30. Compare County of San Diego Registrar of Voters Contract No. 46619 between County of San Diego and DieboldElection Systems, Inc. and Diebold Incorporated at 20-21 (2003), available at http://accurate-voting.org/contracts/CA/San_Diego/CA_sandiego_2003.pdf (demonstrating an contractual obligation <strong>for</strong> the county to in<strong>for</strong>m the vendorof defects in the voting system with no similar obligation on the part of the vendor), with Contract No. 08455,Voting Equipment Agreement between Election Systems and Software, Inc. and Kansas Secretary of State at 7 (Nov.16, 2005) (stating that the contractor will notify the customer of any defects or problems that arise).31. E-mail from Jane Platten, Director, Cuyahoga County Board of Elections, to Lawrence Norden, May 27, 2010.32. For examples of a lag in vendor acknowledgement of voting system problems, see the case studies in this report fromButler County, Ohio (at pp. 10 - 11) and Humboldt County, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia (at pp. 12 - 13).33. By usability concerns we mean flaws in the machine’s programming, software or hardware that make poll worker orvoter error significantly more likely, and which lead to significant disenfranchisement.34. This appears to be precisely what occurred in Humboldt County, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia in 2008. This case is detailed on pages12 - 13.35. E-mail from Betty McGary, Executive Director, Butler County Board of Elections, to Lawrence Norden, SeniorCounsel, Brennan Center <strong>for</strong> Justice (May 17, 2010 11:58 EST) (on file with the Brennan Center); see also Letterfrom Betty McGary, Executive Director, and Lynn Kinkaid, Deputy Director, Butler County Board of Elections,to Dave Byrd, President, Premier Election Solutions (Apr. 4, 2008) (on file with the Brennan Center) [hereinafterMcGary Letter 1].36. Lynn Hulsey, Voting Machine Maker Says Error May Cause Votes to be Uncounted, Dayton Daily News, Aug. 23,2008, at A6.37. Editorial, That’s a Pretty Big Glitch, N.Y. Times, Oct. 9, 2008, at 36. The paper refers to the manufacturer in thisincident as Diebold.38. McGary Letter 1, supra note 35.39. Letter from Betty McGary, Executive Director, and Lynn Kinkaid, Deputy Director, Butler County Board of Elections,to Dave Byrd, President, Premier Election Solutions (Apr. 9, 2008) (on file with the Brennan Center).40. See Premier Election Solutions, Review of Butler County March 2008 Primary Election Issues (May2008).41. E-mail from Betty McGary to Lawrence Norden, supra note 35.42. Office of the Ohio Sec’y of State, Premier Memo (Aug. 21, 2008) (on file with the Brennan Center).43. Id.44. Id.; Letter from Dave Byrd, President, Premier Election Solutions, to Jennifer Brunner, Ohio Sec’y of State (Aug. 19,2008) (on file with the Brennan Center).45. Id.46. E-mail from Betty McGary to Lawrence Norden, supra note 35.47. Telephone Interview with Carolyn Crnich, Registrar of Voters, Humboldt County, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia (Sept. 29, 2009)[hereinafter Crnich Interview].48. Thaddeus Greenson, Software Glitch Yields Inaccurate Election Results, The Times-Standard, Dec. 12, 2008, http://www.times-standard.com/localnews/ci_11145349; Kim Zetter, Serious Error in Diebold Voting Software Caused LostBallots in Cali<strong>for</strong>nia County, Threat Level (Blog of Wired Magazine), Dec. 8, 2008, http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/12/unique-election [hereinafter Zetter 2008].100 | Brennan Center <strong>for</strong> Justice
49. E-mail from Carolyn Crnich, Clerk, Humboldt County, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia, to Lawrence Norden, Senior Counsel, BrennanCenter <strong>for</strong> Justice at New York University School of Law (May 1, 2010, 12:00 EST) (on file with the BrennanCenter).50. Id.51. Crnich Inteview, supra note 47.52. Zetter 2008, supra note 48; Jaikumar Vijayan, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Finds E-Voting Software Had Errors, Data Deletion Functions,Computerworld, Mar. 4, 2009.53. Debra Bowen, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Sec’y of State, Report to the Election Assistance Commission Concerning Errorsand Deficiencies in Diebold/Premier GEMS Version 1.18.19 2, 4 (2009).54. Errors and Deficiencies in Diebold/Premier GEMS version 1.18.19, Hearing be<strong>for</strong>e Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Secretary of State Panel19 (Mar. 17, 2009) (statement of Justin Bales, General Manager <strong>for</strong> Western States, Premier Elections Solutions)[hereinafter Bales Testimony].55. Crnich Interview, supra note 47.56. Bales Testimony, supra note 54, at 20.57. Crnich Interview, supra note 47.58. See Florida Division of Elections, Analysis and Report of Overvotes and Undervotes <strong>for</strong> the 2006 GeneralElection, General Over Undervote Table, available at http://election.dos.state.fl.us/reports/index.shtml.59. Mary K. Garber, Voting System Per<strong>for</strong>mance Problems – Conclusions and Recommendations, in Assessing ElectionAccuracy in Florida’s 2006 General Election: A Comparison of Voting System Per<strong>for</strong>mance Using Undervote Rates in StatewideRaces in Florida’s 2006 General Election (Dec. 2008) (unpublished manuscript, on file with the Brennan Center)[hereinafter Garber manuscript].60. Id.61. Id.62. Kim Zetter, Lost E-Votes Could Flip Napa Race, Wired, Mar. 15, 2004, available at http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2004/03/62655.63. Id.64. Id.65. Garber manuscript, supra note 59.66. Id.67. E-mail from Mary K. “Kitty” Garber, Associate Director, Florida Fair Elections Center, to Lawrence Norden, SeniorCounsel, Brennan Center <strong>for</strong> Justice at NYU School of Law (Apr. 12, 1010, 15:17 EST) (on file with the BrennanCenter).68. E-mail from Bill Cowles, Supervisor of Elections, Orange County, Florida, to Laura Seago, Research Associates,Brennan Center <strong>for</strong> Justice at NYU School of Law (May 5, 2010, 9:34 EST) (on file with the Brennan Center).69. Lawrence Norden, et. al., Is America Ready to Vote? State Preparations <strong>for</strong> Voting Machine Problemsin 2008 (Brennan Center 2008), available at http://www.<strong>brennan</strong><strong>center</strong>.org/content/resource/is_america_ready_to_vote [hereinafter Is America Ready to Vote].Brennan Center <strong>for</strong> Justice | 101
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IV.A BETTER WAY TO TRACK AND ADDRES
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its newly established Voting System
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Denise Lamb, who currently serves a
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Ms. Poucher has stated that it “w
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the CPSC may compel the manufacture
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Civil Division of the Department of
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C. Analogous RegimesCivil penalty p
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v. conclusionVoting is the most imp
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