A multilevel analysis of job satisfaction in Britain - WERS 2004

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(0.223) (0.299) (0.293) (0.191) (0.315) (0.253)* (0.234) (0.311) (0.242)Public & community services 0.282 0.895 -0.141 0.152 -0.002 0.274 0.694 0.533 0.811(0.206) (0.284)** (0.256) (0.203) (0.320) (0.236) (0.180)** (0.271)* (0.246)**Education 0.832 1.793 0.163 0.851 1.197 0.773 1.194 1.765 1.168(0.212)** (0.621)** (0.222) (0.193)** (0.509)* (0.232)** (0.179)** (0.404)** (0.235)**Health 0.371 0.483 0.215 0.539 0.613 0.565 0.653 0.722 0.702(0.211) (0.339) (0.232) (0.197)** (0.336) (0.222)* (0.204)** (0.359)* (0.225)**Mgt views union favourably -0.223 -0.472 -0.042 -0.265 -0.060 -0.389 -0.449 -0.141 -0.609(0.134) (0.200)* (0.161) (0.132)* (0.197) (0.157)* (0.138)** (0.242) (0.158)**Formal policy on equal opp. -0.407 -0.425 -0.405 -0.138 -0.519 0.150 0.125 0.030 0.272(0.142)** (0.191)* (0.199)* (0.136) (0.201)** (0.160) (0.132) (0.188) (0.180)Random effectsEmployee random effect .00035 -9.46e-06 -.000015 -1.86e-06 -6.24e-06 -1.27e-06 5.96e-11 -.000015 -6.44e-11(.00002)** (3.40e-07)** (8.50e-07)** (1.69e-07)** (3.67e-07)** (4.58e-07)** (1.75e-07) (8.23e-07)** (2.01e-07)Workplace random effect .00034 -9.20e-06 -.000014 -1.80e-06 -6.08e-06 -1.23e-06 -4.49e-11 -.000014 9.23e-11(.00002)** (9.17e-07)** (1.01e-06)** (7.25e-07)** (3.53e-07)** (1.07e-06) (1.17e-07) (1.65e-06)** (2.84e-07)Log-likelihood -2.4315 -1.0721 -1.2848 -2.6053 -1.07800 -1.4706 -2.2011 -.9959 -1.1257No. of workplaces 1727 1524 1600 1727 1524 1600 1727 1524 1600No. of employees 20692 9620 1172 20692 9620 11072 20692 9620 11072Standard errors in parentheses* significant at 5%; ** significant at 1%28
ReferencesAbowd JM, Kramarz F and Margolis DN (1999) High wage workers and highwage firms, Econometrica, 67 (2), 251-333.Akrelof, GA, Rose, AK and Yellen JL (1988) Job Switching and job satisfactionin the US labour market, Brooking Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 495-582.Argyle M (1989) The Social Psychology of Work, 2 ndHarmondsworth.edition, Penguin,Belfield C and Harris R (2002) How well do theories of job matching explainvariation in job satisfaction across educational level? Evidence for UK graduates,Applied Economics, 34, 535-0548.Bender, KA, Donohue, SM and Heywood, JS (2005) Job Satisfaction and gendersegregation, Oxford Economic Papers, 57, 479-496.Berger, CJ, Olson CA and Boudreau, JW (1983) Effects of unions on jobsatisfaction: the role of work-related values and perceived rewards,Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 32, 289-324.Blanchflower D., and Oswald A. (1999) Well-being, insecurity and the decline ofAmerican job satisfaction, Mimeo, Dartmouth College, USA.Borjas G, (1979) Job satisfaction, wages and union, Human Resources, XIV, 21-40.Bryson, A. Cappellari, L and Lucifora, C (2004) Does Union Membership ReallyReduce Job satisfaction? British Journal of Industrial Relations.Bryson, A. Cappellari, L and Lucifora, C (2005) Why so unhappy? The Effectsof unionisation on job satisfaction, IZA discussion paper.Bryson, A. Cappellari, L and Lucifora, C (2006) Why so unhappy? The Effectsof unionisation on job satisfaction, Mimeo.Clark AE (1999) Are wages habit-forming? Evidence from micro data, Journalof Economic Behavior and Organization, 39, 179-200.Clark AE (2001) What really matters in a job? Hedonic measurement using quitdata, Labour Economics, 8, 223-242.Clark AE and Oswald AJ (1994) Unhappiness and unemployment, EconomicJournal, 104, 648-659.Clark AE, and Oswald A J (1996) Satisfaction and comparison income, Journalof Public Economics, 61, 359-381.Clark AE, and Oswald AJ (1996) Satisfaction and comparison income, Journalof Public Economics, 61, 359-381.Clark AE, Geogellis Y and Sanfey P (1997) Job satisfaction, wage changes andquits: Evidence from Germany, Research in Labour Economcis, 17, 95-121.Clark AE, Oswald A, and Warr P (1996) Is job satisfaction U-shaped in age?Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69, 57-81.Clark, AE (1997) Job satisfaction and gender: Why are women so happy atwork? Labour Economics, 4, 341-372.29
Page 1 and 2: [Very Preliminary Draft]A multileve
Page 3 and 4: 1. IntroductionEconomists ventured
Page 5 and 6: than men (Clark, 1996, 1997; Clark
Page 7 and 8: ‘overall’ as well as each of th
Page 9 and 10: measure of job satisfaction. 12 By
Page 11 and 12: other hand, having skills that are
Page 13 and 14: 6. ConclusionThis paper has investi
Page 15 and 16: Sales and customer service occ. -0.
Page 17 and 18: (0.269) (0.416) (0.298) (0.288) (0.
Page 19 and 20: Table 1 (cont’d)Sats. with influe
Page 21 and 22: Able to work flexible hrs 0.767 0.8
Page 23 and 24: (0.193) (0.332) (0.250) (0.292) (0.
Page 25 and 26: (0.231)** (0.383) (0.306) (0.196)**
Page 27: 100 women working p-t -0.361 -0.367
Page 31 and 32: Kersley B., Alpin C., Forth J., Bry
Page 33 and 34: AppendixTable A1 Descriptive statis
Page 35: I am the only one doing the job 0.0

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