Arab Knowledge Report 2009

More documents

Recommendations

Info

LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1 Decline in human poverty rates by country (per cent): 1996-2007Figure 2 Unemployment rate among Arab youth (A) and their share in total unemployment (B)(per cent) in 2005/2006Figure 1-1 The poles of the knowledge societyFigure 2-1 Press freedom in the Arab countries, 2008Figure 2-2 Perceptions of corruption in the Arab World 2008Figure 2-3 Perceptions of corruption 2003-2008Figure 2-4 Distribution of Economic Freedom in Arab Countries, 2009Figure 2-5 Average economic freedom index for seventeen Arab countriesFigure 2-6 Heritage economic freedom index for 2009, Arab countries-comparison countriesFigure 2-7 Fraser Institute index of economic freedom of Arab countries vs. comparison countriesFigure 2-8 Index of global competitiveness for Arab countriesFigure 2-9 Average growth of per capita GDPFigure 2-10 Net exports of manufactured goods in Arab countriesFigure 3-1 Education and human resources index for Arab Countries (most recent statistical periodcompared to 1995)Figure 3-2 Basic knowledge capital formation opportunities for children in Arab countries againstper capita GDPFigure 3-3 Advanced knowledge capital formation opportunites for Arab youth against per capita GDPFigure 3-4 Adult knowledge capital acquired through education in Arab countries against per capita GDPFigure 3-5 Actual (or expected) knowledge capital formed through education among different age groupsin Arab countries against per capita GDPFigure 3-6a Maths performance of eighth-year students in Arab countries against per capita GDPFigure 3-6b Math performance of eighth-year students in Arab countries against per capita GDP(excluding Dubai)Figure 3-7 Science performance of eighth-year students in Arab countries against per capita GDP(excluding Dubai)Figure 4-1 ICT index values for Arab countries and selected groups of non-Arab countries(1995, most recent statistics with + and – change values)Figure 4-2 Number of computers per 1,000 inhabitants, Arab region, and selected groups ofnon-Arab countriesFigure 4-3 Internet users – Arab world, world, and selected non-Arab country groups by percapita GDPFigure 4-4 Bandwidth of global internet access for the Arab World and selected non-Arab country groupsFigure 4-5 Price basket for internet (in US dollars per month) in some Arab countries, worldwide,and in selected non-Arab groups of countries by incomeFigure 4-6 Language access to internet and ratio of speakers to total internet usersFigure 4-7 Growth of languages on the internet 2000-2008Figure 4-8 Availability of e-government services (2006 values)Figure 4-9 Change in business internet use plotted against per capita income in some Arab countriesand worldwideFigure 4-10 Paper consumption worldwide and in some Arab countries by per capita GDPFigure 4-11 Paper consumption and internet use worldwide and in some Arab countries, 2004-2005Figure 5-1 Innovation system index for the most recent period in comparison to 1995Figure 5-2 Innovation and developmentFigure 5-3 Per capita GDP and the innovation system indexFigure 5-4 Arab-international cooperation in scientific dissemination, 2004Figure 5-5 Arab participation in the European Union’s Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006)Figure 5-6 Number of scientific papers published in the Arab region1112336262636969717273747599104110120122125125126145145146147148148150158162166167182182183187195197XI
Figure 5-7 Published scientific articles according to specialisation (1998-2007), based on Table5-7Figure 5-8 Scientific impact of Arab publicationsFigure 5-9 Percentage of Arabic language-use in research papers published in the Maghreb, 1980-2007Figure 5-10 Languages used in human and social science research publications in the Maghreb, 2007Figure 6-1 Mechanism for movement towards the Arab knowledge societyFigure 6-2 Priorities for action to build the elements of the knowledge society in the Arab worldFigure 6-3 Priorities for action to build the elements of the knowledge society in the Arab worldFigure 6-4 Priorities for action to build the elements of the knowledge society in the Arab worldFigure A-1 The Knowledge Economy Index for the Arab countriesFigure A-2 Normalised values for indicators concerning knowledge for the Arab countries, the G7,and the worldFigure A-3 Index values for the pillars of the knowledge economy for the Arab countries, the G7,and the worldFigure A-4 The latest KEI compared to 1995LIST OF TABLESTable 1 Human development indicators for the Arab countries (2001 versus 2006)Table 2 Population and GDP per capita in Arab countries (2008, projections)Table 3 Incidence of extreme poverty in a sample of Arab countriesTable 4 The employment challenge: projected numbers of new jobs requiredTable 2-1 Arab Countries that realised positive reforms in the field of business, 2007-2008Table 2-2 Arab Countries according to their ties to trade agreements and intellectual propertyTable 2-3 Rights and responsibilities of Arab members in the World Trade Organisation in the field ofcopyright and access to knowledgeTable 3-1 Opportunities for basic knowledge capital formation in children through education in 2005(per cent)Table 3-2 Opportunities for the formation of knowledge capital by youth (ages 15-24) in Arab countries,2005 (per cent)Table 3-3 Comparison of overall results of students in Arab countries and students in USA on thebusiness administration testTable 3-4 Comparison of overall results of students in Arab countries and students in USA on thecomputer science testTable 3-5 Estimated knowledge capital acquired through education among adults (25 to 50 years)in Arab countries in 2008 (per cent)Table 3-6 Summary of estimated quantitative capital obtained through education for the different agestrata of Arab societies in 2005 (per cent)Table 4-1 Top ten languages used on the net (number of internet users by language)Table 4-2 Readiness of Arab countries to adopt e-government applicationsTable 4-3 Readiness to adopt e-government applications in some comparable countriesTable 5-1 The quality of Arab research institutionsTable 5-2 Ranking of Arab countries in the Assimilation of Technology index (out of 134 countries)Table 5-3 The number of researchers in the Arab regionTable 5-4 Expenditure on research in the Arab regionTable 5-5 Expenditure on research and development and percentage contributions from private andpublic sectors in comparison countriesTable 5-6 Number of scientific publications in selected Arab CountriesTable 5-7 Number of scientific articles published in the Arab world, 1998-2007Table 5-8 Arab-international cooperation in scientific publishingTable 5-9 Patents registration with the USPTO by seven Arab countriesTable 5-10 Sizes of cinema audiences and numbers of cinema screens, 2004-2005Table 5-11 Human capital flight index1981992032032262312332352592612622629101113707980103109117117119121149157157189189190193193197198199201205209XII
Page 1 and 2: United Nations Development Programm
Page 4 and 5: Foreword by the Chairman of the Boa
Page 6 and 7: Foreword by the Regional Director,U
Page 8 and 9: Report Team(Alphabetically)Advisory
Page 10 and 11: The knowledge society and the legit
Page 12 and 13: Partnership with the private sector
Page 16 and 17: Table 5-12 Trade in technological p
Page 18 and 19: PREAMBLEIntroductionThe Arab Knowle
Page 20: knowledge and from the consequences
Page 23 and 24: Arabic istechnologicallypoor in com
Page 25 and 26: Intercommunicationwith the self mea
Page 27 and 28: Table 2CountryGroupGroup 1: Oilecon
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2504540353025201510508070605
Page 31 and 32: In the period2003-2007, morethan 83
Page 33 and 34: Extremism negatesthe Other, haltsth
Page 35 and 36: The reformisttendency callsfor grad
Page 37 and 38: The current crisismay help to resto
Page 39 and 40: On the ICT axis, theArab states hav
Page 41 and 42: End Notes* Arberry, Arthur J. The K
Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER ONETHE THEORETICAL FRAMEWOR
Page 46 and 47: BOX 1-2“Knowledge” in al-Tahana
Page 48 and 49: phrases that do not display theoret
Page 50 and 51: enabling institutional and legal en
Page 52 and 53: the individual and collective ident
Page 54 and 55: services of seasoned experts and sc
Page 56 and 57: pay too little attention to the qua
Page 58 and 59: egion, greatest among them that the
Page 60 and 61: the values of democratic politicalr
Page 62 and 63: that occupy the lowest rung of the
Page 64 and 65:
the Middle Ages, as if all that has
Page 66 and 67:
of various ethnic, religious, and o
Page 68 and 69:
infrastructure, effort, energy, and
Page 70 and 71:
value to the lexicon of ethics, but
Page 72 and 73:
limit knowledge exclusively to the
Page 74:
CHAPTER TWOARAB KNOWLEDGE PERFORMAN
Page 77 and 78:
Freedom is the basisof development.
Page 79 and 80:
FIGURE 2-1Press freedom in the Arab
Page 81 and 82:
Stringent legislativeand institutio
Page 83 and 84:
Arab creativeproduction,especially
Page 85 and 86:
The Arab countriesmost preparedto p
Page 87 and 88:
TABLE 2-1Arab Countries that realis
Page 89 and 90:
BOX 2-1The Contradictory Nature of
Page 91 and 92:
External pressure,restrictions impo
Page 93 and 94:
The Arab poorsuffer from socialmarg
Page 95 and 96:
Arab countries havebeen absent from
Page 97 and 98:
TABLE 2-3Rights and responsibilitie
Page 99 and 100:
The current state ofknowledge-enabl
Page 101 and 102:
To build andimplementan enablingenv
Page 103 and 104:
Oman’s WorldStudies Instituteaims
Page 105 and 106:
BOX 2-3The communications market in
Page 107 and 108:
The desiredArab index willtranscend
Page 109 and 110:
End Notes1The index divides the Ara
Page 112:
CHAPTER THREEEDUCATION AND THE FORM
Page 115 and 116:
In the last quarterof a century, Ar
Page 117 and 118:
Knowledge is morethan the informati
Page 119 and 120:
Although thelaws in most Arabcountr
Page 121 and 122:
FIGURE 3-2: 19Basic knowledge capit
Page 123 and 124:
Arab educationalcurricula in genera
Page 125 and 126:
While Arab countriesvary greatly in
Page 127 and 128:
FIGURE 3-390Advanced knowledge capi
Page 129 and 130:
BOX 3-4The Commission for the Delib
Page 131 and 132:
BOX 3-6Higher education in the Arab
Page 133 and 134:
The available dataon the fields ofe
Page 135 and 136:
Literacy ratesamong adults havenot
Page 137 and 138:
Eight Arab countrieshave a critical
Page 139 and 140:
Most Arab countrieshave been unable
Page 141 and 142:
Statistical analysesshow a definite
Page 143 and 144:
FIGURE 3-7Science performance of ei
Page 145 and 146:
BOX 3-9Human Capital Formation to M
Page 147 and 148:
BOX 3-10The Lebanese Association fo
Page 149 and 150:
Clearly, the “lightsof knowledge
Page 151 and 152:
End Notes1“Adult” is defined he
Page 153 and 154:
40Accurate statistics are not avail
Page 155 and 156:
level or the equivalent, post-secon
Page 158:
CHAPTER FOURINFORMATION AND COMMUNI
Page 161 and 162:
Over the last tenyears the Arabcoun
Page 163 and 164:
FIGURE 4-3Internet users - Arab wor
Page 165 and 166:
FIGURE 4-5Price basket for internet
Page 167 and 168:
The growth ratein Arabic-speakingin
Page 169 and 170:
During the comingdecade thetechnolo
Page 171 and 172:
Strategic decisionstaken in many Ar
Page 173 and 174:
In general, the Arabcountries are c
Page 175 and 176:
FIGURE 4-8Availability of e-governm
Page 177 and 178:
Some Arab stateshave taken initiati
Page 179 and 180:
In contradiction tothe call to rest
Page 181 and 182:
The experiences ofboth developingan
Page 183 and 184:
FIGURE 4-10Paper consumption worldw
Page 185 and 186:
A system formachine parsingArabic s
Page 187 and 188:
BOX 4-7Egypt’s Centre for Documen
Page 189 and 190:
More research shouldbe directed tow
Page 191 and 192:
The possession ofinformation andcom
Page 193 and 194:
End Notes1According to the majority
Page 195 and 196:
Technology research and development
Page 198 and 199:
CHAPTER FIVEARAB PERFORMANCE INRESE
Page 200 and 201:
FIGURE 5-3Per capita GDP and the in
Page 202 and 203:
the import and consumption of ready
Page 204 and 205:
FIGURE 5-4Arab-international cooper
Page 206 and 207:
are characterised by flexibility to
Page 208 and 209:
esearchers prefer to remain in univ
Page 210 and 211:
Arab countries can be ranked in ter
Page 212 and 213:
FIGURE 5-5Arab participation in the
Page 214 and 215:
Institute in the USA. By analysing
Page 216 and 217:
5-6). A tabulation of all the Arab
Page 218 and 219:
partnerships with foreign scientifi
Page 220 and 221:
and anthropology have decreased (Ha
Page 222 and 223:
Arabic). Aversion to reading is con
Page 224 and 225:
to attract a number of invested par
Page 226 and 227:
and security conditions offered by
Page 228 and 229:
driven economies that are in the fi
Page 230 and 231:
• Real and deep-rooted developmen
Page 232:
of $1.57 billion due to human capit
Page 236 and 237:
CHAPTER SIXBUILDING THE KNOWLEDGESO
Page 238 and 239:
This can only come about through th
Page 240 and 241:
proposals intended to give impetus
Page 242 and 243:
knowledge society must be considere
Page 244 and 245:
the Arab individual’s options to
Page 246 and 247:
and the distribution of the benefit
Page 248 and 249:
FIGURE 6-2Priorities for action to
Page 250 and 251:
priorities in the area of movement
Page 252 and 253:
ACTION TO DEPLOYKNOWLEDGEAction on
Page 254 and 255:
knowledge technologies and their me
Page 256:
REFERENCES
Page 259 and 260:
Maghrib (Women and Politics: politi
Page 261 and 262:
http://www.moe.gov.ps/intifada/repo
Page 263 and 264:
Washington, D.C. www.heritage.org/i
Page 265 and 266:
The World Bank. 2002. “Constructi
Page 268 and 269:
ANNEX 1. LIST OF BACKGROUNDPAPERS (
Page 270 and 271:
ANNEX 2. PROJECT FOR ADATABASE ON K
Page 272:
include search engines, hyperlinks
Page 275 and 276:
is arrived at by specifying the cou
Page 277 and 278:
the knowledge economy. On this basi
Page 279 and 280:
FIGURE A-3Index values for the pill
Page 281 and 282:
TABLE A-4Availability of knowledge
Page 283 and 284:
even contradictory. For example, da
Page 286:
STATISTICAL ANNEX
Page 289 and 290:
Table 2: Human Development IndicesC
Page 291 and 292:
Table 4: World Bank Knowledge Econo
Page 293 and 294:
Table 6: Worldwide governance indic
Page 295 and 296:
Table 8: World Bank Economic Incent
Page 297 and 298:
Table 10: Gross enrolment ratio in
Page 299 and 300:
Table 12: World Bank Education and
Page 301 and 302:
Table 14: Regional literacy rates a
Page 303 and 304:
Table 17: Gross enrolment ratios in
Page 305 and 306:
Table 19: Time devoted to education
Page 307 and 308:
Table 21: Time devoted to secondary
Page 309 and 310:
Table 23: Enrolment in tertiary edu
Page 311 and 312:
Table 25: Number of specialists in
Page 313 and 314:
Table 27: School life expectancy in
Page 315 and 316:
Table 29: Government expenditure on
Page 317 and 318:
Table 31: Number of students from s
Page 319 and 320:
Table 33: World Bank Innovation Sys
Page 321 and 322:
Table 35: World Bank indicators for
Page 323 and 324:
(b) The growth of fixed and mobile
Page 325 and 326:
for example, technological under-pr
Page 327 and 328:
Table c-2: Classification of the Ar
Page 329:
End Notes1For example a news report
show all

Arab Knowledge Report 2009

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?