Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry - the IEA Bioenergy Task ...

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12 IEA Bioenergy Task 25 Workshop, Joensuu, Finland: LULUCF: The Road to COP6Other Environmental Impacts of Agricultural ManagementPositiveNegativeCrop andresidue yieldincreasethrough fertilizerinputs• Nitrous oxide emissions fromnitrogen fertilizers (Mosier etal., 1995)• Fossil fuel energy inputs toproduce nitrogen fertilizer• Reduced soil uptake ofmethane after nitrogenfertilizer use (Stendler, 1989;Bronson and Mosier, 1993cited in Paustian 1995)• Methane emissions related toorganic fertilizer applicationSoil conservationpractices• water pollutionCover Crops• Nitrogen-fixing cropsespecially reducerequirements for fertilizerNo-till• Some species can reducerequirements for pesticides(Pan, 1999)• Reduce emissions ofparticulates by reducingwind erosion• Reduces soil erosion• Reduces fertilizerconsumption• Reduces fossil fuelemissions from tractors• May reduce nitrous oxideemissions (Li, et al., 1996)• May reduce the rate ofmethane consumption (Coleet al., 1993)• Increased herbicide use• May increase nitrous oxideemissions (Cole et al., 1993)
S.Subak – Addressing COP6 Decisions on Agricultural Soil Carbon 131. Additionality: Can Business-as-Usual tons be identified?A. In excess of 1990 sequestrationB. In excess of 1990-2008 trendC. Best practices applied to any activityD. Best practices defined as certain activities (e.g. cover crops)US additionality test in the CDM (September 2000):“the project activity achieve a level of performance…that is significantly better than average compared withrecently undertaken activities or facilities”Lands under no-till in the USA increased by more than four-fold between 1989 and 1997Carbon Uptake in Agricultural Soils: Recent EstimatesUSA 9 MT (net) 1998 US Inventory (Eve et al., 2000)9 - 24 MT C/yr (net) 2008-2012 Business as Usual: August 1, 2000 submission~ 50 MT C/yr potential Donigian et al., 1994~ 30 MT C/yr recent extr. Buyanovsky and Wagner, 1998Europe --------- 2008-2012 August 1, 2000 submission43 MT C/yr potential Smith et al., 1998FSU 340 MT C/yr potential Kolchugina et al., 1995
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Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry - the IEA Bioenergy Task ...

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