Srushti for net.pmd - Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College

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FEATURE STORYSRUSHTI JANUARY - MARCH, 2010RESEARCH AREAS IN COMPUTER SCIENCEResearch in Computer Science involvesfundamental research in systems and theoreticalareas, and development of experimental andpractical systems for demonstration, testing,and for application within products and processes.--Dr. Divya NallaSome of the research areas in computer science includeAlgorithms, High performance Computing, GridComputing, Human Computer Interaction, Networks,Graphics, Multimedia, Security, Databases, Data mining,Image Processing, Operating systems, WirelessCommunications, Grid and Cloud Computing etc. Thisarticle throws light on a few of these areas.AlgorithmAlgorithms and Complexity theory is a theoretical area incomputer science that involves designing new algorithms,and studying existing algorithms for complexity andimproving them to make them more efficient. An examplecan be “Modeling the Human Brain using RandomGraphs”.Study of algorithms forms the basis of computer science research. Designing new algorithms is required for anyfield of study bur their analysis is vital. This part needs systematic procedure to be defined. These proceduresare defined by researchers who work on algorithm analysis. Complexity theory is also one of the most importantaspects in computer science research. Performance of a system can be predicted by studying its completelyHuman Computer InteractionHCI combines the fields of psychology, cognitive science, and social sciencesin order to understand how people use and experience interactive technology.Research methods in various fields of computer science have been adaptedfor development challenges in HCI. Owing to the importance of this area,JNTU has included HCI as a course in the B.Tech curriculum.Apart from having a keyboard and mouse as input devices, human voice andsight may also be used as inputs to a computer system. Studies under HCIsuggest such usages. Eye gaze is one of the most recent forms of input, trackingof which is being worked on under a project in Stanford University.Wireless CommunicationThis is one area where continuous efforts are being made in technology evolution, business innovation, anddeveloping new applications. Mobile communication technologies form a part of this.One of the major problems in wireless communication is the increasing shortage in usable frequency spectrum.This issue is being addressed by a research team at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and National10
SRUSHTI Volume - 1, Issue -1Instruments (NI) by developing new wireless communication technologies. IBM teamed up with India’s NationalInstitute of Design and the University of Tokyo’s Research center for Advanced Science and Technology, todevelop a technology to improve internet accessibility in mobile phones. This work aims at increasing thenumber of people who can access internet through a mobile phone and hence providing affordable services toa large population.Wireless communications research involves electrical engineers, communication engineers, and also researchersin physics. For the past 20 years, electrical engineers have been working on the frequency bands in wirelesstechnologies. In a recent breakthrough, Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications researchers haveexperimented with using light from LEDs to transmit data wirelessly.In view of the huge potential in business as research arena, many courses have been introduced in wirelesscommunication for undergraduate and graduate students. The University of Notre Dame’s College of Engineeringrecently announced the opening of a wireless institute which would be an international center for research andeducation in wireless technologies. Also, to prove that one possesses fundamental technical competence andexpertise in this area, IEEE offers an IEEE Wireless Communication Engineering Technologies Certification (WCET).SecurityUsage of computers and internet in today’s world in communication, business, recreation, government, andalmost all aspects of life is increasing by the day and hence the need for safeguarding sensitive data. Sometimesloss of some sensitive data may lead to disasters. Since most of the applications on the internet require user’sdata, which is transmitted in a public network, there is a strong requirement for devising methods to send itsecurely. Security is not only required when the data is being transmitted, but even when it is being stored in arepository. These issues are addressed by providing network security and database security respectively.Authentication, access control, Integrity, and Non-repudiation are the basic expectations from any securitysystem. Major technologies or mechanisms that can be used to address security issues are Cryptography,Authentication protocols and Access Control Mechanisms.11
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Srushti for net.pmd - Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College

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