USE OF DISPERSANTS - U.S. National Response Team (NRT)

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SITE SAFETY PLAN TEMPLATE FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONSA. SITE DESCRIPTIONLocationGeneral area________________________________________________________Lat.______________ Long. ____________HazardsOil: ______________________________________________________________Dispersants: _______________________________________________________General safety hazards: _______________________________________________Weather related hazards (mark appropriate)___sea state, ___heat stress, ___hypothermia, ___frostbite, ___severe storms, ___fog, other:___________________B. RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONFunction and NameOSC:Site Safety and Health Officer:Scientific Support Coordinator:Contractor Supervisor:Responsible Party:State RepresentativeOther Fed/State/Local reps:Phone NumberC. RESPONSE OBJECTIVES.__ Dispersant application __ Dispersant observation ___ Dispersant monitoring __Other: ______________________________________________________________________Detailed objectives shall be developed daily. Dispersant workplan shall be attached to this site safety plan.D. SITE CONTROL.1. Reporting: Personnel involved with dispersant application, observation, and monitoring shall report to the safetyofficer and the Unified Command.2. Site Safety Plan: Personnel involved with dispersant application, observation, and monitoring shall subscribe tothis or other site safety plans approved by the safety and health officer.3. Training: No person shall take part in the dispersant operation without adequate training in safety and health,based on work assignment and relevant hazardous conditions.4. Site boundary: Site boundaries and exclusion zones for dispersant operation shall be marked on a map, (attached)and be modified as necessary.5. Exclusion zone: Exclusion zone will be established by the Unified Command as needed to keep away vessels not
involved with dispersant operations.E. HAZARD EVALUATIONCrude oilsComposition: Crude oils are composed of indefinite number of hydrocarbon compounds. Most crude oils containbenzene, up to 1 percent by volume. Crude oils also contain toluene, xylene, naphthalenes, & PolyAromaticHydrocarbons (PAHs) in concentrations that vary widely depending on the source of the oil, weathering, and aging.Hazard Description: Crude oil may cause dermatitis by skin contact; nausea by inhalation; and eye irritation.Benzene is a hematological toxin (it affects the blood and blood forming organs), and is a carcinogen. The mostsignificant hazard from benzene, toluene, and xylene is in poorly ventilated areas (such as pits or under docks), oraround freshly spilled oil. Benzo(a)pyrene is a skin contact hazard and potentially may cause skin cancer withchronic skin contact. As oil weathers and ages, benzo(a)pyrene becomes more concentrated because it evaporatesmuch slower than other chemicals in the mixture.Basic Precaution: Stay away from, or upwind of, fresh oil spills; wear chemical resistant clothing as necessary toprotect against skin or eye contact; periodically change protective clothing that has oil on it; immediately changeclothing that is showing evidence of oil penetrating to your skin; and wash skin with soap and water if contact withoil occurs. Flush eyes with water if oil gets in them. If ingested do not induce vomiting, contact a physician. Userespiratory protection when volatile organic compounds and specifically benzene concentrations exceed OSHA PEL.Exposure limits of interest:benzenetoluenexylenenaphthalenehexanecoal tar/coal tar pitch volatiles1 ppm (OSHA)100 ppm (OSHA)100 ppm (OSHA)10 ppm (ACGIH)50 ppm (OSHA)0.2 mg/m3 (OSHA/ACGIH)Dispersants ApplicationDispersants act like detergents. They reduce the surface tension of the oil and break it into tiny droplets. The oildroplets are then mixed in the water column and disperse. To be effective, dispersants keep the droplets apart, andprevent coagulation. Early dispersants (late 60') contained fairly strong and toxic solvents that were used for clean upof oil tanks or mechanical equipment. They were quite toxic, both to marine organisms and to human. Thedispersants currently in use are much less toxic. They contain a surfactant mixed with a solvent, and possibly otherchemicals that serve as stabilizers. The solvents currently in use are water, alcohol, glycol, or ethylene glycol.When applied, dispersants are sprayed on the oil slick, most likely by aircraft. Flying altitude during application isexpected to be 50 to 100 feet above the water. The droplets should be large enough to settle rapidly on the slick.Smaller droplets may remain suspended for a longer period of time, and be carried downwind over some distance.Health HazardsInhalation of droplets is the most likely route of exposure to dispersant. The toxicity of the solvents now in use isrelatively low, and the concentration, if safe operating procedures are used, is not expected to be above the level ofconcern. Overexposure to the solvent in dispersants, which are the compound of most concern, may cause nausea,dizziness, headache and skin and eye irritation. These are the symptoms to watch out for. See attachment 3 forMSDS for Corexit 9527All persons coming in contact with the dispersants should read and understand the material safety data sheet (MSDS)of the dispersant to be used. The hazards of contact, symptoms, and preventive measures should be understood andfollowed.Protection
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UPDATES AND CHANGESCHANGE OR UPDATE
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CARIBBEAN REGIONAL RESPONSE TEAMPOL
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SECTION IPurposeThis policy provide
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2. YELLOW ZONE - WATERS REQUIRING C
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SECTION IIIProtocolsTHE FOLLOWING R
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APPENDICES
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Caribbean Regional Response TeamDis
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CommanderSeventh Coast Guard Distri
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mile from any reef which is less th
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high exposure levels, volatile hydr
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a few days or weeks, unmetabolized
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1990. Geraci, J.R. and D. J. St. Au
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CommanderSeventh Coast Guard Distri
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Biological Assessment of Effects on
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The dispersed oil droplets, ranging
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Sea TurtlesSea turtles can be expos
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Most aquatic organisms have the abi
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Ernst, C.H., J. Lovich, and R.W. Ba
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Appendix IIIDispersant Use Monitori
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Dispersant Use Monitoring Program w
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APPENDIX IVDispersant Use Decision
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- dispersant composition;- water sa
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For Puerto Rico:1) the waters are n
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DOCUMENTATION/APPLICATION FORM FORD
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2. Type of aircraft used __________
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Letter of AgreementCommonwealth of
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Page 74 and 75: LETTER OF AGREEMENTON LIMITED USE O
Page 76 and 77: LETTER OF AGREEMENTON LIMITED USE O
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Page 80 and 81: Appendix VIDispersant Use Operation
Page 82 and 83: APPENDIX VIDispersant Use Operation
Page 84 and 85: APPENDIX VI TABLE OF CONTENTSSECTIO
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Page 88 and 89: DISPERSANT USE DECISION / IMPLEMENT
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Page 92 and 93: DISPERSANT APPLICATION OPERATIONAL
Page 94 and 95: DISPERSANT OPERATION PLAN CHECKLIST
Page 96 and 97: GENERAL:OBSERVATIONS:PHOTOGRAPHY:In
Page 98 and 99: Incident CommanderOperations Sectio
Page 100 and 101: DISPERSANT / APPLICATION FORM FROM
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Page 106 and 107: • Comply with the dispersant use
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Page 110 and 111: SPRAYER LOG SHEET(Completed by Spra
Page 112 and 113: OBSERVATION AIRCRAFT / VESSEL / "OB
Page 114 and 115: • The visibility of the dispersed
Page 116 and 117: Duration of FlightPreferred Altitud
Page 118 and 119: DISPERSANT OBSERVATION FINAL REPORT
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Page 124 and 125: (404)639-0615 (24 hr) (voice) 0655
Page 126 and 127: GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPER
Page 128 and 129: • From a safe distance (at least
Page 130 and 131: SAFE APPROACH TO A HELICOPTERAPPROA
Page 132 and 133: c. Optimum storage temperature rang
Page 134 and 135: X. ANALYSIS FOR HEAVY METALS AND CH
Page 136 and 137: wear long sleeve shirt, chemical re
Page 138 and 139: 8. Solvents: CONFIDENTIAL9. Additiv
Page 140: ___ rubber steel toe/shank safety b
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USE OF DISPERSANTS - U.S. National Response Team (NRT)

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