Core Avionics Master Plan - NAVAIR - U.S. Navy

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Core Avionics Master Plan 2011 Appendix A-53. Funded Enhancements and Potential Pursuits.Common Family of Recording Systems with Increased Memory, VideoPlayback, Data Encryption and Improved Mishap Analysis Tools (ADDS). (2015)Fleet requirements groups have identified capability gaps with mission recorders,including poor reliability, limited capacity, time-consuming and proprietary down-loadand analysis, and obsolescence issues with their legacy systems components orrecording media. The amount of mission data desired to be captured already exceedsmost legacy system capacities and will continue to increase in the digital warfareenvironment. Some systems use antiquated download and analysis tools that cannotmeet the short turnaround times necessary in today‟s operations to support effectivefollow-on mission planning. Super V-8 or VHS recording media are obsolete. In mostcases, separate systems are used to record structural data and critical componenthealth status to provide the capability to maximize the airframe service life and reduceunnecessary maintenance. Legacy systems are not capable of handling multiple levelsof information security classifications.Digital media improvements are driven by commercial applications, which reduce theneed for dedicated military upgrade investments. The Airborne Digital Data Set (ADDS)program will deliver a family of multi-functional recording systems that can supportrequired parameters with open architecture designs that enable continued growth insystem capacity and capability. This centrally managed family of solutions should beconstantly resourced as new production platform requirements are addressed, whichprovides continued enhancements to previously fielded systems. The modern systemwill incorporate standardized aircraft flight parameter and mishap data analysis tools.Digital storage and transfer media will greatly enhance simplicity and speed ofinformation transfer, which will improve mission readiness and follow-on missioneffectiveness. Increased system memory capacity will increase the depth of materialavailable for mishap investigation, follow-on planning, and component maintenancecondition analysis. Modern solid state devices will bring significant improvements insystem reliability. CNS/ATM digital architectures and glass cockpit integrations willreduce new system integration challenges and costs. Modern processors have beendesigned to partition and manage Multi-Level Security (MLS). Establishment of commondownload media, format and analysis tools will enable faster mishap analysis response,thereby possibly averting further losses or enabler faster return to flight operations.C. Airborne Collision Avoidance. Aircraft midair collision avoidance is a functionof situational awareness (SA) of adjacent traffic and tracking relative movement. SAcan be provided by communications with ground controllers using radar or cooperativesurveillance tools, or by integrated on-board equipment. The focus of this section is onaircraft mounted systems, or Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems (ACAS).1. Current capabilities.ACAS standards and recommended practices are defined by International CivilAviation Organization (ICAO) standards, annex 10, volume IV. ACAS II is the currentstandard in civil aviation. Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System version 7.0 or 7.1(TCAS II) is the Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) ACAS II solution. COTS solutionscannot provide adequate collision avoidance protection for tactical military aircraft dueto their extreme velocities, high closure rates during rendezvous and close proximityA-5 Flight Safety 6
Core Avionics Master Plan 2011 Appendix A-5during formation flight. PMA209 conducted a Midair Collision Avoidance System(MCAS) study in 2009 to explore options for protection of tactical military aircraft. Thestudy characterized USN and USMC Mid-Air and Near Mid-Air Collisions (MAC, NMAC)and identified available and predicted systems that may be used to prevent them.Analysis of 45 MACs and 152 NMACs revealed that 83% of the MACS could have beenprevented with such protection.2. Funded Enhancements and Potential Pursuits. The MCAS study evaluatedseveral COTS and evolving potential ACAS solutions to determine the best strategy tocover this capability gap. It recommended continued use of TCAS II systems forcommercial derivative fixed-wing transports, and exploration of algorithms using lowlatencydata-linked position information for a tactical aircraft solution.Enhanced Collision Avoidance (TACAN Air-Air). (2016) Spanish F/A-18 usershave integrated a collision avoidance tool that uses TACAN Air to Air mode to provideproximity warnings between cooperating aircraft. Each user operates on previouslycoordinated TACAN frequencies to enable the warnings. This capability only provideswarnings of potential collisions with intra formation equipped aircraft. US F/A-18 aircraftcould leverage this system as a lower fidelity near-term interim solution until higherfidelity solutions are available.Tactical Aircraft Midair Collision Avoidance (ACAS). (2018) Platforms will berequired to have Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast „Out‟ (ADS-B „Out‟)capability to meet CNS/ATM civil airway access compliance mandates by 2020. UsingADS-B „Out,‟ aircraft constantly “squitter” (pulse) their location, identification and flightparameters to Air Traffic Control (ATC). ATC uses a receiver (ADS-B „In‟) to receive thesignals and provide safe separation. In conjunction with the ADDS developmentprogram, PMA209 has been funded to develop collision avoidance algorithms. Thisenables properly configured aircraft to build a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information(CDTI) for situational awareness of traffic in the vicinity even when operatingindependently or in areas of reduced ATC support. Where ATC is available, this systemwill enable them to provide data to the aircraft that can be used to prevent collisions withnon-Mode S light civil aircraft. Production MV-22s are slated to be the first aircraftequipped with this capability. Additional information on ADS-B „Out‟ and „In‟ is providedin Annex 4.D. Flying Quality Assurance. This capability element imports and processesflight data that is recorded on each flight by existing data recording systems for theoverall goal of improving operations readiness while identifying, quantifying, trending,and monitoring activities which could result in a mishap.1. Current capabilities.Unless training in a simulator or on a training range supported with telemetry,aircrew do not have any automated tools to conduct post-flight analysis of the mission toanalyze quality of the crew‟s mission performance or to identify opportunities forproficiency improvement. Operators currently use Operational Risk Management (ORM)tools to identify and analyze safety hazards, implement risk mitigation steps and monitortheir effectiveness.A-5 Flight Safety 7
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Core Avionics Master Plan - NAVAIR - U.S. Navy

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