book for PDF - John Snow International Europe

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Food securityAlways include perennial crops (such as fruit trees, moringa, pigeonpea, Madagascar bean, cassava,) in the garden and maize area so thatthere will always be something growing even during the dry season orduring dry spells. This will ensure that your family has healthy food allyear round.Because water is often scarce during the rainy season you may not beable to grow any vegetables or crops. To have a good supply of healthyfood all year round you can grow crops that can be stored such aspumpkins, squash and sweet potato. Other vegetables can be dried suchas green vegetables, tomatoes, onions, carrots and green beans. Topreserve nutrients dry vegetables in the shade or use a solar drier.Crop selectionThe type of crop that you choose to grow depends on:• the size of your land• water availability• soil type• waterloggingChouchous are a usefulcreeping perennialcrop that can be grownup walls and on fencesin urban areas. The leavescan be eaten like pumpkinleaves once the stringhas been removed.The fruit can beadded to stews orused to thicken soup.37
Crop selectionThere are five main types of crop: leaf, fruit, root, leguminous, andgrain. See the section on pest control for more on crop rotation.See the table opposite for crop characteristics.Some crops do better in winter while others grow better in summer.You can get high prices for crops grown out of season but they must beprotected from heat or frost.Grow plants in beneficial groups with pest controllers, soil improvers,groundcovers, climbers and shelter plants.Crop characteristicsWinter cropsSummer cropsSun-loving(10-12hrs/ day)Semi -shade(8-10 hrs/ day)Shade-tolerantWater-lovingcabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, peas,garlic, potatoes, onions, carrots, leeks,lettuce, broad beans and beetrootmaize, sweet potatoes, cucumber,pumpkin, cowpeas, brinjals, chillies,peppers, paprika, and runner beansfruit and vine vegetablesleaf and root vegetablescocoyams, amaranth, tumeric, gingersugar cane, banana, cocoyams38
Page 2 and 3: Text and illustrations: Anna Brazie
Page 4 and 5: ContentIntroductionHow to use this
Page 6: IntroductionThis book aims to help
Page 9: What is a healthy diet?To stay stro
Page 12 and 13: Positive EatingHIV positive people
Page 14 and 15: Careful cookingTo get the most from
Page 16 and 17: Protein, iron and B vitamins contin
Page 18 and 19: Liquid. Drink at least 8 cupsof cle
Page 20 and 21: Steps in establishing Low Input Gar
Page 22 and 23: Looking at resourcesResources are t
Page 24 and 25: Map of Chikanga Primary School, Mut
Page 26 and 27: Designing different areasVegetable
Page 28 and 29: Example of a household design27
Page 30 and 31: Cropping areasDuring the rainy seas
Page 32 and 33: Example of acropping areadesignSurr
Page 34 and 35: Part of anactionplan forahouseholdg
Page 36 and 37: How to mix cropsGrow at least five
Page 40 and 41: Drought-tolerantHeavy -feedersModer
Page 42 and 43: Propagation and plantingIf you want
Page 44 and 45: Seedlingsgrown byvolunteersfrom New
Page 46 and 47: Protecting the seedlings:• remove
Page 48 and 49: MulchMulch is any material used to
Page 50 and 51: Water harvestingoff roofs and roads
Page 52 and 53: Finding the level point of an A-fra
Page 54 and 55: Using grey waterDivert waste water
Page 56 and 57: Soil improvement for vegetable and
Page 58 and 59: How to make compost:• Find a cool
Page 60 and 61: Soil improvement for annual cropsTr
Page 62 and 63: TrellisingSlugs, snails and manybac
Page 64 and 65: Crop familiesChenopodiaceaeComposit
Page 66 and 67: Traps• Light traps placed in the
Page 68 and 69: Chilli and garlic sprayThis useful
Page 70 and 71: Controls for common pests and disea
Page 72 and 73: Diseases, fungi, bacteria and virus
Page 74 and 75: HarvestingRemember food contains mo
Page 76 and 77: What price?Aim to make a profit. Yo
Page 78 and 79: Poultry recordsDate No. eggs No. eg
Page 80 and 81: Fertility trenchGoalGrey waterGroun
Page 82 and 83: SubsoilSwaleTopsoilTrap cropTreeTre
Page 84 and 85: ComfreySymphytumofficinale -Madagas
Page 86 and 87: Appendix 2:Names of plants inEnglis
Page 88 and 89:
English Latin Ndebele Shona87Mexica
Page 90 and 91:
Crop/ Uses Cultivation tipsNutrient
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