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Sold down the river - Salva le Foreste

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REFERENCES 71ReferencesPart I Regional Overview1 Cited in Witte J, 1992, “Deforestation in Zaire:Logging and Land<strong>le</strong>ssness”, The Ecologist Vol 22No 22 DFID, 2000, Report of <strong>the</strong> Preliminary Workshop on<strong>the</strong> Contribution of <strong>the</strong> Forestry Sector to PovertyAl<strong>le</strong>viation in Cameroon, Kribi, Jan 31 to Feb 01,2000, E Hakizumwami and C. Milol eds3 Ibid4 Hardwoodmarkets.com, September 20005 Brown K and F Ekoko, 2001, “Forest Encounters:Synergy among agents of forest change in sou<strong>the</strong>rnCameroon”, Society and Natural Resources, 14 inpress6 Ibid7 Luling V and J Kenrick, 1998, Forest Foragers ofTropical Africa, Survival International8 Colchester M, D. Jackson and J. Kenrick, 1998,“Forest Peop<strong>le</strong>s of <strong>the</strong> Congo Basin: pastexploitation, present threats and future prospects”,in The Congo Basin – Human and NaturalResources, Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands Committee for IUCN,Amsterdam.9 WWF Belgium, 1997, La Filière Bois dans la ZoneUDEAC10 Ngoun J, 1999, “Pygmies and Industrial Logging:The Case of <strong>the</strong> Bagyeli of Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Cameroun”,paper presented at <strong>the</strong> International Conference ofForest Ecosystems and Development in <strong>the</strong> Southand East of Cameroun, Yaoundé, 16-17 February199911 Colchester M, 1994, Slave and Enclave, WRM,Penang12 The Sunday Times (UK), 14th November 199913 Hardwoodmarkets.com, June 200014 See, for examp<strong>le</strong>, High Stakes, <strong>the</strong> first publicationin this report series.15 Marchés Tropicaux, 26 Mai 200016 Gerard N, 1999, “The EU and tropical forests: ona new track”, FERN news<strong>le</strong>tter17 Ibid18 Hardwoodmarkets.com, December 2000, p3.19 Ibid, p.1120 Johnson S, 2000, “Success and Responsibility in<strong>the</strong> Tropical Timber Market”. ITTO News<strong>le</strong>tter, v10,n321 <strong>le</strong>tter to <strong>the</strong> Operations Evaluation Department of<strong>the</strong> World Bank from Rainforest Action Network(13/05/2000)22 Enviro-Protect, 1997, Il<strong>le</strong>gal logging and timbertrade in Cameroon: background and consequences23 Ibid24 Callister D, 1999, Corrupt and Il<strong>le</strong>gal Activities in<strong>the</strong> Forestry Sector: Current understandings andimplications for World Bank forest policy. Draft.25 http://www.fern.org/Trade/acceptance_of_environmental_and_.htm. 25/01/01. For a ful<strong>le</strong>rdiscussion of this issue p<strong>le</strong>ase see <strong>the</strong> trade section of<strong>the</strong> Fern web site.26 PPR, 1999, Annual Report and group websitewww.pprgroup.com/uk27 ATIBT information sheet and ATIBT web site28 Pers comm. president of ATIBT, 3rd January 2001The Moabi Issue1 Schneemann J, 1995, “Exploitation of Moabi in <strong>the</strong>Humid Dense Forests of Cameroon. Harmonizationand improvement of two conflicting ways ofexploitation of <strong>the</strong> same forest resource.” In BOSNiEuWSLETTER no. 31, vol. 14 (2)2 Ibid3 Ibid4 Schneemann J, 1994, Étude sur l’utilisation del’arbre moabi dans l’est-cameroun, SNV ; LDebroux, 1998, L’aménagement des forêts tropica<strong>le</strong>sfondé sur la gestion des populations d’arbres:l’exemp<strong>le</strong> du moabi (Biallonella toxisperma Pierre)dans la forêt du Dja, Cameroon Laurent Debroux,1998, PhD Dissertation, Faculté universitaire dessciences agronomiques de Gembloux5 Schneemann J, 19956 Schneemann J, 19957 Brisson, 1988, “Utilisation des plantes par <strong>le</strong>sPygmées Baka”, in J Schneemann, 19948 Schneemann J, 19949 Schneemann J 199510 Schneemann J 199511 Schneemann J12 Pers Comm Filip Verbe<strong>le</strong>n13 ATIBT News<strong>le</strong>tter July 1999 based on SGS14 Breugel van M. and T. Wanders 1995 Forestry inEquatorial Guinea , Department of Forestry,Agricultural University of Wageningen ; Wagenigen1995 and OCIPEF15 Schneemann J, 199416 Schneemann J, 199417 Schneemann J 199518 Debroux L, 199819 Schneemann J 199520 Greenpeace, 2000, Against <strong>the</strong> Law: <strong>the</strong> G8 and<strong>the</strong> il<strong>le</strong>gal timber trade ; Nantes, Maquis Tropical,La Flèche No. 34, 1999, p. 16.21 Debroux L, 199822 Debroux L, 1998 ; J Schneemann, 199523 Essama-Nssah B and James J. Gockowski, 2000,Forest sector development in a Difficult PoliticalEconomy: An evaluation of Cameroon’s ForestDevelopment and World Bank Assistance,Preliminary report, Operations EvaluationDepartment World BankIndigenous Uses For The Sapelli Tree InNor<strong>the</strong>rn Congo1 Bahuchet 1972.2 Motte (1979:99) reports <strong>the</strong> use of sapelli bark andtrunk in <strong>the</strong> treatment of abscesses by <strong>the</strong> AkaPygmies of <strong>the</strong> Central African Republic.Part II Country Profi<strong>le</strong>sCameroon1 Eba’a Atyi R, 1998, Cameroon’s Logging Industry:Structure, Economic Importance and Effects ofDevaluation, Occasional Paper No 14, CIFOR2 Jubi<strong>le</strong>e 2000 country profi<strong>le</strong>,www.jubi<strong>le</strong>e2000ukorg/profi<strong>le</strong>/cameroon.html3 http://www.transparency.org/documents/cpi/1998/index.html4 WRM/FM, 1998, High Stakes5 DFID, 20006 Global Forest Watch, 2000, An overview of loggingin Cameroon7 Global Forest Watch, 2000, Cameroon8 Global Forest Watch, 20009 Hardwoodmarkets.com, june 200010 Ibid11 Ibid12 Ibid13 Ibid14 Tropical Timbers, 1999, vol 14 no 915 Ibid ; hardwoodmarkets August 200016 http://www.greenpeace.be/index_main.php3?taal=f&vx=317 A World Bank document seen during ForestMovement Europe meeting 1999 obtained byRainforest Action Network18 Pers. Comm. a representative of <strong>the</strong> country <strong>le</strong>adingEU negotiations on this issue, Yaoundé, 10/199919 Brown K and F Ekoko, 200120 Ibid21 MINEF/Banque mondia<strong>le</strong>, Août 1999, Rapport dela mission conjointe dans la province de l’Est22 Pers Comm. Maryvonne Bretin-Wink<strong>le</strong>mo<strong>le</strong>n, alsoJerome Lewis23 Kenrick J and V Luling, 199824 Marchés Tropicaux et Mediterranéens, 11/12/1992‘The goat grazes where it is tied’1 Max Weber, Economie et société, p.352.2 Ibid, p. 342.3 Ibid, p. 327.4 World Bank, 1998, Report and Recommendation of<strong>the</strong> President of <strong>the</strong> International DevelopmentAssociation to <strong>the</strong> Executive Directors on aproposed credit of SDR 133.5 million to <strong>the</strong>Republic of Cameroon for a Third StructuralAdjustment Credit, p. 17.5 MINEF/Banque mondia<strong>le</strong>, Août 1999, p. 5.6 Global Forest Watch, Cameroon, 2000, p. 48.CAR1 African Development Bank, 1999, Basic Indicatorson African Countries2 Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UK), 1999,Central African Republic Background Briefing3 Government of CAR, 2000, Memorandum ofEconomic and Financial Policies for 2001,<strong>down</strong>loaded from www.imf.org4 Jubi<strong>le</strong>e 2000, CAR Country Profi<strong>le</strong>,www.jubi<strong>le</strong>e2000uk.org5 Stenberg M, 1995, Rainforest of <strong>the</strong> Central AfricanRepublic, Minor Field Study, January-March 1995,Valla Folk Highschool, Linkoping, Friends of <strong>the</strong>Earth Sweden.6 Government of CAR, 20007 Ministère de l’environnement, des eaux, forêts,chasses et pêches (MEEFCP), Les Chiffres ClésSecteur Forestier8 MEEFCP communication9 WWF Belgium, 199710 Ecofac, 1999, “Initiation à la biogéographie: Suivide l’application d’un plan d’aménagement enCentrafrique”, Canopée n. 14 May 199911 Stenberg M, 199512 Stenberg M, 199513 MEEFCP, 1997, Inventaire des Forêts du sud-ouestCentrafricain, Direction des Forêts14 WWF Belgium, 199715 Ibid16 Ibid17 MEEFCP, 199718 MEEFCP, Fiche Signalétique des SociétésForestières en Centrafrique19 WWF Belgium, 199720 Ibid21 Ibid ; M Stenberg, 199522 WWF Belgium, 199723 Economist Intelligence Unit, 1999, Cameroon andCentral African Republic – Country report ,Q324 Ibid25 MEEFCP, Les Chiffres Clés Secteur Forestier26 Hardwoodmarkets.com, September 200027 ITTO news<strong>le</strong>tter v10 n328 World Association of Newspapers and <strong>the</strong> WorldEditors Forum. 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Indigenous Rights in Africa :The Case of <strong>the</strong> Twa of <strong>the</strong> Kahuzi-Biega NationalPark, Democratic Republic of Congo. Publ byIWGIA and Forest Peop<strong>le</strong>s Programme.46 WRM and Forests Monitor, 1998, High Stakes47 Field visit, 1999 and AIDEnvironment, 2000Equatorial Guinea1 African Development Bank Group, 19992 World Bank, 2000, Country Review3 Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UK),Background Briefing4 Forindeco, 1993, “Forestry and EnvironmentalPolicy, Forest Legislation and Fiscality, forestconcession policy, mimeo (first draft for comments)”in Breugel and Wanders 1995 ; and Mr. TeodoroNguema Obiang, Minster of Forests and <strong>the</strong>Environment, 1998, Les Ecosystemes des ForêtsDenses et Humides d’Afrique Centra<strong>le</strong> – Actes de laDeuxième Conférence, Bata 8 Juin 19985 Kenrick J and V Luling, 19986 Breugel van M. and T. Wanders, 1995, Forestry inEquatorial Guinea, Department of Forestry,Agricultural University of Wageningen7 Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UK), 19998 Ibid9 Ibid10 http://www.amnestyusa.org/ailib/aireport/ar99s/afr24.htm11 http://amnesty.cupboard.org/cgi-bin/eatsoup.cgi?id=116612 http://amnesty.cupboard.org/cgi-bin/eatsoup.cgi?id=22813 Ibid14 IUCN, 1998, La Conservación de los EcosistemasForesta<strong>le</strong>s de Guinea Ecuatorial en los albores delaño 2000, Oficina Regional de la UICN para AfricaCentral.15 http://www.ecofac.org/Composantes/GuineeEquatMonteA<strong>le</strong>n.htm16 Greenpeace España, 2000, Deforestación y Pobrezaen África Tropical – La insostenibilidad social,ambiental y económica de la explotación forestal delos bosques tropica<strong>le</strong>s de África17 Breugel van M and T Wanders, 199518 Greenpeace España, 200019 IUCN, 199820 Ibid21 Ibid22 WWF Belgium, 199723 IUCN, 199824 artic<strong>le</strong> 3225 artic<strong>le</strong> 3326 IUCN, 199827 Ibid28 Ibid29 Breugel van M and T Wanders, 199530 WWF Belgium, 199731 Ibid32 Ibid33 IUCN, 199834 WWF Belgium, 199735 Breugel van M and T Wanders, 199536 IMF, 1999, country report 99/113, p.13

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