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Chapter Two is a review of available literature, which is related to themechanism of arterial stiffness, development of non-invasive measurementtechniques and clinical implications.Chapter Three illustrates the immediate and 24 hour reproducibility of the noninvasivemeasurement technique on healthy adults.Exercise capacity is related to arterial stiffness as cardiac output is determinedby aortic compliance. Acute exercise results in immediate changes in arterialcompliance by increasing vasodilatation. Exercise capacity varies with anumber of factors such as ethnicity, lifestyle, presence of cardiovascular risketc. Chapter Four demonstrates changes in non-invasive arterial stiffnessimmediately after a sub-maximal exercise. The non-invasive measurements arecompared with exercise capacity measured by a standard metabolic analyser.Further, this chapter also compares the findings between two different ethnicgroups living in the UK.Young people with obesity have higher risk of arterial stiffness. Earlier diagnosiscan help to reduce cardiac risk. Chapter Five demonstrates the relationshipbetween non-invasive arterial stiffness measurements and adiposity, which iscalculated from skinfold thickness in young Indian adults.Erectile dysfunction is a marker of cardiovascular disease. Chapter Six is areview of available literature on the pathophysiology and relationship betweenerectile dysfunction and arterial stiffness and the role of cardiac rehabilitationprogrammes in treating erectile dysfunction.8