Prevention for Positives: A Course Module for Healthcare ... - SAfAIDS

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Slide 9. The facts on HIVre-infection (1)NotesBefore going over this slide, askparticipants how a person who is HIVpositivecan be re-infected with HIV. Pointout that re-infection refers to a new orsecondary infection by a virus that hasalready infected a person; this is also called“superinfection.”Slide 10. The facts on HIVre-infection (2)Notes and discussion questionsAsk participants the following questions:• What implications does HIV re-infectionhave for clients who are in sero-concordant relationships? (That meansboth partners are HIV-positive.)• What implications does HIV re-infectionhave for a client who is positive and hasmore than one partner?Make sure to raise the following points, ifnot mentioned:• Sero-concordant couples may not believe they are at risk for HIV re-infection since they are bothalready infected.• Knowledge of the risk of re-infection may motivate HIV-positive persons to use safer sex practices fortheir own protection.Prevention for Positives: A Course Module for Healthcare Professionals | Facilitator’s Guide 7
Slide 11. The facts on HIV andSTDs (1)NotesSTDs are likely increase susceptibility to HIVinfection by two mechanisms:• Genital ulcers (such as syphilis, herpes orchancroid) result in breaks in the genitaltract lining or skin, creating a portal ofentry for HIV.• Non-ulcerative STDs (such as chlamydia,gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis) increasethe concentration of cells in genitalsecretions that can serve as targets forHIV (for example, CD4+ cells).Slide 12. The facts on HIV andSTDs (2)NotesThere is substantial biological evidencethat an HIV-infected person who isalso infected with another STD has anincreased likelihood of transmitting HIVthrough sexual contact, compared to anHIV-infected person who is not co-infectedwith another STD.• When HIV-infected individuals are alsoinfected with other STDs, they aremore likely to have HIV in their genitalsecretions. For example, men who areinfected with both gonorrhea and HIV are more than twice as likely to shed HIV in their genital secretionsthan men who are infected solely with HIV.• The median concentration of HIV in semen is as much as 10 times higher in men who are infected withboth gonorrhea and HIV than in men infected solely with HIV.8Prevention for Positives: A Course Module for Healthcare Professionals | Facilitator’s Guide
Page 1 and 2: Prevention for Positives: A CourseM
Page 3 and 4: © 2007 Family Health International
Page 6: IntroductionThis module encourages
Page 9 and 10: Slide 5. Why is prevention forposit
Page 11: Slide 8. Self-testNotesParticipants
Page 15 and 16: Slide 15. The facts on HIV andcontr
Page 17 and 18: Slide 19. The facts on pregnancyand
Page 19 and 20: Slide 23. Self-test reviewNotes and
Page 21 and 22: Slide 26. Ask open-endedquestionsSl
Page 23 and 24: Slide 30. Incorporate preventionint
Page 26 and 27: Slide 36. At every visit: Assess (4
Page 28 and 29: Slide 40. Plan: Help clients makepr
Page 30 and 31: Slide 44. Activity: Role play (1)No
Page 32 and 33: REFERENCESAltfeld, M, TM Allen, XG
Page 34 and 35: 10. Women—and especially adolesce
Page 36 and 37: Answers to clinical staffself-asses
Page 38: Until recently, HIV prevention effo

Prevention for Positives: A Course Module for Healthcare ... - SAfAIDS

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