Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry - the IEA Bioenergy Task ...

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14 IEA Bioenergy Task 25 Workshop, Joensuu, Finland: LULUCF: The Road to COP62. Verifiability: Will the uncertainties be manageable?MonitoringA. Site (farm) specific sampling and verification?B. Model-based analysis with some samplingFarms in USATotal CroplandSampling frequency in 1990sRecommended frequency for basic soil tests~ 2 million~100 millionhectares1 in 60 hectares1 in 2-8 hectaresEstimated % of farms survey in the 1990s < 10%% of farmers now taking own samples 1-2%Estimated cost per sample $50-$75Cost for sampling every 10 hectares in 2008, 2012Cost per tonne sequestered assuming 30 MT Caccumulation>$1 billion$33/tonne
S.Subak – Addressing COP6 Decisions on Agricultural Soil Carbon 153. Reversibility: Approaches for addressing reversal of soil sequestrationA. Expiring TonsB. Stock Change - Liability, with insuranceC. Ton-Year AccountingProbably the same considerations exist as for forests: Liability, availability and rates of insurance,uncertainties for future CER prices.4. Indirect Effects: Can human induced effects be separated from natural effects?A. Control plots to sitesB. Adjustments based on model factors, i.e. crop type, regional climatePossible that adjustments for indirect effects exclude agricultural crops because of minor implicationsfor total uptake termRecommendations for Further Research1. Better research on residue yields needed2. Research on the non-carbon impacts of agricultural soil activities3. Continued research on indirect effects (temperature, CO 2 fertilization etc.)Components of an Incentive Program1. Include farms that are not considered “highly erodible”2. Provide incentives for increasing residue, rather than crop yields3. Encourage long-term, rather than short-term, activities4. Provide incentives for establishing and maintaining cover crops5. Continue programs to encourage conservation tillage
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Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry - the IEA Bioenergy Task ...

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