Datteln 4 - Kraftwerk Datteln

Datteln 4
Highly effi cient energy and
district heating generation at the Dortmund-Ems Canal

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Datteln 4 will be one of the most effi cient and powerful hard coal-fi red power plants in
the world. This new power plant will go online with around 20 percent less fuel consumption
than the older generation. This secures our energy supply and helps to protect the
environment.
We’re building the future

Why is E.ON building a new hard
coal-fi red power plant?
Why is the power plant so big?
Why in Datteln?
How will Datteln 4 affect the environment?
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A good mix is necessary
Big means affordable
The right location
Better for the environment

Energy from wind, sun and water power – can’t these cover all our energy needs? Unfortunately, the sun doesn’t shine
every day, and the wind takes days off, too. The potential to generate power using hydroelectric dams has been largely
exhausted in Germany. Hard coal-fi red power plants are still needed alongside other power generation methods in
order to guarantee an affordable and secure supply. This is why E.ON is focusing on a balanced energy mix. The new
Datteln 4 hard coal-fi red power plant is a part of this strategy.
>> See page 6 for more on this topic
Size provides a cost advantage in power generation. The higher the output of a power plant, the more affordable it is to
operate, allowing us to sell power more cheaply. A high degree of effi ciency can be realized in large power plants. Today,
we are able to generate twice as much electricity from one kilogram of hard coal as we were 50 years ago. This means
lower emissions and a more careful use of resources. For this reason, large power plants will contue to form the backbone
of our power generation capacity in the future.
>> See page 7 for more on this topic
Regions with a high population density – like the Ruhr area – need a lot of energy. However, it is not possible to store
large amounts of electricity. We need to generate it exactly when it is needed. In addition, coal-fi red power plants require
a strong logistics infrastructure, which is present at the Datteln location thanks to the present power plant facilities
Datteln 1 through 3. These will be replaced by Datteln 4 because they have reached the end of their technical and economic
lifetime. This means that this new build project will enable us to retain important jobs in the region for the coming
decades.
>> See page 12 for more on this topic
The new power plant will have a net electrical effi ciency of over 45 percent. The simultaneous extraction of district heat
means that over 60 percent of the potential energy in the fuel can be utilized. Datteln 4 will replace not only the existing
power plants in Datteln, but another old facility in the Ruhr area as well, and E.ON has already shut down 1,800 MW
of fossil-powered power plant output there. Even though the facility produces signifi cantly more energy than its predecessors,
it will improve the region’s environmental footprint signifi cantly. The key is the improved efficiency and the
decommissioning of the old, less efficient facilities. The new power plant will have a modern, multi-step fl ue gas
purifi cation system. This will remove nitrogen oxides, dust and sulfur from the fl ue gas – and to a greater extent than
what is currently required by law. The state environmental authority verifi es that the emission limit values are adhered
to around the clock, 365 days a year.
>> See page 14 for more on this topic
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What energy mix makes sense?
We need electricity for most of the things we do every day. But can't we meet all our
energy needs using wind, water and solar energy? No, not reliably enough. Therefore
E.ON relies on a balanced energy mix and invests into the development of innovative,
climate-friendly technologies of the future at the same time.
Energy mix 2009
Power generation in Germany in 2009 currently amounts to a total
of 597 billion kWh
oil/gas 13 %
renewables
and others
22 %
42 % coal
23 %
nuclear
energy
It’s all about the mix
All power generation resources have advantages
and disadvantages. When deciding for or against
a particular energy source, security of supply, price
considerations and environmental sustainability
come into equal play. In our view, it would be
foolish to move away from a balanced energy
mix – at least as long as it remains unclear how
to sensibly replace fossil fuels.
In Germany, E.ON generates in 2009
a total of 112 Mrd. kWh
oil/gas
renewables
and others
4 %
11 %
coal 29 %
Hard coal is and will remain an important energy
source
Hard coal will continue to be an important part
of the energy mix in the future. Experts have calculated
that the worldwide supply of coal will be
enough to meet growing energy needs for several
hundred years, even taking into account the continued
growth of populous countries. In addition
many countries in the world have considerable
coal supplies. This allows them to avoid becoming
dependent – as is the case with oil and gas – on
single regions of the world that may be politically
unstable.
Yet the problem of CO 2 emissions from burning
coal remains. This is why E.ON is focusing on
increasing the energy effi ciency of thermal power
plants like Datteln. Greater effi ciency always leads
to less CO 2 per generated kilowatt hour (KWh).
56 % nuclear
energy

Effi ciency of hard coal-fi red power plants, worldwide comparison
in % 1)
60
40
20
~ 30 35 36 38 40 > 45
World USA Europe Germany E.ON today
1) Average value for existing and new plants
Less CO2 , higher effi ciency
E.ON has set itself the goal of reducing its specifi c
CO 2 in Europe by 2020 by 50 % compared to 1990
– which is 10 years earlier than planned so far.
The focus lies on the substantial expansion of
renewable energies. Furthermore nuclear energy
as well as highly effi cient hard coal- and gas-fi red
power plants will make important contributions.
And already today these power plants achieve
outstanding degrees of efficiency in global comparison.
Datteln 4
starting
in 2012
Datteln 4 sets new standards
By optimizing the system technology Datteln 4
will be setting new benchmarks in terms of effi -
ciency. The power plant will be able to exhibit an
effi ciency of over 45 %. This represents a substantial
increase over the German average. Extracting
the district heat increases the effi ciency factor
of the fuel used to over 60 %. To compare a Diesel
motor achieves 35 %.
Additionally, Datteln 4 will replace both the old
power plant facilities Datteln 1 through 3, as well
as other power plants in the Ruhr area. Datteln 4,
with its high effi ciency rate and its low specifi c
CO 2 output, will be used more than the older
facilities, because effi ciently generated electricity
is cheaper. This will push plants with lower
effi ciency and higher CO 2 output out of the
generation market. This represents a long-term
victory for the environment.
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Datteln 4

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10
3
2
1
5
6
7
9
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
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9
10
Boiler house
Powerhouse
Cooling tower
Coal storage
Flue gas purifi cation
Outside air switching facility
Flue ash silo
Water supply and disposal
Traction current converter
Administrative building
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How does the Datteln hard coal-fired po
Power plant technology is not a mystery. Water, steam and coal are the most important
elements in power generation. It all comes down to their interaction and the processes
they undergo. The facility in Datteln 4 is a real powerhouse: compact and a high performer.
Function diagram Datteln 4
Technical data Datteln 4
Electric output
Water-steam cycle
Cooling water cycle
Flue gases
Electricity for public supply
Traction current
District heat
Net effi ciency (electrical)
Fuel requirement
Steam output
Live steam parameters
Flue gas capture
MW: Megawatts t/h: Tons per hour
air
Flue gas
purifi cation
plant
Supply
1 Coaling station
2 Ammonia (NH3) line
3 Process and operating water
4 Calcium carbonate
Process
5 Coal bunker
6 Coal pulverizer
7 Outside air
8 Steam generator
9 Live steam
Boiler house
1,100 MW gross
1,055 MW net
642 MW (50 Hz)
413 MW (16.7 Hz)
380 MW max.
> 45 %
360 t/h hard coal
2,950 t/h
6oo°C/285 bar
Via a cooling tower
Powerhouse
10 High-pressure turbine
11 Medium-pressure turbine
12 Low-pressure turbines
13 Generator
14 Transformer
15 Condenser
16 Condensate pump
17 Regenerative pre-heating
18 Boiler feed pump
19 De-asher
20 Coarse ashes
21 Feed water
22 NOx removal: catalyst
23 Dust removal: Electric fi lter
24 Sulfur removal: SO2 washer
25 Cooling water purifi cation
26 Cooling water pump
27 Cooling tower
Waste
28 Pulverized fuel ash as a
cement additive
29 Gypsum drainage
30 Gypsum for industrial use

wer plant work?
Coal delivery, boiler and turbine
1 Coal storage
2 Coal bunker
3 Coal pulverizer
4 Addition of outside air
5 Boiler
6 Combustion chamber
The path to the boiler
Barges deliver hard coal via the Dortmund-Ems
Canal. They discharge their cargo in a purposebuilt
E.ON harbor with the help of continual ship
unloaders. Closed conveyor belt facilities transport
the fuels to the coal storage (1) or directly into the
coal bunker (2).
Five coal pulverizers (3) grind the delivered hard
coal to a fi ne dust. The coal dust is fi rst dried using
hot air and then blown into the boiler’s combustion
chamber. The grinding process results in a
far greater coal surface area, leading to optimal
combustion.
Boiler house Powerhouse
7 Pipelines
8 Feed water
9 Turbines
10 Condenser
11 Generator
12 Transformer
From steam to electricity
The boiler house is where you will fi nd the stream
generator itself (5). It consists of the combustion
chamber (6) and a complex system of pipes (7).
In normal operation the fi nely ground coal dust is
burned at over 1,300 de grees Celsius in the combustion
chamber. The resulting heat brings the water
in the lines to a boil. The water is transformed into
steam, which is then passed into the turbines at high
pressure.
The steam turbine (9) turns at 3,000 revolutions
per minute. It consists of one high-pressure, one
medium-pressure, and two low-pressure sections.
There, blades transfer the steam’s energy onto the
shaft. The turbine is linked to a generator (11), which
transforms mechan ical energy into electrical energy
– very simliar to a dynamo. The generated electricity
is supplied into the grid through a transformer (12).

Cooling tower
13 Condenser
14 Dortmund-Ems Canal
15 Cooling water purifi cation
16 Cooling water pump
17 Cooling tower
As an inland location, Datteln 4 exhibits a very
high degree of effi ciency. Over 45 percent of the
energy in the coal is converted into electrical
energy – this is high-performance technology.
Water cools the steam
Once the steam has gone through all the turbine
stages, it turns back into water in the condenser
(13) and begins its journey through the boiler
again. This concludes the water-steam cycle. Only
the water that evaporates out of the cool ing
tower is removed from the Dortmund-Ems Canal
(14). After heating in the condenser, the cooling
water ends up in the natural draft cooling tower
(17). This performs two functions: First, the cooling
water transfers its heat to the air stream ing in
from the bottom. Second, the cooling tower captures
the purifi ed fl ue gases. This makes a second
fl ue unnecessary.
The cooling tower’s height of nearly 180 meters
is needed in order to reach the desired plant effi -
ciency of over 45 %. If we used smaller ventilator
cooling towers, the plant effi ciency would diminish
as a function of increased station supply, and
fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions would rise.
This means that an optimal cooling tower height
also contributes to climate protection.

Flue gas purifi cation
18 Ammonia
19 Outside air
20 NO x removal system
21 Electric fi lter
22 Pulverized fuel ash
23 Calcium carbonate
No-risk fl ue gas
Before the fl ue gas enters the atmosphere, it is
painstakingly purifi ed. It is especially important
to remove sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen oxide
(NO x) and dust. The purifi cation process has three
phases: In the NOx removal system (20), catalysts
convert the nitrogen oxide into the environmentally
neutral substances water and nitrogen by
means of ammonia (18) – air consists of 79 %
nitrogen naturally.
The next step in fl ue gas purifi cation is an electric
fi lter (21) that captures pulverized fuel ash. This
ash is collect ed in an ash bunker and sold to
the construction industry, which uses it e.g. as a
cement additive.
24 Process water
25 Sulfur removal system
26 Gypsum drainage
27 Gypsum
The sulfur removal system (25) washes the fl ue
gas. The sulfur dioxide reacts chemically with
a limestone water mixture and oxygen. Gypsum
and water are left over. The dried gypsum can
then be used e.g. in the manufacture of gypsum
plasterboard.
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Who needs the energy from Datteln?
Energy production is a traditional part of Datteln. Since 1964 the hard coal-fi red power
plant in Datteln has supplied electricity to the Bahn, as well as district heating to the
urban area, thus being an important economic factor for the city and region. As part of
the pan-European supply grid, Datteln 4 contributes to making sure that energy is always
there when you need it.
Traditional location with a future
The power plant units Datteln 1 – 3 as well as the
power plant Shamrock in Herne will be at the end
of their technical and economic lifetimes in the
next few years. They need to be replaced with new,
effi cient and more environmentally friendly facilities.
E.ON is investing more than one billion Euros
in the construction of the hard coal fi red power
plant Datteln 4. At the same time the operation of
the Datteln 4 power plant not only secures the jobs
of the Datteln 4 employees, but many other jobs
throughout the region as well.
Electricity for the train
A fi fth of the electricity used by Deutsche Bahn
to run its trains comes from Datteln. In the future,
this fi gure will rise to 25 %. Aside from district
heating, the power plant units Datteln 1 through 3
produce only 16.7 Hertz traction current.
Datteln 4 generates the 50 Hertz electricity
needed by the public supply grid. For this reason,
it needs to be transformed into the 16.7 Hertz
electricity needed by the train system. This will
be done using a traction current converter facility
to be built along with the power plant. With an
output of 413 megawatts, it is the largest facility
of its kind in the world, and is also the highestoutput
feed current unit in Deutsche Bahn’s grid.
Energy for the region
In addition to traction current, the Datteln 4 power
plant will be able to provide a total of 642 megawatts
to the region’s public electricity grid. This
means that the power plant will be utilized continuously
and effi ciently.
District heating for Datteln and the Ruhr area
For over 40 years, the Datteln power plant has
been rements with environmentally friendly district
heating. The power plant presents a special type
of environmental advantage: district heating is
provided with low fuel requirements. The plant’s
good overall energy profi le means that it saves a
great deal of primary energy. In the Ruhr area, this
leads to an additional improvement of the regional
CO 2 footprint.
Around 1,000 GWh environmentally friendly
district heating will be produced by the new
power plant Datteln 4. This provides around
100,000 housing units with heating, and is the
largest contribution of E.ON to grid supply in
the region. The basis for this is the principle of
com bined heat and power generation. Part of the
steam used to turn the turbines and generate
power is drawn off the turbine to be used for
district heating. This increases the fuel effi ciency
of the power plant to around 60 percent, and
decreases the emissions in the Ruhr area. Altogether
Datteln 4 will provide around 50 percent of the
district heating and take over the supply of
Recklinghausen, Herne and Bochum. Additionally
the power plant is able to deliver district heating
to Castrop-Rauxel and Dortmund-Bodelschwingh.
Hereby Datteln 4 will be one of the ten largest
heating power plants in Germany.

Social responsibility for the region
E.ON has been operating at the Datteln location
for many years. Over the years, we have become
a part of the area, which in our view brings with it
a certain measure of responsibility for the region.
Support for children and youth has traditionally
been a focal point of the E.ON Group’s regional
involvement.
This is why we support educational and social
projects for children and youth on location. The
projects range from fi eld trips to the Datteln
power plant to the “Energy for Kids” initiative,
to setting up computer centers in elementary
schools and providing fi nancial support to kindergardens
and the channel festival in Datteln.
Criticism is welcome in the Power Plant Forum
Naturally, a new power plant cannot be built
without questions or criticism. Exchanging
opinions with our direct neighbors and the
citizens of the region is important to us. To this
end, we have created a platform that involves
all interested parties – the “Power Plant Forum”.
This forum is intended to resolved open and controversial
issues. Proponents and critics will meet
at regular intervals to exchange their opinions.
This forum will address problems and solutions
quite concretly: for instance, the reduction of the
impact of construction site traffi ce on residents,
the expansion of the measurement station network
for environmental monitoring, or the further
reduction of emissions and pollutants. You can
fi nd up-to-date information on the Power Plant
Forum in the internet at www.kraftwerksforumdatteln.de.
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How are we protecting the environment?
Building and operating a hard coal-fi red power plant always has some effect on the
surrounding area. In order to lessen these effects, we exceed the legal environmental
protection requirements in several respects.
Environmental protection at your door
Ever since we began planning this plant, strict
environmental protection requirements have been
at the forefront. In order to preserve the quality
of life of neighboring residents, in addition to all
the other aspects of environmental protection, we
are going to do more in the way of protecting the
environment at the Datteln 4 power plant than is
required by law.
One example is E.ON’s stated goal to furnish this
industrial facility with an appealing exterior. Various
architectural concepts were solicited and coordinated
with the City of Datteln in this respect.
Modern technology for clean living spaces
In addition we have planned technical safety
measures in many parts of the power plant. These
help to reduce grime and environmental impacts,
or to eliminate them entirely. For example, many
parts of the coaling station are completely closed.
This prevents dust from escaping as it does when
coal is loaded in the open. In addition, the coal
stock piles will be watered to keep dust down
during dry weather.
We have also selected the transportation routes
to and from the power plant in such a way that
environ mental impacts are minimized. Normally,
coal reaches the power plant via canal barges.
Substantial portions of the power plant’s byproducts,
such as ash, also leave the power plant by
barge. We will only use the existing rail link to
transport materials in exceptional cases.
Renaturing the Lippe wetlands

Renaturing to compensate for environmental
impacts
The construction of Datteln 4 requires a great
deal of space. This area used to be covered in
fi elds and forest. In order to maintain the environmental
balance and to protect ecosystems, we are
restoring nature in another area to compensate
for the land used to build the power plant. In this
case, we have decided to initiate a comprehensive
project to “re-nature” the Lippe wetlands.
A piece of untouched nature has sprung up directly
adjacent to the power plant grounds: We have
dug two ponds, where we settled the alpine newts
that used to live on the grounds in old bomb
craters. This newly created biome has tripled the
alpine newt’s spawning opportunities.
Permanent precise monitoring
In order to determine the effects of the construction
and operation of Datteln 4 precisely, E.ON
has commissioned several expert opinions and
measurements. Various research projects have
been initiated to analyze the environmental
effects of e.g. dust emissions, noise, cooling tower
plumes and traffi c impacts. The measurement network
used for emissions monitoring in the area
surrounding the newly constructed power plant is
among the most dense measurement networks in
the Federal Republic of Germany.
A regularly updated report compiles the signifi -
cant results of the various research projects. This
report is not only available to the technical authorities,
but will also provide interested members
of the general public with a comprehensive and
detailed overview of the environmental situation
in the area surrounding the power plant. We want
to ensure as much transparency as possible in our
monitoring report.
Datteln 4 – the best-monitored power plant site
How does pollutant monitoring work? Environmental
monitoring around the new power plant began
in August 2007. The system monitors how the
construction site and the new power plant affect
the environment. Current data from the period
before the new power plant was built can later be
compared to data generated while the new power
plant is operating.
The dense network of measurement sites to monitor
air quality exceeds the requirements imposed
by law. This makes Datteln one of the best-monitored
power plant locations in Germany. In addition
to air quality, we will also monitor noise generation,
light pollution, the soil, the local climate, the
water quality of the nearby stream, the groundwater,
and the traffi c situation. Landscape monitoring
is also included in the program.
The results of the monitoring will be published
semi-annually and can be viewed on the Internet
at www.kraftwerk-datteln.com.
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Datteln Energy Center
In the Datteln Energy Center you’ll get a fi rsthand
look at the various stages behind the planning
and construction of the Datteln 4 power plant.
We invite you to come and talk to us. The Energy
Center is a good place for meetings and discussions,
providing you with comprehensive information
about the new power plant and the subject of
energy.
You can experience the fascination of power plant
technology at the energy exhibit, test your skills as
energy manager, and discover interesting details
about power generation that you didn't know
before.
Feel free to visit our energy exhibit along with
friends and colleagues, with your family or a group
of students. You can also make the Datteln Energy
Center the center of your own event.
Where to learn more
We heartily welcome you – we’re happy to have you!
Treffpunkt Energie
Zur Seilscheibe 8
45711 Datteln
Opening hours
Wednesdays from 10 to 5
Saturdays from 10 to 5
or by appointment
T + 49 23 63-9 77-27 99
F + 49 23 63-9 77-20 20
E-Mail: treffpunkt-datteln@eon-energie.com
www.kraftwerk-datteln.com
Datteln Energy Center

E.ON ist Energie
With nearly 90,000 employees, E.ON is one of the
world's largest investor-owned power and gas
companies. Every day, E.ON supplies
30 million customers with electricity and gas,
around the clock, in over 30 European countries.
It is E.ON's aim to guarantee a secure, economical
and environmentally friendly energy supply today
and in the future. This challenge can only be met
with innovative technology and a balanced energy
mix. That is E.ON's mission.
Further information on www.eon.com
Imprint
Publisher
E.ON Kraftwerke GmbH
Concept and design
wirDesign Berlin Braunschweig
Image sources
E.ON Kraftwerke GmbH
Lithography
Rolf Neumann, Braunschweig
Printer
gutenberg beuys, Hannover
as at
March 2011

E.ON Kraftwerke GmbH Treffpunkt Energie Zur Seilscheibe 8 45711 Datteln Germany
T + 49 23 63-9 77-27 99 F + 49 23 63-9 77-20 20
www.eon-kraftwerke.com www.eon.com
www.kraftwerk-datteln.com
EKW 03/2011