Gyraulus parvus (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Czech Republic

Harpalus (Harpalus) saxicolaBased on adult characters, the species was assigned, together with H. angulatus Putzeys and H.distinguendus (Duftschmid), to the “distinguendus” species aggregate. This taxonomical actionis fully supported by the larval morphology, particularly after a comparison with the larva of H.distinguendus. The species aggregate is characterised by the sagittiform nasale (Figs 37, 42), theshortened urogomphi, as well as by the secondary chaetotaxy of the antennae (Fig. 43), mandibles(Fig. 44) and the maxillae. Some of the characters, e.g. the somewhat similar shape of the nasale andthe secondary chaetotaxy may suggest a possible relationships to the “affinis” and “hospes”species aggregates.Harpalus (Harpalus) servusBased on adult characters, the species was assigned by Kataev 1995, together with 8 additionalspecies, to the “anxius” species aggregate. The larval morphology of H. anxius, H. servus and H.subcylindricus fully supports this action. The larvae of the named species are very difficult todistinguish. The species aggregate is mainly defined by the shape of the nasale with a small apicalemargination (Figs 46, 51), by the arrangement of the egg-bursters (Fig. 45), the shortened headappendages and urogomphi, and by the chaetotaxy of the legs (namely of the femora). Some of thecharacters are shared with the “pumilus” species aggregate (see above).The “latus” species aggregateKataev assigned 10 Palaearctic species to this species aggregate. About half of the species aredescribed in the larval stage in more or less details: H. latus, H. luteicornis, H. marginellus, H.solitaris and H. xanthopus winkleri. The larval features of this five species indicate that thespecies aggregate is likely not homogeneous. Harpalus luteicornis and H. xanthopus winkleriare related. Harpalus latus and H. solitaris differ by the shape of the mandible and nasale, thelarva of H. latus in addition by the conspicuously transverse head. The arrangement of the eggburstersis similar in all species examined. The species aggregate requires a taxonomic revisionbased on sufficient material of all larval instars.The comparison of both larval and adult characters of species of the genus Harpalus indicatesthat it is at present more proper to assign the related species to the species aggregates rather thanto separate subgenera. However, some of the species aggregates established by Kataev 1995should be re-examined.A c k n o w l e d g e m e n tThe senior author acknowledges the support of this study by the Research Project of the Ministry of Educationof the Czech Republic No. J 13/98113130004.REFERENCESARNDT E. 1991: Familie Carabidae. Pp.: 45–141. In: KLAUSNITZER B. (ed.): Die Larven der Käfer Mitteleuropas 1.Band 1 Adephaga. Krefeld: Goecke & Evers, 237 pp.BOUSQUET Y. 1985: Morphologie comparée des larves de Pterostichini (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Descriptions ettables de détermination des espces du nord-est de l’Amérique du nord. Natur. Can. (Rev. Écol. Syst.) 112:191–251.BOUSQUET Y. & GOULET H. 1984: Notation of primary setae and pores on larvae of Carabidae (Coleoptera:Adephaga). Can. J. Zool. 62: 573–588.BRANDMAYR P., FERRERO E. & ZETTO BRANDMAYR T. 1980: Larval versus imaginal taxonomy and the systematicstatus of the ground beetle taxa Harpalus and Ophonus (Coleoptera, Carabidae: Harpalini). Entomol. Gener. 6:335–353.CHU H. F. 1945: The Larvae of Harpalinae Unisetosae (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Entomol. Amer. 25: 1–71.118