Computerized Training of Working Memory in Children with ADHD ...

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diff %1383-2Generalization to non-trained tasksPASATP=0.03trainT1T2Ctrl patNo effect on long term memorydiff no of trials to reach100% correct21,510,50-0,5Word list recallT1T2n.s.n.s.trainControlCtrl patWesterberg et al. (2007)Westerberg et al. (2007)Questions on daily cognitive functioning1. Do you read something and find you haven´t been thinking about it and must read itagain?2. Do you find you forget why you went from one part of the house to the other?..25.5CFQP = 0.002ES = 0.75RCT of training in old and younghealthy adultsYoung= 20-30 years; n=50Old = 60-70 years; n=50Significant between-group improvements in- non-trained WM tasks- WM-related cognitive tasks (PASAT)- daily behaviour (CFQ)59PASATOLD TRAININGOLD COMPYOUNG TRAININGYOUNG COMP45Cognitive failure questionnaire (CFQ)OLD TRAININGOLD COMPYOUNG TRAININGYOUNG COMPdiff raw score0-5-10ControltrainRAWSCORE575553514947RAWSCORE SYM PTOM40353025T1T2451 2 3201 2 3Westerberg et al. in preparationOngoing scientific studies:Gibson et al. Notre Dame• Gibson et al. Notre Dame ADHD• Homes, Gathercole et al. York Univ. UK ADHD, low-WM• Mezzacappa et al. Harvard ADHD in low SES areas• Hardy et al., Duke children post-radiation• Castellanos, Lucas et al. NYMU ADHD• Brubakk et al. Trondheim prematureClinical use:> 2000 children in Sweden‣80 clinics in the US and Canada, through Cogmed Medical systems‣www.cogmed.com> 10 clinics in Europe and Japan (through healthcare systems in Holland)Standardized Change2,521,510,50Klingberg et al. (2005) ControlKlingberg et al. (2005) TreatmentReplication TreatmentDigit Span Span Board RavensGibson et al. (CHADD 2006)10
Gibson et al. Notre DameStandardized Change2,521,510,50ParentInattentiveParentHyperactiveKlingberg et al. (2005) ControlKlingberg et al. (2005) TreatmentReplication TreatmentTeacherInattentiveTeacherHyperactiveGibson et al. (CHADD 2006)Summer camp study (NYMU)Lucas, C, Abikoff, H, Petkova, E, Gan, W, Solomon, S,Bruett,L, Eldridge, B• 46 children with ADHD• 7-12 years• Group 1: VS-WM training (Cogmed)• Group 2: verbal WM trainingSignificant differences for:• VS-WM• Behavioral effects (”points earned”) ES=0.5(no difference for verbal WM tasks)APA (2008)Jaeggi et al. 2007Conclusions• Working memory impairment is a keydeficit in ADHD• Working memory can be directly improvedby specifically targeted training• Reduces symptoms of inattention, andimproves related cognitive abilities• Training effect involves plasticity ofparietal and frontal regionsThanks!Karolinska InstitutePernille OlesenHelena WesterbergHelena LjungbäckHans ForssbergElisabeth FernellPer GustafssonSissela BergmanCOGMEDJonas BeckemanDavid SjölanderMaria AnderssonSusanna BitterProgram and technologyCogmed Systemswww.cogmed.cominfo@cogmed.comtorkel.klingberg@ki.sewww.klingberglab.se11
Page 2 and 3: Anatomy of WMDevelopment of working
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Computerized Training of Working Memory in Children with ADHD ...

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