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| | Interim Group Management Report19Bus and rail services in other European countries (DB Arriva)DB Arriva has also participated in tender processes throughoutEurope in the period under review.In bus transport, DB Arriva achieved success in eight majortendering processes with a total volume of around 7 million buskm in Great Britain, four major tendering processes in Denmarkwith a total volume of approximately 23 million bus km andthree major tendering processes in the Netherlands with atotal volume of approximately 5 million bus km. Most of thebus services which were secured had previously been operatedby DB Arriva.In the field of rail services, DB Arriva was also successful ina major tendering processes for a contract between Arnhem andWinterswijk in the Netherlands. The contract is due to run fora pe riod of 13 years, with an annual volume of around 4 milliontrain km.DB BAHN LONG-DISTANCE BUSINESS UNITSelected key figures [ € million ] H 1 Change2011 2010 absolute %Passengers rail (million) 60.0 60.2 – 0.2 – 0.3Volume sold rail (million pkm) 16,888 17,289 – 401 –2.3Load factor (%) 45.0 46.9 – –Total revenues 1,825 1,828 –3 – 0.2External revenues 1,760 1,765 –5 – 0.3EBITDA adjusted 227 261 –34 – 13.0EBIT adjusted 46 80 –34 – 42.5Gross capital expenditures 40 13 +27 –Employees (FTE as of Jun 30) 16,140 15,312 + 828 + 5.4Performance developmentThe development in the DB Bahn Long-Distance business unitin the period under review was characterized by the nonrecurrenceof positive one-off effects from the first half of 2010,for which it was not possible to achieve a full compensation,as well as problems attributable to negative one-off effects inthe first half of 2011. The positive one-off effects from the firsthalf of 2010 which were not repeated included in particular thesevere winter weather and the problems posed in aviation asa result of the ash clouds and a pilot strike. In the first half of2011, there were also negative one-off effects attributable toA construction measures on the east-west corridor [1], whichresulted in considerable restrictions, as well as uncertaintyrelating to threatened and realized A train driver strikes ofthe GDL trade union [2].The number of passengers, the volume sold and the loadfactor accordingly declined slightly in the period under review.BUSINESS DEVELOPMENTDespite an opposite increase in specific revenues, the negativeeffects resulting from the development in performance werereflected in a slight downturn in overall revenues and also inexternal revenues. This was opposed by an increase in the otheroperating income resulting from insurance payments in connectionwith a damaged ICE train (an accident near Lambrecht).On the expense side there were cost increases particularly interms of maintenance, energy and personnel (resulting from ahigher number of employees and wage increases), and therewas also an increase in other operating expenses (costs ofleased trains).In consequence, the lower revenues and higher costsresulted in an adjusted EBITDA which declined by € 34 millionto € 227 million and an adjusted EBIT which declined by € 34million to € 46 million.Gross capital expenditures were considerably higher thanthe respective previous year figure. The increase was due tothe start of implementing the redesign measures for the ICE 2fleet, procuring ultrasound inspection installations and theconstruction of additional de-icing installations.The number of employees has increased considerablycompared with June 30, 2010. The increased personnel requirementhas resulted among other factors from internal reclassificationsof employees as well as higher recruitment in the fieldof maintenance.| | [1] A Page 27 | | [2] A Page 35