usually borne at or near apex of pedicel (rarely at middle orbase); bract lanceolate to narrowly so, 3–12 mm, shorter thanflower (sometimes a few bracts at base of raceme to 2 × flowerlength), glabrous, apex acute. Perianth white to pink, 4–7.5 mm,glabrous (but sometimes slightly puberulent at base of tube);tube very short, broadly funnelform; lobes erect, spreading,recurved, or revolute, narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate,2–5.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, 1–5 × tube length, apex obtuse to acute.Capsule narrowly ovoid to subglobose, 4–8 × 2–4 mm, apex ofvalves abruptly narrowed; style 1–3 mm; stigma thickened ornot. Fl.Mar–Aug, fr. Apr–Aug.Forests, river banks, stream beds, rocks; 1100–2900 m. Guizhou,Sichuan, E Xizang (Bomi Xian).Typical Aletris laxiflora from C Sichuan and E Xizang has short,usually erect perianth lobes, while plants from C and E Sichuan andGuizhou have longer, often recurved or revolute perianth lobes, andhave been called A. revoluta. Intermediate plants occur where the twoentities overlap in C Sichuan. All are here regarded as a single, variablespecies. The type of A. gracilipes, from C Sichuan, also belongs hereand not under A. stelliflora (i.e., A. gracilis) as given in FRPS; it is unusualin having 6–10 mm long pedicels with a basal bract and bracteole.5. Aletris gracilisRendle, J. Bot. 44: 41. 1906.星 花 粉 条 儿 菜 xing hua fen tiao er caiAletris stelliflora Handel-Mazzetti.Plant glabrous throughout. Rhizome surrounded by adense collar of persistent fibers from disintegrated leaf bases.Leaves 5 to numerous, usually laxly tufted, linear, 2–20 cm ×2–7(–9) mm. Scape 7–40 cm. Raceme 2–15 cm, not coveredwith viscid secretion, laxly 5–40-flowered. Flowers distinctlypedicellate; pedicel 1–10 mm; bract borne at or near base ofpedicel, narrowly lanceolate, 3–9(–16) mm, shorter than flower(rarely a few bracts at base of raceme slightly longer thanflower), apex obtuse to subacute; bracteole borne on proximal1/2 of pedicel above bract. Perianth yellowish, whitish, or pinkish,4–5 mm; tube broadly funnelform; lobes strongly recurvedor revolute, narrowly oblong or oblong, 2–3 × ca. 1 mm, 1.5–2× tube length, apex obtuse to rounded or truncate. Capsule narrowlyovoid, 4.5–7 × 2.5–3.5 mm, apex of valves abruptly narowed;style 0.5–2 mm; stigma conspicuously thickened, capitate.Fl. Jul–Sep, fr. Sep–Oct.Alpine swamps, alpine grasslands, bamboo thickets, thicket margins,grassy cliffs, rocks; 2500–3900 m. SE Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan,NE India, N Myanmar, Sikkim].The type of Aletris gracilis corresponds with A. stelliflora, not A.laxiflora as given in FRPS, so the name A. gracilis has priority over A.stelliflora, which was described in 1936. Aletris gracilis is easily distinguishedfrom A. laxiflora by its completely glabrous raceme rachisand pedicels.6. Aletris cinerascens F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. PopularisSin. 15: 254. 1978.灰 鞘 粉 条 儿 菜 hui qiao fen tiao er caiPlants glabrous throughout. Rhizome not surrounded by adense collar of fibers but sometimes by persistent, dead leaves.Leaves somewhat numerous, densely tufted, linear-lanceolate,4–13 cm × 3–12.5 mm. Scape 8–35 cm. Raceme 2.5–19 cm,not covered with viscid secretion, laxly 10–23(or more)-flowered.Flowers distinctly pedicellate; pedicel 1–10 mm; bractborne at or near base of pedicel (sheathing, so sometimes appearingapical on very short pedicels), lanceolate, 3–7 mm,shorter than flower, apex obtuse; bracteole borne on proximal1/2 of pedicel above bract. Perianth yellowish, 4–6 × 2–2.5mm; tube very short, broadly funnelform; lobes strongly recurvedor revolute, narrowly lanceolate, 3–4.5 × 1–1.5 mm, ca. 3 ×tube length, apex obtuse. Capsule oblong-ovoid or ± ellipsoid,5–7 × 3–3.5 mm, apex of valves abruptly narrowed; style 1.5–2.5 mm; stigma not or only slightly thickened. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov.Grassy hilltops, dry slopes, forests; 2700–3100 m. Guangxi, WCYunnan (Jingdong Xian).7. Aletris pauciflora (Klotzsch) Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin.7: 1220. 1936.少 花 粉 条 儿 菜 shao hua fen tiao er caiRoots thickened, fleshy. Rhizome stout, sometimes clumpforming,often surrounded by a dense collar of persistent fibersfrom disintegrated leaf bases. Leaves usually rather few (5–10)and laxly tufted, sometimes more numerous and dense, linearlanceolateto linear, 3–25 cm × 1–10 mm. Scape 3.5–40 cm.Raceme 1–20 cm, densely to laxly 4–40-flowered, rachis pubescent.Flowers distinctly pedicellate; pedicel 1–12 mm, pubescent;bract and bracteole borne at or near apex of pedicel;bract lanceolate to narrowly linear-lanceolate, 3–20 mm, 1–4 ×flower length, glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded. Perianth darkred, red, pink, orange, yellow, greenish yellow, or white, 3.5–6mm, glabrous; tube campanulate; lobes usually recurved, sometimeserect, oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm,0.6–1 × tube length, apex obtuse to rounded. Capsule ovoidellipsoidor ovoid-conical, 4–6 × 2.5–4 mm, apex of valvesgradually narrowed; style to 0.5 mm; stigma thickened. Fl.Apr–Aug, fr. Jun–Oct.Mixed,coniferous, and broad-leaved forests,scrub, bamboo scrub,swamps, marshes, bogs, stream banks, wet flushes, damp meadows,grassy alpine slopes, open stony pastures, exposed ridges, river gravels,moraines, rocks; 1500–4900 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India,Kashmir, N Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim].Two varieties may be recognized, although intermediate plantsand mixed collections occur. In FRPS, they were distinguished, in additionto bract length, by having racemes laxly flowered (var. pauciflora)or densely flowered (var. khasiana). However, raceme density seems toindicate the developmental stage of the inflorescence (i.e., denser isyounger) rather than correlate with bract length.1a. Bract obviously longer than flower, to4 × flower length ................................... 7a. var. pauciflora1b. Bract subequaling flower ........................ 7b. var. khasiana7a. Aletris pauciflora var. pauciflora少 花 粉 条 儿 菜 ( 原 变 种 ) shao hua fen tiao er cai (yuan bianzhong)Stachyopogon pauciflorus Klotzsch in Klotzsch & Garcke,Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar, 49. 1862; Aletris mairei H. Léveillé;A. nepalensis J. D. Hooker, nom. illeg. (included S. pau-
ciflorus and S. spicatus Klotzsch); A. nepalensis var. delavayiFranchet; A. pauciflora f. minuscula Handel-Mazzetti.Bract obviously longer than flower, to 4 × flower length.Grassy alpine slopes; 3400–4100 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan[Bhutan, India, Kashmir, N Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim].7b. Aletris pauciflora var. khasiana (J. D. Hooker) F. T. Wang& Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 172. 1978.穗 花 粉 条 儿 菜 sui hua fen tiao er caiAletris khasiana J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 6: 265. 1892;A. lanuginosa Bureau & Franchet; A. lanuginosa var. khasiana(J. D. Hooker) Franchet; Stachyopogon spicatus Klotzsch.Bract subequaling flower.Forests, bamboo scrub, swamps, shady rocks; 1500–4900 m. Sichuan,Xizang, Yunnan [NE India].8. Aletris capitata F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. PopularisSin. 15: 254. 1978.头 花 粉 条 儿 菜 tou hua fen tiao er caiLeaves numerous, densely tufted, linear, 2–15 cm × 1–3mm. Scape 10–35 cm. Raceme capitate or oblong-capitate, 0.5–1.5 cm, densely 7–11-flowered; rachis pubescent. Flowers distinctlypedicellate; pedicel 0.5–3 mm, pubescent; bract andbracteole borne on proximal 1/2 of pedicel, often near base,lanceolate; bract 2.5–5 mm, slightly shorter than flower, glabrous,apex obtuse to subacute. Perianth white, 4–5 mm, glabrous;tube campanulate; lobes spreading or recurved, oblong,2–4 × ca. 1 mm, 1–1.5 × tube length, apex obtuse-rounded.Capsule ovoid, 3.5–4 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex of valves graduallynarrowed; style ca. 1 mm; stigma slightly thickened. Fl. Jun, fr.Aug.Shady rocks, grasslands, forests; 2400–3500 m. C Sichuan(Baoxing Xian, Tianquan Xian).9. Aletris nana S. C. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 503. 1981.矮 粉 条 儿 菜 ai fen tiao er caiAletris alpestris Diels var. occidentalis H. Hara.Leaves numerous, densely tufted, linear, 1–3.5 cm × 1–4mm. Scape somewhat stout, not wiry, straight and erect, 1.5–10cm. Raceme 0.5–3.5 cm, densely or somewhat laxly 3–14-flowered, becoming lax in fruit; rachis pubescent or puberulent.Flowers distinctly pedicellate; pedicel 1–4 mm, pubescent orpuberulent; bract and bracteole borne at or near apex of pedicel;bract lanceolate, 2–6 mm, equaling or exceeding flower, glabrous,apex acute. Perianth white or pinkish white, 3–4 mm,glabrous, not or scarcely papillose; tube broadly funnelform;lobes erect or slightly recurved, triangular-ovate to lanceolate,1–1.5 × 0.7–1 mm, 0.3–0.45 × tube length, apex obtuse. Capsulesubglobose, 2.5–3 mm, apex of valves ± abruptly narrowed;style ca. 0.4 mm; stigma not or only slightly thickened. Fl.May–Jun, fr. Aug–Sep.Wet grassy meadows, swamps, damp rock crevices, in moss,among boulders; 3200–4600 m. S Xizang, NW Yunnan (YulongxueShan) [Nepal].Type material of Aletris alpestris var. occidentalis, described byHara (J. Jap. Bot. 47: 276. 1972) from Nepal and Xizang, correspondswith A. nana.10. Aletris alpestris Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36(Heft 5, No. 82):20. 1905.高 山 粉 条 儿 菜 gao shan fen tiao er caiAletris dielsii F. T. Wang & Tang.Leaves numerous, densely tufted, linear, 1.5–8 cm × 2–4mm. Scape very slender, wiry, often somewhat flexuous, 7–20cm. Raceme 1–4 cm, laxly 4–10-flowered; rachis puberulent.Flowers distinctly pedicellate; pedicel 2–4 mm, puberulent;bract and bracteole borne at or near apex of pedicel; bract lanceolate,1.5–4 mm, shorter than flower, glabrous, apex acute.Perianth white or pinkish white, 3.5–4.5 mm, glabrous but oftendensely papillose; tube cupular or campanulate; lobes recurved,lanceolate, 1.5–2 × 0.5–1 mm, 0.6–1 × tube length, apex ofvalves obtuse to acute. Capsule ovoid-globose, ca. 3 × 2.5 mm,apex abruptly narrowed; style ca. 0.3 mm; stigma not or onlyslightly thickened. Fl. Apr–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.Cliffs, rocks in forests; 800–3900 m. Guizhou, Shaanxi, Sichuan,NE Yunnan (Yiliang Xian).11. Aletris pedicellata F. T. Wang & Tang, Bull. Fan Mem.Inst. Biol., n.s., 1: 109. 1943.长 柄 粉 条 儿 菜 chang bing fen tiao er caiLeaves numerous, densely tufted, linear-lanceolate to linear,2–8 cm × 1.5–5 mm. Scape 7–30 cm. Raceme 2–12 cm,somewhat laxly 8–45-flowered; rachis pubescent. Flowersdistinctly pedicellate; pedicel 1.5–7 mm, pubescent; bract andbracteole borne on proximal 1/2 of pedicel; bract linear-lanceolate,2–7 mm, shorter than flower, pubescent at least proximally,apex acute. Perianth white or pink, 3–6 mm, pubescent;tube cupular; lobes ± erect, oblong-lanceolate, 2–3 × 0.5–0.8mm, ca. 1 × tube length, apex obtuse. Capsule subglobose, 2–3.5 × 2–3 mm, apex of valves abruptly narrowed; style ca. 0.5mm; stigma not or only slightly thickened. Fl. and fr. May–Jun.About 800 m. Sichuan.12. Aletris yaanica G. H. Yang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25: 237.1987.雅 安 粉 条 儿 菜 ya an fen tiao er caiLeaves numerous, densely tufted, linear-lanceolate, rarelylanceolate, 2–3 cm × 2–4 mm. Scape 7–10 cm. Raceme 1–2cm, 7–9-flowered; rachis pubescent. Flowers distinctlypedicellate; pedicel 1–2.5 mm, pubescent; bract andbracteole borne on proximal part of pedicel, often at or nearbase; bract linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, slightly shorter thanflower, base pubescent, apex acute. Perianth creamy white, 1.5–2.5 mm, pubescent; tube campanulate; lobes erect, ovate, ca. 1× 0.7 mm, ca. 1 × tube length, apex obtuse. Ovary subglobose.Capsule unknown. Fl. May.About 800 m. C Sichuan (Ya’an Xian).Aletris yaanica is known only from the type collection. The protologueillustrates a plant at early anthesis which seems very similar to
- Page 3: 34b. Stem very short; leaves basal
- Page 6: simple, erect, usually with a few s
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- Page 14 and 15: ase, persistent. Stamens 6, free or
- Page 16 and 17: Helonias umbellata (Baker) N. Tanak
- Page 18 and 19: 6-11 cm, adaxially sometimes with p
- Page 20 and 21: 小 重 楼 xiao chong louPlants 7-
- Page 22 and 23: 14b. Paris thibetica var. apetala H
- Page 24 and 25: slightly convex connective apically
- Page 26 and 27: when dried, not wrinkled adaxially
- Page 28 and 29: 80b. Flowers much smaller, tepals 2
- Page 30 and 31: 8. Smilax davidiana A. de Candolle
- Page 32 and 33: present. Leaf blade abaxially sligh
- Page 34 and 35: This species was misidentified in F
- Page 36 and 37: slightly shorter than petiole; umbe
- Page 38 and 39: 马 甲 菝 葜 ma jia ba qiaVines
- Page 40 and 41: Vines climbing, usually unarmed. St
- Page 42 and 43: 70. Smilax bauhinioides Kunth, Enum
- Page 44 and 45: 4a. Male umbel 5-9-flowered; filame
- Page 46 and 47: persistent tepals. Seeds many, glob
- Page 48 and 49: Imag. Descr. Fl. Russ. 8. 1844; Gag
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Yunnan.The bulbs are used medicinal
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甘 肃 贝 母 gan su bei muFritil
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ather long, slender; stigma 3-lobed
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2b. Flowers not campanulate, tepals
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etween apical whorl and basal bract
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Lilium nanum Klotzsch var. brevisty
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2.5-3 cm × 5-10 mm. Stem 20-30 cm,
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5.5-6 cm × 8-10 mm, margin revolut
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woolly hairs ......................
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3-5-veined, margin papillose. Flowe
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3a. Inner tepals neither spotted no
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3a. Stems subglabrous.4a. Flowers p
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Tepals obliquely outward spreading,
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12a. Tepals white to cream, spotted
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latipetalum Collett & Hemsley; D. p
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only slightly exserted from periant
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laysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines
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3b. Perianth tube longer, to 4 cm,r
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About 660 species: N hemisphere, ma
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44a. Scape 10-15(-20) cm; perianth
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85b. Perianth segments 3-6 mm; fila
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125b. Inner filaments entire at bas
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Leaf blade without white main veins
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irregularly 2-lobed. Filaments subu
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Scrub, moist places; 4500-5000 m. S
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Forests, slopes, pastures; 1600-330
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(40-)50-80 cm, terete, covered with
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2/3-5/6 as long as perianth segment
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Filaments shorter than perianth seg
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umbel, covered with leaf sheaths on
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shores; 1900-3700 m. Xinjiang [Afgh
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昆 仑 韭 kun lun jiuBulbs cluste
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Bulb solitary or clustered, applana
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北 葱 bei congBulbs usually clust
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112. Allium songpanicum J. M. Xu in
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Style exserted. Fl. and fr. May-Jul
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Forests on shady slopes, sands, san
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stigma small. Fruit a capsule, glob
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90: 27. 1931.紫 萼 zi eBryocles v
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Tepals white, linear, membranous; o
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19a. Male flowers 2-4 mm; branches
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perianth yellowish green, campanula
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Asparagus soongoricus Iljin.Herbs d
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北 天 门 冬 bei tian men dongAs
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fr. Sep-Nov.Forests, bamboo forests
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Tovaria oleracea Baker, J. Linn. So
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nate at base, outer ones broadly ov
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2.5 mm. Style ca. 2 mm; stigma capi
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38b. Peduncle usually 1-1.5 cm; inf
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5-12(-17)-flowered; peduncle 3-5 cm
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Himal. Mts. 1: 380. 1839.对 叶
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mm. Perianth pale yellow, cylindric
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nan [Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].2. Di
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Convallaria keiskei Miquel; C. keis
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margin, free part very short. Ovary
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sometimes greenish, ovate to lanceo
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Liang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang S
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lobes with a white hollow on adaxia
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ar-lanceolate, 30-40 × 3-5 cm, lea
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26. Aspidistra cruciformis Y. Wan &
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Fl. Apr. 2n = 36*.SW Guangxi (Longz
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2.5 mm. Flowers solitary, sometimes
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17b. Plants less than 40 cm tall; t
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asal one 6-8 mm. Flowers solitary;
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2n = 36*, 72*.Dense forests, mossy
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Plants stoloniferous; stolons with
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ulate distally. Tepals purple, or w
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Stem 2-3 cm. Leaves 2 or 3; petiole