The Catawba Project

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Catawba potters traveled from New Town to build and sell their wares on plantationsand in towns throughout South Carolina. This itinerant trade supplied much neededincome for Catawba families, and regularly renewed the Catawbas’ political ties withCarolina’s elites.“… it was the custom of the CatawbaIndians … to come down, at certainseasons, from their far homes in theinterior, to the seaboard, bringing toCharleston a little stock of earthenpots and pans … which they barteredin the city ….They did not, however, bring theirpots and pans from the nation, butdescending to the Lowcountry emptyhanded, in groups or families, theysquatted down on the rich clay landsalong the Edisto, … there establishedthemselves in a temporary abidingplace, until their simple potteries hadyielded them a sufficient supply ofwares with which to throw themselvesinto the market.”William Gilmore Simms, 1841Rachael BrownCatawba potter,1907
Late Reservation Period (1821–1840)Catawba families abandoned NewTown after the death of SallyNew River (ca. 1820) and movedacross to the river to join theremainder of the Catawbacommunity. The Catawba Nationmaintained it’s reserve until 1840,when leaders signed the Treaty ofNation Ford and ceded the tribe’slands to the state of SouthCarolina. Most of the communitythen moved to join the EasternBand Cherokees in NorthCarolina, but returned in the late1840s to the old CatawbahomelandsDrayton Map, 1822
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Archaeologyin the OldCatawba Nation
Page 6 and 7:
When John Lawson explored the inter
Page 8 and 9:
The powerful native alliance that d
Page 10 and 11: One key to Catawba survival andsucc
Page 12 and 13: During the French and Indian Wars (
Page 14 and 15: The Archaeology of mid-18 th centur
Page 16 and 17: Archaeological investigations at Na
Page 18 and 19: Most houses at Nassaw included smal
Page 20 and 21: Incised Bowl DecorationsFolded & No
Page 22 and 23: Nassaw and Weyapee yielded thousand
Page 24 and 25: Abundant gunparts and ammunition re
Page 26 and 27: Cherokee carvedstone tobacco pipesE
Page 28 and 29: 1759 1762The devastating smallpox e
Page 30 and 31: Samuel Wyly’s 1763 survey of the
Page 32 and 33: The 2003 investigations at Old Town
Page 34 and 35: pedestal bases & foot ringspedestal
Page 36 and 37: ulletmoldlead shotGunparts and ammu
Page 38 and 39: ass tinkler conesglass beadscufflin
Page 40 and 41: 2009 investigations at Old Town rev
Page 42 and 43: These excavations revealed multiple
Page 44 and 45: Extent of 2003 and 2009 excavations
Page 46 and 47: Catawbapan fragmentsred sealing wax
Page 48 and 49: Catawba Land Leases“These lands a
Page 50 and 51: Cabin Outline (est.)Tree Disturbanc
Page 52 and 53: Elevated chimney bases at Loci 4and
Page 54 and 55: pistol lockgunflintsbrass escutcheo
Page 56 and 57: English hand-painted pearlwareNew T
Page 58 and 59: Red-Painted Rim & Body SherdsCup Bo
Page 62 and 63: Strategies that enabled the Catawba
Page 64 and 65: Unfortunately, this rich heritage i
Page 66 and 67: The problem of site destruction is
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The Catawba Project

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