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STORAGE5-disk RAID-5RAID group 64-disk RAID-10RAID group 144-disk RAID-10RAID group 15RAIDgroupRAIDgroupAdditionally, the time to rebuild to a hot spare is faster with smallRAID groups. Best-practice recommendations include the following:5-disk RAID-5RAID group 55-disk RAID-5RAID group 35-disk RAID-5RAID group 1Storage processor A4-disk RAID-10RAID group 125-disk RAID-5RAID group 45-disk RAID-5RAID group 24-disk RAID-10RAID group 13Limit Flare LUNs in a RAID group to amaximum of two times the number of disks.Examples:5-disk RAID-5 ≤ 10 Flare LUNs4-disk RAID-10 ≤ 8 Flare LUNsFigure 2. A best-practices RAID group and hot-spare configurationRAIDgroup4-disk RAID-10RAID group 114-disk RAID-10RAID group 10RAIDgroupHotspareHotspareStorage processor BWhen multiple LUNs are created within a single RAID group,the individual LUNs cannot be dynamically expanded when theRAID group is expanded. Only a single-LUN RAID group canexpand during a RAID group expansion.For all types of SCSI and Fibre Channel storage, the level ofavailable protection is set by the RAID type, and the requiredrebuild time is a function of the number, size, speed, and typeof drives used in the RAID group. As the capacity of each drivedoubles, the rebuild time can also double. In addition, in aRAID-5 group, the rebuild time becomes incrementally longeras the number of total drives increases. The overall performanceof each LUN in a RAID-5 group is affected during the entirerebuild process. If more than one drive fails during the rebuildprocess, RAID-5 protection is lost and RAID-10 protection canalso be lost.Navisphere release 12 separates RAID group creation (whichsets the level of protection) from LUN and metaLUN creation (theprovisioning process), thereby simplifying storage managementfor administrators. Array administrators can easily create thetype of protection (RAID-1, RAID-5, RAID-10, and so on) and thenumber of drives needed in each RAID group using the Navispheregraphical user interface (GUI). Storage group creation is a simplematter of selecting the individual drives to be used and committingthe changes.Configuring RAID groups according to best practicesDell and EMC recommend smaller-size RAID groups of two to eightdisks because these are designed to provide better data protectionthan larger-size RAID groups. 2 Smaller RAID groups have lesschance of experiencing a multiple disk failure within the group.• A two-drive RAID-1 set split between separate DAE2 diskarray enclosures• Either four-, six-, or eight-disk RAID-10 sets on the same DAE2• Either three-, five-, or seven-disk RAID-5 sets on the same DAE2A RAID group can contain 1 to 16 disks. Dell and EMC recommendfour-disk RAID-10 sets for optimal performance and five-diskRAID-5 sets for optimal storage utilization. When using these basicconfigurations, organizations can select the location of RAID groupsand hot spares for each DAE2 enclosure before the array is delivered(see Figure 2).Provisioning LUNs from RAID groupsThe building blocks of metaLUNs—Flare LUNs—can be used tocreate virtual storage from RAID groups. If an application requiresadditional performance or capacity, the metaLUN can be easilyexpanded. When performance is the primary consideration, stripedmetaLUNs are recommended; for large capacity, either striped or concatenatedmetaLUNs are recommended. When a RAID group rebuildis necessary because a single drive has failed, only the individualFlare LUNs within the particular RAID group are affected. A properlydesigned metaLUN should experience a partial degradation inperformance only when accessing the affected Flare LUN.To provision LUNs, array administrators can create a single FlareLUN for small storage requirements. Alternatively, for higher capacityrequirements, administrators can create multiple Flare LUNs in differentRAID groups and then combine these to create either a stripedor concatenated metaLUN. By selectively creating Flare LUNs fromavailable RAID groups, administrators can provision an array that isdesigned to offer balanced, predictable performance. For example, byusing 15,000 rpm disks in smallWhen performance is the RAID-10 sets and provisioning theavailable storage in each RAIDprimary consideration, group to a single Flare LUN,administrators can form thestriped metaLUNs are building blocks for a large capacity,high-performance metaLUN.recommended; for large This type of metaLUN can bewell suited for highly transactionaldatabases, where efficientcapacity, either striped orperformance is the goal. Administratorsalso could create, forconcatenated metaLUNsexample, a striped metaLUN consistingof six high-performanceare recommended.2 For more information on best practices for Fibre Channel storage, visit https://powerlink.emc.com/HighFreq/folder_0/H519.3_clariion_fibre_chnl_dev_ldv.pdf.104POWER SOLUTIONS June 2004
STORAGERAID-10 Flare LUNs. Such a metaLUN could incorporate a total of24 disks for I/O activity, which is greater than the 16-disk maximumlimit of a single RAID group in Navisphere. If striped expansionis necessary, only four additional disks would be required tocreate a seventh RAID group and Flare LUN.Alternatively, for efficient storage utilization, administratorscould create six separate RAID-5 groups (see Figure 3). Each RAIDgroup could be further divided into multiple Flare LUNs of equalsize, creating a pool of available storage. The array administratorwould need to create the RAID groups and storage pool onlyonce, during the initial setup. Later, when an application dictatesspecific storage performance and capacity requirements, the arrayadministrator could selectively choose from the pool to provisionthe metaLUN. The generally preferred method of metaLUN creationis through striping. When expansion is necessary, a FlareLUN from a different RAID group is used in the expansion process.Improving array performance through metaLUN functionalityThe addition of metaLUN functionality to Dell/EMC storage arraysis designed to provide LUN virtualization through striping orMetaLUNsMetaLUN 1 MetaLUN 2MetaLUN 3Componentsconcatenation. To help enhanceperformance to the host at theLUN level, administrators canimplement striped metaLUNs thatspan multiple back-end loops,alleviating the need for the hostto provide storage virtualization.The performance from individualRAID groups can be set on thearray, and this performance canbe consistent and measurable.MetaLUNs separate the dataprotection process—that is, RAIDgroup creation—from the storageprovisioning process that comprisesLUN and metaLUN creationand expansion. In this way, themetaLUN approach is designed toenable array administrators toreduce the risks of degradedTo help enhanceperformance to thehost at the LUN level,administrators canimplement stripedmetaLUNs that spanmultiple back-end loops,alleviating the needfor the host to providestorage virtualization.performance and potential data loss. The separation of the dataprotection and storage provisioning processes can also help improvethe usability of future storage management products. For example,because they provide virtualization and expansion at the arraylevel, metaLUNs enable products such as EMC VisualSRM storageresource management software—which can make standardcalls to the array—to effectively automate the processes of storageprovisioning and expansion.111 121 131Flare LUNs141 151 161 112 122 132Michael L. Gierhart (michael_gierhart@dell.com) is an enterprise technologist in theAmericas Advanced Systems Group at Dell. His area of expertise is storage area network(SAN)–based storage solutions and performance tuning. Michael has a B.S. from the Universityof California, Berkeley; has pursued post-graduate studies at Old Dominion University; and isa Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE).RAID groupsDisks1111 121 131 141 151 1612 3 4 5 6FOR MORE INFORMATIONBest practices for Fibre Channel storage:https://powerlink.emc.com/HighFreq/folder_0/H519.3_clariion_fibre_chnl_dev_ldv.pdfDell/EMC storage arrays:http://www.dell.com/storageEMC Navisphere Management Suite:http://www.dell.com/downloads/global/products/pvaul/en/navispheremanagementsuite.pdfEMC VisualSRM:http://www.emc.com/products/software/visual_srm/visual_srm.jspFigure 3. A metaLUN designed for efficient storage utilizationwww.dell.com/powersolutions POWER SOLUTIONS 105
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DELL POWER SOLUTIONS • JUNE 2004
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Emulex HBAs. Proven choice of the w
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EXECUTIVE INSIGHTSPlanning for the
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEVirtualization a
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEhardware layer.
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DELL KNOBuild a scalable enterprise
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GET ANSWERSNOW.WE’LL PROVIDE:Cost
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEUsersGlobaldataA
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEAcross entiredat
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEUsing Virtual Ma
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISE1.1.10.*1.1.20.*
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEComparison crite
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEEach Dell PowerE
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEOperating system
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEBoot server toDe
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More data? Less time?No problem.Del
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEEnabling a Highl
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Choose Dell coupled with Microsoft
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEto an equal numb
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEFigure C. Select
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISELoad-generation
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISETopologyPowerEdg
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SCALABLE ENTERPRISEIn December 2003
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They’re looking to you to solve t
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Page 84 and 85: SYSTEM ARCHITECTURENumber of memory
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Page 100 and 101: STORAGEconstant prefetching. Depend
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Page 114 and 115: STORAGE.doc fileDesktop at headquar
Page 116 and 117: MAILSTOP 8456DELL INCONE DELL WAYRO
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Page 120 and 121: LINUXthe most recent Navisphere Age
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Page 128 and 129: HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTINGIndustry
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Page 148 and 149: ONLINE-EXTRA CONTENTUsing WMI Scrip
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