Building the Sellafield Plan - Sellafield Ltd

Sellafield Planwww.nda.gov.uk | www.sellafieldsites.com | www.nuclearmanagementpartners.com

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 1Sellafield PlanContentsOverviewForeword by NDA and NMPBuilding the Sellafield PlanMap of supporting documentsHow to use the Sellafield PlanSellafield site activitiesKey plants and projectsSellafield Plan Summary Costs2011/12-2025/26GlossaryRisk & Hazard ReductionRisk & Hazard Reduction IntroductionFloc Storage TanksFirst Generation Reprocessing PlantsPile Fuel Storage PondFirst Generation Magnox Storage PondMagnox Swarf Storage SilosPile Fuel Cladding SiloHAL WorkstreamPCM Treatment and StorageWindscaleSpent Fuel ManagementMagnox ReprocessingOngoing Receipt of AGR FuelThorp ReprocessingWet Inlet Facility (WIF)DecommissioningSellafield Site DecommissioningNuclear MaterialsOverseas Pu ReturnSafe Storage of PuWaste ManagementEffluent ManagementILW Treatment and StorageLLW and Sub LLW TreatmentInfrastructureInfrastructureFunctionsFunctionsEnd StatesLand and Groundwater RemediationSocio-economicSocio-economicAppendix

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011OverviewIntroduction to theSellafield PlanThe Sellafield Plan is an underpinned anddeliverable plan for the Sellafield nuclearsite. This section explains the backgroundto the document and how to use it.

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3Overview: ForewordWe have applied world leading expertise, to produce the firstcredible and underpinned lifetime plan for the Sellafield site.Nuclear Management Partners and its Parent Companies arenow fully committed to applying our full corporate strengthto delivering the plan and accelerating the clean-up of thehigh hazard facilities.Tom Zarges, Nuclear Management PartnersWhen Nuclear Management Partners (NMP)arrived at Sellafield in 2008 our immediatetask was to evaluate and absorb the fullextent of Sellafield’s issues, operationalconcerns and condition of the site’sinfrastructure. With this understanding asa solid foundation we now have a credibleplan for accelerated delivery at Sellafield. Weare absolutely committed to achieving – infact improving upon – this plan. No doubtthe plan will be dynamic and require activeresponse and leadership from us all as it isundertaken. But the pace and objectives areclear – and the commitment to it unwavering.Sellafield’s greatest resource is its people.The men and women who operate theSellafield site are, collectively, the greatestconcentration of nuclear expertise in Europe.I am pleased that this year has seen uscontinue to supplement and complementthe Sellafield Ltd team with experts fromthe parent organisations – URS, AMEC andAREVA. There are currently over 80 keypersonnel from these global organisationswho are on the ground, working with theircolleagues from Sellafield Ltd.The dedication and initiative of thiscollaborative team are fundamental tostepping up our performance.By working much moreefficiently and effectively thanhas historically been the normat Sellafield, we will achievetrue value for money for ourcustomer, the NDA; deliveringaccelerated clean-up andgreatly improved operationalperformance.Delivery of this plan also requires significantfunding from NDA and Government; we donot underestimate the expectations and levelof responsibility this puts upon us to deliver.We are very aware of the importance of oursuccess to the local community of WestCumbria. It is vitally important for the future ofSellafield, the local West Cumbria economyand the future of the UK nuclear industrythat Sellafield is operated safely, moreproductively and more efficiently than before.To achieve this, we will have to changethe way we go about our business. Thedriving force behind cultural change anddelivering efficiencies is the IntegratedChange Programme, which is a wide rangingprogramme of carefully conceived andexpected change initiatives. This is beingmanaged comprehensively with clearlyidentified scope, milestones and benefittargets. It is by driving through the IntegratedChange Programme that we will deliver thisPerformance Plan.Our overriding business priorities remain; thesafety of our workforce, the public and theenvironment; and our relentless pursuit ofexcellence in these areas.We believe that the best years are to come.We are working in partnership with the siteowners, the Nuclear DecommissioningAuthority, to make Sellafield and its workforcethe obvious choice for potential new missions.This is a team that can rise to the challenge.URS manages more US governmentnuclear clean-up projects and sites thanany other companyAMEC is the leading UK nuclear engineeringand project management companyAREVA operates the French fuel cycleprogramme – the industry’s model

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5Overview: IntroductionWhat Nuclear Management Partners brings to Sellafield is a globalnetwork of nuclear experts who can, and have, complemented thehighly skilled and experienced Sellafield Ltd workforce. Togetherwe are challenging the norm, exploring new solutions andapproaches to work and safely accelerating the rate at which wedeliver for our customer. As a result of this, we have delivered thefirst underpinned plan for the Sellafield site and we will continueto deliver on the commitments it contains.Dr Todd Wright, Managing Director, Sellafield LtdThe Contract BaselineLike all Site Licence Companies, SellafieldLtd is required to set out Lifetime Plansfor the sites under its control so whilst aninherited plan was in place when NMP tookownership of Sellafield Ltd in November 2008it was collectively agreed that the plan wasnot realistic and could not be delivered.It had been built upon a significant numberof key assumptions such as the availabilityof downstream plants for decommissioning,the rates at which waste can be retrievedand treated and estimates for the duration ofconstruction of new plants at Sellafield.Consideration was given to simply updatingthis plan but it was agreed the best approachwas to completely rebuild that plan, based onhistoric delivery levels and updated priorities.This is known as the Contract Baseline, as itgives us a solid base against which we canjudge how much improvement is being madeacross the site.The Contract Baseline was subjected tothorough assurance reviews by both NDAand NMP.The Performance PlanNMP were then tasked with building a newplan that would capture what they believedcould be delivered across the site by applyingtheir expertise, innovation and leadershipwhilst retaining the key safety and economicfactors referred to earlier.Indeed it is against this Performance Plan,accepted by the NDA in April this year,that performance across the site can betruly judged, and it is the milestones andobjectives of that plan that are highlighted inthis document.The Performance Plan reflects the currentand expected availability of resources andpolicy priorities, and takes account of theimprovements NMP can bring. It has aparticular focus to 2025/26, the maximumduration, following potential extensions, ofthe current contract between the NDA andNMP as the Parent Body Organisation forSellafield Ltd.Reviewing performanceAt regular intervals throughout the financialyear, the NDA will review Sellafield Ltd’sperformance against this plan. Indeed theNDA will only pay Sellafield Ltd fee if it meetsthe targets in the performance plan, not thecontract baseline. So, in order to earn fee,Sellafield Ltd needs to consistently improvethe way it operates, under the strategicguidance of NMP.Those performance targets are also capturedin this document so we can report againstthem both at the end of each financialyear but also in-year so stakeholders canassess progress across the site. It must beremembered of course, that this plan canonly reflect what we know now. It will by itsvery nature be subject to change in responseto different circumstances that may ariseresulting from Government policy, resourceavailability or other significant factors.NMP and Sellafield Ltd don’t just hope tosuccessfully deliver the new PerformancePlan, we will also challenge performance sowe will be able in some areas to beat it andfurther accelerate progress and deliver furthervalue for money. You can be reassured thatwe will keep you informed of progress.Early reviews brought subject matterexperts from Sellafield Ltd and URS, AMECand Areva togetherThe Integrated Change Programme launchedin 2009 to coordinate the implementation ofimprovements across Sellafield LtdKey:Laurem ipsomerVienam fuller estronaSafety underpins all of the work that we doNamque institue einsTemporid aurteme

6 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Roles and ResponsibilitiesNDA Core ProcessesKey Factors in Building theSellafield PlanThe key task for NMP in establishing theContract Baseline was to quickly understandthe existing performance of the Sellafield site.Sellafield is the most complex nuclear site inEurope. NMP has taken the time to properlyunderstand the operations and issues on thesite in order to build a deliverable plan.A programme of intensive reviews – calledPartner, Assess, Innovate and Sustain(PAIS) – was carried out within the first12 months of the NMP contract. The PAISreviews partnered subject matter experts fromSellafield Ltd with those from the Parent BodyOrganisations. Together, they assessed theprocesses and procedures across SellafieldLtd against industry best practice. They thenbrought innovations in order to close anyidentified gaps.Sellafield’s proven performanceNMP and Sellafield Ltd also undertook anintensive review into what the Sellafield sitecould achieve, based on historic performance,if everything stayed the same and noimprovements were made. A number ofareas were looked at including the normalproduction rates of our operational facilitiesand how long it traditionally takes to constructa new building at Sellafield. This provided asound baseline performance that was realistic,not aspirational.Integrated Change ProgrammeTo make sure that any changes made atSellafield are made in a coordinated way, theIntegrated Change Programme was launched.This centralised programme monitors thechanges that need to be made and howthey are implemented across the site. Theimprovements that are being delivered throughthe Integrated Change Programme provideconfidence that the accelerated delivery datesin the Performance Plan are underpinned andthe required efficiencies are being delivered.The Integrated Change Programme provides agreat opportunity to deliver a site that reflectsthe best practices from across the worldand one which its workforce and the widerCumbrian community can be justly proud of.Underpinned by performanceNMP is fully committed to applying its fullcorporate strength to delivering the planand accelerating the clean-up of the highNuclear DecommissioningAuthorityOwns the sites and competescontract – strategic directionhazard facilities as our priority. By workingmuch more efficiently and effectively thanhas historically been the norm at Sellafield,we are bringing true value for money to theUK Government and taxpayer, deliveringaccelerated clean-up and greatly improvedoperational performance.Working together, we are planning significantschedule acceleration in most areas, butespecially focused on Legacy Ponds andSilos, where we are already moving legacyfuel skips for the first time in decades andretrieving active liquors and sludges.We will achieve sustained higher throughputsin production facilities, we will maintaininvestment in asset care for ageing facilitiesand infrastructure and we are targeting£1.2bn of cost-efficiencies against thecontract baseline over the first five years ofour contract.Parent Body Organisation:Nuclear Management Partners Ltdwhich is a consortium comprising…Sellafield Ltd (SLC)Holds SLC shares and provides reachback &management expertise and appropriate governanceHolds and is responsible forsite licences – Sellafield andCapenhurst – tactical deliveryRegulatory bodies inc the Office for Nuclear Regulation,Health and Safety Executive, Environment AgencyRelationship diagram

Issue 1 August 2011 Sellafield Plan 7Working together NDA, NMP andSellafield Ltd are making Sellafieldcleaner, safer, more productive anda better neighbour

8 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Supporting documentsMap of supportingdocumentsThe Sellafield Plan sets out in detail the work that will be completed overthe coming years, when it will be completed and how much that work willcost. Although comprehensive in its own right, it is only part of a wholesuite of documents which are produced by the Nuclear DecommissioningAuthority (NDA) and Sellafield Ltd to set out what currently happens andwhat will happen at Sellafield.Supporting documentsThe table on the right sets out how theSellafield Plan fits into a wider range ofdocuments. This ensures that there is a directlink from the Strategy set by the NDA throughtheir annual Business Plan and into theSellafield Plan.Members of the publicare invited to take part inconsultations on the NDAStrategy and the Business Planas well as a range of subjectspecific consultations to do withoperations on the Sellafield site.Relationship diagramNDA StrategyIndividual TopicStrategiesExternal Influences(eg. Radwaste Inventory,Discharges Strategy,OSPAR, new buildSellafield PlanClient SpecificationNDA Internal BusinessPlanning ProcessesBusiness PlanThe Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’sStrategy document is made available forcomment prior to publicationThe Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’sBusiness Plan is also made available forconsultation and sets out priorities

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 9Overview: Supporting documentsSellafield Ltd undertakes a formal consultation process on specificissues as they arise and members of the public and interestedparties are encouraged to take part. Consultations have alreadybeen completed on a number of key Sellafield areas: Document descriptionsThe Sellafield Plan is just one of a series ofdocuments which are in place as part of thecontractual relationship between the NDA,Sellafield Ltd and NMP.This page sets out the other primarydocuments which are produced by theNDA, some of which are open to publicconsultation prior to publication. Throughoutthe Sellafield Plan we have indicated whereour individual programme plans deliveragainst the objectives outlined in the NDA’sBusiness Plan.NDA StrategyThe Energy Act 2004 requires the NDA toreview and publish its Strategy at least everyfive years. It undergoes a formal consultationprocess and sets the strategic direction for theNDA for the duration of its mission.NDA Business PlanThe Business Plan supplements the NDAStrategy which sets out near term objectivesand plans for delivering our priorities over thefollowing three year period.Individual Topic StrategiesThe underpinning detail behind the NDAStrategy is shown in the individual topicstrategy documents. These documents givethe technical information on the developmentand implementation of the individualstrategies.NDA Internal Business PlanningprocessesInternally, the NDA has processes for theconsideration of the short, medium and longterm plans for its sites. The information fromthese plans supports the development of theannual Business Plan, and the revision of theStrategy document (when required).Client SpecificationsThe NDA issues the SLCs with a specificationthat describes the strategic requirements ofthe contract, and has introduced the conceptof strategic tolerance reporting as a way tomonitor the health of strategies.Sellafield PlanThe Sellafield Plan is produced by SellafieldLtd to meet a contractual requirement of theNDA, and is revised annually. It gives detailsof the planned activities and costs of the workrequired to fully decommission the site to anagreed end-state.www.sellafieldsites.com | www.nda.gov.uk | www.nuclearmanagementpartners.com

10 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Document guideHow to use theSellafield PlanThe Sellafield Plan sets out the work that will be completed at Sellafieldover the coming years. The information is set out firstly in sections– such as ‘risk and hazard reduction’ and ‘spent fuel management’.Within these sections are individual work programmes – such as‘Pile Fuel Storage Pond’ and ‘First Generation Magnox Storage Pond’.The following pages will help you to find the information that you arelooking for at individual work programme level.Milestone timeline example:Milestones:Key activity/programmeThis part of the table identifies thedifferent financial year periodsInitial contract term5 year extended contract term2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17Design, Install and Inactive CommissionRetrieval EquipmentRetrievals Operations and MaintenancePreparation for DecommissioningThis part of the tablelists the key activitiesto be completedThe grey line representsthe ‘contract baseline’schedule for the workThe purple line represents the‘performance plan’ schedulefor the same workSummary of costs example:Summary of costs:Initial contract term2011/12 2012/13 2013/14Total (£k)2011/12-2013/14Total (£k)2014/15-2025/26Total (£k)2011/12-2025/2641,658.5 43,322.5 73,052.0 158,033.0 457,554.8 615,587.9You will find cost summaryinformation for each individualwork programme. This informationis split between the initial contractterm and future contract terms.This section details theinvestment in the project for theremainder of the initial contractterm (ie the first five years of theNMP contract, starting in year 3)This section sets out the total cost ofthe remainder of the initial contractterm (years 3, 4 and 5), the total cost ofthe remaining potential contract term(12 years), and the total investmentover the maximum contract term.

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 11Overview: Document guideABCThe front page of each work programme section sets outsome ‘at a glance’ information. From this page you can seeA. Section titleDB. Picture of plant or key activityC. Programme titleD. Overview of current status, key activities and processesfrom the past or present dayThe red dashed line and arrows highlights theimprovement from the ‘contract baseline’ tothe ‘performance plan’ scheduleKey:Contract BaselinePerformance planMaximum contract term5 year extended contract term 2 year extended contract term2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 2022/23 2023/24 2024/25 2025/26Completion of Preparation for RetrievalsStart of Bulk RetrievalsThe red diamond representsthe ‘performance plan’completion date for workThe grey diamond representsthe ‘contract baseline’completion date for workPlant programme diagram example:The majority of plants and processesat Sellafield rely in some way on theavailability of other plants and processes.Each section features flow diagrams likethis which highlight the work programmein relation to others.Pile FuelCladding SiloWaste RetrievalPlantInterim Storage ofUntreated WasteWaste TreatmentPlantThe Pile Fuel Cladding Silo ProgrammeOn Site Storage ofTreated Waste

12 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Sellafield site activitiesSellafield siteactivitiesThe Sellafield site is home to a wide range of interdependent nuclear facilitiesand operations. These range from hazard and risk reduction, decommissioning,reprocessing, fuel manufacturing and nuclear waste management.Calder HallSite ion exchange plantWAGRSegregated effluent treatment plantSeparation areaEvaporators A, B, C, with D under constructionWaste monitoring & compaction plantLegacypondsLegacysilosPrimarySeparationareaSPP1 – Sludge packaging plantWaste treatment complexMagnox reprocessingVitrification plantThorpEffluent and encapsulation facilitiesUranium exportsto customersSellafield MOXplantNew fuel exportedto customersMagnoxencapsulationplantSolventtreatmentplantEnhancedactinideremoval plantWasteencapsulationplantWaste packaging& encapsulationplantLLW disposedof to the LLWRIn order to decommission the Sellafield site itis necessary to first build some new facilitiesthat will treat and store the waste generatedThe safe management of nuclear waste is aspecialist area for the Sellafield workforceThe Sellafield site is home to two reprocessingplants – the Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plantand the Magnox Reprocessing Plant

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 13Overview: Sellafield site activitiesMeasuring 2 square miles, the Sellafieldsite is home to over two hundred nuclearfacilities and over one thousand buildings.The primary mission on the site is the safeacceleration of risk and hazard reduction.Other operations on the Sellafield siteinclude nuclear waste management,reprocessing and fuel manufacturing.This is all carried out by a 10,000 strongworkforce.Vitrifiedproduct storeResidue exportfacilitySellafieldproduct &residue storeEncapsulatedproduct stores1, 2, 3Eventualdisposal atUK repositoryReturned tooverseascustomersPrimary operations: Legacy Ponds and Silos buildings which are among theoldest facilities on the Sellafield site management and associated operations with UK andforeign customers high level waste. Low level waste is compacted andsent to the Low Level Waste Repository for storage.Intermediate level waste is mixed with grout and storedin drums inside engineered stores. High level wasteis mixed with molten glass to create a stable solidsubstance suitable for long term storage facilities at Sellafield are over 60 years old so asignificant investment is required to ensure thatthey remain operational and in a safe state prior todecommissioningWhere possible to treat very low level waste,removing the surface contamination andallowing the remaining material to be recycledThe final stage of the decommissioningprogramme is the demolition of the emptyfacilities

14 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Key plants and projectsKey plants and projects2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060SeparationAreaVentilationSAVDemolish Reprocessing Plant Vent Stack1st Generation Reprocessing Plant Decommissioning / DemolitionSludgeBuffer Care & MaintenanceLSTP(B)Pile Fuel Pond RetrievalsTreatment Plant OpsPile Fuel Pond – POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionLSTP(E) Plant (Build)Magnox Pond Retrievals / TreatmentSPP1(B)SPP1(P&E)BEPSeparation MachinerySDEP / SMF /+ 3m 3 BoxMagnox Swarf Silos – Sludge Retrievals / TreatmentPile Fuel Cladding Silo RetrievalsMagnox Pond – POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionMagnox Swarf Silos POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionCladding Silo PrepsCladding Silo – POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionBEPPS 1LP&S ILW StorageDILWEPBEPPS 2ILW Final Treatment and StorageBEPPS 3BEPPS 4ILW GDF AvailableWPEP / MBGWSEPS1, 2, & 3ILW Store ExportsCommercial Ops ILW StorageMagnox OpsThorp OpsMagnox Plants – POCO / Decommissioning / Demolitioncontinued long term on site product storageThorp HE & CSP Decommissioning & Thorp HE & CSP DemolitionHALES / WVP OpsVPS StorageEvap DReplacement HASTsAGR ReceiptsAGR Fuel Conditioning PlantAGR StorageCustomer Fuel StorageSMP OpsSMP – POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionD&B New PCM Treatment PlantsWTC3 ConstructionWTC Ops No PCM Treatment 2026 – 2036 New PCM Treatment OpsWTC POCO / Decom / DecommissioningEDS ExportsPCM Treatment PlantPOCO / DecommissioningEDS StorageCalder Final DefuelCalder Reactors into SafestoreCalder Reactors in Safestore (Care & Maintenance Equivalent)Land & Groundwater MonitoringLand & Groundwater RemediationLLWR Receives final Low Level Waste Receipts

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 15Overview: Key plants and projectsThe chart below provides a very high level overview of theSellafield Plan in its entirety. Further detail on this scope canbe found in the relevant section of this document.2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120KeyDecomm Directorate / LP&SLonger Term Building Decommissioning PhasesInterim ILW / Fuel StorageRepro / HA / SNM / Offsite Customer FuelPCM Plants & OpsCalder HallBEPPSCritical PathMilestonesFILWEPILW StoreBEPPS StoreDemolitionFHP Final DecommissioningHLW GDF AvailableVPS ExportsVPS2 DemolitionAGR Fuel Condition & ExportsThorp R&S POCO / Decommissioning / Demolition (& Condition Plant)Customer Fuel ExportsConstruct Customer FuelConditioning PlantPOCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionIn-grout CapabilityWTC3 – POCO / Decommissioning / DemolitionCalder Site CloseoutCalder Hall Final DecommissioningSellafield Site CloseoutCritical SL Land & Groundwater Remediation

16 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: Sellafield Plan Summary CostsSellafield PlanSummary Costs2011/12-2025/26CategoryInitial contract term2011/12 2012/13 2013/14Transition – – –New Construction Projects 554,879.1 601,369.4 655,001.6Commercial Operations 264,136.0 264,584.4 257,551.3Decommissioning & Termination 44,492.8 44,253.5 39,367.6Waste & Nuclear Materials Management 324,702.5 335,994.1 331,465.1Site Support and Services 455,185.7 440,638.2 413,824.3Total 1,643,395.9 1,686,839.5 1,697,209.9Escalated value 1,643,395.9 1,739,131.5 1,804,068.0Discounted value 1,643,395.9 1,650,527.9 1,624,926.7Revenue Income 13,742.9 13,635.0 13,748.4The four year spending settlement from Government implies an annual site funding forSellafield Ltd around £1.5bn, as reflected in the illustrations above. The costs shown in thetables included in the separate sections of the plan are based on a set of assumptions on thelevel of efficiencies and acceleration for completing the overall work programme. Actual levelsof efficiencies achieved will determine how much work can be delivered within the spendingsettlement. For that reason costs shown in those separate sections are indicative and are notdirectly comparable with those shown above. Some sections do not contain detailed financialinformation, where commercial confidentiality prevents publication.

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 17Overview: Sellafield Plan Summary CostsKey:TransitionNew Construction ProjectsCommercial OperationsDecommissioning & TerminationWaste & Nuclear MaterialsManagementSite Support and ServicesRevenue Income1,309,648.31,811,250.14,358,078.65,064,998.55,667,726.96,876,248.6992,161.61,732,019.13,917,681.64,909,843.2786,271.6128,113.81,060,434.0Costs 2011/12-2013/14 Costs 2014/15-2025/26 Costs 2011/12-2025/261,188,547.82,518,290.7CategoryTotal (£k)2011/12-2013/14Total (£k)2014/15-2025/26Total (£k)2011/12-2025/26Transition – – –New Construction Projects 1,811,250.1 5,064,998.5 6,876,248.6Commercial Operations 786,271.6 1,732,019.1 2,518,290.7Decommissioning & Termination 128,113.8 1,060,434.0 1,188,547.8Waste & Nuclear Materials Management 992,161.6 3,917,681.6 4,909,843.2Site Support and Services 1,309,648.3 4,358,078.6 5,667,726.9Total 5,027,445.4 16,133,211.8 21,160,657.2Escalated value 5,186,595.5 20,770,204.3 25,956,799.8Discounted value 4,918,850.5 13,564,331.4 18,483,182.0Revenue Income 41,126.2 154,589.5 195,715.8

18 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: GlossaryGlossaryAdvanced Gas-cooled ReactorAn Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR) is atype of nuclear reactor. These are the secondgeneration of British gas-cooled reactors,using graphite as the neutron moderator andcarbon dioxide as coolant.Analytical Services LabsProvides two main functions: Facilities forundertaking scientific research and facilities forundertaking analytical work.Box Encapsulation PlantDesigned to sort and encapsulate in cementa wide range of solid radioactive intermediatelevel waste and export boxes of encapsulatedproduct to a purpose-built store for interimstorage pending the availability of a GeologicalDisposal Facility.Box Transfer FacilityWill provide export routes for waste retrievedfrom the Magnox Swarf Storage Silos andprocessed in the Silos Direct EncapsulationPlant. Currently under construction.Calder HallThe world’s first commercial nuclear powerstation and part of the UK’s fleet of Magnoxnuclear power stations. Calder Hall ceasedoperations in March 2003.ClinoptiloliteA sand material which is used in the Site IonExchange Plant.Comprehensive Import/Export Facilityand Box Encapsulation Plant ProductStore 1Will incorporate the completion and expansionof a purpose-built above ground nuclear wastestore and an import/export facility to handlethe waste. Currently under construction.DecommissioningWithdraw a facility from service and make itinoperative, dismantling and decontaminatingit ready for demolition.Engineered Drum StoresProvide modern fit-for-purpose storage forintermediate level waste.Engineered Product StoreIntermediate level waste store at Sellafield.Enhanced Actinide Removal PlantSupports both Magnox and Thorpreprocessing and removes radioactivecomponents from waste liquid effluentstreams.Evaporator DThis new highly active evaporator iscurrently under construction and will supportreprocessing operations.First Generation Magnox Storage PondConstructed in the 1950s and 1960s, thefacility was used to store, cool and prepareMagnox fuel for reprocessing.First Generation Reprocessing PlantsConstructed during the late 1940s and early1950s, the facility carried out the first stageof reprocessing fuel from the Windscale Pilereactors.Floc Storage TanksA series of ten concrete storage tankswhich were built in the 1950s. They wereused to store liquid effluents produced fromreprocessing operations. Overlying liquid wasdischarged from the tanks leaving a sludgelike substance which is now being retrievedfor processing.Fuel Fabrication FacilitiesRedundant fuel fabrication facilities.Fuel Handling PlantResponsible for receiving, storing andmechanically processing spent nuclear fuelfrom Magnox and Advanced Gas-cooledReactor stations from across the UK.Highly Active Liquor TankCommissioned to generate radiotherapysources for commercial and medical use.Highly Active LiquorHighly Active Liquor is classed as high levelwaste and is a by-product of reprocessingspent nuclear fuel. It contains 99% of theradioactivity from spent nuclear fuel.Highly Active Liquid Effluent StoragePlantThe plant stores, concentrates and conditionsHighly Active Liquor (HAL) in evaporators forbuffer storage in Highly Active Storage Tanks(HAST).Highly Active EvaporatorsThe highly active evaporators at Sellafield playa pivotal role in the delivery of reprocessing,historic clean-up and hazard reductionmissions across the site. They reduce thevolume of highly active liquors which are thenfed to the Vitrification Plant.Inactive commissionWork done to prepare the facility foroperations before radioactive material isintroduced. Once radioactive material isintroduced to the facility a period of activecommissioning is undertaken before thefacility goes into full operations.International Nuclear ServicesInternational Nuclear Services a wholly ownedsubsidiary of the NDA, is the commercialagency for spent fuel management services inthe UK and is the world’s most experiencedglobal shipper of nuclear materials.Low Active Effluent Treatment TankSludge storage tanks which are being emptiedas part of the Floc Retrieval Project (see FlocStorage Tanks section of the plan).Low Level Waste RepositoryThe UK’s national low level waste repository issituated approximately seven miles south ofthe Sellafield site.Magnox Encapsulation PlantDesigned to process solid intermediate levelwaste, packaging it into drums which aregrouted to create a waste which is suitablefor handling, transport, storing and eventualdisposal.Magnox Reprocessing PlantMagnox reprocessing operations began in1964. The plant is used for the decanning,dissolution and retrieval of uranium andplutonium components of spent Magnox fuelfrom throughout the UK.Magnox Swarf Storage SilosConstructed in the 1960s and extendedduring the 1970s and 1980s, the facilitywas built to hold irradiated decanningwastes (Magnox swarf and miscellaneousintermediate level waste).

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 19Overview: GlossaryMedium Active Liquor Tank FarmProvides buffer capacity for day-to-dayplant operations in both Thorp and Magnoxreprocessing plants, whilst also providing aninterim storage facility for solvent and aqueousliquors before they are processed in theEnhanced Actinide Removal Plant and theSolvent Treatment Plant.Metal Decontamination FacilityUsed to mechanically remove the outersurface of contaminated steel to clean metalfor recycling.Miscellaneous Beta Gamma Waste StoreThe facility packs different types, sizes andshapes of waste materials and equipment,minimising the volume for storage. The wastepackages are then placed into a temperatureand humidity-controlled store.Multi-element BottlesMulti-element bottles are used to store LightWater Reactor spent fuel assemblies in Thorpstorage ponds.North Group CompoundHistoric contaminated waste stores.Pile ChimneyOriginally there were two pile chimneys builtbetween 1947 and 1950. The chimneys (orventilation shafts) discharged cooling air fromthe two Pile Reactors.Pile Fuel Cladding SiloBuilt in the 1950s, the building was the firststorage facility for intermediate level wasteto be constructed at Sellafield. It is one ofSellafield’s Legacy Pond and Silo facilities.Pile Fuel Cladding Silo Retrievals BuildingThe building which will house the remoteequipment needed to empty the Pile FuelCladding Silo.Pile Fuel Storage PondConstructed between 1948 and 1952, thefacility was used to store, cool and prepareWindscale Pile fuel for reprocessing.Plutonium Contaminated MaterialsTools and equipment that come into contactwith plutonium during operations. These itemsare treated as intermediate level waste.POCOThe actions taken by the plant operatorsat the end of the plant’s operational life toallow the structured and recorded removalof residual plant process inventory or storedwastes, utilising existing plant facilities andprocesses.Residue Export FacilityA key facility in the programme of returningvitrified waste to its country of origin.Salt Evaporator PlantSupports the operation of the Thorpand Magnox reprocessing operations. Itevaporates high ‘salt’ liquors that wouldotherwise limit the evaporation factorsachieved in other on-site evaporators.Sellafield MOX PlantManufactures mixed oxide fuel.Segregated Effluent Treatment PlantReceives, neutralises and buffer-stores lowactive effluents to facilitate sampling andanalysis prior to discharge.Separation AreaThe Separation Area at Sellafield is hometo some of the oldest buildings on the site,including the Legacy Pond and Silo facilities.Separation Area LagoonThis lagoon provides a collection anddischarge facility for surface water drainageand pumped groundwater from theSeparation Area.Separation Area Ventilation PlantComprises a new ventilation plant room andthe equipment needed to carry ventilationductwork from the existing donor plantsthrough to the monitoring plant room and upto the new discharge stack. Currently underconstruction.SEP Product Finishing and StorageFacilityProvides interim storage capacity forplutonium products from MagnoxReprocessing.SEP Purification PlantConstructed to purify plutonium nitrate fromfission products.Silos Direct Encapsulation PlantWill be used to immobilise waste exportedfrom the Magnox Swarf Storage Silos.Site Ion Exchange PlantUsed to treat pond storage water fromacross the Sellafield site by removingthe radio nuclides before the effluent isdischarged to sea, within the appropriatedischarge limits set by our regulators.Sludge Packaging Plant 1Will hydraulically receive sludge from the FistGeneration Magnox Storage Pond. Currentlyunder construction.Solid Waste Storage CellsUsed as a store for Medium Beta GammaWaste arising from Magnox reprocessing.Solvent Treatment PlantUsed for the treatment of waste solvent fromThorp, Magnox and historic solvent in storage.It is the only UK facility which can processradioactive solvent.ThorpThe Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant(Thorp) combines all of the facilities needed toreprocess spent oxide fuel under one roof. Itreprocesses both UK and foreign spent fuel.VitrificationInvolves drying high level liquid waste to apowder, mixing it with glass and heating it to atemperature of around 1,200 degrees Celsius.Molten mixture is poured into stainless steelcontainers and allowed to solidify. The processreduces the liquid waste volume to about athird of its original liquid size.Vitrified Product StoreOnce high level waste has been vitrified thefull stainless steel containers are stored in theVitrified Product Store.Waste – low level wasteMakes up the largest physical volumeof radioactive waste and is only slightlyradioactive. Includes things like protectiveclothing, paper towels, gloves and buildingfabric.

20 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Overview: GlossaryGlossary cont.Waste – intermediate level wasteIncludes materials such as fuel elementcladding, contaminated equipment, radioactivesludge and plutonium contaminated material(PCM) that arises from both historic and currentoperations. The waste is put into stainlesssteel drums, which are then filled withcement grouting before being placed into aspecial above-ground storage facility.Waste – high level wasteHigh level waste is produced when spent fuelhas been reprocessed through the Magnoxand Thorp facilities. At Sellafield, this waste istreated through a process called vitrification.This involves converting the high-level liquidwaste into a solid form, reducing the volumeof the liquid waste to one third of its originalsize. Vitrifying the waste enables the materialto be stored safely and in preparation foreventual transport and disposal.Waste Monitoring and Compaction PlantLow level waste is monitored and compactedin this facility. The compaction processreduces the low level waste to a quarter of itsoriginal size before it is exported to the LowLevel Waste Repository.Waste Packaging and EncapsulationPlantTreats waste which arises from the Low ActiveEffluent Treatment facilities (including theEnhanced Actinide Removal Plant).Waste Treatment ComplexProvides for the supercompaction of plutoniumcontaminated material in 200 litre drums.Waste Treatment FacilityWill condition intermediate level waste intoa format for long term storage and eventualdisposal when a Geological DisposalFacility becomes available. Currently underconstruction.Wet Inlet FacilitySafely manages used nuclear fuel on behalf ofcustomers.WindscaleWindscale was historically a separate licensedsite located on the Sellafield site. On 1 April2008 the site licence for Windscale wastransferred to Sellafield Ltd, integrating thetwo sites. Windscale is home to the iconicWindscale Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor.

Sellafield PlanRisk & Hazard ReductionSellafield’s Top PriorityThe Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’s Strategy, approved by the Secretary ofState for Energy and Scottish Ministers in March 2011 has at its heart the priorityof reducing risk and hazard and to deliver the clean-up mission cost-effectively.This is particularly relevant at Sellafieldwhere the Legacy Ponds and Silos posethe most significant challenges, and whereit is essential that tangible, demonstrableprogress is made.The Legacy Ponds and Silos comprise offour main plants on the site which were usedhistorically to prepare fuel for reprocessing orstore waste.They are: Radioactive materials have accumulated and decades plant conditions have deterioratedand there is now an increased urgency toreduce the risk they pose. The facilities werenot designed with decommissioning in mindso innovative technology is being used toretrieve the radioactive material for storagein modern containment facilities, ahead ofits subsequent treatment, packaging andstorage.Aerial view of Pile Fuel Storage PondElevated view of First Generation MagnoxStorage PondThe importance placed onmaking real progress in thisarea has driven the increaseof resources the Governmentand NDA have made availableat Sellafield, as referred to inthe Overview section of thisdocument.The work programmes to deliver risk andhazard reduction in the Legacy Ponds andSilos are detailed in this section of the planand are a national priority.External view of Magnox Swarf Storage SiloExternal view of Pile Fuel Cladding Silo

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionFloc StorageTanks the 1950s

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Floc Storage Tanks The Floc Storage Tanks at Sellafield area series of ten concrete tanks built in the1950s. Liquid effluents produced as aresult of reprocessing operations werehistorically held in these large concretetanks.Although the overlying layer of liquid wasdischarged to the sea as liquid waste,the remaining floc stayed in the tanks.More than 99% of the radioactivity wascontained in this floc – which remainedin the tanks. The tanks operated until themid-1990s when the Low Active EffluentTreatment plants came on stream.The tanks are now over fifty years oldand are unsuitable for indefinite storageof the waste.Arrangements have been made to treatthis intermediate level radioactive wasteand encapsulate it in cement. In order todo this the sludges from the tanks mustfirst be resuspended with water and thentransferred into a buffer store from whichthey will be fed into the Low ActiveEffluent Treatment plants for processingand encapsulation.Although emptying a tank takes a matterof weeks, processing the material fromeach tank will take approximately twoyears.Once treated in the Enhanced ActinideRemoval Plant at Sellafield, the materialwill be further processed through an ultrafiltration system, before being sent tothe Waste Packaging and EncapsulationPlant as intermediate level waste forstorage.Floc is contained within a series of storagetanks at Sellafield which are now over fiftyyears oldA project was completed in the 1990s toinstall an overbuilding above the storagetanks and to refurbish the tanks themselves

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Floc Storage Tanks The floc is being treated as intermediatelevel waste and encapsulated into steeldrums for long term storageThe forward programme for theclean-up and decommissioning of theFloc Storage tanks is to:

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Floc Storage TanksThe PlanFloc Storage Floc Retrieval OperationsSludge Storage Tanks POCOSludge Storage Tanks DecommissioningSludge Storage Tanks ID2 –Local Encapsulation Plant ConstructionTechnical & Development work commencesCapital Project CommencesThe Floc Storage Tanks programmeretrieves floc created from the firstGeneration Reprocessing programmeand stored in the floc tanks to a buffertank. This floc is immobilised and sent tointermediate level waste storage.The programme to complete the retrievalof the floc material is scheduled forcompletion during the 2020/21 financialyear. Following a Post Operational CleanOut (POCO) phase, the sludge storagetanks will begin their decommissioningprogramme in 2022/23. This programmewill include the retrieval of the heels andclinker.In parallel, a programme to design andconstruct a local encapsulation plantis being undertaken with constructionscheduled for completion during the2024/25 financial year.In 1998 a containment building was constructedand slid into position over the storage tanksSuccessful transfers of the floc material to theEnhanced Actinide Removal Plant have alreadytaken place

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Floc Storage Tanks Volume Reduction from Storage Tanks – Operations CompletePOCO CompleteConstruction Completed 3,206.4 4,448.2 3,393.7 11,048.2 58,998.6 70,046.8For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Floc Storage Tanks The Enhanced Actinide Removal Plantsupports both Magnox and Thorpreprocessing operations as well asprocessing material that has beenretrieved from the floc storage tanks, andthe historic backlog and future arisings ofmedium active liquor at Sellafield. The Waste Packaging and EncapsulationPlant at Sellafield is a facility for thetreatment of wastes arising from theLow Active Effluent Treatment facilities(including the Enhanced ActinideRemoval Plant).It provides the means for the removalof radioactive components from wasteliquid effluent streams.The Enhanced Actinide Removal Plant(above) is a key enabler to this programmeas it processes the retrieved flocThe Waste Packaging and Encapsulationplant – encapsulation lineProgramme ScopeFloc StorageTanksResuspension,Mobilise FlocTransfer Floc fromHolding Tank toBuffer TankRetrieve Floc fromBuffer & VolumeReductionFlocDecommissioningActivities includingConstruction of LocalEncapsulation PlantILW StorageSolid LLWMisc.BetaGammaWasteEnhanced ActinideRemoval PlantLow Active EffluentAerialSegregated EffluentTreatment PlantLLW ManagementMiscellaneous BetaGamma Waste StoreStacks

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionFirst GenerationReprocessing Plants

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Reprocessing PlantsOverview LegacyThe First Generation ReprocessingPlants were constructed in the early1950s to carry out the first stage ofreprocessing fuel from the WindscalePile Reactors. It was later modified foroxide fuels following the opening of theMagnox Reprocessing Plant, beforeceasing operations in the 1970s.The plant was used to reprocess earlyreactor fuel before being converted to ahead-end treatment plant where fuel wassheared.The plant contains four highly activecells, each containing redundantradioactive material and two mediumactive cells. The Highly Active NorthOuter cell was also used as a shieldedventilation route from 1966 to 1988.The building also has a 61m stackwhich is housed on the building roof.The primary decommissioning challengeassociated with the First GenerationReprocessing Plants is the safe removalof this stack.The location of the stack on the roof ofthe building presents a unique demolitionchallenge.Physical demolition of the plantcan not be completed until a newventilation plant – the Separation AreaVentilation Plant – is constructed andcommissioned.The First Generation ReprocessingPlants programme of work also includesthe decommissioning of the ThorpMiniature Pilot Plant.Historic image of the First GenerationReprocessing PlantsA laser image of the inside of the FirstGeneration Reprocessing Plants

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 First Generation Reprocessing Plants The construction of the new SeparationArea Ventilation Plant is a key step in theprogramme. The construction of the stack isalready completeThe forward programme for theFirst Generation ReprocessingPlants is to: project Historic aerial view of Sellafield with theFirst Generation Reprocessing Plants in theforeground

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Reprocessing Plants First GenerationReprocessing Plants New Build Separation Area Ventilation SAV Available to StartFull OperationsSeparation Area Ventilation Operationsand MaintenanceSEP Head End Plant – West End StaircaseRefurb & Stabilise HANO CellWest StaircaseRefurbishment CompleteSep Head End Stack DecommissioningStackDemolishedThorp Mini Pilot Plant DecommissioningVent DisconnectThe First Generation ReprocessingPlants programme scope is thedecommissioning of the PrimarySeparation Head End Plant, the ThorpMiniature Pilot Plant housed in legacybuildings and their associated secondarybuildings.The construction and subsequentoperation of the Separation AreaVentilation Plant along with removal ofthe separation area ductwork maderedundant by the Separation AreaVentilation project are also covered inthis programme.The short term priority is the demolitionof the Separation Head End Plant Stackwhich cannot be completed until thenew Separation Area Ventilation Plant isconstructed and commissioned with allassociated pipework in place.The Separation Area Ventilation Stackwill be available to start full operationsin 2014.The Separation Area Ventilation project isa key deliverable in this work programmeThe decommissioning of the FirstGeneration Reprocessing Plants isalready under way

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan First Generation Reprocessing Plants 41,344.0 22,966.2 10,476.2 74,786.4 82,458.9 157,245.3For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Reprocessing Plants The Separation Area Ventilation project– a major design and build – comprisesa new two-storey ventilation plant roomhousing the ventilation equipment, aventilation discharge monitoring plantroom and a series of new steel supportstructures.These carry ventilation ductwork fromexisting donor plants through to themonitoring plant room and up to the newdischarge stack. Thorp Miniature Pilot Plant’s ventilationdischarge is to be disconnected fromPrimary Separation Plant ventilationstack, as an enabler to the stackdemolition. This work will also allow theventilation duct and supporting bridgebetween Thorp Miniature Pilot Plantand the Primary Separation Plant to beremoved, thus avoiding the costs offurther repair and maintenance of thecorroding structure.First Generation Reprocessing The SEP Head End Plant external weststaircase is being subject to extensiverenovation in order to ensure that thebuilding meets statutory fire escaperegulations to allow decommissioningwork to continue unhindered throughoutthe facility. The 6th to 10th floors willbe enclosed with cladding to allowthe refurbished staircase to meet therequirements of decommissioning whichis scheduled to run until 2077.The Separation Area Ventilation projectdischarge stack has been constructed onthe Sellafield siteFirst GenerationReprocessing PlantsDemolition of the stackEnablersSeparation AreaVentilation (SAV)ProjectThorp Miniature PilotPlant Pipebridge andvent disconnectionGeneral Operations, Maintenanceand Asset Care of SEPHead End Plant & the ThorpMiniature Pilot Plant to maintainlegality/asset integrityFirst GenerationReprocessing Plant Weststaircase project toallow decommissioningactivities to continue safely

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionPile Fuel StoragePond

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Storage PondThe Pile Fuel Storage Pond at The construction of the First GenerationMagnox Fuel Storage Pond at Sellafieldstarted in 1948 and the facilitywas commissioned in 1952. It wasconstructed to receive, cool and decanfuel from the Windscale Piles, prior toreprocessing.The facility was modified in the mid-1950sto allow the receipt of spent Magnox fuelfrom the Calder Hall reactors.The pond and adjoining decanningbuilding provided the storage and coolingfacility for used fuel and isotopes from thetwo Windscale reactors.The pond is a sub-divided outdoorstorage pond containing skips ofirradiated fuel. The building contains aseries of sub-ponds, otherwise knownas bays, connected underwater to themain pond.Following the closure of the WindscalePile reactors and the commissioning ofthe First Generation Magnox Fuel StoragePond, plant operations were scaleddown, although the facility was still usedas a cooling and decanning facility forsome materials.When decanning in the plant stopped in1962 the pond continued to be used asstorage for fuel, contaminated items, andoperational waste.During its working life the pond processed2,100te of pile fuel and 300te of Magnoxfuel. All operations in the pond ceased inthe 1970s.The Pile Fuel Storage Pond combinesused nuclear fuel, sludge, intermediatelevel waste and pond water, each ofwhich needs to be safely removed andprocessed through separate routes.Historic view of the Pile Fuel StoragePond at SellafieldHistoric aerial view of the Pile FuelStorage PondThe Pile Fuel Storage Pond in operation

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Pile Fuel Storage PondSolution The ultimate aim for the programme is toempty the Pile Fuel Storage PondIn order to safely empty anddecommission the Pile Fuel StoragePond the solution is to:

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Storage PondThe PlanPile Fuel Storage Storage Pond No 1 LSTP Storage LSTP Sludge BufferProject CompleteStorage Pond No 1 LSTP ExportStorage Pond No 1 Operations and MaintenanceBulk Desludging CompleteThe Pile Fuel Storage Pond programmescope is to progressively remove theradiological inventory, reducing the riskand hazard posed by the storage ofwastes within the legacy facility.The sludge is currently being transferredinto an in-pond Sludge Corral, where itwill be stored pending treatment throughthe Local Sludge Treatment Plant.The first major milestone will be tocomplete the Local Sludge TreatmentPlant Sludge Buffer project whichinvolves the transfer of sludge from thein-pond corral to the Local SludgeStorage Tanks.Bulk desludging will be completedduring the 2015/16 financial year andthe completion of the Local SludgeTreatment Plant Export Project isplanned for the 2017/18 financial year.The final phase of the programme willsee the dewatering and dismantling ofthe remaining structure to base slab.A Local Effluent Treatment Plant has beeninstalled to control the activity of the pond liquorusing an ion exchange processIn-pond sludge corral installed to provideinterim storage for sludge prior to finaltreatment24 fuel skips have already been retrieved fromthe pond, creating more room for desludgingoperations

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Pile Fuel Storage Pond LSTP Export Project CompleteMetal Fuel Export Complete 23,573.9 38,110.5 38,102.5 99,786.9 228,918.0 328,704.9For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionA sludge retrieval hood has been installed intothe pond. Together with other equipment thehood will help with sludge retrieval operationsA skip tip and wash mechanism has beeninstalled in the building to assist with therecovery of in-pond skips

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Storage Pond The Local Sludge Treatment Plant(LSTP) project will provide the plant andequipment for the safe interim storageof the radioactive sludge once retrievedfrom the Pile Fuel Storage Pond. Theproject involves the construction of anew plant located to the north side ofthe existing pond.The facility has been designed to providethe equipment to receive the sludgefrom an in-pond corral then thicken andstore the sludge in buffer storage tanks.The project also includes provision ofthe services, sentencing and samplingequipment required to export the sludgeto a future treatment process. The BEPPS1 and CIEF project willincorporate the completion andexpansion of a purpose built aboveground nuclear waste store and theconstruction of a new import/exportfacility to handle radioactive waste,arising from the ongoing nucleardecommissioning and high hazardreduction operations at Sellafield.A Local Sludge Treatment Plant has beenconstructed near to the Pile Fuel Storage PondThe Local Sludge Treatment Plant (seenbehind the pond) will receive sludge whichhas been retrieved from the pondLocal Sludge Treatment PlantPile FuelStorage PondSludge & SolidsPhase 1 bufferstorage of sludgePhase 2 treat sludgefor long term storageLow ActiveAqueous WasteEffluentManagementRemainingSolidsMetal fuelConditionedMetal fuelCanned fuelElementExamination CavesMetal fuelFuel HandlingPlantCarbide andOxide FuelOxide FuelStorage PondOn site storage oftreated sludgeKeyPile Fuel Storage Pond ProgrammeTreatment in BoxEncapsulation PlantOn site storage oftreated solids/fuelOther Programmes

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionFirst GenerationMagnox Storage Pond

2 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Magnox Storage Pond The Magnox Storage and DecanningFacility was constructed during the1950s and 1960s as part of the UK’sexpanding nuclear programme. Its rolewas to receive and store irradiated fuelfrom Magnox reactors, and to removethe fuel cladding prior to the fuel beingprocessed.In 1974, a long reprocessing shutdownat Sellafield caused fuel to be storedunderwater in the storage pond for longerperiods than normal. This resulted in theMagnox fuel corroding in the pond, whichin turn gave rise to increased radiationlevels and poor underwater viewing.This slowed the rate of decanning leadingto increased residence times and furtherfuel corrosion. The plant continuedto operate until its replacement, theFuel Handling Plant at Sellafield, wascommissioned in 1986. The final fuel wasreceived into the First Generation MagnoxStorage Pond in 1992.The First Generation Magnox StoragePond was constructed as an open-airpond. Over the years the pond hasaccumulated significant quantities ofwaste materials, sludges from corrosionof fuel cladding, fuel fragments and otherdebris which has blown into the pond,and skips of fuel.The First Generation Magnox StoragePond combines used nuclear fuel,sludge, intermediate level waste andpond water, each of which needs to besafely removed and processed throughseparate routes.Historical aerial view of the First GenerationMagnox Storage Pond during constructionHistorical internal view of the FirstGeneration Magnox Storage Pond beforeoperationsHistorical aerial view of the First GenerationMagnox Storage Pond

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 First Generation Magnox Storage Pond Sludge will be removed from the pond andtransferred to new facilities at SellafieldIn order to safely empty anddecommission the First GenerationMagnox Storage Pond thesolution is to:

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Magnox Storage Pond First GenerationMagnox Storage New Build Export/Inlet Building (Combined)Sludge Retrievals Project: SEP Storage Pond 2& Decanner LP&SERPReady to Pump SludgeMajor Asset Care: SEP Storage Pond 2 &Decanner– Sludge Packing Plant 1 BufferReady forActive Tie InsRetrievals Operations & MaintenanceThe First Generation MagnoxStorage Pond programme scope isto progressively retrieve and treat theradiological inventory residing within thefacility, reducing initially the risk posed byits ongoing storage and then reducingthe inherent hazard of the materials.A new facility – the Sludge PackagingPlant 1 – is currently under constructionand will temporarily store the sludgeretrieved from the pond. Active tie-ins tothe Sludge Packaging Plant are expectedto begin during the 2013/14 financial year.Operations and maintenance work willcontinue throughout this period.The plants will be ready to retrievesludge during 2014/15.The export of fuel and skips is scheduledto begin during the 2015/16 financialyear with bulk desludging complete(2018/19).Completion of retrieval operationswill then enable the dewatering andsubsequent dismantling of the remainingstructure to its base slab.The First Generation Magnox Storage PondGantry Refurbishment System has successfullycompleted a key risk reduction enabler forrecovery of the pond inventoryWe have completed a project to install the firstof a series of hammock restraints which willsupport and capture the High Level ServiceLines pipework in the event of a failureA new pond purge unit will treat the radioactivityin the pond water and is expected to reduceradioactive dose rates for people workingaround the pond, reduce aerial discharges andreduce operator doses during fuel retrievals

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan First Generation Magnox Storage Pond The Skip Handler steelwork, which supportsthe return to work of the Skip HandlingMachine within the First Generation MagnoxStorage Pond, has been extensively refurbishedbringing it back into service for use inremoving hazardous bulk sludge and solidwaste inventory from the pond. Ready to ExportFuel & SkipsPond Desludging CompleteBays Desludging Complete Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionRedundant pipework which used to link thebays within the pond are being isolated anddecommissioned. A new emergency pumpingsystem has already been successfully installed

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 First Generation Magnox Storage Pond The Sludge Packaging Plant 1 (SPP1) isbeing built to hydraulically receive over1,350m 3 – that’s equivalent to a halffull Olympic sized swimming pool – ofsludge from the First Generation MagnoxStorage Pond.The plant is a key risk reduction projectfor the First Generation Magnox StoragePond. It comprises three stainless steelbuffer storage vessels to contain thesludge, to allow it to decant and settle.The Sludge Packaging Plant 1, which willreceive sludge from the First GenerationMagnox Storage Pond is being constructed andcommissionedSite clearance for the plant began inNovember 2005 and required the removalof a number of redundant facilities. In2007 a perimeter fence was erectedaround the site to move it out of theSeparation Area and improve accessibilityfor construction. In 2008 the first concretepour took place and the main civil buildhas now been completed.First Generation MagnoxStorage PondSludge Packaging Plant 1RedundantSettling TankSludgeBuffer Storageof SludgeProcessing andExport of SludgeAqueouswasteEffluentDistributionPlantSIXEPKeyIn ProgrammeLaterretrievalof pondsolids andother fuelEarly retrieval of fueland isotopesStorage in FuelHandling Plant (FHP)Treatment in BoxEncapsulation PlantILWILWTreatment ofILW SolidsWasteEncapsulationPlantMiscellaneousBeta GammaWaste StoreTreatedsludgeOn Site Storage ofTreated SludgeOn Site Storage ofTreated Solids/FuelSIXEPSludgeEffluentDistributionPlantOutside ProgrammeFirst Generation Magnox Storage Pond

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionMagnox SwarfStorage Silos

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos The Magnox type nuclear reactorwas the first type to generate nuclearelectricity in the UK. Including CalderHall at Sellafield a total of eleven Magnoxpower stations were commissionedduring the 1950s, 60s and early 70s.In support of the growing contributionof electricity generated by the Magnoxpower stations, the Magnox SwarfStorage Silos Facility was built atSellafield to accommodate the swarfwaste produced by the Magnox fueldecanning operations. The claddingswarf was removed from the fuel prior toreprocessing.The facility became operational in 1964for the underwater storage of swarfwaste.Following its inception in 1964 with sixwet silos, the facility was extended onthree further occasions to cater for theincreased storage demands; by 1983,a complement of 22 silos had beenestablished.By the early 1990s, technologicaldevelopments meant that ‘wet storage’of Magnox swarf was no longer seen asthe best solution. Dry waste, immobilisedin discrete containers offered positiveadvantages: it becomes more passiveand much more practical to manage.Therefore the Magnox EncapsulationPlant was constructed at Sellafield toreceive dry Magnox swarf, encapsulateit in cement and seal it in stainless steeldrums.The Magnox Swarf Storage Silosreceived Magnox fuel cladding from theFirst Generation Magnox Storage Pondand the Fuel Handling Plant along with arange of other items of intermediate levelwaste. The swarf was transported inpurpose built flasks and tipped into thesilo compartments.In 1992, swarf received from the FuelHandling Plant was routed to theMagnox Encapsulation Plant. Variousfacilities continued to use the MagnoxSwarf Storage Silos to aid their ownPost Operational Clean Out (POCO).The final receipts were tipped into thecompartments in June 2000.The Magnox swarf, which is almost100% magnesium, is stored underwater.The swarf then undergoes a processwhich results in the release of gaseoushydrogen. The plant design andoperations ensure that the heat andhydrogen cannot build up and riskexceeding safe levels within the plant.Between 1994 and 1999, a significantquantity of metal swarf was retrievedfrom the facility, by use of the SwarfRetrieval Facility. The waste wasexported to the Magnox EncapsulationPlant for encapsulation and storage.Historical view of the inside of the MagnoxSwarf Storage Silos during constructionHistorical external view of the Magnox SwarfStorage Silos during construction

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos Waste from the Magnox Swarf Storage Silos willbe exported from the building in 3m 3 boxesIn order to safely empty anddecommission the Magnox SwarfStorage Silos the solution is to: The Magnox Swarf Storage Silos duringconstruction

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos Magnox SwarfStorage Silos SEP Solid Waste Storage Prepare for RetrievalsDesign and Construct Retrievals& Treatment FacilitiesNuclear Safety Surveillance Operations& MaintenanceRetrieve and Treat Silo WasteThe Magnox Swarf Storage Silosprogramme scope is to retrieve thewaste from compartments within thesilos and treat to form an interim storageproduct. The product will be storedabove ground pending availability of theIntermediate Level Waste ConditioningFacility and consignment to theGeological Disposal Facility.A major milestone for the facility will comewith the completion of a project to designand construct retrieval and treatmentfacilities. The first silo emptying plant willbe ready to retrieve during the 2016/17financial year with preparation forretrievals complete in the same period.The start of active retrievals will beginduring 2017/18 financial year when theTreatment Facility is available.Over nine liquid activity reduction (LAR)transfers have already taken place with theliquid transferred to the Site Ion ExchangePlant (SIXEP) at SellafieldAfter each transfer, the silos are toppedup with clean water to maintain shieldingof the solid waste

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos Initial Preparation forRetrievals CompleteFirst Machine Ready for RetrievalsThird Machine Readyfor RetrievalsSustained RetrievalsStart of Active Commissioning Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos The original Silos Direct EncapsulationPlant was constructed between 1995 and2001, however work was halted whennew information on the waste streams tobe processed meant that a decision hadto be taken to put the project on hold.The building was then placed in a careand maintenance regime.In 2004 work was carried out on the newprocess options for the plant and in 2005significant elements of the redundantplant and equipment were stripped out, inpreparation for the new plant.Construction of the plant is programmedto be completed in 2018, howeveraccelerated programmes are looking tobring this forward. The Box Transfer Facility will provideexport routes for waste retrieved fromthe Magnox Swarf Storage Silos andprocessed in Silos Direct EncapsulationPlant (SDP). The waste will be in theform of 3m 3 product boxes which will beexported via the Box Transfer Facility tothe Encapsulation Product Store 3 andeventually the Box Encapsulation PlantProduct Store via the ComprehensiveImport/Export Facility when it has beencompleted.Construction of the Box Transfer Facilityat Sellafield is under wayTransportPackages &MaintenanceItemsSilos MaintenanceFacilityLLWMaintenanceWasteTreatment throughthe LLW ProgrammeMagnox SwarfStorage SiloEffluentDistribution PlantAqueous wasteSludgeand solidsSludge &Spent IronExchangeSilo Direct Encapsulation PlantTreatment of Sludge and SolidsEffluent Transfer FacilitySIXEPSIXEPWaste RetrievalOn Site Storage of TreatedSludge and SolidsKeyIn ProgrammeOutside Programme

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionPile FuelCladding Silo

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Cladding Silo Built between 1950 and 1951 the PileFuel Cladding Silo is 21m high and,inside, houses six extremely tall wastecontainers known as ‘silos’.Commissioned for use in 1952 thefacility’s primary role was to receive andsafely store radioactive fuel claddingfrom the military project at Windscale.As Magnox power stations started togenerate electricity for domestic use,it also received fuel cladding from theCalder Hall and Chapelcross powerstations.Between 1952 and 1965, flasks ofdecanning waste (aluminium, graphite,and later on Magnox) were sent tothe Pile Fuel Cladding Silo on a roadtransporter. The flasks were lifted to theeast end tower and placed onto atrolley. The trolley took the flask into ashielded antechamber where the lid wasremoved and the flask transferred to asecond trolley.The second trolley carried the lidlessflask into the transfer tunnel where theflask was turned upside down. Thewaste dropped out of the flask and intothe compartment. The flask was thenremoved, its lid replaced and the flaskreturned to the Pile Fuel Storage Pond.The Pile Fuel Cladding Silo has sixcompartments and now holds over 3,200cubic metres of intermediate level waste.By the mid 1990s, the silo was nearingthe end of its intended life. And, like anybuilding exposed to the weather for 50years, it required care and maintenance.A programme of upgrade work wascompleted to enable the building tocontinue to store waste safely, priorto the next task in the programme: tosafely retrieve the waste and store it incompact concealed units.Historical aerial view of the Pile FuelCladding SiloThe Pile Fuel Cladding Silo with the CalderHall Cooling Towers in the distanceAerial view of the Pile Fuel Cladding Siloduring the 1970s

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Pile Fuel Cladding Silo A ‘superstructure’ is being constructedopposite the Silo which will be used toretrieve the wasteIn order to safely empty anddecommission the Pile Fuel CladdingSilo the solution is to: The Pile Fuel Cladding Silo followingexternal refurbishment work

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Cladding Silo Pile Fuel Cladding Design, Install and Inactive CommissionRetrieval EquipmentRetrievals Operations and MaintenancePreparation for DecommissioningThe first major milestone will be todesign, install and inactive commissionthe retrieval equipment which includesthe construction of a waste retrievalsbuilding adjacent to the silo (see enablerson the following page). Completion ofpreparation for retrievals is planned forthe 2017/18 financial year.Once retrievals begin within the facility,the programme moves to its retrievalsoperations and maintenance phase. Thestart of bulk retrievals is planned for the2017/18 financial year.The final phase of the programme forthe Pile Fuel Cladding Silo will be thepreparation for decommissioning of boththe silo and the retrievals building.The transfer tunnel on the roof of the buildingwas emptied and removedA passive off gas system has been installedStorage of the intermediate level waste hasbeen significantly improved following anextensive programme of strengthening,re-pointing and rendering

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Pile Fuel Cladding Silo Completion of Preparation for RetrievalsStart of Bulk RetrievalsPreparations Begin for Residuals Removal 41,658.5 43,322.5 73,052.0 158,033.0 457,554.8 615,587.9For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionThe storage environment within the silo has beenchanged from air to inert gas, vastly reducing thepotential risk of fire. New argon plants provide acontinuous supply of argon to the siloWork is under way to construct the‘superstructure’ which will house the equipmentneeded to retrieve waste from the siloA Silo Retrieval Facility is being constructedopposite the silo which will be used toretrieve the waste

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Pile Fuel Cladding Silo The waste retrieval facility will consist ofa reinforced concrete support skeletonstructurally independent from the silo,but adjoining it. A number of moduleswill be bolted on: retrieval modules;waste loading modules and wastecontainer modules.Holes will be cut into the northside of the silo so that each of thecompartments can be accessed in turn.Access doors will be made for eachcompartment, which will be bolted to thesilo structure and sealed against the faceof the silo. The retrieval module will dockagainst each compartment.A telescopic boom and grab will bedeployed through the new holes in theside of the silo. This grab will pick upthe waste from within the silo, retract,rotate through 180 degrees and lowerthe grab full of waste into the wastecharacterisation module. A robotic armwill spread the waste out within themodule where photographic and videofootage of the waste will be taken alongwith basic radiological measures to aidcharacterisation and treatment. Whencharacterisation is completed the wastewill be transferred into 3m 3 storageboxes which will be raised up to thelidding station, swabbed and exportedfor storage prior to treatment and finalstorage. The BEPPS1 and CIEF project willincorporate the completion andexpansion of a purpose built aboveground nuclear waste store and theconstruction of a new import/exportfacility to handle radioactive waste,arising from the ongoing nucleardecommissioning and high hazardreduction operations at Sellafield. The retrieved waste will be characterisedin the retrievals facility prior to packagingin 3m 3 boxes. Characterisation datagathered will be used as a basis to designa new Waste Treatment Facility. The WTFwill condition the waste into a format forlong term storage and eventual disposalwhen a geological disposal facility (GDF)becomes available.The ‘superstructure’ used to empty the silo willconsist of a reinforced concrete skeletonHoles will be cut into the side of the silo sothat the compartments can be accessed inturn. Trials of this work are under wayA telescopic boom and grab will bedeployed through the new holes in theside of the silo to retrieve the wastePile FuelCladding SiloWaste RetrievalPlantInterim Storage ofUntreated WasteWaste TreatmentPlantOn Site Storage ofTreated Waste

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionHALWorkstream

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 HAL Workstream Highly active liquors are processed in theVitrification Plant where they are turnedinto a stable form in vitrified productcontainers (above)The forward programme for thehighly active liquor (HAL)workstream is to:

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 HAL Workstream HAL Workstream HALES Operations & Maintenance(Including preparations for POCO)Final HALES POCO Evaporator D OnlineEvaporator D Full OperationsActive Safety CommissioningHA Liquor Tanks – preparationfor DecommissioningWVP Lines 1 & 2 Operations & MaintenanceWVP Lines 1 & 2 POCOWVP Line 3 OperationsVPS/REF Operations & MaintenanceThe Highly Active Liquor (HAL)programme scope is to receive highlyactive raffinate from Thorp and Magnoxreprocessing plants. The raffinate isevaporated and stored in Highly ActiveStorage Tanks. The concentrated HALis then vitrified in the Waste VitrificationPlant. The resultant vitrified productcontainers are stored in the VitrifiedProduct Store.HAL evaporation and storage also takesmedium active effluents and concentratearisings. All of these arisings requireevaporation and storage via the HALEvaporation and Storage facilities.Additional evaporative capacity will beprovided by a new evaporator (EvaporatorD – see enablers) which is due to comeonline during the 2014/15 financial yearand will be fully operational during the2016/17 financial year. ReplacementHighly Active Storage Tanks are dueto become available for use during the2017/18 financial year.In the Vitrification Plant, lines 1 and 2are due to cease operations during the2017/18 financial year.The Residue Export Facility which isused to facilitate the return of vitrifiedwaste to its country of origin is currentlyoperational. Operations in this facility aretargeted for completion in 2018.The first high level waste return was safelycompleted in January 2010The construction of a new evaporator onthe Sellafield site, Evaporator D, is wellunder way and will support the ongoingsafe management of HAL

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 HAL Workstream Replacement HASTs onlineComplete OperationsCompletion of Thorp POCO Operations (excluding MASFE)Completion ofMASFE POCOOperationsFinal HALES POCOOperations CeasedPOCO CompleteVPS New BuildREF Operations End Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 HAL Workstream One of the largest projects under wayat Sellafield is the construction of anew evaporator to support continuedreprocessing operations. Until thisproject is complete, reprocessingthroughput will be limited by the capacityof existing evaporators. One of the key waste streams fromreprocessing is the liquid high levelwaste. This waste is separatedout from the reusable uranium andplutonium during reprocessing. Thefirst part of treating this waste is toconcentrate it down in evaporators toreduce its volume in preparation for itsincorporation into glass – a processknown as vitrification, which takes placein the Waste Vitrification Plant. The Residue Export Facility hasstate-of-the-art safety systemswith practical, fit-for-purpose plantand equipment designed to delivercustomers’ requirements.It consists of a series of heavily shieldedcells containing equipment thatprepares, checks and confirms that theproduct canisters meet the requirementsof the customers.With the customer present the canistersare accepted, and then safely loadedinto a shielded flask. The first stage inthis process is for the canisters to beretrieved from Vitrified Product Storeand placed in the Residue Export Facilitywhere there are three main process cells,the cleaning cell (prepares the canisters),the inspection cell and the flasking cell.Two more cells – the buffer and transfercells – are required to assist with thelogistics of loading the flask. Beforetransporting the flask with its loadedcontents of solid waste, it is checkedto confirm it meets the regulatoryrequirements for transport.Historic internal view of a highly activestorage tank at SellafieldA new evaporator is currently underconstruction. The first two modules of thenew evaporator were safely delivered toSellafield by sea in June 2011ThorpReprocessingHA RaffinateMagnoxReprocessingMAEvaporationMA ConcentrateHA BufferTanksHAEvaporatorsA, B, C,HAEvaporator D(New Build)EffluentHALHALHA StorageTanksReplacementHA StorageTanks(New Build)HALHALVitfrified ProductContainersWasteVitrificationPlant (WVP)Long TermStorageUK BasedContainersUK GeologicalDisposalFacilityVitrified ProductStore (VPS)Residue ExportFacility (REF)Replacement VPSProduct Store(New Build)Flasks MaintenanceTransport & RailOverseasReturnsFlasks/ContainersKeyNot in HAL Programme of WorkEffluentManagementInternational NuclearServices (INS)Within the HAL ProgrammeOverseas Customers

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionPCM Treatment& Storage

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 PCM Treatment & Storage During spent fuel reprocessing,fuel fabrication, maintenance,decommissioning, refurbishmentand other site operations, toolsand equipment come into contactwith plutonium and thus becomecontaminated.These wastes are classified as‘plutonium contaminated materials’.Due to the toxicity of plutonium, theseplutonium contaminated materialsare subject to a higher level of controlthan other radioactive wastes such asthose disposed at the Low Level WasteRepository.Plutonium contaminated material atSellafield is classified into several genericgroups, according to their type and howthey are packaged for storage prior totreatment.Mixed plutonium contaminated materialpredominantly consists of a combinationof items such as PVC gloves, PVCprotective suits, small items of plant,hand tools and laboratory equipment.These wastes are double-bagged inheat-sealed PVC linings within mild steel200 litre drums.Whole equipment and dismantled itemsconsist of such things as contaminatedgloveboxes and machinery. These itemsare packaged in crates.Filters are used throughout Sellafield toremove particulate material, includingplutonium containing dust, from air inbuilding ventilation systems. Older filtersare double-wrapped in heat-sealed PVCsheeting. The filters from newer Sellafieldbuildings are cylindrical and designed tofit directly into a 200 litre drum.Plutonium contaminated material istreated at the waste treatment complexon the Sellafield site. The wastetreatment complex provides for thesupercompaction of mixed plutoniumcontaminated material in 200 litre drums.The resulting compacted pucks arestacked in larger 500 litre drums whichare then backfilled with a cement grout.Some of the plutonium contaminated material was retrieved from theLow Level Waste Repository site and returned to Sellafield

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 PCM Treatment & Storage The forward programme forPCM Treatment and Storage atSellafield is to: Receipt Airlocks Breakdown Cell &Glovebox FacilityStoresReceiptStoreOutline process ofwaste management inthe Waste TreatmentComplexAssay Compaction Grout Cure & Export

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 PCM Treatment & Storage PCM Treatment & Waste Treatment Complex TreatmentOperations & MaintenanceEngineered Drum Stores – Storage Operations& MaintenanceEngineered Drum Store 4 – New Build/ConstructionThe plutonium contaminated materialtreatment and storage programme scopetreats and stores plutonium contaminatedmaterial arising from routine operations onthe site or during decommissioning.A plutonium contaminated material wastedrum being loaded into an assay monitorPlutonium contaminated material drumsbeing transported by railPreparing drums of plutoniumcontaminated material for transport

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 PCM Treatment & Storage 20,574.0 25,072.0 21,931.4 67,577.4 253,354.7 320,932.1For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionNupak container inners were developed forthe transport of plutonium contaminatedmaterial from the Low Level WasteRepository to Sellafield

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 PCM Treatment & Storage Engineered Drum Stores have beenconstructed at Sellafield in order toprovide modern fit-for-purpose storagefor intermediate level waste, includingplutonium contaminated material, whichhas been compacted and placed in steeldrums. Plutonium contaminated material istreated at the Waste Treatment Complexon the Sellafield site. The wastetreatment complex provides for thesupercompaction of mixed plutoniumcontaminated material in 200 litre drums.The resulting compacted pucks arestacked in larger 500 litre drums whichare then backfilled with a cement grout. The Engineered Drum Store Assay Suitewill improve the throughput of the WasteTreatment Complex by reclassifyingplutonium contaminated waste belowaccountancy level to the Low LevelWaste Repository. We are developing a business case fora new type of treatment plant which willreplace the Waste Treatment Complex atthe end of its operational lifetime.One of the engineered drum stores whichhave been constructed at Sellafield toprovide modern fit-for-purpose storagefor intermediate level wasteSite ConsignorsThorp, Magnox, Mox, DecommissioningFirst Generation Reprocessing Plants,SEP Conversion, Analytical ServicesPCM Storage EngineeredDrum StoresProduct DrumsUK GeologicalDisposal FacilityHistoric Plutonium ContaminatedMaterial (PCM) Waste Storage FacilitiesFuture PCM EDS BuildingsFuture PCM Treatment andProcessing PlantsKeyWithin the PCM ProgrammeFuture PlantsWaste Treatment ComplexThe Facility will only be available until 2025/26This facility will treat PCM that would previously havebeen treated via WTC, and PCM that is unsuitable fortreatment through WTC (Crates and filters for example)Crate Breakdown Facility

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Risk & Hazard ReductionWindscale

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Windscale The Windscale Pile reactors wereconstructed to support the BritishAtomic programme. The Piles werethe country’s first large scale nuclearreactors producing plutonium for theUK’s nuclear deterrent. Following afire in Pile one in October 1957, bothreactors were shut down. Phase 1decommissioning started in the early1980s and recent work has focused oncarrying out intrusive survey work of thePile 1 core and developing approachesto remove the fuel and isotopes from thefire damaged reactor.In the late 1950s, Windscale waschosen as the setting for a new reactorwhich was to explore the potential ofhigh pressure and temperature gascooledreactor fuel and components.The Windscale Advanced Gas-cooledReactor (WAGR) was constructedbetween 1957 and 1961 and operatedsuccessfully. WAGR was built to studyand prove in service the performanceof gas-cooled fuel elements suitablefor a commercial reactor. It also servedas a test bed for the development ofadvanced fuel and other componentsand provided operational experienceof power production. WAGR was theforerunner of a family of 14 reactors onseven sites built to generate cheaperand more efficient electricity in the UK.WAGR has been a decommissioningdemonstration project, showingthat a full sized reactor can bedecommissioned safely, cost-effectivelyand in an environmentally acceptablemanner. The decommissioning ofthe reactor within WAGR was safelycompleted in May 2011, significantlyreducing the hazard associated with theiconic ‘golf ball’ structure.The iconic Windscale Advanced GascooledReactor under construction atSellafieldThe giant reactor vessel was loweredinto the Windscale Advanced Gas-cooledReactor through the roofThe completed Windscale AdvancedGas-cooled Reactor became known as‘the golf ball’

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Windscale The Windscale programme is subject to anumber of deferrals which will allow us tomove resources to complete higher hazardwork at SellafieldThe forward programme for theclean-up and decommissioning ofthe Windscale site: Decommissioning operations under wayat Windscale

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Windscale Active Handling Facility – Tenant OperationsDecommissioning Western AreaDecommissioning Redundant ActiveHandling FacilityThe Windscale programme constitutesan area which is presently subject to aseparate Nuclear Site Licence, within theSellafield Ltd boundary. The scope of theprogramme is to reduce hazards throughthe decommissioning and demolitionprogrammes of legacy nuclear facilitiesand the environmental restoration ofthe site.Due to the fact that the Windscaleprogramme is not on the critical path,the programme has been subject to anumber of deferrals, this has allowedtime and funding to be transferred tohigher hazard work.In the Active Handling Facility thecave refurbishment project is due forcompletion during the 2025/26financial year.The Pile 1 Fuel and Isotope RemovalCapital Phase is scheduled to startin the 2017/18 financial year. Forfurther details on the decommissioningof the Pile Chimney please see theDecommissioning section of theSellafield Plan.The giant reactor vessel was removedfrom the Windscale Advanced Gas-cooledReactor the same way it went in –through the roofThere were originally two pile reactorsand associated chimneysOne of the pile chimneys has been safelydecommissioned and dismantled

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Windscale Cave Refurbishment Complete 21,152.3 18,388.7 18,016.5 57,557.5 178,142.7 235,700.2For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionThe view of the pile chimney cappedafter being dismantledDecommissioning under way inside theWindscale Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 WindscaleThe decommissioning of theremaining Pile Chimney willcontinue throughout thisperiod. Further information onthe project can be found in theDecommissioning section ofthe Sellafield Plan.Active Handling Facility (AHF)Integrated SafetyImprovementProgrammeRedundant Active Handling Facility (RAHF)Preparations for RetrievalsPiles 1 & 2RAHF ILW Removedto WEP & MBGWSRAHF ILW RetrievalsAHF Tenant Operations supporting Windscalecommercial operations and potentially Sellafield HighHazard Programmes.AHF Tenant OperationsSupporting Sellafield HighHazard Programmes &UK Nuclear IndustryLong Term Asset CareImprovementsEnvironmental PermissionsObstruction RemovalFuel & Isotope (F&I)Removal Design andConstructionWestern AreaWAGR Reactor Core RetrievalsWAGR ILW Conditionedin WAGR StoreF&I Retrievalsand EncapsulationWAGR Sphere & Bioshield C&MWAGR ILW Conditionedin WAGR StorePiles 1 & 2 Care &Maintenance (C&M)WAGR PIE Facility RetrievalsWAGR ILW Storage & SurveillanceAcronymsMBGWS: Miscellaneous Beta Gamma Waste StoreWAGR: Windscale Advanced Gas-cooled ReactorPIE: Post Irradiation ExaminationWEP: Waste Encapsulation Plant

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Spent Fuel ManagementMagnoxReprocessing

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Reprocessing There are two nuclear fuel reprocessingplants at Sellafield. The Thermal OxideReprocessing Plant (Thorp) dealswith fuel from British Advanced GascooledReactors (AGR) and Light WaterReactors (LWR) from around the world.For more information please see theThorp section of the Sellafield Plan.The second deals with Magnox fuel fromBritain’s early nuclear reactors, like theones which were used at Calder Hallpower station at Sellafield which ceasedgeneration in March 2003.Before it can be reprocessed, irradiatedMagnox fuel must be stored for at least180 days in ponds to allow short livedfission products to decay. Followingtransport to Sellafield and a period offurther storage the cladding (magnesiumalloy) is removed from the uranium bar.This all happens in the Fuel HandlingPlant. The fuel is then transferred to theMagnox Reprocessing Plant.The main Magnox Reprocessing plantbegan operations in 1964.The reprocessing operation withinMagnox Reprocessing entails thedissolution of the irradiated uraniumrods in nitric acid. The solution is thensubject to a series of solvent extractionprocesses in which the uranium,plutonium and fission products areseparated into three different streams.These streams are directed to otherplants at Sellafield where the uranium, inthe form of uranium nitrate, is convertedto solid uranium trioxide; the plutonium,in the form of plutonium nitrate, isconverted to plutonium oxide, and thefission products, in the form of nitricliquor, are stored in Highly Active StorageTanks before being vitrified. For moreinformation on the vitrification processplease see the HAL Workstream sectionof the Sellafield Plan.The Magnox Reprocessing Plant atSellafield is the only one of its kind inthe UK. As such the plant has a vitalrole in supporting risk and hazardreduction operations across the NuclearDecommissioning Authority’s estateby reprocessing fuel which is beingretrieved from operating and closedMagnox power stations. This work is coordinatedthrough the Magnox OperatingProgramme.It will also support risk and hazardreduction at Sellafield by reprocessingthe fuel which will be retrieved from theCalder Hall station on site.Historic photograph showing the MagnoxReprocessing Plant under constructionHistoric external view of the MagnoxReprocessing PlantSpent Magnox Fuel arrives at Sellafieldas Magnox Fuel Elements

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Magnox Reprocessing We will safely reprocess spent Magnox fuel,supporting the defuelling of the Magnoxpower stations. We will also safely managethe waste generated (above)In order to safely operate and eventually decommissionthe Magnox Reprocessing facilities the solution is to: The outside of the fuel element – the swarf– is stripped off during reprocessing. Thisswarf is encapsulated in grout filled drumsat Sellafield

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Reprocessing MagnoxReprocessing Calder Hall DefuellingCalder Hall – Handover to DecommissioningDefuelling CompleteFuel Handling Plant Magnox Flask HandlingMagnox ReprocessingCompletion of Magnox ReprocessingMagnox Encapsulation Plant OperationsUO 3 transfers to Capenhurst StorageUO 3 Transfers CompleteThe Magnox Reprocessing Programmeconstitutes the facilities to maintain thereceipt of and to reprocess Magnox fuelto support the operation and end-oflifedefuelling programmes of the UKMagnox Reactors.The Magnox Reprocessing Plant willsupport the defuelling of the CalderHall station at Sellafield which ceasedgeneration in 2003. The Calder Halldefuelling programme is expected tobegin during 2012/13 and is due to becompleted at the end of the 2015/16financial year.Magnox Reprocessing operations atSellafield are scheduled for completionin 2017 with operations in the MagnoxEncapsulation Plant expected to endduring 2021.UO 3 transfers to Capenhurst for storagewill continue until the end of 2016/17financial year.The defuelling of Calder Hall is part ofthe Magnox Reprocessing Programmeand is due to be completed during the2015/16 financial year. Once defuellinghas been completed Calder Hall willtransfer to the DecommissioningProgramme.Over forty years of operations withinMagnox ReprocessingRemoval of ducts from the Calder Hallreactors at SellafieldMagnox Reprocessing will support thedefuelling operations at the Calder Hallstation at Sellafield

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Magnox Reprocessing Start of Safestore PreparationsMEP Operations Cease 85,361.1 85,806.9 80,187.7 251,355.8 619,742.8 871,098.6For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Magnox Reprocessing Covering over 5.3 acres on the Sellafieldsite, the Fuel Handling Plant (FHP) isresponsible for receiving, storing andmechanically processing spent nuclearfuel from Magnox and Advanced GascooledReactor (AGR) stations fromacross the UK.Having undergone a preliminaryinspection, Magnox and AGR flasksare transferred to FHP using the site railsystem.The fuel is removed from the transportflask and then transferred into thestorage pond where it remains for apredetermined period of time to allow theshort lived fission products to decay.After the storage period is over, the fuel isthen transferred into the decanner facility(for Magnox fuel) or alternatively the AGRdismantler for AGR fuel.In order to be able to reprocess theMagnox fuel rod, its outer cladding mustfirst be stripped off. By using speciallydesigned remote control equipment, thecladding is peeled off into small pieces afew centimetres in length.The waste itself is made up primarily ofthe cladding or ‘swarf’ from fuel elementsthat have been used in Magnox nuclearpower stations.The Magnox fuel cladding is removed andthe uranium metal bar is loaded into amagazine and transferred into a shieldedtransport flask. It is then taken across thesite to the Magnox reprocessing plant. The Magnox Encapsulation Plant atSellafield was designed to process solid,intermediate-level radioactive waste,packaging it into a convenient form whichprovides for efficient and simple handling,transport and storage.The encapsulation process takes placeinside heavily shielded concrete cellswhich ensures maximum operatorprotection from the radioactive swarf.The Fuel Handling Plant receives spentMagnox fuel and stores it before it is sentacross site to the Magnox Reprocessing PlantIntermediate level waste, in the formof swarf, is processed in the MagnoxEncapsulation PlantSIXEPCalder HallSpent Fuel fromMagnox Stations(External to site)Magnox FuelMagnox FuelInletPond waterfor coolingFuel HandlingPlantPond EffluentSludgesMagnoxSwarfMagnoxEncapsulationPlantOn Site Storageof Treated WasteDecanned FuelVitrificationConditioning andTreatment EARPHighly ActiveEvaporatorsILWStreamsHALMagnoxReprocessingUraniumNitratePlutoniumNitrateUraniumFinishingPlutoniumFinishingUO3PuO2Uranium OxideProduct (drums)Plutonium OxideProduct (cans)KeyWithin Magnox ProgrammeOutside Magnox ProgrammeLow ActiveEffluentSegregatedEffluentTreatment Plant

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Spent Fuel ManagementOngoing Receiptof AGR Fuel

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Ongoing Receipt of AGR Fuel Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR)fuel is received into the Fuel HandlingPlant at Sellafield.Within the Fuel Handling Plant thefuel is dismantled using the AGR fueldismantler.Thorp Receipt and Storage willprovide interim storage for fuel thatis not reprocessed through Thorp,pending packaging and disposal to theGeological Disposal Facility.The programme scope includes all ofthe oxide fuel storage facilities on theSellafield site: storage (shared with the MagnoxReprocessing Programme) pond The programme also includes: handling plant be built) for the export of AGR fueland Wet Inlet Facility fuel to the UKGeological Disposal Facility Fuel Management (FHP, AGR Pond and TR&S) Review of Oxide Fuel StrategyOngoing Receipts of AGR FuelProject Work CompleteLWR Pond Operations & MaintenanceExport Fuel from the LWR PondExport of Fuel CompleteExport Incompatible MEBs from TR&SOngoing receipts of AGR fuel and LWRpond operations and maintenance willcontinue throughout this period.Multi-element bottles (MEBs) incompatiblewith future closed storage pondconditions will be exported from ThorpReceipt and Storage. This work will becompleted during 2018/19 financial year.Spent nuclear fuel is kept in storageponds on the Sellafield site for a periodof coolingFlasks are maintained on behalf ofthe customer in the Cuboid FlaskMaintenance Facility

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Ongoing Receipt of AGR Fuel When delivered to the Sellafield site,spent AGR fuel is dismantled in the fuelhandling plant Export of Incompatible MEBs Complete Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Ongoing Receipt of AGR Fuel cont.Ongoing Receipt of AGR Fuel An internal view of the AGR fuel dismantler AGR fuel Inside Thorp receipt and storage ThorpShearLLW MEBsMulti Element BottleInterim StorageILW MEBsFuelMEB DisposalLight WaterReactor PondEngineered ProductStoreAGR DismantlerWaste StoreILWFuelAssembliesAGR FuelFuelRacks toWheelabratorFacilityThorp Receiptand StorageAGRFuel1st Generation AGRPond Buffer StorageAGRFuelFuel that is not reprocessed in Thorp will be interim stored in TR&S pendingconditioning and disposal to the GDFAGR DismantlerFuel Handling PlantStoreEmpty Skips

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Spent Fuel ManagementThorp Reprocessing

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Thorp Reprocessing The Thorp reprocessing plant at Sellafieldcombines all the facilities necessary forreprocessing spent oxide fuel under oneroof.The construction of Thorp was oneof the world’s most complex civilengineering projects employing up to5,000 contractors on site and supportinga further 10,000 with suppliers andsubcontractors. Construction beganon the Thorp Head End and ChemicalSeparation plants in 1985 and the firstfuel was sheared in 1994.Thorp’s operations are divided into threemain areas: spent fuel is chopped up anddissolved in nitric acid plutonium and waste products areseparated outAfter 3 to 4 years in a reactor nuclear fuelbecomes less efficient so is removed.97% of the spent fuel can be recycledto produce new fuel (96% uranium, 1%plutonium). The rest is nuclear waste.Transport flasks containing spent fuelfrom the power stations are delivered byrail to the Sellafield site.On arrival at Sellafield the fuel is removedfrom the transport flasks underwater andstored in storage ponds to allow the fuelto cool further before reprocessing.The empty flasks are sent for cleaningand quality checks before beingreturned to the power station foranother consignment.Once the fuel has cooled sufficiently itis monitored and transferred from thestorage pond to the Head End Plantshear cave where the fuel is chopped intosections. The fuel drops into a basketin a dissolver vessel where the fuel isdissolved in nitric acid. The fuel claddingremains in the basket.The dissolved fuel liquor is forwardedto the chemical separation plant withinThorp, where solvent extraction takesplace to separate the 3% wastes from the96% uranium and 1% plutonium.The wastes from this process are sentto the High Level Waste plants forconcentration, storage and eventualconversion to glass. The uraniumand plutonium are converted to oxidepowders and stored. Both the uraniumand the plutonium can be recycled andmanufactured into new uranium oxide orMixed Oxide (MOX) fuels.Thorp has dispatched over 1,200 tonnesof uranium for customers to recycleback into new fuel, this will save morethan 14 million tonnes of CO 2 from fossilfuel generation.Spent oxide nuclear fuel is sent toSellafield by rail and is delivered to thereceipt and storage part of ThorpOnce inside Thorp Receipt and Storage thefuel is removed from its transport flask

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Thorp Reprocessing Our commitment is to safely reprocess fuelthrough the Thorp facility in line with ourcontractual arrangementsIn order to safely fulfil Thorp Reprocessing Contractsthe solution is to: The fuel is placed into cooling ponds withinThorp for a period of cooling

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Thorp Reprocessing Thorp Reprocessing THORP Head End and ChemicalPlant ReprocessingTHORP Feed Pond Long Term OperationsTHORP Uranium Product Storage OpsTHORP LETP New BuildWaste Encapsulation Plant (WEP)Treatment OperationsTHORP Preparation for Decommissioning(Including Assessment & Implementation Phase)THORP POCOOxide fuel is reprocessed in the Thermal as Thorp. The products are storedin the plutonium and uranium stores. as intermediate level waste in the WasteEncapsulation Plant and exported to theEncapsulated Product Stores. scheduled to end in 2018, althoughpreparation for the decommissioning ofThorp will begin before this date.Operations in the associated WasteEncapsulation Plant are expected to endin 2022/23.The Post Operational Clean Out (POCO)operations in Thorp are scheduled tobegin in 2018 once reprocessing hasstopped and is scheduled for completionin 2021.Thorp will continue to shear sufficient fuel to maintain capacity to always placeinto storage fuel that is despatched reactor operator lives the precise finallifetime tonnage is variable. Sellafield its plans to be able to maintain ongoingoperational storage capacity for routine receipts can be found in the Ongoing Sellafield Plan.The construction of Thorp was the singlelargest construction project of its kindin the UKThorp received its first fuel into thebuilding in 1994 for shearingA £20m project was completed to installa replacement Medium Active Salt FreeEvaporator (MASFE) into Thorp. This was apredicted activity in the plant design

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Thorp Reprocessing Cessation of ReprocessingCompletion of WEP OperationsCompletion of Thorp POCO Operations (excluding MASFE)Completion of MASFE POCO Operations Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentiality Thorp recently reprocessed its 6,600thtonne of fuelMulti-element bottles (MEBs), used to storeLight Water Reactor fuel in Thorp, are beingremoved, creating more room in the pond

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Thorp ReprocessingThe Performance Plan shows that Thorpwill complete its contractual reprocessingcommitments in 2018. However, we areactively pursuing options to meet theserequirements as early as possible.This work includes: The Waste Encapsulation Plant is agroup of buildings which consists ofthe Main Process Building, the ServicesBuilding and the Silo and Grout WashingsBuilding. The plant encapsulatesintermediate level waste and its primarypurpose is to support Thorp, howeverit can also treat other intermediate levelwaste streams. One of the key waste streams fromreprocessing is the liquid high levelwaste. This waste is separatedout from the reusable uranium andplutonium during reprocessing. Thefirst part of treating this waste is toconcentrate it down in evaporators toreduce its volume in preparation for its known as vitrification, which takes placein the Waste Vitrification Plant. One of the largest projects under wayat Sellafield is the construction of anew evaporator to support continuedreprocessing operations and the PostOperational Clean Out (POCO) of thehighly active waste treatment plants. Untilthis project is complete, reprocessingthroughput will be limited by the capacityof existing evaporators. All overseas reprocessing contractssigned since 1976 contain a return ofwaste clause. This means that the wasteassociated with reprocessing overseascustomers’ spent fuel belongs to thecustomers and will be returned to them.In 2010 we started returning vitrified highlevel waste to customers in both Japanand Europe. UO 3 product from processing overseascustomer fuels will be despatched forrecycle or storage by the customers. This UK owned UO 3 product will be retainedat Sellafield until a decision on its futuremanagement has been made. overseas came in multi-element bottles(MEBs). These MEBs must be removedfrom the Thorp pond to prepare it for There are various options that we areexploring which could enable accelerationof the removal of MEBs to prepare the early as possible. These include: waste despatch to storage facility capacity by building a further storagefacilityFuel is taken to the Fuel Handling Plantfor cooling before being transferred toThorp for reprocessingThe programme of returning vitrified highlevel waste started in 2010The construction of a new evaporator, whichis being delivered to Sellafield in modularform by sea, will support reprocessingoperations in Thorp

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Thorp ReprocessingThorp PondsReprocessing Buffer1st Generation OxidePond Historic LWRProgramme ScopeIn CleanFuelMEBs OutILWLLWInterim Store (MEBs)Feed PondFuelWaste EncapsulationPlantILWReprocessingHighly Active RaffinateHigh LevelWaste PlantUranium ProductStoreUO3LLW/ILW/PCM/MBGWPuPu Finishing Lineand StoreSellafield Mox PlantLiquid EffluentSolid WasteAerial/Effluent The vitrification plant at Sellafield processesthe high level waste produced in Thorp andturns it into a solid stable form

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Spent Fuel ManagementThe Wet InletFacility (WIF)

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 WIFThe Plan 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17WIF Ops & MaintenanceLWR Pond (Old Side) POCOThe Wet Inlet Facility (WIF) Programmeincludes the short to mediumterm storage of customer fuel andcomponents in the ‘old’ side of the FirstGeneration Oxide Fuel Storage Pond.It also includes the transfer of fuel andcomponents from the First GenerationOxide Fuel Storage Pond to the WIF, thereceipt of fuel from off site to the WIFand the long term storage of fuel withinthe WIF.WIF operations and maintenance willcontinue throughout the reportingperiod. Post Operational Clean Out(POCO) work on the ‘old’ side of theFirst Generation Oxide Fuel StoragePond will begin after 2022.Receipts of fuel from customers’ facilitiesare accepted directly into the WIF. Flasksand flasking infrastructure (lifting beamsetc) that support customers’ flasks aremaintained on behalf of our customers inthe Flask Maintenance Facility which isoperated as an external facility.An elevated view of the WIFThe WIF storage pond is used to storecustomer fuelFlask Maintenance Facility

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 WIF 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 2022/23 2023/24 2024/25 2025/26 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2011/12 2014/15 2011/12Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionWIF ProgrammeUsed Fuel FlasksOff SiteCustomer FuelSite CaveFacilityPIEFuelOld SideLWR PondFuel &ComponentsWet Inlet Facility(WIF) & WIFConditioning PlantExportUK GeologicalDisposal FacilityClassified itemsfor destructionand disposal

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011DecommissioningSellafield SiteDecommissioning

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Sellafield Site Decommissioning FacilitiesThe Decommissioning Programmeat Sellafield includes the strategy andpreparation for decommissioning andfuture decommissioning. It excludes thespecific decommissioning of facilitieswhich are currently operational orsubject to retrieval operations, these arecovered within the scope of the relevantprogramme area.The programme lists the physicaldecommissioning of: analytical services, remainder is done in their homeprogrammes once operations and Post Operational A range of decommissioning activitiesneed to be carried out in redundantbuildings before they can be demolishedA number of redundant facilities at Sellafieldhave already been decommissioned anddemolished, making room for new facilitieswhich will support risk and hazard reduction

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Sellafield Site Decommissioning The Windscale pile chimneys will be fullydecommissioned and demolished as part of thisprogramme. The associated pile reactors sit inthe Windscale Programme.The strategic objectives are: segregation of waste into intermediate waste will be returned to the cell until be decommissioned and demolished. decommissioned and demolisheddown to approximately 35m level. Theremaining structure will then be placedunder care and maintenance along with final decommissioning of the pile reactors remaining pile chimney structures will bedemolished. phase, focus is on removing theventilation system, followed bydecommissioning and demolition of thebuilding. operations have finished, followed by aprogramme of decommissioning anddemolition of the building. Once the compound is no longeroperational we will continue tomonitor it before completing interimdecommissioning and demolition. Theresultant land will be the first to be decommissioning of specific laboratories.The long term decommissioning anddemolition sits as part of the InfrastructureProgramme. specific zones within the facility. Theremaining decommissioning and Safe Storage of Plutonium Programme. decontamination and demolition can becompleted. The final decommissioning Management Programme. waste inventory is under way, then thewall will be resealed and the moduledecontaminated. The remaining Programme.A number of buildings have already beensafely decommissioned and demolished

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Sellafield Site Decommissioning Sellafield SiteDecommissioning Pile 1 Chimney Dismantle Phase 2FSEP Purification Plant Phase 3A(Including Operations)Solid Waste Storage Cells OperationsWaste & Effluent Drum Store PCM Storage,Drum Store DemolitionDemolition CompleteNorth Group Compound DemolitionHA Liquor Tank Phase 6 RemainingMOX Demonstration FacilityALPHA DecommissioningCompletion of Caesium Plant DecommissioningLA Effluent Treatment PlantLA Effluent Treatment Plant OverbuildingSEP Research Development – LabLab 188, 194 and 195 Decommissioning CompleteZones 2&3 Decommissioning MaintenanceAlpha Decommissioning Plant OperationsTargeted R&T for DecommissioningDemolishing redundant buildings frees upvital space on the Sellafield site for newfacilities to support our risk and hazardreduction workThe separation area research laboratoryforms part of the DecommissioningProgrammeThe demolition of redundant plutoniumcontaminated material drum stores (above)will be completed during 2016/17

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Sellafield Site Decommissioning Decontamination CompleteOverbuilding Complete

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Sellafield Site Decommissioning cont.The Sellafield DecommissioningProgramme is a group of projectscovering facilities across the Sellafieldsite, where decommissioning is currentlybeing carried out.The programme includes thestrategy and preparation for futuredecommissioning but excludes thespecific decommissioning of all futurefacilities and all facilities which arecurrently operational or subject toretrievals operations.Key highlights of the decommissioningprogramme include the following: financial year. Drum Store was completed in the early the electrical substation which is still demolished releasing the whole of thefootprint for alternative use. decommissioning is scheduled for the The construction of an overbuilding is scheduled for completion during Treatment Plant will begin. 31,719.8 31,183.0 28,896.2 91,799.0 410,323.3 502,122.3 The dismantling of the pile chimney willcontinue during this periodThe decommissioning of the Caesiumplant is scheduled for completion in2012/13

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Sellafield Site Decommissioning This Programme includes the strategyand preparation for decommissioningand future decommissioning, it excludesthe specific decommissioning of facilitieswhich are currently operational orsubject to retrieval operations, theseare within the scope of the specific Safety is central to allof our decommissioningactivities including the careof our employees and theenvironmentSellafield DecommissioningSolid WasteStorage CellsPile ChimneySEP PurificationPlantCarry out characterisation and segregation of waste into ILW and LLW. LLW will be consigned to theLLWR and ILW will be returned to the cell until the Box Encapsulation Plant is available. When the cellsare empty, the facility will be decommissioned and demolished.Following the demolition of Pile 1 chimney to approximately 35m level the remaining structure will beplaced under care and maintenance along with the Pile 2 remaining structure. Following finaldecommissioning of the pile reactors under the Windscale programme, the remaining pile chimneystructures will be demolished.Currently in the interim decommissioning phase, focus is on removing the ventilation system, followedby decommissioning and demolition of the building.Fuel FabricationFacilitiesMonitor facilities in a quiescent state, followed by decommissioning and demolition of the building.North GroupCompoundAnalyticalServices LabsMonitor compound in a quiescent state, followed by completion of interim decommissioning anddemolition. The zone will then be one of the first areas to be transferred to the Land andGroundwater Remediation Programme.Continue with interim decommissioning of specific laboratories only. The long term decommissioningand demolition is within the Infrastructure Programme.SEP ProductFinishing &Storage facilityDecommissioning and demolition of specific zones, the remaining decommissioning anddecontamination is within the Safe Storage of Plutonium Programme.LA EffluentTreatment TankHA Liquor TankFunctionsFollowing recovery of effluent from the identified tanks, decontamination and decommissioning can becompleted. The final decommissioning is within the Effluent Management Programme.Removing the ILW inventory is under way, then the wall will be resealed and the module decontaminated.The remaining decommissioning is within the HAL Programme, dismantling of the module will be alignedto this.The Sellafield Decommissioning Programme carries a provision for functional support for futuredecommissioning strategy to the wider Sellafield Site; support to both the Programme and widerdecommissioning directorate.

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Nuclear MaterialsOverseasPu Return

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Overseas Pu Return MOX Operations End of MOXOperationsMOX Post-Operative Clean-OutMOX Surveillance and Maintenance The overseas return of plutonium scopecomprises the Sellafield MOX Plantwhich converts overseas plutoniumderived from reprocessing into new fuelfor export to customers.Current contracted business in theSellafield MOX Plant is due to becompleted in 2016 after which timethe plant will go into a phase of PostOperational Clean Out (POCO), unlessfurther contracts are agreed.International Nuclear Services is indiscussions with all customers abouthow they wish to have their plutoniummanaged.The Sellafield MOX plant converts overseasplutonium derived from reprocessing intonew fuel for export to customersThe control room inside the SellafieldMOX plantA dry laboratory inside the SellafieldMOX plant

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Overseas Pu ReturnOverseas Pu Return Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionA powder blender inside the SellafieldMOX PlantDry lab pellet end inspection equipmentinside the Sellafield MOX PlantPellet press inside the Sellafield MOX plant

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Overseas Pu ReturnThe Sellafield MOX Plant (SMP) usesplutonium separated from used nuclearfuel during reprocessing and recyclesit into new MOX fuel. MOX fuel is avaluable source of energy and one tonneof plutonium, when recycled as MOX,can generate the same energy as wellover 2 million tonnes of coal.Customers send their used nuclearfuel to Sellafield to be reprocessed.Reprocessing involves the chemicalseparation of the 1% plutonium and96% uranium, from the 3% wasteproducts. Reprocessing customersretain ownership of these materials andrecycling the plutonium into MOX fuelallows customers to unlock the energyby making new fuel from old fuel.MOX fuel contains uranium andplutonium oxide powders which aremilled and mixed together in the correctproportions for the particular MOX fueldesign required. The MOX powder isthen pressed into MOX fuel pellets whichrange in size and contain approximately5% plutonium.These pellets are sintered in hightemperature furnaces which turns theMOX into a hard ceramic material.Following grinding to the exact size andnumerous inspections, MOX pelletsare then loaded into MOX fuel rods.Finally, fuel rods are built into MOX fuelassemblies or bundles in the correct arrayto fit the particular customer’s reactor.The whole process requires a hugeamount of precision and quality controlinspections to ensure a high qualityproduct that performs optimally in thecustomers’ reactors. Typically, reactoroperators load up to one third areactor core with MOX fuel in place ofuranium fuel.A large amount of work in the SellafieldMOX plant is done using gloveboxesOnce manufactured the mixed-oxide fuelis transported to customersUranium(UO 2 )MOX PLANTUO 2 PlutoniumOxide(PuO 2 )PuO 2 Blending Rod Fill and Sellafield MOX Plant Scope: MOX Fuel

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Nuclear MaterialsSafe Storageof Pu

2 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Safe Storage of PuThe safe storage of plutoniumprogramme consists of the facilities andactivities that produce plutonium dioxideand all of the associated facilities. It alsoincludes those facilities and activitiesthat are and will be required to treat and/or repackage plutonium product andresidues to facilitate the safe ongoingstorage of the stock of civil plutoniumat Sellafield.We are safely storing over 100 tonnesof material at Sellafield.The Sellafield Product and ResidueStore (SPRS) is now operational andwill remain so for the duration of thisreporting period. Work on the SPRSretreatment construction project willbe complete during the 2023/24financial year.Plutonium containers 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2011/12-2013/14 2014/15-2025/26 2011/12-2025/26Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionOur primary strategic objective for thisprogramme is the continued safe andsecure storage of the inventory

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Safe Storage of Pu Safe Storage of Pu

4 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Safe Storage of Pu 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17Magnox Pu Storage OperationsStore 9 Export Facility ConstructionPu Residue Conditioning & StorageStart of Active CommissioningPu Residue Conditioning & Storage OperationSEP Prod Finishing & Storage OperationsTHORP HE&CP Oxide Pu Plant FinishingLine (TPFL) OpsTHORP HE&CP Oxide Pu Plant FinishingLine (TPFL) POCOSellafield Product & Residues Store (SPRS)SPRS OperationalSellafield Product & Residues Store – OperationsSPRS Retreatment Construction ProjectSEP Prod Finishing & Storage Replacementof CIDAS SystemPF+S POCO Projects

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Safe Storage of Pu 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 2022/23 2023/24 2024/25 2025/26ConstructionCompletePU Residue Conditioning & Storage Operation CommencesThorp Finishing Line CompleteConstruction Project CompletePOCO Complete

6 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Safe Storage of Pu PuO2Sellafield MOXPlantThorp HE&CSPlantDecommissioningProjectsMagnoxSeparationProgramme ScopePuNitratePuNitrateThorpConversion PlantPu ResiduesPu ResiduesSEP Conversion(Finishing)PuO2Thorp PuProduct StoreSEP StoragePuO2 andPu ResiduesPuO2 andPu ResiduesPu ResiduesPuO2 and Pu ResiduesImmobilisationFacilityRetreatmentPlantPu ResiduesSellafield Product& Residue Store(SPRS)Extensions toSPRSLong Termstorage of Puand residuesin SPRSKeyPotential future streamHistorical Pu Arisings and associatedHazard Reduction activitiesAerial Effluent

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Waste ManagementEffluentManagement

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Effluent Management Effluent management at Sellafield iscarried out in two groups of plants.The first is the low active effluentplants and includes; the EnhancedActinide Removal Plant (EARP), theSolvent Treatment Plant (STP), the SaltEvaporator Plant (SEP), the SeparationArea Lagoon, the Medium Active LiquorTank Farm and the Segregated EffluentTreatment Plant.The second is the Site Ion ExchangePlant, also known as SIXEP. This facility was designed to removesolids and soluble radioactive caesiumand strontium from pond water purgesprior to discharge, store waste solidsfrom this process and to help maintainthe thermal conditions of the pond waterin the Fuel Handling Plant. This facility provides buffer capacityfor day-to-day plant operations in bothThorp and Magnox reprocessing plants.It also provides an interim storage facilityfor solvent and aqueous liquors beforethey are processed in the EnhancedActinide Removal Plant and the SolventTreatment Plant. This facility supports plants associatedwith both Thorp and Magnoxreprocessing. It provides the means forthe removal of radioactive componentsfrom liquid waste streams. This building supports the operation ofthe Thorp and Magnox reprocessingplants. Its function is to evaporate high‘salt’ liquors that would otherwise limitthe evaporation factors achieved in otheron-site evaporators. This facility is used for the treatment ofwaste solvent from Thorp, Magnox andhistoric solvent in storage. It is the onlyUK facility which can processradioactive solvent. The Segregated Effluent Treatment Plantreceives, neutralises and buffer-storeslow active effluents to facilitate samplingand analysis prior to discharge to theBreak Pressure Tank and to sea. This lagoon provides a collection anddischarge facility for surface waterdrainage and pumped groundwater fromthe Separation Area – which is hometo some of the oldest buildings on theSellafield site.The Enhanced Actinide Removal Plantremoves radioactive components fromradioactive waste streamsThe lagoon provides a collection anddischarge facility for surface water drainageand pumped groundwater from theseparation area of siteThe Site Ion Exchange Plant helps tomaintain thermal conditions of the fuelhandling plant (above)

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Effluent Management Effluent will continue to be safely managed intwo groups of plants; the low active effluentplants and the Site Ion Exchange Plant

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Effluent Management SIXEP OperationsSIXEP Waste Retrievals Project & FSTR ProjectSIXEP Waste Retrievals OperationsSIXEP Contingency Plant ConstructionMA Liquor Tank Farm Storage OperationsMA Tanks Local Treatment Plant – ConstructionOverbuildings for MA Liquor Tank Farmand Active Tank FarmActive Tank Farm OpsEARP and EPMF OperationsSalt Evaporation Plant Treatment OperationsSalt Evaporation Plant POCOSolvent Treatment Plant Treatment OperationsSolvent Treatment Plant POCOSegregated Effluent Treatment PlantLow Active Effluent Plant POCOPreparation for POCO CommencesSellafield Active Discharge Management ProjectEffluent Plants Decommissioning

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Effluent Management Waste Retrievals Operations CommenceSIXEP ContingencyPlant CompletedOperationsCompleteConstructionCompleteActive Liquor OverbuildingConstructionOperations CompletePOCO CompletePreparation for POCO CommencesOperations CompletePOCO CompletePOCO CompleteCommissioning Complete

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Effluent Management Effluent Management

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan Effluent ManagementThe Effluent Management programmeconsists of two distinct groups of plants;the Low Active Effluent Plants and theSite Ion Exchange Plant.The primary objective of the Site IonExchange Plant at this time is to supportthe Fuel Handling Plant in the deliveryof the Magnox Operating Programme.In the future, the Site Ion ExchangePlant will play a key role in the LegacyPonds and Silos remediation strategy.Consequently the plant is beingenhanced by a number of improvementsincluding a waste retrievals project whichwill retrieve sludge and spent sand/clinoptilolite for encapsulation in theSellafield Direct Encapsulation Plant.These sludge and clinoptilolite retrievalsare scheduled to begin in 2023/24.Storage of medium active (MA) liquideffluent in the Medium Active EffluentTank Farm was originally scheduled tobe completed at the end of the 2023/24financial year. The performance plancompletion date shows an accelerationof twelve months with an improvedcompletion date of the end of the2022/23 financial year. Active Tank Farmoperations will also end at this time.Post Operational Clean Out (POCO)operations will be completed in theSalt Evaporation Plant and the SolventTreatment Plant in 2023/24; and inthe Low Active Effluent Plant during2018/19. 37,648.3 39,763.8 48,761.0 126,173.1 1,242,912.1 1,369,085.2For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionClinoptilolite is a sand product used in theSite Ion Exchange Plant. In the coming yearsthis material will be retrieved from the plantand transferred to bulk storage tanksThe Solvent Treatment Plant at Sellafieldis the only UK facility which can processradioactive solvent

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Effluent ManagementThe Effluent Management programmeas a whole is an essential enablingprogramme. The diagram belowillustrates its relationship with otheroperational and decommissioningfacilities.The Site Ion Exchange Plant will continue toplay a role in supporting the safe managementof effluent at SellafieldLow Active Effluent PlantsSea Discharge viaBreak PressureTankSegregated EffluentTreatment PlantEnhanced ActinideRemoval PlantWaste Packagingand EncapsulationPlantDrum StoresLow Risk LADrain LiquorsSolvent TreatmentPlant LiquorsSalt EvaporatorConcentrateMA/LA Liquors inc.Magnox and ThorpFloc RetrievalSite Ion ExchangePlant (SIXEP)Sand/Clino & SludgeSIXEP WasteRetrieval (SWR)Silos DirectEncapsulationPlantDrum StoresSIXEP or SIXEPContingency PlantSea Discharge viaBreak PressureTankFHP Purge FlowEncapsulationPlant EffluentsSettling TanksKeyIn ProgrammeOutside ProgrammeSludge PackagingPlant (SPP1)First GenerationMagnox StoragePondSolid Waste StorageSilo LiquorsFirst GenerationAGR StoragePond Purge

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Waste ManagementILW Treatmentand Storage

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 ILW Treatment and Storage An integrated nuclear wastemanagement programme is in placeat Sellafield which seeks to reducewaste volumes arising as part of currentcommercial activities as well as historicaloperations, ensuring that waste is storedsafely, minimising the risk to the publicand environment.Early waste management activitiesinvolved the storage of untreated wastefrom the first generation reprocessingoperations associated with the militaryprogramme which took place at Sellafieldduring the 1950s. Waste arising fromthe programme was historically held inponds and silos with no plans for futuretreatment and disposal.Intermediate level waste (ILW) includesmaterials such as fuel element cladding,contaminated equipment, radioactivesludge and plutonium contaminatedmaterial that arises from both historicaland current operations.At Sellafield, ILW is put into stainlesssteel drums, which are then filled withcement grouting before being placedinto a special above-ground storagefacility on the site.The task today is to retrieve andprocess this material as well as managethe arisings produced as part of theongoing decommissioning of historicaland redundant plants at Sellafield andCapenhurst alongside waste producedfrom current reprocessing activities.Waste management at Sellafield startedin the 1950s in support of the militaryprogramme at the timeILW includes the cladding which is removedfrom the outside of spent fuel elements as partof our reprocessing

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 ILW Treatment and Storage An artist’s impression of the plannedComprehensive Import/Export Facility and BoxEncapsulation Plant Product Store 1In order to continue to safelymanage intermediate level waste(ILW) at Sellafield, the solution is to: 3 ILW is grouted in steel drums making itsuitable for long term storage

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 ILW Treatment and Storage ILW Treatment and Design, Prototype Manufacture & Developmentof 3m³ ILW ContainerBEPPS & CIEF ConstructionBEPPS 1 & CIEF Storage Operations CommenceConstruction of Class II Decommissioning StoreOperation of Class II Decommissioning StoreEncapsulated Product Store 3EPS 3 ConstructionCompleteEncapsulated Product Store Storage OperationsWaste Packaging & Encapsulation PlantStorage and Treatment OperationsMiscellaneous Beta Gamma Waste StoreStorage OperationsDecomm ILW Encap Plant (DILWEP)New ConstructionDecom ILW Encap Plant (DILWEP) OperationsThe contract for the Early Contractor EngagementPhase of the Box Encapsulation Plant ProductStore (BEPPS) and Comprehensive Import/ExportFacility (CIEF) Project has been awardedThe team working on the Encapsulated ProductStore 3 project has safely conducted threemajor lifts, one of which involved the lifting ofa huge 102-tonne shield door into the plantInside a store at Sellafield

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 ILW Treatment and Storage 3 BEPPS 1 & CIEF Construction CompleteBEPPS 3 Construction Project CommencesBEPPS 2 Construction Project CommencesDecommissioning StoreConstruction CompleteEncapsulation Construction CompleteExternal view of Encapsulated ProductStore 3 during constructionOperations under way inside the WasteEncapsulation Plant

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 ILW Treatment and Storage The intermediate level waste (ILW)programme is an essential enablingprogramme for Sellafield. It immobilisesILW streams and puts MiscellaneousBeta Gamma Waste into interim safestorage.One of the largest construction projectswithin the ILW programme is the BoxEncapsulation Plant Product Store 1 andComprehensive Import/Export Facility.Construction is scheduled for completionduring the 2018 financial year which willbe immediately followed by the start ofoperations in that facility.Another construction project,Encapsulated Product Store 3, is duefor completion during the 2012/13financial year. The operations of all of theencapsulated product stores at Sellafieldwill continue throughout this reportingperiod.The construction of a new facility, theDecommissioning Intermediate LevelWaste Encapsulation Plant, which willsupport hazard and risk reduction workat Sellafield, is due to start in 2015. It isscheduled for completion in 2025.A key project within this programme willbe the design, prototype manufactureand development of 3m 3 ILW containers.These containers are an essentialpart of much of the work that we areplanning in the risk and hazard reductionprogramme. Financial information withheld due to commercial confidentialityFor more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionA cross section view of ILW which hasbeen grouted in cement for long termstorage

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan ILW Treatment and Storage The BEPPS1 and CIEF project willincorporate the completion andexpansion of a purpose built aboveground nuclear waste store and theconstruction of a new import/exportfacility to handle radioactive waste,arising from the ongoing nucleardecommissioning and high hazardreduction operations at Sellafield. When completed in late 2012 theEncapsulated Product Store 3 will be thenew intermediate level waste (ILW) storefor the Sellafield site, providing additionalcapacity to support the two existingstores.The store will receive ILW arising fromthe sites reprocessing operations andILW from the work being undertakento maximize the reduction of risk to thepublic and the environment as part of thesite’s high hazard clean-up operations.3m 3 A key project within the ILW treatmentand storage programme is the design,prototype and development of 3m 3 ILWcontainers. These containers are anessential part of the work that we areplanning in the risk and hazard reductionprogramme.When completed in 2012 the EncapsulatedProduct Store 3 will provide storage for ILWMagnox & ThorpEncapsulationPlantsDismantlingAGR FuelILWWaste Packaging& EncapsulationPlantEncapsulatedILWWaste Packaging& EncapsulationPlant StoreEncapsulatedILWEncapsulatedProductStore 1-2EncapsulatedProductStore 3EPS ExportFacilitySupporting Project:3m 3 Box Project includes the design,prototype, manufacture and testing ofwaste containers for ILW arisings fromLP&S and decommissioning.This will hold the processed outputfrom decommissioning retrievals andtreatment facilities.Pre-packagedILWContainersComprehensiveImport/ExportFacilityImport route for LP&S anddecommissioning ILWstainless steel boxes to a suiteof product stores BEPPS andexport route to the GDF.Box EncapsulationPlant ProductStores 1-4Final Conditioningfor DisposalUK GeologicalDisposal FacilityKeyCurrent facilitySellafield andExternalConsignorsMiscellaneousBeta GammaWaste StoreFacility yet to be built

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Waste ManagementLLW and SubLLW Treatment

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 LLW and Sub LLW Treatment At Sellafield an integrated nuclear wastemanagement programme is in placewhich seeks to reduce waste volumesarising as part of current activities aswell as historic operations, ensuring thatwaste is stored safely, minimising the riskto the public and the environment.LLW, which forms 80% of all nuclearwaste, is only slightly radioactive andincludes things like protective clothing,laboratory equipment, paper towels andgloves etc, items that have been used inthe controlled areas of a nuclear site, or inhospitals and nuclear research centres.The waste is treated at Sellafield at theWaste Monitoring and Compaction Plant.At the Waste Monitoring and CompactionPlant the waste is placed inside boxeswhich are monitored and then compacteddown to a quarter of their original sizeusing a high force compactor.The facility also processes waste fromother waste producers. The material isreceived in drums which are monitoredand compacted.These drums and boxes are then placedinside an ISO freight container andtransported mainly by rail to the LowLevel Waste Repository in West Cumbria.Non compactable waste is placed in ISOcontainers and sent to the Low LevelWaste Repository by rail.Only 50% of the solid low level radioactivewaste disposed of at LLWR is fromSellafield. The rest comes from hospitals,universities, research establishments andindustries, including the nuclear industry,around the UK.Wherever possible, work will beundertaken to minimise the futuregeneration of all nuclear waste. AtSellafield today there are a number ofworkstreams under way concernedwith the treatment and storage of LLW,including waste sorting, segregation andsize reduction techniques and using thesupply chain for optimum disposal routes.Metallic waste is treated via the MetalsRecycling Facility and where possibleexempted for re-use, volume reduced tominimise the volume of waste sent to theLow Level Waste Repository or sent tothe supply chain for treatment.Low level waste is made up of things likepaper towels and laboratory equipmentwhich has been used in the controlledareas of a nuclear site or in hospitalsLow level waste at Sellafield also includespersonal protective clothing which hasbeen used in controlled areas of the siteWaste sorting operations inside the WasteMonitoring and Compaction Plant atSellafield

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 LLW and Sub LLW Treatment Our focus is on safely managing low levelnuclear waste while implementing newtechnology (such as the wheelabrator seenhere) to reduce the volumes of waste whichneeds to be disposed of

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 LLW and Sub LLW Treatment LLW and Sub LLW Waste Monitoring & Compaction (WAMAC)Plant Treatment OperationsWAMAC – POCOWAMAC – DecommissioningMetals Recycling Treatment OperationsNew LLW Metals Recycling & Treatment FacilityCurrent Metals Recycling Facility – POCOLLW Sort/Segregate/Size Reduction FacilityLLW/Sort/Segregate/Size Reduction Facility– OperationsCLESA OperationsOff Site Disposal LLWR – WasteOperations TasksLLW is placed into containers which arethen compacted to reduce their sizeThe site’s wheelabrator facilities removesurface contaminationElevated view of CLESA Disposal Facility

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 LLW and Sub LLW Treatment WAMAC OperationsCompletePOCOCompleteConstruction of TreatmentFacility CompleteCurrent Metals RecyclingFacility POCO CompleteConstructionCompleteLow level waste is sent to the Low LevelWaste Repository for disposal

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 LLW and Sub LLW Treatment The low level waste (LLW) and sub-lowlevel waste programme is a key enablerin supporting ongoing hazard reductionand decommissioning activities.It includes the facilities to process andexport LLW to the Low Level WasteRepository or to an alternative futuredisposal facility.The schedule will see the completion ofactivities at the Waste Monitoring andCompaction Facility at Sellafield in 2020.The Waste Monitoring and CompactionFacility will then go through a twelvemonth Post Operational Clean Out(POCO) period before decommissioningwork starts in 2021.Metals Recycling Treatment operationswill continue throughout this reportingperiod. A new LLW metals recyclingfacility to support these operations isdue for completion in 2018. The originaltreatment facility will undergo POCOwork during the 2019/20 financial year.Construction of a new LLW sort/segregate/size reduction facility willbegin in 2012 and will start its operationsduring 2018/19.The programme will aim to identifycombustible materials and metallicmaterial suitable for treatment via thesupply chain to minimise volumes ofwaste being disposed of at the LowLevel Waste Repository. 23,790.1 29,874.9 28,909.5 79,735.7 405,599.2 485,334.9For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan LLW and Sub LLW Treatment Low level waste (LLW) at Sellafieldis treated at the Waste Monitoringand Compaction Plant. At the WasteMonitoring and Compaction Plant thewaste is monitored and then compacteddown to a quarter of its original sizeusing a high force compactor.These drums are then placed inside anISO freight container and transportedmainly by rail to the Low Level WasteRepository in West Cumbria. Noncompactable waste is packaged asefficiently as possible and sent to theLow Level Waste Repository. We have a metal decontamination facilityon the Sellafield site which is used tomechanically remove the outer surfaceof contaminated steel to clean metal forrecycling. Once LLW has been compacted atSellafield it is transported for disposalat the UK’s national Low Level WasteRepository, approximately seven milessouth of the Sellafield site. We will continue to work with the LowLevel Waste Repository to identifysuitable supply chain options for thetreatment of waste.ExternallyGenerated LLWCompactable WasteSellafieldGenerated LowActivity Wastem 3WAMAC LLWR m 3WAMACLLWR Metal WastetonneWheelabrator, Waste Tanks anddecontamination facility LLWR VLLWm 3Calder Landfill ExtensionSegregated Area (CLESA)Key New Generations of Waste Treatment Plants: Acronyms

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011InfrastructureInfrastructure

2 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Infrastructure Site Maintenance& EngineeringProgrammeSupport RolesOperationsSecurity, Safeguards,Emergency ManagementInfrastructure ProjectsInformation Services& Technology

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3Infrastructure Key Infrastructure Objectives Meeting Customer Requirements The infrastructure programme managesthe rail service provision at Sellafield – avital service that supports a number ofoperating plantsThere are thousands of metres of pipeworkacross the Sellafield site which providesessential services to our buildings, all ofwhich must be maintainedThe Sellafield site has its own fire andrescue service which includes fire response,ambulance and paramedics and search andrescue teams

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Infrastructure Analytical Services Operations & Maintenance Replacement Analytical ServicesFacility – New BuildFlask Maintenance Service (Cuboid and Oxide)Transport Services (Road and Rail)Replacement Flask Maintenance FacilityFacilities Management (Accommodation etc)Active Area Support (Laundry, Changeroomand Decontamination)Replacement Decontamination CentreOperation of Combined Heat and Power PlantCombined Heat and Power – Fellside Boiler ParkReplacement of Combined Heat and Power PlantConstructionCompleteProvision of Utilities Services (Steam, Electricity,Water, Compressed Air) and Bulk ChemicalsRefurbishment and Replacement of UtilityServices (Substation, Grid Transformers,Chemical Storage and Distribution, SteamLine and Water Systems)Roads InfrastructureSubstation 6 & 7 CompleteCivil InfrastructureSafeguards, Security and EmergencyManagementLaundry Replacement and Refurbishment

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5Infrastructure ConstructionCompleteConstructionCompleteConstruction CompleteConstruction CompleteConstruction Complete

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Infrastructure 300,855.6 303,087.4 269,467.2 873,410.2 2,968,125.0 3,841,535.2 Maintenance work being carried out atCalder Hall.Our employees use changerooms toaccess radiological areas. The provision ofthese services is essential in getting ouremployees to their plant

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield PlanInfrastructure Flask maintenance is an essential part of theinfrastructure programme and supports bothMagnox and Thorp reprocessing as well asthe defuelling of Magnox stationsSteamline maintenance work under wayat Sellafield. Steam is provided to the siteby the Combined Heat and Power PlantA number of employees at Sellafield arerequired to wear personal protective clothingwhen carrying out their work. The on sitelaundry ensures that this clothing is availablewhen needed

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Infrastructure

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Functions

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Functional SupportCorporate ResponsibilityStakeholder RelationsThe portfolio includes functional areasthat support the operation of SellafieldLtd. Services within the portfolio suchas Finance, Engineering and DesignCapability, are also provided to otherNDA sites. The key strategic objectivefor Functions is to provide effectivefunctional support to Sellafield Ltdoperations in the most cost-efficientmanner.General scope of workEngineering& DesignCapabilitySiteManagementProcurementCommercial& ContractBusinessSupportProductionOperationsSupportStrategy &ProgrammesEnvironmentalHealth & SafetyQuality Programme Finance HumanManagementResourcesRegulatoryLiaisonSellafieldCommunicationINS Relations

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield PlanSafe working in our functional areasis as important as safe working in ouroperational areasThe functional programme includes ourwork with the supply chainThe functional areas of Sellafield providesupport to the operational areas includingservices such as employee training anddevelopment 185,805.9 175,474.9 167,433.0 528,713.8 1,856,077.8 2,384,791.5For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview sectionSafe management of the environmentis a vital role within the functionalprogrammeOur occupational health departmentprovides 24/7 health care to ouremployees while working on siteOur engagement with the local communityincludes an extensive educational programmewhich takes science and engineeringambassadors into local schools

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011End StatesLand and GroundwaterRemediation

2Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Land and Groundwater RemediationRainfall/RechargeRainfall/RechargeSurfaceRunoffMade GroundIrishSeaBeachEhenSpitRiverUnsaturatedZoneAnthropogenicRecharge BeachSpringsPercolationExchange with RiversDrift Groundwater FlowSaline InterfaceBoreholesDisposalTrenchPerched GroundwaterRegional Groundwater FlowContaminantPlumeBuriedChannelUpper GroundwaterWater TableDriftSandstoneThe objectives of the Land QualityProgramme are to understand, control,manage and remediate the legacy ofcontaminated land and groundwater atSellafield in order to ensure protectionof the work force, the public and theenvironment.To meet these objectives the LandQuality Programme integratesprogramme management,characterisation, assessment andremediation management, groundwatermanagement, and data management.During the short to medium term themain objectives of the Land QualityProgramme are to minimise any increasein contaminated land inventory andto limit expansion of the volume ofcontaminated land.The longer term objective for the LandQuality Programme is to work towardsthe Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’s(NDA) agreed end-state as stated in theNDA strategy.The Land and Groundwater Programmeincludes a groundwater monitoringprogramme which characterises,assesses and monitors the groundwaterquality underlying the Sellafield sitethrough groundwater sample acquisitionand analysis.Sampling the groundwater monitoringwells and evaluating the sample analysisdata provides an understanding ofthe nature and extent of groundwatercontamination beneath the Sellafield site.Sampling boreholes at Sellafield helpus to understand, control, manage andremediate the legacy of contaminatedland and groundwaterThere are more than 140 boreholesacross the Sellafield siteManaging land contamination in siturequires a comprehensive understandingof the groundwater under the site

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3 Land and Groundwater Remediation Borehole drilling operations on the site The groundwater sample schedule providestime-series data to track the movement ofcontaminants

4Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Land and Groundwater Remediation Land andGroundwaterRemediation Land Quality DeliveryProduction of an Annual EnvironmentAgency ReportThe objective of the land andgroundwater remediation programmeis to deliver clean-up of the Sellafieldsite to the agreed end-state of partialremediation, followed by indefiniteinstitutional control.This is an extensive piece of work whichstretches out over the next 110 years.Land and groundwater monitoring isdone on and off the Sellafield siteMonitoring activities under way outsideof the Sellafield siteEvery year we publish a groundwatermonitoring report which is available onthe Sellafield Ltd website

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5 Land and Groundwater Remediation 3,302.9 3,254.2 3,266.0 9,823.1 38,954.2 48,777.3For more information please see pages 16 and 17 of the overview section

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011 Land and Groundwater Remediation Managing the contamination in siturequires a comprehensive understandingof the groundwater under the siteincluding estimates of the extent ofcontamination and how it moveswith time. A way to achieve thisunderstanding is through the collection,analysis and evaluation of groundwatersamples from an appropriate network ofmonitoring wells.In 2010 the groundwater monitoringnetwork increased to 142 individualmonitoring wells and 208 piezometers.Piezometers are individual pipes thataccess a screened interval in the pipethat allows sampling of groundwaterfrom a selected depth interval within themonitoring well.Implementation of the Land QualityProgramme also requires an integratedapproach that combines the followingactivities: regulations and site-specificregulatory requirements of physical, chemical, andradiochemical trends in the groundand groundwater contaminant distribution in theground and groundwater bymaintenance and optimisation of themonitoring well programme contaminant transport attenuationand provide time series datamonitoring well maintenance,redevelopment and decommissioning in groundwater and risks to relevantreceptors information including: databases,reports, numerical models andparameters implementation of contaminated landmanagement, remediation optionsand clean-up activities in line withthe Sellafield waste managementhierarchy to human health (both the workforceand the public) and environmentalreceptors (including groundwater)are as low as reasonably practicable(ALARP) Programme to prevent, as far asreasonably practicable, further leaksto ground from the Sellafield Site inorder to ensure a minimal increase inthe subsurface inventory Programme infrastructure (build andmaintain a suitably qualified andexperienced staff; maintenance of theintelligent customer base; acquisitionand utilisation of hydrogeologicdata analysis tools such as GIS andnumerical models; and data/recordsmanagement including environmentaldata management) internal and external stakeholderengagement plansThe safety of our employees and theenvironment remains our number one priorityContinualBoreholeSamplesBorehole Sampling Operations and ModellingWork scope will include generating an updated conceptual modeland delivery of a suite of technical reports. This will includefactual and interpretative findings from this project.Long Term Modelling/SamplingThis scope includes: decision making, sampling, analysis,data assessment, modelling, risk assessment work, assetcare and maintenance along with reporting requirementsto the Environment Agency on an annual basis.Land RemediationThis work scope involves the planning and implementation, and remediation ofhistoric subsurface disposal facilities, contaminated soils and groundwater within andoutside the Sellafield Site boundary in conformance with regulations, regulatoryagreements and ‘as low as reasonably practicable’ (ALARP) principles.

Sellafield Plan – Issue 1 August 2011Socio-economicSocio-economic

2 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Socio-economic Over the years the site has supportedthousands of well-paid jobs. But as themain focus of activity began to changefrom reprocessing to decommissioning, itwas feared that thousands of jobs wouldbe lost in the West Cumbrian economy.However, the 2011 Performance Planprovides crucial new information to theeconomic development of West Cumbria.Acceleration of the decommissioningprogramme at Sellafield provides higheremployment levels for a longer periodof time than would otherwise have beenthe case. This allows us to invest timeand resource to retraining and reskillingour workforce to adapt to the futurechallenges on the site.Today, the site employs over 10,000people and offers opportunities forthe local supply chain and increasedprospects of inward investment.However, we recognise that, despitethe prosperity offered to West Cumbriathrough employment in the nuclearindustry, some sections of the communitystill suffer from high levels of worklessnessand deprivation. We will continue tosupport the organisations and agenciesthat are addressing this issue.Together with Nuclear ManagementPartners and the NuclearDecommissioning Authority, Sellafieldis funding Britain’s Energy Coast WestCumbria (BECWC), the body chargedwith delivering economic developmentfor the area.Successful delivery of the PerformancePlan, combined with the work of oureconomic development partners, providesa win-win outcome for all involved – valuefor money for Government and thetaxpayer, accelerated progress in theNDA’s mission, a positive future for ourworkforce and the prospects of economicdevelopment for the local community.Understanding the meaning of successis an important part of our socioeconomicprogramme. We will workwith our Local Authority partners usingindependent advice to develop anobjective perspective of how successwill be defined, measured and tracked.A detailed, agreed set of relevantperformance indicators will provide aneffective process against which socioeconomicperformance can be measured. Our employees are very much part of thecommunity, undertaking key roles suchas councillors, school governors andrescue volunteersThe large work programme at Sellafieldwill continue to provide opportunities forthe supply chainThe West Cumbria Development Agencyis supported solely by nuclear investment

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 3Socio-economic Long term manpower profile12,000KeyStaffing Level FTEs - High RangeStaffing Level FTEs - Low RangeFTE / Head Count Nos10,0008,0006,0004,0002,000PotentialEmploymentRangeThe manpower profile curve ismade up of 85% Sellafield and15% Risley employees02011201420172020202320262029203220352038204120442047205020532056205920622065206820712074207720802083208620892092209520982101210421072110211321162119Short term manpower profile12,000KeyStaffing Level FTEs - High RangeStaffing Level FTEs - Low RangeFTE / Head Count Nos10,0008,0006,0004,000PotentialEmploymentRange2,00002011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021The manpower profile above is shown asa range, due to the complexities inherentin such long term planning. The upperboundary assumes acceleration of ourworkscope and increased efficienciesin how we deliver our work. The lowerboundary represents increased efficiencywith limited acceleration. In reality, fundinglevels will determine where within thisrange our employment levels will be.The information provided here allowsfor an update of the West Cumbriasocio-economic study undertaken byconsultants ERM in 2001. This work iscurrently being undertaken funded byBritain’s Energy Coast and is due toreport in late 2011.The manpower profile shown above isof course based on our current plansand forecasts and is obviously subjectto change, whether that be changes inpolicy, resource allocation or other eventsthat could impinge on our industry.Breakdown of Sellafield Ltdemployment by area:LocationProportion of SellafieldLtd workforce:Allerdale 21.5%Copeland 58.4%Carlisle (Area) 0.6%Barrow (Area) 3.7%Risley 7%Risley (Area) 1.3%Other 7.5%Source: Sellafield LtdThe work within the Sellafield Plan willbe delivered using a combination ofSellafield Ltd, reachback and supplychain employeesOur employees have the skills andexperience to safely manage allcategories of nuclear waste

4 Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Socio-economic Supply chain spend1,200KeyHigh rangeLow range1,0008006004002000201120142017202020232026202920322035Spend in millions2038204120442047205020532056205920622065206820712074207720802083208620892092209520982101210421072110211321162119At Sellafield more than £800 million ayear is spent in the supply chain. Thisin itself is a significant benefit to the UKeconomy, and, with almost 30% of thisexpenditure being retained within WestCumbrian business, a vital part of thelocal economy.Historically Sellafield Ltd procurementactivities were seen as operating atarms length, on a short term contractingbasis which detracted from adding valueand building relationships. This type ofarrangement produced little gain foreither Sellafield Ltd or the supply chain,both being in a constant state of fluxdue to the short term nature of thecontracts awarded.The external environment is alsochanging and is increasingly presentingreal threats to Sellafield Ltd access toskills and resources. We are looking toalign procurement activities to industrybest practice and follow the exampleset by international and national leadingcompanies.The new Acquisition Strategy isunderpinned and focused on long termcollaborative relationships with the supplychain organisations. The awarding oflonger term contracts, so called ‘AnchorTenants’, provides better security for thesupply chain which drives knowledgeforward and provides incentives forinvestment in education, skills, technologyand infrastructure.Collaborative working using this ‘AnchorTenants’ approach is a way to build anuclear knowledge economy in WestCumbria, which aligns with the visionfor the area to become Britain’s EnergyCoast. It is expected that a moreintegrated supply base associated withSellafield Ltd would provide enhancedopportunities and attract other servicecompanies to West Cumbria.Long term contracts allow for long termleases and make local infrastructuredevelopment more economically viable.They also help employment in WestCumbria to become more diverse androbust, encouraging further participationand opportunity.Sellafield Ltd is working with the NDAand major Tier 2 suppliers to helpimprove the visibility of opportunities forsmaller suppliers.Our supply chain supports ourcommercial operations as well asconstruction and risk and hazardreduction workWe are committed to regular engagementwith our supply chainWe have the greatest concentration ofnuclear workers in Europe at Sellafieldsupporting risk and hazard reduction

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield Plan 5Socio-economic The Nuclear Partners are funders ofBritain’s Energy Coast to a sum ofapproximately £10m per annumTogether with Nuclear ManagementPartners and the NuclearDecommissioning Authority, Sellafield Ltdis supporting Britain’s Energy Coast WestCumbria (BECWC), the body chargedwith delivering economic development forthe area.BECWC is made up of Local Authorityand public and private sector partners,together with the nuclear partners’financial and human resource input. Thecombined expertise of these partners willdeliver real transformational change inWest Cumbria.Sellafield’s socio-economic commitmentalso includes support for skillsdevelopment and charitable projects.Sellafield LtdNuclear FundingPartnershipSellafield LtdNDANMP£10m per annumBritain’s EnergyCoast WestCumbriaWCDA– supportingbusiness start-upSupply chainspendEducationprogrammein schoolsDirect andindirectemploymentGraduateand apprenticerecruitmentCommunityvolunteering£100k p/acharitabledonationsBEC Campus– improving skillsat all levelsBEC Cluster– creating and growinglocal businessesWest Cumbria Tourism– attracting visitorsto the area Whitehaven FestivalThrough our involvement with Britain’s EnergyCoast we have provided significant investmentto the regeneration of the port of Workington

6Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Socio-economic Socio-economic investment – Sellafield Ltd£3.1 million annuallySocio-economic investment – NMP Our work with local schools will continueto focus on the provision of teachingmaterials aimed at achieving an earlyinterest in science and engineeringrelated topics and involving teachersthroughout the production of teachingmaterials and in researching what isrequired in schools. This ensures that ourmaterial meets the national curriculum.Sellafield Ltd’s dedicated team ofScience, Technology, Engineeringand Maths (STEM) ambassadors willcontinue to provide an ongoing variedprogramme of educational events tothose schools in our travel to work area.There are around 200 ambassadors atSellafield and Risley. They are employeesfrom STEM backgrounds who volunteeras inspiring role models for young people.Skills at Sellafield – Schemes Intake TrendNew recruits180160140120100806040200251941251446Key2529622005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011STEM ambassadors enable teachers tomake links from the curriculum to howscience, technology, engineering andmaths is practised in the world of work.Community App Graduates Trainee Scheme Apprentice25391270254212852532158725341287Numberspredicted to holdat current levelsfor 5 yearsWe will continue to work with localschools to support science andengineering related topicsOur work with local schools includes avaried programme of educational eventssuch as robotics daysOur STEM ambassadors are inspiring rolemodels for school children

Issue 1 August 2011Sellafield PlanSocio-economic Since Nuclear Management Partnerstook over at Sellafield in 2008, thenumber of graduates, apprentices andtechnical trainees recruited directly intothe company has increased significantly.The total intake for 2011 is almostdouble that for 2005 and the plan is tocontinue to recruit at this level for theforeseeable future.In addition to training apprentices fordirect recruitment to Sellafield, wealso fund the training of CommunityApprentices through GEN II. Since thisscheme began in 2004, over 165 youngmen and women have successfullycompleted their apprenticeships andhave attained full time employment withbusinesses across Cumbria and thesupply chain. As a result of fundingreceived from Sellafield Ltd, GEN II hasmanaged to leverage in a further £1.3mof government funding to support theprogramme. As part of Sellafield Ltd’s CommunityInvolvement Policy, we will supportExecutives and employees whovolunteer to support a range of localcommunity activities, which help toleverage sustainable benefits.These activities range from communitysecondments, school activities, suchas mock interviews, industry days,STEM Ambassador activities, electedGovernment duties, school governors,Justice of the Peace, Territorial Army,Mountain Rescue, RNLI, etc. As in previous years a budget of£100k will be retained for making smallcharitable donations and to providematch funding for staff charitableactivities. Sellafield Ltd aims to provideincentives that encourage communitygroups and staff to engage in activitiesthat align with the West CumbriaCommunities that Work Strategy.Our employees complete a number ofcommunity regeneration events every yearincluding the refurbishment and decorationof community buildingsWe invest a significant amount of moneyon the training and development of ouremployeesOur employees undertake a wide rangeof events in order to raise money for localcharities and we are proud to support theirachievements through match funding

Sellafield PlanIssue 1 August 2011Socio-economic with NDA and Nuclear ManagementPartners operational executive impact assessment giving LocalAuthorities information to supporteconomic development and servicedelivery planning Community Foundation match funding in West Cumbria to maximise their ability to benefitfrom contracts development organisationsresponsible for optimising the localsupply chain (via WCSSG, Local Authority nuclearissues groups and on website) to develop and agree partnershipperformance measures and reportingprocesses economic performance indicatorswill be published identifying targetsand measures against partnerorganisation accountabilities annual review of supply chain spendin West CumbriaPort of WorkingtonArtist impression of Albion Square