ENGINEERING FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT Jelgava, 26.-27.05.2011.is 30º. The bottom result shows the velocity field when both inlets are used, the flow from the downinlet has a direction 30º and the flow from the up inlet has a direction 60º. The angle is measured fromthe right wall, e.g., 0º means the direction down and 180º means the direction UP.0.4 m·s -10 m·s -1Fig. 4. Comparison <strong>of</strong> two velocity pr<strong>of</strong>iles for the same flowrate. The upper corresponds to onlythe upper window open and the direction <strong>of</strong> the input stream 60º. The lower case shows the changewhen both inlets are open and the input stream <strong>of</strong> the down inlet has the direction 30º.It is seen, that there an uncountable amount <strong>of</strong> variants can arise, which can be solved andtherefore it is very important to find some criteria, which can give a brighter idea about comparison <strong>of</strong>them. Fig. 5 illustrates the comparison <strong>of</strong> the velocity and temperatures pr<strong>of</strong>iles for 10 cases withchangeable inlet position and directions <strong>of</strong> the inlet flow. All pr<strong>of</strong>iles are obtained from the same line(level 0.3 m above the floor).Velocity pr<strong>of</strong>iles – Input DOWNVelocity pr<strong>of</strong>iles – Input UPVelocity, m·s -1Velocity, m·s -1Longitudinal distance, mTemperature pr<strong>of</strong>iles – Input DOWNLongitudinal distance, mTemperature pr<strong>of</strong>iles – Input UPTemperature, ºCTemperature, ºCLongitudinal distance, mLongitudinal distance, mFig. 5. Typical results <strong>of</strong> CFD analysis <strong>of</strong> variants. The comparison <strong>of</strong> the velocity and temperaturepr<strong>of</strong>iles at the level <strong>of</strong> measurement. The angle <strong>of</strong> the input stream is the parameter <strong>of</strong> these graphs. 90degrees mean that the input flow is horizontal. Lower angles mean that the intake air goes down;higher values mean that it goes up23
ENGINEERING FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT Jelgava, 26.-27.05.2011.There can be observed some basic properties <strong>of</strong> the system behavior, which has to correspondwith the physical principles. For example, it is clean, that the input stream at the same direction causeshigher velocities at the animal zone when it is coming from the down inlet, than that, which is comingform the upper one. It is clear, that there is a greater rise <strong>of</strong> temperatures at the flow with smallervelocity or with recirculation.This set <strong>of</strong> pictures is a typical kind <strong>of</strong> a result, which can be expected as an output from thestudent projects. It should be also mentioned, that the amount <strong>of</strong> the possible applications <strong>of</strong> CFDsimulations in Biosystems or Agricultural and Biological Engineering is practically inexhaustible.Every process which has a deal with fluid flow and energy transport can be simulated (withappropriate simplifications) and the results can be used for the process improving.A short comparison <strong>of</strong> OpenFoam and Fluent is made in Table 1. It is not easy to compare thedetailed level <strong>of</strong> models and solvers implemented inside each <strong>of</strong> these s<strong>of</strong>tware products. But there canbe one general advice given. If the user is a scientist or student, who has time to prepare his model inevery detail and aspect, and likes to learn about the principles <strong>of</strong> CFD, the OpenFoam is ideal for him.It is free and open.If the user needs to solve complex and large problems with precise pre- and post-processing or ifhe needs to spare his time, the Fluent is only choice. Not free, but a very user friendly arranged systemwith a support from ANSYS brings well done user guides and lot <strong>of</strong> functions, which are accessiblethrough one graphical user interface, with included a large material properties database and interfacesfor using this s<strong>of</strong>tware together with many common CAD systems.Table 1Comparison <strong>of</strong> OpenFoam and FluentFeature Open Foam FluentToolbox which can be used formaking and solving the problem(set <strong>of</strong> libraries)Main characteristicsLicensingPre-processingMesh generationSolversPostprocessingLibrary <strong>of</strong> physicalproperties <strong>of</strong> materialsTime to make anumerical model andsolve the comparableproblemFree download, install and useSimilar to the programmingcodeAs a part <strong>of</strong> the definition codeA number <strong>of</strong> independentsolversParaFoam – the graphicalfrontend which can visualize thecalculated data.nodaysComplex GUI driven s<strong>of</strong>twarewith robust pre- andpost-processingCommercial license, pricing perprocess, lover prices for academicand research institutions.User friendly geometrical CADlike pre-processor Gambit withintegrated mesh generator.Automatic widely configurablemesh generatorSolvers easily configurable fromGUIVery robust and pr<strong>of</strong>essionallyequipped, included directly intothe FluentyeshoursConclusionsThe education process <strong>of</strong> the Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering has a lot <strong>of</strong> aspects, whichcan be supplementary supported by CFD simulations. For students it is very useful to recognise thepossibilities <strong>of</strong> numerical simulation <strong>of</strong> the thermal analysis and fluid flow during the course. Theknowledge <strong>of</strong> the basic principles <strong>of</strong> s<strong>of</strong>tware such as OpenFOAM can be very useful for the diplomathesis <strong>of</strong> the students and also for their pr<strong>of</strong>essional lives.24