Research for Civil Security

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4 INNOvatIONS FOR CIvIl SECuRItysmoke renders orientation difficult, for example, itis essential to know the position of all emergencypersonnel operating on site throughout the courseof the event. This obstacle is virtually impossibleto overcome without technical aids. One possibleapproach is to integrate mobile tracking systemsinto clothing. In this way, the control and commandcentre is automatically and continuously informedof the location of all participants. This makes itpossible to coordinate emergency forces efficiently,as the positional data can also be linked, for example,to other information on the type of equipmentcarried and its technical condition. The resultingflexibility ensures rapid and smooth coordinationof all rescue forces involved, even when operationconditions change suddenly.flexible, so emergency forces can nonetheless movefreely while wearing it. At the same time it shouldbe breathable to prevent excessive temperaturebuild-up inside the suit. This long list of materialrequirements necessitates the development of newhigh performance textiles especially tailored tothe conditions of the operations: textiles that mustprove their functionality and robustness in extensivepractical trials.Integrated sensorsOperations subject fire-fighters to high levels ofphysical stress. For this reason, it would be useful todetermine vital signs such as pulse, respiration rateand blood pressure continuously, so exhaustion or athreat to the health of the emergency forces can berecognized early. Sensors that could detect poisonousgases such as carbon monoxide and warn ofthis hazard in time would be just as important. Inorder to avoid increasing the weight of the equipmentunnecessarily and restricting the freedom ofmovement of the fire-fighter, however, such sensorscan also be integrated into the clothing. Real-timetransmission and evaluation of the vital signs andsensory data to the control and command centrerequires a suitably adapted, high-performancecommunication infrastructure tailored to the needsof the emergency forces and to the demands of theoperations.Semi-permeable protective clothingModern protective clothing is indispensable for allrescue forces: during an operation it must protectthem from extreme hazards – in the case of fire,primarily from heat – as well as other hazardoussituations such as poisonous gases or aerosols.The clothing must also be highly fire-resistant,heat-resistant, tear-resistant and impermeable tohazardous substances. Along with optimal protection,however, the clothing also has to be light and
INNOvatIONS FOR CIvIl SECuRIty5tracking systems for identifying the locationof people trapped or buried under rubbleOne of the most difficult tasks that rescue and reliefpersonnel face is the rescue of people trapped orburied under rubble in the wake of explosions,avalanches or natural catastrophes such as earthquakes.Particularly where the scene of an accidentis spread over a large area and the number of victimsis large, the position of those trapped or buriedmust be determined as rapidly and accurately aspossible, so they can be rescued quickly. Todayspecially trained search dogs are the most commonlyused means of locating trapped or buriedvictims. Especially in the case of larger disasters,however, this approach is too time-intensive. At thesame time it is also hazardous for man and animal,due to rubble falling from damaged buildings, forexample. For this reason, the development of innovativedetection systems to locate trapped or buriedpersons is greatly needed here, but there is also atremendous need for technical aids such as autonomousrobotic systems to support and simplify thesearch and rescue of injured persons.Sources:Research for Civil Security - Programme of the Federal Government;Federal Ministry for Education and Research; Public Relations Division,2007 (http://www.bmbf.de/en/11773.php)Announcement of the Federal Ministry for Education and Research onguidelines governing the funding of the range of topics “Integratedprotection systems for rescue and security personnel” within theframework of the Security Research Programme of the Federal Government(http://www.bmbf.bund.de/foerderungen/10273.php)Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology: Study on market volumesin Germany for products and services related to security technology(http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/root.html)OECD (http://www.oecd.org)Technisches Hilfswerk [Federal Agency for Technical Relief](http://www.thw.de)Deutscher Feuerwehrverband [German Fire-fighters Association](http://www.dfv.org)
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