ICMART Lexicon of Medical Acupuncture.pdf - International Council ...

Neurophysiology of AcupunctureThe neurophysiology of acupuncture and the responses elicited by stimulatingacupuncture points will be described. The physiology of needle insertion and electricalstimulation will be covered. Neurological pathways and neurotransmitters in theperipheral and central nervous systems will be outlined. Non-specific acupuncture effectsand an understanding of the placebo effect will be discussed.Modalities of StimulationModalities of stimulation of acupuncture point include needling, electrical stimulation,laser, moxibustion and cupping. These will be taught in terms of their application,indication and mechanisms of action.Safety, Precautions, Side Effects and ContraindicationsThe practice of medical acupuncture has unique medico-legal aspects that need to berecognised and understood. Issues, such as informed consent, note taking andmanagement of adverse events will be taught. An understanding of the precautions in theuse of acupuncture and the range of mild to potentially serious complications that canarise from treating patients with acupuncture will be taught. This will includeconsideration of HIV and hepatitis, transmission and precautions. Contraindications toacupuncture, in particular medically hazardous situations where acupuncture is notappropriate, will be included in this section.Evidence Based AcupunctureThe ability to critically evaluate acupuncture literature to guide clinical practice is anessential requirement for medical acupuncture, as it is for medical practice.Differentiating the anecdotal and empirical application of traditional knowledge fromscientifically based knowledge is a cornerstone of medical acupuncture. The principles ofevidence-based medicine as applied to the clinical practice of medical acupuncture willbe taught.14