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3: <strong>HPV</strong> AND CERVICAL CANCER: PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVESIntroductionIn order to understand the rationale and advantages of HR <strong>HPV</strong> testingas a tool for cervical cancer screening, the following factors must beconsidered:• The natural history of an <strong>HPV</strong> infection (Figure 1)• <strong>HPV</strong> genotypes:– Around 18 HR genotypes which cause persistent infection thatis strongly associated with the development of invasivecarcinoma have been identified; clinical <strong>HPV</strong> testing detectsthe 13–14 most common HR types• The age of the woman when tested:– In women
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