Electric vehicle market penetration in Switzerland by 2020 - Alpiq

More documents

Recommendations

Info

4.3 The importance of considering the global energy chainIn order to evaluate and compare the environmental impactof a vehicle concept, energy consumption and emissionintensity must be considered from the source of the primaryenergy carrier (well) to the end user (wheel of the vehicle).The Well-to-Wheel (WtW) evaluation is the sum of theWell-to-Tank (energy expended and the associated greenhousegas (GHG) emitted in the steps required to deliverthe finished fuel into the onboard tank of the vehicle) andthe Tank-to-Wheel (energy expended and the associatedGHG emitted by the vehicle/fuel combination) values(chart 8).When considering the entire energy chain (Well-to-Wheel),the overall energy efficiency depends on the electricity generationmode, i.e. the type of generation plant and sourceof primary energy used for electricity generation.To simplify the comparison, assume that electricity is producedin a modern power plant (CCGT) with oil as the primaryenergy. In this particular example, a standard internalcombustion engine (ICE) and a battery electric vehicle (BEV)engine will operate from the same primary energy, that isoil. A comparison of the two energy chains shows that theWtW overall electric energy chain is around twice as efficientas the traditional gasoline chain using a combustionengine. This results from the fact that an electric powertrain is about four times more efficient than a combustionengine. This results from the fact that an electric powertrain is about four times more efficient than a combustionengine (Tank-to-Wheel, charts 9 a – b).Chart 8: Global energy chain Well-to-WheelWtW – Well-to-WheelPrimary energy Processing Fuel Car+ + +WtT – Well-to-TankTtW – Tank-to-Wheel14
Chart 9 aEnergy lossENERGY %–refineryCO₂ emissions–– electricity gridelectricitygeneration–battery–electric motor–powertrain mechanical lossesUSEFUL ENERGYELECTRIC VEHICLE–refinery–diesel engineEnergy lossENERGY %CO₂ emissions–powertrain mechanical lossesUSEFUL ENERGY–Source: ProtoscarDIESEL VEHICLEChart 9 b: Efficiency comparisonPercentage90807080 %60504040 %30201020 %15 %ICE A categorydieselBEV withCCGTTank-to-WheelWell-to-WheelSource: Protoscar15
Page 1: Electric vehicle market penetration
Page 4 and 5: Atel & EOS join forces to create Al
Page 6 and 7: 2. Switzerland’s energy challenge
Page 8 and 9: 3. Alpiq’s energy strategy3.1 Nee
Page 12 and 13: 4. Alpiq supports electric vehicles
Page 16 and 17: Chart 10: CO2 emissions for private
Page 18: Chart 13: CO2 emissions of private
Page 23 and 24: Chart 15 a: New cars according to V
Page 25 and 26: 6. Meeting Vision 20206.1 Establish
Page 27 and 28: To create favorable framework condi
Page 29 and 30: Legislation andpolicyTechnicalBusin
Page 32: © Alpiq 2010www.alpiq.ch

Electric vehicle market penetration in Switzerland by 2020 - Alpiq

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?