Ecological Land Classification of Mount Revelstoke and Glacie r ...

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Table <strong>of</strong> ContentsFIGURES - . ._ _ .._-.-_.---.- . ..-_ ..-. .-...---_.--..--.-_...- . ._ . iTABLES - _iüPLATESv ÜACKNOWLEDGEMENTSABSTRACTxüiCHAPTER l' PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 1LOCATION, PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS 1LOCATION -' '''''''' ''-'--'' ' 1PHYSIOGRAPHY . ..--.-- . .- ._.-.-- . . ..-..-...----. ... 1DRAINAGE SYSTEMS . .--.----.. ._ ...-- ._ .-_.- . . 3CLIMATE .__._ . . . .---._ ._ . . .-.- . .- ---._ _._ . ._..._ . 4OVERVIEW AND EAST-WEST TRENDS - ._-.._ . . . ..-.-- ..--- ._ . 4CLIMATE AND ECOREGIONS --- -- 5GEOLOGY 9REGIONAL SETTING --- 9STRATI GBA9BJC FRAMEWORK . . ..-_- .-.---.-- ..- .--- ..-.- . ._ . ..- . ..- . 9STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK ''_ . ..' ' ' '''' ' . ..' . . .'__''''' ' . . .'' . . . _ _GEOMORPHOLOGY _l 0OVERVIEW-llUNCONSOLIDATED MINERAL COMPONENT 1 2ORGANIC, CONSOLIDATED, AND ICE COMPONENTS 2 3CHAPTER lI - SOILS .- ..- . ..--- .._- . . ._ . ._- ..__._-_ .- . . . .---.__-- . . ..-- 2 5INTRODUCTI ON -.- ._ . ..--- . . .__- ..-.--_ .- -- .- .._-_.-- 2 5METHODS OF SOIL DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS 25FIELD DESCRIPTION METHODS _--.--__ ._ . .- ._ ..-.--..---..-- 25LABORATORY METHODS --- . ...-- .-._--.-.-_.. . . . .--25SOILS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION - ..-- .-.- . .-..-.----.--.-..--- 20WELL DEVELOPED, WELL DRAINED SOILS 26WEAKLY DEVELOPED, WELL DRAINED SOILS 28WETLAND SOILS . .-._-- ...-.-.-_ .-.--_- . . .-_.-.- . . .- .%9EXCEPTIONAL SOILS ..--.---.. ...- . ..-- . . .-.. .-- ...-.--._---...30CHAPTER III - VEGETATION -... ._._ .- ..-- -.-_..- . .-33INTRODUCTION AND METHODS - -. .--.-- . . .33FIELD SAMPLING ._ . ._ -_-.--_ . ...- ..-_-- ..-_.- . .- .. 3 3VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION ._-..-- ..---_ .._--.--...--.. .33E[K%REGICND -._-_ --_----._--.-.--.. ..-_-_..- ._..---- . .-34VEGETATION TYPE DESCRIPTIONS -._-.--_.-- ..-.--- .-.-- . .-....-37CLOSED FOREST VEGETATION TYPES ._ . ..---._ -_ . . . ._.-__-.--.- .-37OPEN FOREST VEGETATION TYPES _ .- .... ..-_. . .-.- .-53SHRUB VEGETATION TYPES . ..--- .- . . . ... ._ --- h2LOW SHRUB-HERB VEGETATION TYPES -- .-_ .-- . . ._..-.--.---_ . ..-69HERB-DWARF SHRUB VEGETATION TYPES 70SUCCESSION AND CLIMAX _. .-.-.-.----.. . . .-79INTRODUCTI ON - . .--.--.- . . ._ . .- 7gINTERIOR CEDAR-HEMLOCK ECOREGION 8 1ENGELMANN SPRUCE-SUBALPINE FIR ECOREGION 8 1ALPINE ECOREGION . .- . . .---.. .-.----DlWETLANDS -._- ._ . . .-- . .--- ---- .- . . . .- .0lSIGNIFICANT FEATURES --- .-.--.. .-- .- .-.-_ . . .-._.- 82RARE SPECIES ----.--_- . . . ..-- ..--._... . .- .O%OTHER SIGNIFICANT BOTANICAL FEATURES 82CHAPTER IV - WILDLIFE ---.----.-. ._.---- .-.-- .-..-._..-.---.-85I NTRODUCTION _.__ ..---.--.-. .-.--.--- .- .-..---.-.- D5GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WILDLIFE 85METHODS . .--.-.-- ..--- . . ._---.- .D5SAMPLING RATIONALE .-_ . . . . ._-- .06FIELD SAMPLING - . ..---.-.-._--- . . .--.-- .88ECOLOGICAL INTEGRATION - .-_-. . .---_._..--- ..~__8 7SPECIES ASSEMBLAGES .-_ ..----.--- ..---- . ..--. .88SMALL MAMMAL ASSOCIATIONS _ . . .---.----.-_- .-.- .89
Page 1: Alberta Instituteof PedologyUnivers
Page 5 and 6: FIGURESLocation and drainage system
Page 7 and 8: 29. Stands of the aspen-western whi
Page 9 and 10: PLATE S1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .1
Page 11 and 12: 35. Sampled Orthic Humo-Ferric Podz
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SThe Ecological (Bi
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER I - PHYSICAL ENVIRONMEN TLO
Page 17 and 18: Massive, highly resistant lithologi
Page 19 and 20: Table 1 . Temperature (°C) ranges
Page 21 and 22: Table 3. Mean annual precipitation
Page 23 and 24: ALPINE ECOREGIONThe Alpine Ecoregio
Page 25 and 26: Fig . 2. Major bedrock groups of Mo
Page 27 and 28: Table 5 . Characteristics of modal
Page 29 and 30: sparsely vegetated and unvegetated
Page 31 and 32: Glaciation was a major factor shapi
Page 33 and 34: ICE CONTACT STRATIFIED GENETIC MATE
Page 35 and 36: Table 10 . Characteristics of Glaci
Page 37 and 38: Table 12 . Characteristics of Eolia
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER II - SOILSW .S. Taylor, B .
Page 41 and 42: and Al, has accumulated . Two of th
Page 43 and 44: Some stable landscapes have weakly
Page 45 and 46: Because these eluviated soils are i
Page 47 and 48: Table 13 . Ecological moisture regi
Page 49 and 50: ENGELMANN SPRUCE - SUBALPINE FIR EC
Page 51 and 52: Table 14 . Stands of the Engelmann
Page 53 and 54:
Table 15 . Stands of the Engelmann
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Table 18 . Stands of the spruce-asp
Page 59 and 60:
Table 19 . Stands of the mountain h
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Table 21 . Stands of the mountain h
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C50 is successionally mature with s
Page 65 and 66:
Table 24 . Stands of the western he
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Table 25 . Stands of the Douglas fi
Page 69 and 70:
Vegetation : The open tree layer (5
Page 71 and 72:
Table 28 . Stands of the spruce/Lab
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Table 30 . Stands of the subalpine
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Table 33. Stands of the Engelmann s
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Table 35. Stands of the green alder
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Table 37. Stands of the willow (S15
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Table 39 . Stands of the heather-ev
Page 85 and 86:
H2 : Carex nigricans- Antennaria la
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H11 : Carex aquatilis-Carex rostrat
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Table 44 . Stands of the saxicolous
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H18: Antennaria lanata-Cassiope mer
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Table 47 . Stands of the sedge (H21
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SIGNIFICANT FEATURESRARE SPECIESThe
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CHAPTER IV - WILDLIFEL .W. Gyug and
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calculated for each Ecosite and v .
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it may not be necessary . Consequen
Page 103 and 104:
meadows within Lower Subalpine clos
Page 105 and 106:
Additional SpeciesRichardson's wate
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Lower Subalpine burnSMALL MAMMAL AS
Page 109 and 110:
in combination with other definitiv
Page 111 and 112:
Avalanche slopeBREEDING BIRD COMMUN
Page 113 and 114:
Definitive SpeciesRosy Finch .617 W
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Additional SpeciesRed-breasted Nuth
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Gray Jay .032 Orange-crowned Warble
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Additional SpeciesChestnut -backed
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national parks, as initiated by the
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Table 48 . Organization of Ecosecti
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Fig . 7 . Legend for landscape sche
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SOILSMost AB1 soils are moderately
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Fig . 9 . Landscape schematic of to
Page 131 and 132:
VEGETATIONAK1, AK2, and AK4 have si
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Breeding Birds: Communities 7 and 1
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strongly developed B horizons (Orth
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DISCUSSION AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERA
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Table 57 . Definitive f- Itures of
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CT - CUTBANK ECOSECTIO NThe CT Ecos
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Soil development in the well draine
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CT4 Wildlife FeaturesUngulates: CT4
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Landform surface expression for bot
Page 149 and 150:
Table62 . Wildlife features of GF E
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Table 64 .Wildlife features of GH E
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Table 66 .Wildlife features of HE E
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Fig. 12 . Landscape schematic of to
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VEGETATIO NThe well forested HR Eco
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Small Mammals: Association 11A .HR5
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horizons but is more often patchy .
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and Hermit Thrush . The abundance o
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VEGETATIO NJN2 is characterized by
Page 167 and 168:
Table74 . Wildlife features of KX E
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Table 76 . Wildlife features of LK
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Table 78 . Wildlife features of LR
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Fig . 14 . Landscape schematic of t
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NC6 is characterized by open mixedw
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oulder fields, deer mice, western j
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SOILSWell drained Dystric Brunisols
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Table82 . Wildlife features of RD E
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WR - WITCH TOWER ECOSECTIO NThe Wit
Page 185 and 186:
B - BURNEDThe Ecosite Modifier Burn
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M tracts account for 1 .4% of MRNP
Page 189 and 190:
LITERATURE CITEDAchuff, P .L . 1982
Page 191 and 192:
Clements, F.E. 1916 . Plant success
Page 193 and 194:
Hartigan, J . 1983 . Cluster analys
Page 195 and 196:
Lea, E .C . 1983 . Explanatory lege
Page 197 and 198:
Raup, H .M . 1934 . Phytogeographic
Page 199 and 200:
Walker, B .D., S. Kojima, W .D . Ho
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APPENDIX A - PLANTS OF MOUNT REVELS
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APOCYNACEAEApocynum androsaemifoliu
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Arnica louiseana Farr GArnica molli
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Kalmia polifolia Wang . var . micro
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Epilobium palustre L . GEpilobium w
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RUBIACEAEGalium trifidum L . GGaliu
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Viola reni folia Gra yViola rugulos
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Poa reflexa Vasey & Scribn . GPoa r
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Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad .)
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Pohlia drummondii (C . Muell .) And
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Lecidea granulosa (Hoffm .) Ach .Le
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APPENDIX B - ANIMALS OF MOUNT REVEL
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Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus
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Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeu
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Ecoregion (or subdivision) in which
Page 231 and 232:
APPENDIX D - PEDON DESCRIPTIONS AND
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Table D2 . Pedon (Alberta 1983 No .
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1 OsPi'; I oeNOUu1-1 e ea1r4. F.é~
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Table D6 . Pedon (Alberta 1983 No .
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i iWTlltlt ;T T T N W WW N WHsaaaaa
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Table D10. Pedon (Alberta 1982 No .
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ZUD• $ Y Z é~p 4 0 L > y ~Y JpQd
Page 245 and 246:
Table D14 . Pedon (Alberta 1983 No
Page 247 and 248:
Table D16. Pedon (Alberta 1983 No.
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
33) describing an Eluviated Dystric
Page 257 and 258:
Table D26 . Pedon (Alberta 1983 No.
Page 259 and 260:
Table D28 . Pedon (Alberta 1983 No.
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
APPENDIX E - VEGETATION TYPES OF MO
Page 269 and 270:
LOW SHRUB-HERB VEGETATION TYPE SL5
Page 271 and 272:
4 . Sampled Orthic Dystri cHrunisol
Page 273 and 274:
lït . Sampled Eluvialed Dyslri c13
Page 275 and 276:
27 . Sampled undefined soil of 2J .
Page 277 and 278:
40 . Sampled Orthic Ilcno -Ferric P
Page 279 and 280:
52 . Sampled Orthic Dystri cBrnniso
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Ecological Land Classification of Mount Revelstoke and Glacie r ...

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