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Student services accounted for $2,927 (20.9 percent); it includes $1,754 on advising, $569 oncareer and employment services, and $604 on tutoring. Course enrollment accounted for $1,558(11.1 percent); it includes $1,363 for course blocks and $195 (1.4 percent) for the ASAPseminar. Financial supports accounted for $3,305 (23.6 percent); it includes $1,749 for Metro-Cards, $1,106 for textbooks, and $451 for tuition waivers. A detailed description of eachspending category is listed below.Administration and Staffing• Administration covers the cost of administrative staff at the individual collegesand ASAP’s central office who run and manage ASAP throughout theCUNY system. It includes the director of the program, program coordinator,clerical staff, and a small percentage of costs associated with fiscal services.• Research and evaluation covers the cost of CUNY’s internal and ongoingevaluation of the ASAP program. It pays for two full-time employees and informationmanagement systems associated with institutional capacity building,internal program evaluation, and program improvement. It does not includecosts associated with the MDRC evaluation of ASAP.• Other covers the cost of the student leadership program, office supplies, professionaldevelopment, consultants, travel costs, marketing materials, computers,and an indirect institutional charge specific to the CUNY ResearchFoundation and Office of Academic Affairs.Student Services• Advising covers the cost of ASAP advisers. ASAP advisers had smallercaseloads per adviser (60 to 80 students compared with the norm of 600 to1,500 students per adviser). These small caseloads allowed advisers to meetwith ASAP students more frequently and for longer periods of time.• Tutoring covers the cost of ASAP tutoring services. ASAP students in developmentalcourses or on academic probation are required to attend academictutoring lessons separate from the normal college services.enrollments decline with time, so the first year covers the cost of most students. Even if the cost per full-timestudent remained constant over time, the cost per sample member would still decline because some samplemembers drop out over time. Additionally, the ASAP seminar only occurs within the first few semesters, afterwhich ASAP students are not offered the service.75