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The Role of Auxin in Cell Elongation• According to the acid growth hypothesis, auxinstimulates proton pumps in the plasmamembrane• The proton pumps lower the pH in the cell wall,activating expansins, enzymes that loosen thewall’s fabric• With the cellulose loosened, the cell canelongateCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 39-8Cross-linkingpolysaccharidesCell wall–looseningenzymes3 Expansins separatemicrofibrils from crosslinkingpolysaccharides.ExpansinCellulosemicrofibrilCELL WALL4 Cleaving allowsmicrofibrils to slide.H 2O2 Cell wallbecomesmore acidic.PlasmamembraneCellwall1 Auxinincreasesproton pumpactivity.Plasma membraneCYTOPLASMNucleus CytoplasmVacuole5 Cell can elongate.
Page 1 and 2: Chapter 39Plant Responses to Intern
Page 3 and 4: Fig. 39-1
Page 5 and 6: • A potato left growing in darkne
Page 7 and 8: • A potato’s response to light
Page 9 and 10: Reception• Internal and external
Page 11 and 12: Fig. 39-4-1Reception1 2Transduction
Page 13 and 14: Fig. 39-4-3CellwallReception1 2Ligh
Page 15 and 16: Transcriptional Regulation• Speci
Page 17 and 18: De-Etiolation (“Greening”) Prot
Page 19 and 20: The Discovery of Plant Hormones•
Page 21 and 22: Fig. 39-5RESULTSControlLightShadeds
Page 23 and 24: Fig. 39-5bRESULTSDarwin and Darwin:
Page 25 and 26: Fig. 39-5cRESULTSBoysen-Jensen: pho
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 39-6RESULTSExcised tip placedo
Page 29 and 30: Table 39-1
Page 31: Fig. 39-7RESULTSCell 1100 µmCell 2
Page 35 and 36: Auxins as Herbicides• An overdose
Page 37 and 38: Cytokinins• Cytokinins are so nam
Page 39 and 40: Control of Apical Dominance• Cyto
Page 41 and 42: Anti-Aging Effects• Cytokinins re
Page 43 and 44: Stem Elongation• Gibberellins sti
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 39-10(b) Gibberellin-induced f
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 39-111 Gibberellins (GA)send s
Page 49 and 50: Abscisic Acid• Abscisic acid (ABA
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 39-12Early germinationin red m
Page 53 and 54: Ethylene• Plants produce ethylene
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 39-130.00 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.80E
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 39-14ein mutantctr mutant(a) e
Page 59 and 60: Leaf Abscission• A change in the
Page 61 and 62: Fruit Ripening• A burst of ethyle
Page 63 and 64: Concept 39.3: Responses to light ar
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 39-161.0436 nmPhototropic effe
Page 67 and 68: Fig. 39-16bLightTime = 0 minTime =
Page 69 and 70: Blue-Light Photoreceptors• Variou
Page 71 and 72: Phytochromes and Seed Germination
Page 73 and 74: • Red light increased germination
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 39-UN1Red lightP rP frFar-red
Page 77 and 78: Fig. 39-19SynthesisP rRed lightP fr
Page 79 and 80: Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhy
Page 81 and 82: • Circadian rhythms are cycles th
Page 83 and 84:
Photoperiodism and Responses to Sea
Page 85 and 86:
Critical Night Length• In the 194
Page 87 and 88:
Fig. 39-2124 hours(a) Short-day (lo
Page 89 and 90:
Fig. 39-2224 hoursRRFRRFRRRFRRFRCri
Page 91 and 92:
A Flowering Hormone?• The floweri
Page 93 and 94:
Meristem Transition and Flowering
Page 95 and 96:
Gravity• Response to gravity is k
Page 97 and 98:
Fig. 39-24Statoliths20 µm(a) Root
Page 99 and 100:
Mechanical Stimuli• The term thig
Page 101 and 102:
• Thigmotropism is growth in resp
Page 103 and 104:
Fig. 39-26ab(a) Unstimulated state(
Page 105 and 106:
Environmental Stresses• Environme
Page 107 and 108:
Flooding• Enzymatic destruction o
Page 109 and 110:
Salt Stress• Salt can lower the w
Page 111 and 112:
Cold Stress• Cold temperatures de
Page 113 and 114:
Defenses Against Herbivores• Herb
Page 115 and 116:
• Plants damaged by insects can r
Page 117 and 118:
• A virulent pathogen is one that
Page 119 and 120:
The Hypersensitive Response• The
Page 121 and 122:
Systemic Acquired Resistance• Sys
Page 123 and 124:
Fig. 39-UN3Photoreversible states o
Page 125 and 126:
Fig. 39-UN5
Page 127 and 128:
5. Distinguish between short-day, l
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