Chapter 12 Texas History Full Notes.pdf - Midlothian ISD

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 1Chapter 12 A New NationSECTION 1:The Early RepublicName _____________THE TREATIES OF VELASCOPublic Terms1. The war between Mexico and Texas was officially ended, and Texaswas declared independent.2. Santa Anna would not take up arms against Texas.3. All Mexican forces would withdraw beyond the Rio Grande.4. Prisoners would be exchanged.5. Mexico would return all captured property.6. Texas leaders would promptly return Santa Anna to Mexico.Private Terms1. Provided for Santa Anna’s immediate release2. In exchange, he would try to persuade Mexican leaders to recognizeTexas independence.3. He also agreed to push for Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande asMexico’s border with the U.S.RESPONSE TO THE TREATIES OF VELASCOTexans Respond:1. A small force stopped Santa Anna2. David G. Burnet imprisoned himMexican Response:1. Leaders did not recognize treaties or Texas independence

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 2Results of the Election of 1836President:Sam HoustonVice President:Mirabeau B. LamarCongress:elected senatorsand representativesConstitution:approved the TexasConstitution of 1836Annexation:voted to seek U.S.annexation of TexasSECTION 2Houston’s First TermActionCabinetCourt SystemBoundariesCapitalDescription• secretary of state: Stephen F. Austin• secretary of the treasury: Henry Smith• secretary of war: Thomas J. Rusk• secretary of the navy: Samuel Rhoads Fisher• courts: Supreme Court; four district courts;23 county courts; justice courts• to the south and west—Rio Grande; notrecognized by Mexico• Houston, near Harrisburg on Buffalo Bayou

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 3PRESIDENT HOUSTON’S ATTEMPT TO SOLVE MILITARYPROBLEMS• Removed Huston from command• Put all but 600 troops on leave and never called them back to duty inorder to preserve the new nationPRESIDENT HOUSTON’S ATTEMPT TO SOLVE ECONOMICPROBLEMS1. Tried to raise revenue through taxes and loans2. The value of money fell when the Republic printed more papermoney with no gold or silver to back it up.3. Put public lands up for sale4. Began a government land policy to increase immigration to help theeconomy5. This land policy made it difficult for speculators to make a profitbecause land was so easy to get.HOUSTON WORKS TO PROTECT TEXAS INDIANS• Houston wanted to avoid a war with Texas Indians and sympathizedwith them• Worked for a peaceful solution• Promoted trade with the Indians

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 4SECTION 3Lamar’s PresidencyECONOMYLAND POLICYTEXASActionissuedred backsActionpassedhomestead lawActiondeclared war onAmerican IndiansResultworthless withinthree years, in partbecause of risingnational debtResultprotected Texans’homes and up to50 acres fromseizure for debtsResultremoved Cherokeefrom East Texas,pushed Comanchenorth & west,increased debtLAMAR AND EDUCATION• Set aside land for public school by passing education acts in l839 andl840• Set aside land for public universitiesPROBLEMS OF LAMAR’S ADMINISTRATION• Economic hard times• Rising debt due to increased military spending & depreciatingcurrency• Conflicts with American Indians and settlers

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 5WARS WITH THE INDIANS• Lamar wanted American Indians removed from Texas• In 1839 Lamar ordered the Cherokee to leave Texas and sent troopsto remove them• Battle of Neches took place in July 1839• March 19, 1840, Council House Fight takes place between Comancheand Texans• August 11, 1840, Battle of Plum Creek resulting in 130 deadComancheSECTION 4Houston’s Second AdministrationEconomicPolicyMoney-SupplyPolicyAmericanIndian PolicyACTIONS: ACTIONS: ACTIONS:• cut governmentjobs and salaries• cut size of armyand TexasRangers• hoped to sell navy• new paper moneyto replace redbacks• limited amountissued to try tomaintain value• returned to peacepolicy• more trading posts• worked to signtreaties withAmerican IndiansRESULTS: RESULTS: RESULTS:• spending dropped • falling value of currency• signed treaties with• did not balancebecause of several Texasbudget; rising debt lack of confidence Indian groups• relations improved

Ann Witherspoon FSMS Texas History 6POLICIES OF HOUSTON’S SECOND ADMINISTRATION• Cut government spending in hopes of achieving a balanced budget• Cut government jobs and salaries• Reduced the size of the military and hoped to sell the navy• Issued a new currency and limited its circulationCAUSES OF THE REGULATOR-MODERATOR WAR• Weak law enforcement led to bandits and outlaws moving intoShelby County• Feud between Alfred George and Joseph G. Goodbread over fakeland certificates• Disagreements developed between the Regulators and theModerators• Local officials could not stop the feud