s a f e r w o r l d · w o r k i n g p a p e r 3Declaration 8 . The Nairobi Declaration <strong>in</strong> turn urges member states to support subregionalco-operation among police, <strong>in</strong>telligence, customs <strong>and</strong> border control officials<strong>in</strong> combat<strong>in</strong>g the illicit circulation <strong>and</strong> traffick<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> SALW <strong>and</strong> suppress<strong>in</strong>g crim<strong>in</strong>alactivities related to the use of <strong>weapons</strong>.Bound by the Nairobi Declaration, the signatories agreed <strong>in</strong> 2001 to the Coord<strong>in</strong>atedAgenda for Action <strong>and</strong> an Implementation Plan. NFPs are m<strong>and</strong>ated to monitor theratification, implementation, execution <strong>and</strong> evaluation of the Nairobi Protocol at thenational level <strong>in</strong> liaison with law enforcement agencies. They are also to ensureadherence to the st<strong>and</strong>ards set out <strong>in</strong> the document <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>form the RECSA Secretariaton a regular basis of progress made. This m<strong>and</strong>ate was reaffirmed dur<strong>in</strong>g the 2ndRECSA M<strong>in</strong>isterial Review Conference of 2004 <strong>and</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>ues to guide action onSALW by NFPs at national level.Under the UNPOA every country has committed itself to establish or designatenational co-ord<strong>in</strong>ation agencies or bodies <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>stitutional <strong>in</strong>frastructure responsiblefor policy guidance, research <strong>and</strong> monitor<strong>in</strong>g of efforts to prevent, combat <strong>and</strong> eradicatethe illicit trade <strong>in</strong> SALW <strong>in</strong> all its aspects. States are also committed to establish ordesignate a po<strong>in</strong>t of contact with<strong>in</strong> sub-regional <strong>and</strong> regional organisations to liaise onmatters relat<strong>in</strong>g to the implementation of the Programme of Action. Article 4(d) of theNairobi Protocol requires member states to establish or enhance <strong>in</strong>ter-agency groups,<strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g police, military, customs, home affairs <strong>and</strong> other relevant bodies, to improvepolicy co-ord<strong>in</strong>ation, <strong>in</strong>formation shar<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> analysis at national level. This provisionis reiterated <strong>in</strong> the Bamako Declaration, which was largely <strong>in</strong>fluenced by the NairobiProtocol.8 Bamako Declaration on an African Common Position on the Illicit Proliferation, Circulation <strong>and</strong> Traffick<strong>in</strong>g of SALW of1 December 2000.
3The Regional Centre onSmall Armst h e r e g i o n a l c e n t r e o n s m a l l a r m s (r e c s a ) started as the NairobiSecretariat on SALW follow<strong>in</strong>g the Nairobi Declaration <strong>in</strong> 2000. Member states 9designated the Government of <strong>Kenya</strong> to co-ord<strong>in</strong>ate follow-up to the Declaration,the result of which was the sett<strong>in</strong>g up of the Nairobi Secretariat <strong>in</strong> 2002, located with<strong>in</strong><strong>Kenya</strong>’s M<strong>in</strong>istry of Foreign Affairs. 10The Nairobi Secretariat was moved from the m<strong>in</strong>istry to an <strong>in</strong>dependent office <strong>in</strong> 2003.In June 2005, member states established RECSA under Article 2 of the AgreementEstablish<strong>in</strong>g the Regional Centre on Small Arms <strong>in</strong> the Great Lakes Region, the Hornof Africa <strong>and</strong> Border<strong>in</strong>g States. 11 On 23 October 2006, RECSA <strong>and</strong> the Governmentof <strong>Kenya</strong> signed a Host Agreement. The new-found <strong>in</strong>dependence of RECSA wassignificant <strong>in</strong> several ways. First, the secretariat achieved autonomy by be<strong>in</strong>g freedfrom the government bureaucracy of any one host country – for <strong>in</strong>stance, the officecould operate its own accounts separate from the national treasury. Second, thesecretariat ga<strong>in</strong>ed a truly regional outlook by ceas<strong>in</strong>g to exist as a unit with<strong>in</strong> a (host)member state’s m<strong>in</strong>istry <strong>and</strong> by adopt<strong>in</strong>g a name reflect<strong>in</strong>g its status: the RegionalCentre on Small Arms. RECSA also now enjoys diplomatic status <strong>and</strong> obta<strong>in</strong>edobserver status at the UN General Assembly <strong>in</strong> December 2007. 12RECSA has three organs, namely: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters, the Technical AdvisoryCommittee <strong>and</strong> the Secretariat. The Secretariat derives its m<strong>and</strong>ate from Article 18of the Nairobi Protocol. It is responsible for develop<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> issu<strong>in</strong>g implementationguidel<strong>in</strong>es <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>structions, monitor<strong>in</strong>g implementation <strong>and</strong> evaluat<strong>in</strong>g the NairobiProtocol <strong>in</strong> liaison with law enforcement agencies. The Secretariat is also responsiblefor co-ord<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g the jo<strong>in</strong>t effort by NFPs <strong>in</strong> member states to prevent, combat <strong>and</strong>eradicate illicit traffick<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> build-up of uncontrolled SALW, ammunition <strong>and</strong>related material <strong>in</strong> the Great Lakes <strong>and</strong> Horn of Africa.Table 1 below shows some areas of co-operation between RECSA <strong>and</strong> key regional<strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational partner organisations.9 Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, <strong>Kenya</strong>, Rw<strong>and</strong>a, Sudan, Tanzania <strong>and</strong> Ug<strong>and</strong>a.10 RECSA, Nairobi Secretariat Information Tool Kit 2002–2004.11 Member states signed this agreement dur<strong>in</strong>g the Third M<strong>in</strong>isterial Review Conference held <strong>in</strong> Nairobi on 20–21 June, 2005.12 RECSA, Annual Review Report, July 2007–June 2008.