University of New MexicoEhsan S. Salek (1997, 1993)Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., National University of IranM.S., University of MissouriM.B.A., Oklahoma City UniversityD.B.A., Nova UniversityMaynard H. Schaus (2008, 1998)Professor of Biology andChair, Division of Natural Sciences and MathematicsB.S., California Lutheran UniversityPh.D., Miami University (Ohio)Sara A. Sewell (2008, 2002)Batten Associate Professor of HistoryB.A., University of Wisconsin-MadisonM.A., Marquette UniversityM.A., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-MadisonSally H. Shedd (2008, 1999)Professor of TheatreB.A., Arkansas Tech UniversityM.A., University of ArkansasPh.D., University of KansasJennifer A. Slivka (2012, 2012)Assistant Professor of EnglishB.A., The Pennsylvania State UniversityM.A., Ph.D., University of MiamiKathy S. Stolley (2009, 2005)Professor of SociologyB.A., M.A., Old Dominion UniversityPh.D., The George Washington UniversityJayne E. Sullivan (2005, 2001)Associate Professor of EducationB.S., University of MarylandM.Ed., Loyola College in BaltimoreM.Ed., Bowie State UniversityPh.D., University of Maryland

182 DIRECTORY DIRECTORY183Sharon Swift (2005, 2001)Associate Professor of ArtB.F.A., University of OklahomaM.F.A., Old Dominion Universityand Norfolk State UniversityVivian E. Teter (2005, 1987)Professor of EnglishB.A., Hollins CollegeM.F.A., University of ArizonaVictor R. Townsend, Jr. (2010, 2000)Professor of BiologyB.S., Old Dominion UniversityM.S., Ph.D., University of LouisianaMichael J. Trotta (2012, 2012)Assistant Professor of Music and Director of Choral MusicB.M., M.M., Rowan UniversityD.M.A., Louisiana State UniversityMavel Z. Velasco (2000, 1987)Professor of SpanishB.A., M.A., Ph.D., Rutgers UniversityZ. John Wang (2010, 2000)Professor of Computer ScienceB.S., Taiyuan University of TechnologyM.S., National Harbin Institute of TechnologyPh.D., University of Southern MississippiCraig Wansink (2003, 1993)Professor of Religious StudiesB.S., Morningside CollegeM.Div, McCormick SeminaryM.A., Ph.D., Yale UniversitySusan M. Wansink (2001, 1991)Batten Professor of GermanB.A., M.A., Ph.D., Purdue UniversityJosh A. Weinstein (2007, 2007)Associate Professor of EnglishB.A., Wesleyan UniversityM.A., Ph.D., State University of New York at BuffaloFrederick B. Weiss (1997, 1984)Assistant Professor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., Temple UniversityM.A., American GraduateSchool of International ManagementAubrey L. Westfall (2011, 2011)Assistant Professor of Political ScienceB.A., Westmont CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of ColoradoDenise Pocta Wilkinson (2011, 1987)Professor of MathematicsB.S., M.S., Middle Tennessee State UniversityEducation Specialist, Appalachian State UniversityR. Cathal Woods (2010, 2005)Associate Professor of PhilosophyB.A., University of Dublin, Trinity CollegeM.A., Tulane UniversityPh.D., Ohio State UniversityFACULTY EMERITIThe first date in parentheses indicates the year of appointmentto the instructional staff; the second date indicates the year ofretirement.Connie Bellamy (1992, 2009)Professor of English EmeritaB.A., Antioch CollegeM.A., Pennsylvania State University, MansfieldPh.D., McGill UniversityEvelyn K. Blachman (1976, 2007)Assistant Professor of English EmeritaB.A., Northern Illinois UniversityM.A., University of ArkansasJohn R. Braley III (1985, 1978)Associate Professor of Recreation/Leisure StudiesB.A., University of South FloridaM.Ed., Springfield CollegeM.S., University of MaineR. David Clayton (1972, 2012)Professor of Music EmeritusB.M., Union UniversityM.M., George Peabody CollegeD.M., Florida State UniversityVictor I. Culver (1977, 1999)Professor of Education EmeritusA.B., Statue University of New York at BuffaloPh.D., University of Missouri at Kansas CityDora H. Dobrin (1975, 1999)Professor of Sociology EmeritaB.S., Florida State UniversityM.S., School of Social Welfare, Florida State UniversityRita E. Frank (1990, 2010)Professor of Psychology EmeritaB.A., George Washington UniversityM.A., Temple University and University of MarylandPh.D., University of MarylandDaniel W. Graf (1970, 2002)Professor of History EmeritusB.S., Wisconsin State University-La CrosseM.A., Ph.D., University of NebraskaJoseph H. Harkey (1966, 1996)Professor of English EmeritusB.S., University of South CarolinaM.A., Ph.D., University of TennesseeJames F. Harris (1986, 2000)Professor of Chemistry EmeritusB.S., Western Carolina UniversityM.T.S., College of William and MaryPh.D., Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State UniversityH. Rick Hite (1969, 1999)Professor of Theatre/Communication EmeritusA.B., Dartmouth CollegeM.A., The Johns Hopkins UniversityPh.D., Michigan State UniversityVerne M. Keefer (1969, 1998)Professor of Biology EmeritusB.A., Virginia Military InstitutePh.D., University of ColoradoCharles L. Kessler (1971, 1993)Professor of Religious Studies EmeritusB.A., Northwestern UniversityM.Div., Garrett Theological SeminaryPh.D., Northwestern UniversityJ. Patrick Lang (1980, 2007)Professor of Mathematics EmeritusB.S., University of WashingtonM.S., Ph.D., Florida State UniversityD. Barry Lipscomb (1968, 2007)Professor of Psychology EmeritusB.S., Georgia Institute of TechnologyPh.D., Duke UniversityGordon A. Magnuson (1971, 1997)Professor of English EmeritusB.S., Bemidji State CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of ArkansasNancy D. Montgomery (1988, 2010)Instructor of Recreation/Leisure Studies EmeritaB.S., Longwood CollegeM.A., Brigham Young UniversityL. Anderson Orr (1968, 1999)Lambuth M. Clarke Professor of English EmeritusB.Mus., B.A., Southwestern at MemphisB.D., Seabury-Western Theological SeminaryM.A., Ph.D., University of VirginiaStanford C. Pearson (1981, 2007)Instructor of Mathematics EmeritusB.A., Amherst CollegeM.S., Florida State UniversityPaul M. Resslar (1996, 1983)Professor of BiologyB.S., West Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.S., Ph.D., North Carolina State UniversityWilliam J. Ruehlmann (1998, 2011)Professor of Communication EmeritusB.A. American UniversityM.A., University of ArizonaPh.D., University of CincinnatiIsabelle L. Shannon (1979, 1998)Professor of Education EmeritaB.A., Wheaton CollegeM.A., Boston UniversityPh.D., Michigan State UniversityWilliam R. Shealy (1968, 1997)Professor of Religious Studies EmeritusPh.B., University of ChicagoB.D., Garrett Theological SeminaryS.T.M., Union Theological Seminary, New YorkPh.D., Drew UniversityPatricia R. Sullivan (1972, 1999)Professor of French EmeritaB.S., Georgetown UniversityM.A., Ph.D., University of VirginiaDonald Garrett Wolfgang (1972, 2007)Professor of Psychology EmeritusB.A., The Colorado CollegeM.A., Ph.D., University of MissouriMargaret C. Zimmerman (1982, 2005)Professor of Psychology EmeritaB.A., University of Western OntarioM.S., Ph.D., Old Dominion UniversityBATTEN PROFESSORSHIPS2013-2016Dr. Richard BondDr. William GibsonDr. Benjamin HallerDr. Diana RiskDr. Philip Rock2012-2015Dr. Deirdre Gonsalves-JacksonDr. Susan LarkinDr. Sara Sewell2011-2014Dr. Soraya BartolDr. Malcolm LivelyDr. Craig JacksonDr. Susan WansinkADJUNCT FACULTYThe date in parentheses indicates the year of appointment tothe instructional staff.Kevin M. Adams (2002)Adjunct Associate Professor of Management/Business/Economics and Information SystemsB.S., Rutgers UniversityM.S., Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPh.D., Old Dominion UniversityDwight Bolling (1988)Adjunct Associate Professor of SociologyB.S., M.S., Florida State UniversityEdward E. Brickell (2003)Adjunct Professor of Education and EnglishB.A., College of William and MaryM.A., University of ChicagoC.A.G.S., Ed.D., College of William and MaryWynter L. Edwards (2008)Adjunct Instructor of Sociology/Criminal JusticeB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.A., Old Dominion UniversityMs. Denise K. Makowski (2008)Adjunct Instructor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State UniversityM.B.A., Marymount UniversityMichael Panitz (1999)Adjunct Assistant Professor of History and Religious StudiesB.A., University of PennsylvaniaM.A., Ph.D., Jewish Theological SeminaryRene Perez-Lopez (1986)Adjunct Professor of Political ScienceB.A., M.L.S., State University of New York at AlbanyM.A., Case Western Reserve UniversityDennis M. Santos, Sr. (2011)Adjunct Faculty, Criminal JusticeB.A., Saint Leo UniversityM.A., Troy University

184DIRECTORY DIRECTORY 185Ray Shackelford (1987)Adjunct Instructor of Physical EducationB.S., Old Dominion UniversityEdward L. Shelton, II (2007)Adjunct Instructor of Management/Business/EconomicsB.S., M.S., Old Dominion UniversityM.S., Marymount UniversityGeorge M. Stone (1988)Adjunct Instructor of MusicB.M., M.M., East Carolina UniversityPatricia J. Terry (1999)Adjunct Assistant Professor of EducationB.S., Wittenberg UniversityM.S., Old Dominion UniversityEd.D., NOVA Southeastern UniversityBillye Brown Youmans (1994)Adjunct Instructor of MusicB.A., Belmont UniversityM.M., Peabody College of Vanderbilt UniversityADMINISTRATIVE STAFFThe date in parentheses indicates the year when the individualwas hired.President’s OfficeWilliam Thomas Greer, Jr. (1992)PresidentB.S., Valdosta State CollegeM.Div., Drew UniversityTh.D., Emory UniversityPh.D., Georgia State UniversityJudi A. Sands (1999)Executive Assistant to the PresidentLaynee Timlin (2009)Special Assistant to the Presidentand Director of Strategic PlanningB.S., M.Ed., California University of PennsylvaniaGregory West (2010)ChaplainB.A., Old Dominion UniversityM.Div., Asbury Theological SeminaryInstitutional Research and EffectivenessDonald Stauffer (1997)Director for Institutional ResearchB.S., M.B.A., Ohio State UniversityAcademic AffairsTimothy G. O’Rourke (2007)Vice President for Academic Affairs andKenneth R. Perry Dean of the CollegeB.A., University of PittsburghM.A., and Ph.D., Duke UniversityDavid K. Dirlam (2013)Director of Institutional Effectiveness and AccrediationB.A., Northwestern UniversityM.A., and Ph.D., McMaster UniversityCatherine C. Hartman (1981)Administrative Assistant for Natural Sciencesand Mathematics DivisionDeborah L. Hicks (1989)Associate Dean for Academic SupportB.S., Longwood CollegeM.Ed., University of VirginiaLeslie J. Hines (1985)Administrative Assistant for Humanities DivisionJane B. Kiefer (1996)Administrative Assistant for Social Sciences DivisionSally H. Shedd (1999)Associate Dean of the CollegeB.A., Arkansas Tech UniversityM.A., University of ArkansasPh.D., University of KansasKathy S. Stolley (2009, 2005)Associate Dean for Innovative Teaching andEngaged LearningB.A., M.A., Old Dominion UniversityPh.D., The George Washington UniversityJudith H. Tinsley (1990)Executive Administrative Assistant to the Vice President forAcademic Affairs and Kenneth R. Perry Dean of the CollegeAdult Studies ProgramThomas R. Farley (1987)Director, Adult Studies ProgramB.A., Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State UniversityM.S.Ed., Old Dominion UniversityPatricia Colthurst (2000)Student Services SpecialistB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSandra Ewell (2012)Evening Student Services SpecialistB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegePamela C. Paramore (1993)Assistant Director, Adult Studies ProgramB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeKathleen Reese (2005)Outreach Coordinator, Academic AdviserB.A., Bowling Green State UniversityM.S., Troy UniversityAmy R. Rush (2012)Academic Advisor and Accreditation CoordinatorM.A., Indiana University of PennsylvaniaM.E., University of PittsburghCareer ServicesLisa Fentress (2002)Director of Career ServicesB.A., Elmira CollegeM.A., West Virginia UniversityLeslie J. Hines (1985)Administrative Assistant for Career ServicesLashay Wyatt (2011)Assistant Director of Career ServicesB.S., M.S., Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Sacred MusicSandra Billy (1995)Director of the Center for Sacred Musicand Artistic Director of the VWC Concert SeriesB.S., Old Dominion UniversityB.S., M.S., LaSalle UniversityD.S.M., Graduate Theological UnionCenter for theStudy of Religious FreedomPaul B. Rasor (2005)Director of Center for the Study of Religious FreedomB.M., J.D., University of MichiganM.Div., Harvard Divinity SchoolPh.D., Harvard UniversityAnn P. Shappell (1980)Assistant to the Director of theCenter for the Study of Religious FreedomB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeEducation DepartmentStacey Wollerton (2006)Director of Education Field Experiences andCoordinator of the ACT ProgramB.S., Edinboro University of PennsylvaniaM.S., Old Dominion UniversityMary J. Karlis (2012)Adminsitrative AssistantM.A., West Chester UniversityHofheimer LibraryArianne K. Avery (2006)Inter-Library Loan CoordinatorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSandra S. Brooks (1973)Director of Library and Technical ServicesB.A., Alma CollegeM.A., University of VirginiaPatricia H. Clark (2001)Research Librarian IIB.A., University of California, Los AngelesM.L.S., Catholic University of AmericaKaren Devereaux (1992)Circulation SupervisorB.S., Old Dominion UniversitySusan J. Erickson (2012)Director of the Hofheimer LibraryB.A., Trinity CollegeM.S.L.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel HillKaren Hill (1988)Assistant, Audio Visual DepartmentStephen G. Leist (2012)Research LibrarianM.L.S., University of KentuckyM.A., University of Wisconsin-MadisonInstructional TechnologyRobin A. Takacs (1996)Instructional Technology DirectorB.A., Russell Sage CollegeM.A., Fairfield UniversityInternational and Intercultural ProgramsLena Johnson (2003)Director of the Office of Internationaland Intercultural ProgramsB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeLearning CenterCarol V. Johnson (1985)Director of Writing CenterB.A., M.A., Eastern Illinois UniversityD.A., Illinois State UniversityAnne Fansher (2003)Assistant Director,Writing Centerand Advising SupportB.A., M.A., Columbia International UniversityGenai L. Hill (2006)Director of Tutoring and Placement ReportingB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeLinda Sykes (1995)Learning Center AssistantB.A. Campbell CollegeProgramsRichard E. Bond (2005)Director of General StudiesB.A., Fordham UniversityM.A., Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins UniversityJoyce Blair Easter (2000)Director of Honors and ScholarsB.S., Cornell UniversityPh.D., Duke UniversityLawrence D. Hultgren (1969)Director of PORTfolioB.A., Grinnell CollegeM.A., Ph.D., Vanderbilt UniversitySara A. Sewell (2002)Director of Undergraduate ResearchB.A., University of Wisconsin-MadisonM.A., Marquette UniversityM.A., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-MadisonSusan M. Wansink (1991)Director of Winter SessionB.A., M.A., Ph.D., Purdue UniversityRegistrarRegina Bynum (2012)RegistrarB.A., North Carolina State UniversityM.A., The Ohio State UniversityChristine M. Creameans (2007)Administrative AssistantJulie A. Houghton (2002)Administrative AssistantSharon L. Wilson (1980)Associate RegistrarB.A., Virginia Wesleyan College

186 DIRECTORYDIRECTORY187Women’s Resource CenterSharon L. Payne (1993)Director of Women’s Resource CenterB.S., Ursinus CollegeM.S.W., Smith College School for Social WorkL.C.S.W., C.S.A.C.Business AffairsCary A. Sawyer (1994)Vice President of FinanceB.S., Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State UniversityElaine Aird (1988)Accounts Payable CoordinatorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.A., Norfolk State UniversityOreleah Barham (1991)Coordinator of Special Projects andCoordinator of CollectionsMaria DeSantis (2010)Student Accounts CoordinatorB.S., Old Dominion UniversityAudrey Gluck (1984)Payroll ManagerDelicia Johnson (2010)Staff AccountantB.S., University of PanamaRonda L. Rothwell (2003)Business Office CashierLindsay A. Sands (2001)Student Accounts SupervisorBruce F. Vaughan (1999)Vice President of Business OperationsB.S., University of MarylandM.A., Central Michigan UniversityMidge L. Zimmerman (1999)Director of PurchasingHuman ResourcesKarla R. Rasmussen (2010)Director of Human ResourcesB.S., Longwood CollegeAmy Dudley (1999)Human Resources Assistant andEmployee Benefits CoordinatorAuxiliary and Customer ServicesCecile A. Brown (2010)Copy Center SpecialistB.S., Columban CollegeKimberly Brown (2000)Manager, Scribner BookstoreTia Caffee (2002)Materials ManagerArgina Fernandez (2006)Mail Clerk/Shipping and ReceivingDiana Myers (1989)Switchboard Operator/ReceptionistJessica West (2007)Switchboard Operator/ReceptionistB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSaskia White (2009)Assistant Manager, Scribner BookstoreComputer Services DepartmentJack Dmoch (1999)Chief Technology OfficerB.S., Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State UniversityJohn D. Aird (1997)Senior Technology SpecialistB.S., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeGregory Baptiste (2001)Manager of Administrative Computer SystemsB.S., Old Dominion UniversityTerry Critser (2003)Computer Systems AdministratorECPIAmanda Harvey (2011)Administrative Computing Programmer IB.S., Hampton UniversityScott Harvey (2012)Help Desk TechnicianShawn Loulies (2011)Help Desk SupervisorECPINicholas Mushik (2009)Computer Systems AdministratorGeorge Patillo (2011)Administrative Computing Programmer IB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeMarcia J. Williams (1997)Network ManagerB.A., Saint Leo CollegeM.P.A., Troy State UniversityFood ServicesTimothy LockettDirector of Dining ServicesPhysical PlantDavid Hopper (1994)Director of the Physical PlantVirginia Videll (1998)Assistant Director for Conferences and Special EventsB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeGale Carter (1989)Secretary/Work Center CoordinatorGroundsLarry Barnard (2008) Robert Krauss (2006)Kathleen G. Bartkus (2004) James Losey (2005)Kent Brown (2006)HousekeepingBernice Bledsoe (1992) Susan Quigley (2013)Nathan Boudreaux (2011) Sheila Rouson (1987)Maria Clemons (2002) Ryan Smith (2012)Edward Coyle (2011) Rosetta Snead (2001)Anthony Daniels (1996) Betty Spence (2005)Marjorie Langley (2012) Harold Stallings (2005)Tina Martin (1991), Supervisor Alvina Wallace (2008)Mary McKennelly (1988) Deborah Ware (1991)Brenda Moore (1992) Malasia Williams (1999)Robin Palmer (2011) Caprena Wright (2007)Jeanette Pitchford (2011) Joyce Young (1990)MaintenanceBrandon Adair (2013) Robert Carl (2006)Kent Algire (1991) David Freeman (2009)William Bennett (2008) Richard Harmon (2013)Alan Brown (1997), Joseph Hopkins (2009)Support Leader Steven Sparks (1998)Robert Busse (2012)College AdvancementMarguerite K. Vail (2010)Vice President for College AdvancementB.A., Hollins CollegeTheresa L. Barker (1986)Benefactor CoordinatorB.A., Indiana University of PennsylvaniaB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeKala Bohigian (2012)Development Researcher and Database AssistantB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeJodi Bryant (2013)Executive Assistant to the Vice President of AdvancementTeri Eddleman (2006)Manager, College AdvancementSheri Higgason (2005)Development Assistant for GiftsLori McCarel (2007)Director of Leadership GivingB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSuzanne M. Savage (2004)Associate Vice President for College AdvancementB.A., Emory UniversityMelissa S. Snyder (2012)Assistant Director of Annual GivingB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeKristin R. Williams (2012)Director of Annual GivingB.A., Wheaton CollegeTiffany Williams (2010)Operations Manager for College AdvancementB.A., Norfolk State UniversityAlumni OfficeLina Green (2012)Director of Alumni RelationsB.A., M.A., Western Carolina UniversityCollege CommunicationsChristine Hall (2005)Associate Director of CollegeCommunications/Design ManagerJanice Marshall-Pittman (2006)Associate Director of CollegeCommunications/Production ManagerB.F.A., Virginia Commonwealth UniversityLeona E. Baker (2010)Director of CommunicationsB.A., James Madison UniversityB.F.A., Virginia Commonwealth UniversityW. Michael Skipper (2010)WebmasterA.S., Tidewater Community CollegeCIW ProfessionalStephanie E. Smaglo (2012)Assistant Director of CommunicationsLead WriterB.A., St. Bonaventure UniversityEnrollment ManagementDavid E. Buckingham (1982)Vice President for Student Affairsand Dean of Enrollment ServicesB.S., Campbell CollegeM.A., Old Dominion UniversityNelson Davis (2010)Dean of AdmissionsB.A., Roanoke CollegeElizabeth Clarke (1998)Associate Dean of AdmissionsB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.A., College of William & MaryPeter T. Colbert (2013)Associate Dean of AdmissionsB.A., Roanoke CollegeMegan Brammer (2009)Assistant Director of Admissions and Event CoordinatorB.A., Christopher Newport UniversityM.Ed., Old Dominion UniversityCharline Bess (2000)Support Staff SupervisorCarmen Dawkins (2010)Admissions CounselorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSara E. Gastler (1997)Associate Director for Transfer and Special PopulationsB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeM.Ed., College of William and MarySarah E. Giamarino (2012)Records ManagerKimberly Harriman (2012)Admissions ReceptionistB.A., Virginia Wesleyan College

188 DIRECTORY DIRECTORY189Bradford Jones (2012)Admissions CounselorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeKelly King (2006)Assistant Director of AdmissionsA.A., Northern Virginia Community CollegeB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeMelanie Monk (2010)Financial Aid Consultant, VA Certifying Official,and Assistant to the Director of Financial AidB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeElizabeth B. Payne (2010)Loan Coordinator/Financial Aid CounselorB.A., Randolph-Macon Woman’s CollegeTeresa C. Rhyne (1992)Director of Financial AidB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeMalleri Santiago (2008)Data Records ManagerStudent AffairsDavid E. Buckingham (1982)Vice President for Student Affairsand Dean of Enrollment ServicesB.S., Campbell CollegeM.A., Old Dominion UniversityKeith Moore (1999)Dean of StudentsB.A., Curry CollegeM.Ed., University of MassachusettsEd.D., Nova Southeastern UniversityMichele A. Obenour (1988)Executive Assistant to theVice President for Student AffairsA.S., Edinboro UniversityB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeAthletic DepartmentJoanne M. Renn (1994)Director of AthleticsB.S., Old Dominion UniversityM.S., Troy State UniversityMegan DiCave (2013)Women’s Lacrosse, CoachB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeC. Nick Boothe (1986)Baseball CoachB.S., Old Dominion UniversityJeffrey Bowers (2000)Associate Athletic Director and Women’s Soccer CoachB.S., York CollegeThomas E. Drabczyk (2010)Director of Men’s and Women’s Tennis;Assistant Sports Information DirectorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeStephany S. Dunmyer (2003)Assistant Athletic Director and Women’s Basketball CoachB.A., Kenyon CollegeM.Ed., Ashland UniversityAndrea Hoover (2006)Head Women’s Volleyball CoachB.S., Slippery Rock UniversityM.A., Marietta CollegeShelley T. Hunter (2004)Athletic Department Intercollegiate CoordinatorB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeKrista Littleton (2004)Head Women’s Cross Country/Track and Field CoachB.A., North Central CollegeMathew Littleton (2004)Head Men’s Cross Country/Track and Field CoachB.A., North Central CollegeDavid M. Macedo (1998)Men’s Basketball CoachB.A., M.S., Wilkes UniversityStefani M. Masterton (2012)Assistant Athletic TrainerB.A., North Central CollegeChris Mills (2007)Head Men’s Soccer CoachLuke Reilly (2007)Assistant Men’s Lacrosse CoachB.A., University of Maryland, BaltimoreChristina L. Restivo (2013)Head Field Hockey CoachB.A., University of MarylandM.A., Wake Forest UniversityJoshua P. Stewart (2002)Men’s Lacrosse CoachB.A. Hampden-Sydney CollegeJoseph Wasiluk (2001)Sports Information DirectorAndrew P. Wissinger (2012)Associate Head Baseball CoachB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeJoseph Witt (2009)Head Athletic TrainerB.S., Roanoke CollegeM.S., Virginia Polytechnic and State UniversityCampus CenterJason Seward (2001)Dean of Freshmen and Director of Batten CenterB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeBrandon Elliott (2007)Associate Director of Batten Centerand Head Women’s Softball CoachB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeWilliam Harrell (2001)Associate Director of Batten Center andDirector of Aquatics and FitnessB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeJennifer Mitchell (2005)Director of Student Activities,Greek Life and Commuter ServicesB.A., Virginia Wesleyan CollegeCampus SecurityJerry Mance (2007)Director of Campus SecurityC. J. Sholler (2005)Administrative AssistantB.S., St. Cloud UniversitySecurity Patrol OfficersLeon Alexander (2013)Moses Alston (Cpl.) (1984)Barbara Artis (Cpl.) (2010)Mark Banks (CSP) (2008)Floyd Beatty (2011)Edwin Bidot (CSP) (2010)James Britt (Cpl.) (2010)Michael Burney (CSP) (2010)Victor F. Dorsey (Sgt.) (2005)Andre Jerry (CSP) (2009)Monica Johnson-Lewis (2009)Clifford Kirkland (Sgt) (2011)Randy Lott (2009)Ramona Mays (2013)Rodney McFarlin (Cpl.) (2003)David Nieves (CSP) (2008)Aime Noumon (2013)Fern Parker (2013)Carl Piece (Cpl.) (2011)Kimberly Rose (2011)Karl Schmid (CSP) (2007)Arnold Selga (2013)Joseph Shank (CSP) (2008)Russell Taliaferro (Cpl.) (2005)Thomas Washington (2010)Emmanuel White (Capt.) (1999)Community ServiceDiane E. Hickey Hotaling (1985)Director of Community ServiceB.S., Utica College of Syracuse UniversityCounseling ServicesJames W. Brown (1999)Director of Student Counseling ServicesB.A., Transylvania UniversityM.S.W., University of North CarolinaMarea Hyman (2005)Associate Director of Student CounselingB.A., Averett CollegeM.S.W., Virginia Commonwealth UniversityHealth ServicesValerie Covington, R.N. (2010)Director of Health ServicesB.S. Norfolk State UniversityResidence LifeMcCarren Caputa (2008)Associate Dean of Students for Residence LifeB.A., Fort Lewis CollegeM.Ed., Western Washington UniversityPhillip Boyd (2009)Assistant Dean of Students for Residence LifeB.A., The University of GeorgiaM.Ed., Valdosta State UniversityDesiree Ladyman (2007)Director of Residence Life Assignmentsand Housing OperationsA.D., Southwestern Oregon Community CollegeB.A.,Virginia Wesleyan CollegeSTAFF EMERITIThe first date in parentheses indicates the year of appointmentto the instructional staff; the second date indicates the year ofretirement.Barbara S. Adams (1989-2012)RegistrarB.S., Carson-Newman CollegeM.S., University of ArkansasJames R. Bergdoll (1966-1998)Vice President for College Relations and DevelopmentB.A., Randolph-Macon CollegeM.A., American UniversityWilliam T. Joseph (1966-2006)Vice President for Business AffairsA.B., East Carolina UniversityM.B.A., Old Dominion UniversityStephen S. Mansfield (1968-2008)Vice President for Academic Affairs andKenneth R. Perry Dean of the CollegeA.B., The College of William and MaryM.A., Ph.D., University of VirginiaJan S. Pace (1991-2012)Director of LibraryB.A., Northern Arizona UniversityM.S.L.S., University of PittsburghRené Pérez-López (1986, 1999)Vice President for Information Systems andDirector of LibraryB.A., M.L.S., State University of New York at AlbanyM.A., Case Western Reserve University

190 INDEX INDEX191AAcademic Clemency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Academic Probation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Academic Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Academic Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Academic Skills Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Academic Standing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Academic Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Accommodations forStudents with Special Needs . . . . . . . . . . 15Adding A Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Additional Baccalaureate Degree . . . . . . . . . . . 45Administrative Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184Admission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 60Adult Studies Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Advanced Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Advisory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 62Aid Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40American Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Application for Admission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Application for Graduation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Applied Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Art History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Athletics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Attendance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54, 61BBachelor of Arts Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Bachelor of Science Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Bachelor of Social Work Degree . . . . . . . . . . . 45Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Board of Trustees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 72CCalendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside Back CoverCampus Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Campus Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Campus Ministries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Careers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Catalog of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Center for Sacred Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Center for the Studyof Religious Freedom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 77Chapel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Classical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Classics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Classification of Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Clubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 29College LevelExamination Program (CLEP) . . . . . . . . 34, 62College Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6INDEXCommencement Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Community Council . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Commuting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Computer Literacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Comprehensive Liberal Studies . . . . . . . . . 53, 61, 86Comprehensive Liberal Studies—Curricular Emphasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 87Comprehensive Liberal Studies—Middle Education (6-8) . . . . . . . . . . . 88Computer Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Counseling Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Course Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Course Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Course Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Course Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Course Repeat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Course Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Criminal Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166Cross Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Cultural Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27DDean’s List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178Dismissal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Divisional Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Dropping A Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54EEarth and Environmental Sciences . . . . . . . . . 89Early Alert System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Education/Special Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Educational Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 99Environmental Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Examinations and Grade Reports . . . . . . . . . . 56, 57Experiential Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 18Experimental Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Externships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13FFaculty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Faculty Emeriti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182Family Educational Rights andPrivacy Act (FERPA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Financial Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Financial Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 61First-Year Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 108Foreign Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 109Foreign Language Proficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Foreign Languages and Literatures . . . . . . . . . . 109Foreign Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Frames of Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 49French Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111GGeneral Studies Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46General Studies Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116German Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Grade Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Grade of H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Grade Point Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51, 56Grade Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Grading System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Graduation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 51Greek (See Classics) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Guided Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15HHealth Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Health Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50, 116History and Social Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 117Home School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Honor Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Honors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Honors and Scholars Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Hour PoliciesClassification of Students . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Course Limitations (64/88 rule) . . . . . . . 57Course Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Residence Requirement(32-hour rule) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Humanities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44, 123IIncomplete (Grade) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Independent Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Individualized Studies Major . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53, 123Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Intercollegiate Athletics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Internships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13International Baccalaureate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Interdisciplinary Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123International Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33International Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125JJane P. Batten Student Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Jewish Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Journalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86KLLatin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Latin Honors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Learning Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12MMajor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 51, 61Major Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53, 61MajorsAmerican Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Classical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Comprehensive Liberal Studies . . . . . . . . 61, 87Computer Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Criminal Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166Earth and Environmental Sciences . . . . . 89English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Environmental Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107French Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109German Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Hispanic Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117History and Social Science . . . . . . . . . . . 117International Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Latin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Political Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Psychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Recreation and Leisure Studies . . . . . . . . 154Religious Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Social Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161Social Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Sociology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Theatre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Theatre and English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 172Women’s and Gender Studies . . . . . . . . . 174Marlins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Mathematics and Computer Science . . . . . . . . 127Military Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Minor Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54MinorsAmerican Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Art (see Studio Art) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Art History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Classical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Computer Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Criminal Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Earth and Environmental Sciences . . . . . 90English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Environmental Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108French Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110German Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Hispanic Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Jewish Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

192INDEXLatin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Marine Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70, 90Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Political Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Psychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Religious Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Sociology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Studio Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Theatre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172Women’s and Gender Studies . . . . . . . . . 174Mission Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134NName Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Natural Science Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 50Natural Sciences and Mathematics . . . . . . . . . 44Non-Discrimination Policy . . . . . . Inside Front CoverNon-Resident Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57OOral Communication Proficiency . . . . . . . . . . 52Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 29PPass/Fail Grades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Physical Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Physical Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Physical Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Plan of Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 44Political Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Pre-Professional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18PORTfolio Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 146Professional Development Series . . . . . . . . . . . 148Professional Education Programs . . . . . . . . . . . 93Program Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Psychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149QRReadmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Recreation and Leisure Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Refund Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Registration, Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Religious Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Repeating a Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Residence Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Residential Living . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Rights and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60ROTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14SSatisfactory Academic Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Science(Earth and Environmental Sciences) . . . . . . 89Selective Retention Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Senior Integrative Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 51Social Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 53, 161Social Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Sociology/Criminal Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Spanish (Hispanic Studies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Special Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Special Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Staff Emeriti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Student Government Association . . . . . . . . . . 27Student Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Studio Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Study Abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Summer Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Support Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58TTeaching Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128, 129Theatre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Transcripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Transfer Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Transfer Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 60Transient Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Trustees, Board of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178Two-Course Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Tuition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15UVVeterans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Virginia Tidewater Consortium . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32WWesleyan Scholars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Winter Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Withdrawal from College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 58Women’s and Gender Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174Writing Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Writing Intensive Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 49XYZ2013JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRILS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 66 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 1313 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 2020 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 2727 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 3031MAY JUNE JULY AUGUSTS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 35 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 1012 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 1719 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 2426 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 3130SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBERS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 9 10 11 12 13 1415 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 2122 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 2829 30 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 30 31Fall Semester 2013Orientation for Freshmen ________________June 21, July 1Fall student athletes arrive ________________Aug. 18Fall Faculty Workshop___________________Aug. 20New students arrive_____________________Aug. 21August Orientation for Freshmen __________Aug. 21New transfer students arrive ______________Aug. 23Freshman Honor Convocation ____________Aug. 23Residence halls open at 10:00 a.m.for returning students ________________Aug. 24Classes begin__________________________Aug. 26Labor Day Holiday (no classes/labs) _________Sept. 2ASP weekend classes begin _______________Sept. 6, 7Fall Convocation ______________________Sept. 12Homecoming/Parent Weekend ____________Oct. 4, 5, 6*Fall Break ___________________________Oct. 10-11Mid-Semester Progress Reportsavailable on WebAdvisor______________Oct. 16VWC Day ___________________________Oct. 19ASP Advising/Registration forSpring 2014 (Noon) _________________Oct. 23Advising Weeks forSpring 2014 Registration______________Oct. 28-Nov. 8Advance Registration forSpring 2014 Semester begins___________Nov. 1Last day for dropping a coursewithout automatic WF _______________Nov. 8Honors & Scholarship Day_______________Nov. 8VWC Day ___________________________Nov. 9**Thanksgiving Holiday _________________Nov. 27-29Classes resume_________________________Dec. 2Classes end (Evening classes end Dec. 5) ______Dec. 6Evening and weekendfinal examinations___________________Dec. 6-12Reading Day__________________________Dec. 7December Graduate Reception ____________Dec. 8Final examinations _____________________Dec. 9-12Semester ends after last exam______________Dec. 12Residence halls close at 5:00 p.m. __________Dec. 12* Evening classes meet Thursday, Oct. 10.** Monday laboratories meet at the discretion ofthe instructor. Only Monday evening classes meetthis week.CALENDAR 2013–20142014JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRILS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 4 1 1 1 2 3 4 55 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 1212 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 1919 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 2626 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 3030 31MAY JUNE JULY AUGUSTS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 24 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 1618 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 2325 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 3031SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBERS M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 1314 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 2728 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 28 29 30 3130Spring Semester 2014Residence Halls open for Winter Session_______Jan. 1Winter Session ________________________Jan. 2-24Drop WS course without record ___________Jan. 3Drop WS course without automatic W/F ____Jan. 8Spring Faculty Workshop ________________Jan. 23New Freshmen and transfer students arrive ___Jan. 24New Student Orientation ________________Jan. 24Residence halls open at 10:00 a.m.for returning students ________________Jan. 25Classes begin__________________________Jan. 27ASP weekend classes begin _______________Jan. 31-Feb. 1Honors & Scholarship Day_______________Feb. 7VWC Day ___________________________Feb. 8Honors & Scholarship Day_______________Mar. 7VWC Day ___________________________Mar. 8Spring Break __________________________Mar. 17-23(ASP classes meet Saturday, Mar. 15)Classes resume_________________________Mar. 24Mid-Semester Progress Reportsavailable on WebAdvisor______________Mar. 26Admitted Student Day __________________Apr. 5Advising Weeks for Fall 2014 Registration____Apr. 7-18Advance Registration forSummer and Fall 2014 begins__________Apr. 11ASP Advising/Registration forSummer/Fall 2014 begins _____________Apr. 13Last day for dropping a coursewithout automatic WF _______________Apr. 18Easter Sunday _________________________Apr. 20Easter Monday Holiday(Monday labs meet another day-TBA)_____Apr. 21Classes resume_________________________Apr. 22Faculty Assembly-Faculty approve graduates _____________Apr. 25Spring Honors Convocation& Academic Fair____________________May 2Classes end (Evening classes end May 6 )______May 7Evening and weekend final examinations ____May 7-13Reading Day__________________________May 8Final examinations _____________________May 9, 10& 12, 13Residence halls close at 5:00 p.m.,except for graduates_________________May 13Commencement_______________________May 17Summer Session begins_________________May 27Summer Session ends __________________Aug. 15