Chapter 6 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds

Chapter 6Nomenclature ofInorganic Compounds1

6.1 Common and systematic names6.1 Common and systematic nameschemical nomenclature – the system of namesthat chemists use to identify compoundscommon name2

system for inorganic nomenclature was devised byInternational Union of Pure and Applied ChemistryIUPACrules for naming inorganic substance3

6.2 Elements and ionselements occurring as polyatomic moleculeshydrogen H 2 chlorine Cl 2 sulfur S 8oxygen O 2 fluorine F 2 phosphorus P 4nitrogen N 2 bromine Br 2iodine I 2ioncation K K + + e -K potassium K + potassium ionMg magnesium Mg 2+ magnesium ionAl aluminum Al 3+ aluminum ionanion Cl + e - Cl -Cl chlorine Cl - chloride ion4

F fluorine F - fluoride ionBr bromine Br - bromide ionI iodine I - iodide ionO oxygen O 2- oxide ionN nitrogen N 3- nitride ioncharges of selected ions5

6.3 Writing formulas from names ofcompoundsa chemical compound must have a net charge ofzeroformula writing of ionic compoundsex. 6.1 write formula for(a) calcium chlorideCa 2+ Cl - CaCl 2(b) magnesium oxideMg 2+ O 2- MgO(c) barium phosphideBa 2+ P 3- Ba 3 P 26

6.4 Naming binary compoundsbinary compounds contain only two differentelementsA. binary ionic compounds containing a metalforming only one type of cationsNaClsodium chlorideCaBr 2 calcium bromideMg 3 N 2 magnesium nitrideLi 2 O lithium oxide7

B. binary ionic compounds containing a metal thatcan form two or more types of cationsIUPAC devised the Stock systemcation +1 +2 +3 +4 +5(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V)ex. FeCl 2 iron(II) chloride ferrous chlorideFeCl 3 iron(III) chloride ferric chlorideCuCl copper(I) chloride cuprous chlorideCuCl 2 copper(II) chloride cupric chlorideex.6.3 name the compound FeSiron(II) sulfideferrous sulfide8

C. binary compounds containing two nonmetalsSi B P H C S I Br N Cl O Fthe element that occurs first in this series iswritten and name first, the name of the secondelement retains the –ide endingLatin prefix indicates the number of atoms of theelement1 mono 2 di 3 tri 4 tetra5 penta 6 hexa 7 hepta 8 octa9 nona 10 decaex. N 2 O 3dinitrogen trioxideex. 6.4 name the compound PCl 5phosphorus pentachloride9

D. acids derived from binary compoundsex. HCl(g) hydrogen chlorideHCl(aq) hydrochloric acidH 2 S(g) hydrogen sulfideH 2 S(aq) hydrosulfuric acidflow chart for naming binary compounds10

6.5 Naming compounds containingpolyatomic ionspolyatomic ion – ion that contains two or moreelementssome common polyatomic ionsoxy-anionsper- -ate -ate -ite hypo- -iteSO2-4 sulfate SO2-3 sulfiteNO-3 nitrate NO-2 nitrite11

three common polyatomic cationsNH 4+ ammonium H 3 O + hydroniumHg2+2 mercury (I)name the compounds1. identify the ions2. name the cations in the order given3. name the anion12

6.6 Acidsacid formulas often begin with Hbinary acids HCl H 2 Soxy-acids H 2 SO 4 HNO 3polyatomic anion acid-ate -ic acid-ite -ous acid13

flow chart for naming polyatomic compounds14