Spice-Simulation Using LTspice Part 2 - IEC & Associates

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Step 3:Simulate again, open a new „Plot Pane“ and then “Add Trace”. Enter “NF(50)” in the line „Expression(s) toadd“ and press OK. This is the result:The vertical axis is now calibrated in „dB“, but this is not indicated….122
18. <strong>Simulation</strong> of a Sine OscillatorLet us have a look at a Colpitts sine oscillator using a collector-grounded NPN – transistor.This is the schematic:Note:To start the (simulated) oscillation the circuit needs a little „push“.This is done by programming a special property of the supplyvoltage:„Rise linearly from 0V to +12V in a rise time of 10microseconds”.We right click on the symbol of the voltage source, choose„Advanced“ and use the PWL-function with the value pairs:0V at t = 0+12V at t = 1usThe „<strong>Simulation</strong> Settings“ are set to „Time domain (Transient)“ andthe simulation time is 0….20ms. This gives a frequencyresolution of 1/20ms = 50Hz in the spectrum. The maximumtime step is set to 100ns, so SPICE doesn’t overlook the startingprocedure described above. . This now gives a number of 20ms /100ns = 200 000 sample for the FFT computation.And the data compression must be switched OFF by the directive.options plotwinsize=0123
Page 1 and 2: 12. Project 8: Thyristor Circuits12
Page 4: 12.4. Circuit with Gate Transformer
Page 7 and 8: 13.2. Echoes (= Reflections)At high
Page 9 and 10: 100m • sCable−6c) Signal runtim
Page 11 and 12: tdelayl=vcable100m• s= = 0,5μs82
Page 13 and 14: ) Open circuit at cable’s endChan
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Page 21 and 22: S12 is then the „reverse transmis
Page 23 and 24: 14.2. Example: 110MHz - Tchebyshev
Page 25 and 26: Step 3:The result is not so bad, bu
Page 27 and 28: 15. Project 11: Double Balanced Mix
Page 29 and 30: 15.3. The necessary TransformersThe
Page 31 and 32: The polarity changing of the RF sig
Page 33 and 34: 16.2. Simple start: the Inverter (=
Page 35 and 36: 16.4. D FlipflopThis is the well kn
Page 37 and 38: 17. Project 13: Noise Simulation17.
Page 39 and 40: 17.1.2. Other Sources of NoiseEach
Page 41 and 42: At the output we addthe label „ou
Page 43 and 44: 17.3. Simulation of the Noise Figur
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Page 49 and 50: The duration of theperiod is 28ms a
Page 51 and 52: And the FFT spectrum proves this.12
Page 53 and 54: Please remember:Every -- even the s
Page 55 and 56: 19.2. Simulation of a Single Pulse
Page 57 and 58: 19.3. Simulation of a Periodic Puls
Page 59 and 60: 19.5. The „Asymmetric Clipped“
Page 61 and 62: 20. The Secret of the Impulse Respo
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Page 65 and 66: At higher frequencies the influence
Page 67 and 68: Solution for a): Simulated S21 from
Page 69 and 70: Solution for d): FFTA simulation ti
Page 71 and 72: 20.2.2. Simulation of S11 (= input
Page 73 and 74: 21. Modulation21.1. Principle of Am
Page 75 and 76: 21.2 Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)Th
Page 77 and 78: Now let us regard the simulated FFT
Page 79: The linear frequencyspectrum simula

Spice-Simulation Using LTspice Part 2 - IEC & Associates

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