Commerce - International Journal of Computer Applications in ...

International Journal of Computer Applications in Engineering Sciences[VOL II, ISSUE IV, DECEMBER 2012] [ISSN: 2231-4946]Technical Aspects and ApplicationDevelopment Environments for Wireless e -CommerceD. Prabakar 1 , M. Marikkannan 2 , S. Karthik 31,3Dept of CSE, SNS College of Technology- India2Dept of CSE, Institute of Road and Transport Technology-India.prabakaralam@gmail.comprofskarthik@gmail.commmk.irtt@gmail.comAbstract - Mobile Communication is the active branch ofwireless networks. It offers high range of data accesswithout any interference while travelling (mobility) is themain goal of technological achievements. Most of theMobile Service Providers (MSP) is try to give a seamlessconnection to the mobile user. At present, the MSPs aremove to and offers high data rates to access theinformation through mobile devices. Wireless e-Commerce(M-Commerce) is the way to provide the accessibility of thedata on wireless and Internet technologies. It’s bothcontent delivery and purchasing on mobile devices. Thispaper describes the various technologies and techniquesthat are widely used for developing m-commerceapplications.Key Word: Mobile Communication, Wireless, e-Commerce,MSP.I. INTRODUCTIONThe technological demand for mobile and wirelessproducts and services, from both businesses andconsumers in the recent years, indicates that mobilecommerce is starting to take off. As more and morecompanies begin to realize the compelling value offeredby mobile and wireless technologies and start to exploremobile business opportunities The major factors thatdrive the growth of m-business include (i) Mobiledevices such as Internet-enabled handsets, personaldigital assistants (PDA), and portable computers aregaining popularity among business and consumerusers[2][6]. (ii) The wireless infrastructure and supportare constantly being upgraded by vendors in order toprovide seamless and affordable access. Advances inmobile and wireless technologies are making anywhere,anytime computing a reality. (iii) Companies want toremove delays and inefficiencies from traditionalbusiness processes and explore new businessopportunities by allowing employees and consumers toaccess critical business information from anywhere atany time. The number of m-business applications is onthe get higher. Normally, these applications can becategorized into these four categories: (a) business-toconsumer(B2C), (b) business-to-business (B2B), (c)business-to-employee (B2E), and (d) consumer-toconsumer(C2C). M-business creates an effective B2Cmarket by utilizing the intimate nature of mobile devicesand communication channels, including its examples ofthese applications include mobile banking, stock trading,retailing, content delivery, and concierge services. M-business applications can be found in a wide array ofindustries ranging from healthcare to transportation. Thefollowings are represents its advantage of theseopportunities. Reduce Business Process Cycle Time Reduce Information Float Enhance Service Quality Capture Information Electronically Anytime-Anywhere Access Critical Information Anytime-Anywhere React to Problems and Opportunities Anytime-Anywhere Enhance Connectivity Increase Collaboration Increase Information Transparency to improvedSupply Chain Track and Surveillance Alert and M-Marketing Campaigns LocalizeII.M-BUSINESS TECHNOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATIONWireless technology refers to the hardware andsoftware that allows transmission of informationbetween devices without using physical connections[7].The successful delivery of m-business applications425 | P a g e

Prabakar et. al.relies on the reliability and availability of wirelessnetwork technologies. Now-a-days wireless networksolutions include Wireless Personal Area Networks(WPANs), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs),Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRANs) andWireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs).Each of thesewireless network solutions serves its unique purpose andembodies an array of attendant technologies. With awide range of mobile devices and multiple technicalplatforms coexisting, it is important to put all these inperspective. The personal areas including office and anautomobile gives a traditional wireless communicationtechnology such as infrared can be found in devicesranging from remote controls to PDAs.Traditional wiredlocal area network (LAN); many organizations haveadopted the Wi-Fi (IEEE802.11b) technology to providewireless access to users within a local geographical arealike as building, campus, airport, coffee shop, and hotel.A WRAN technology allows peer-to-peercommunications between devices broadcasting andpoint-to-multipoint communications through accesspoints that cover a radius of 100-500 meters. Wirelesswide area networks (WWAN) allow users tocommunicate and access resources within a widegeographical area such as a city, a region, an entirecountry, or even around the world [3].III.COMPARISON M-BUSINESS WITH E-BUSINESSAPPLICATIONSM-business applications are entirely differ from e-business applications in many aspects; hence,developing m-business applications requires a differentset of tools, techniques, and strategies. Most e-businessapplications can’t be readily transferred to the mobileplatforms. When a company attempts to replicate theire-business success by simply moving its Webapplications to a wireless environment, the environmentoften fails to provide the support the applications needto be successful or usable. To successfully move a Webapplication to a wireless environment, the scope of theapplication must be redefined, the user interface must beredesigned, and its network and processing requirementsmust be reassessed.IV.TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF M-COMMERCEA. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)The WAP, which was designed to support thedevelopment of applications over cellular networks inorder to provide communication and data services for avariety of users. In 1997 Ericsson, Motorola and Nokia,along with Unwired Planet, now Openwave, formed anorganization, WAP Forum Ltd [9]. The desire was tosupport the development of wireless data services that426 | P a g ewere carrier independent. It offers two kinds of versioninitially the WAP Version 1.X, of the Protocol evolvedover a period of time, adding functionality to support theevolving wireless community and newer mobile devices.The latest Version WAP Version 2.0, Providesapplication environment that includes support for PDAs,pagers, mobile phones, and other wireless devices. TheWAP architecture provides a variety of services thatsupport the wireless transmission of text. Figure 1.1illustrates the structure of the Wireless ApplicationProtocol. Here you can see the how the various layersare implemented. Because WAP is a layered protocol,the process of transmitting a message from a wirelessdevice to the WAP server and back requires that themessage pass down though the layers, across thephysical carrier, and then back up the protocol stack towhere the WAP server can then place the message on tothe Internet. The reverse occurs when a message is sentby the WAP server to the wireless device.Application Layer -Wireless Application Environment (WAE)Session Layer -Wireless Session Protocol (WSP)Transaction Layer -Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP)Security Layer –Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS)Transport Layer -Wireless Transport Layer(WTL)Network Layer –Wireless Network/Bearer Layer(WBL)Figure 1.1 WAP Protocol Stack.B. Wireless Markup Language (WML)WML is a markup language derived from theeXtensible Markup Language (XML). WML is designedto be used on WAP-enabled microbrowsers supportedby a variety of devices, which include both cell phones,and other handheld devices. WML supports theformatting of values and the formatting of outputthrough the use of a variety of methods. Text formattingtags are included which allow for setting the size, theboldness, italicization, and underlining. The use oftables helps in establishing where the text appears on thescreen [5]. Paragraph statements are used to tie outputinto a common unit, which can be formatted as desired.WMLScripts improve the use of WML documentsthrough their ability to support decision-making,arithmetic operations, iteration, and parameter passing.

Technical Aspects and Application Development Environments for Wireless e - CommerceFurthermore, since they are executed on the server, theyaid in memory management. Without any additionallanguage support, one can still write reasonably complexwireless mobile Internet applications by using WMLdocuments and WMLScript functions. However, toreduce the amount of work required to create usefulapplications, a set of standard libraries has beendeveloped that are easily integrated into yourWMLScript functions.V. V. MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENTA. J2ME Application DevelopmentJava Platform, Micro Edition, or Java ME, is aJava platform designed for embedded systems (mobiledevices are one kind of such systems). Target devicesrange from industrial controls to mobile phones and settopboxes. Java ME was formerly known as Java 2Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME).Java is knownprimarily as a server-side programming environment,centered on the technologies that make up the Java 2Enterprise Edition (J2EE), such as Enterprise JavaBeans(EJBs), servlets, and Java Server pages (JSPs). Earlyadopters of Java, however, will recall that it wasoriginally promoted as a client-side applicationenvironment [1]. In fact, Java was originally designed asa programming language for consumer appliances. NowJava is returning to its roots with Java 2 Micro Edition,or J2ME for short.As on date, J2ME is a standardtechnology for mobile phones as in J2ME, the Javaruntime environment is adapted for constrained devices- devices that have limitations on their functions whencompared to standard desktop or server computers.Figure 1.2 illustrates the sample applicationdevelopment in J2ME.For low-end devices, theconstraints are fairly obvious: extremely limitedmemory, small screen sizes, alternative input methods,and slow processors. High-end devices have few, if any,of these constraints, but they can still benefit from theoptimized environments and new programminginterfaces that J2ME defines.Figure 1.2 Applications Development Using J2MEB. Mobile Application development using ColdFusionMacromedia ColdFusion as the server-sidetechnology because (1) it is becoming one of thepredominant development tools for corporate Webdevelopment, and (2) it is easy to learn and use,especially for applications that interface with databases.A server-side technology is ideal for wirelessapplications for the following two reasons. First,wireless devices often have little processing power.Second, server-side technology functions regardless ofclient devices, making it possible to write once and useit anywhere [8].Figure 1.3 Macromedia ColdFusion EnvironmentsFigure1.3 shows to developing wireless applications forPocketPC devices and mobile handsets. While a widerange of server-side development tools can be used,Macromedia ColdFusion, a server-side technology, isused in this section to demonstrate the techniques.C. Developing Mobile Applications Using MicrosoftEmbedded Visual ToolsMicrosoft Embedded Visual Tools were designedto develop applications that run on Windows CE devices(e.g., Pocket PC and Handheld PC 2000).Twoprogramming languages are supported by MicrosoftEmbedded Visual Tools: Embedded Visual Basic (eVB)and Embedded Visual C++ (eVC)[7]. These twoprogramming languages are versions of Visual Basicand Visual C++ with limited capabilities, respectively.Therefore, developers with Visual Basic or Visual C++experience can easily leverage their existing expertise todevelop mobile or wireless applications [1]. Since manydevelopers are familiar with Visual Basic, we will givethe techniques of using eVB to develop sampleapplications for wireless devices as below mentionedFigure.1.4427 | P a g e

Prabakar et. al.Figure 1.4 Mobile Application developed in Microsoft tool.[6] Sharma, R., Morales-Arroyo, M., Tan, M., & Sangwan, S.(2008). A business network model for delivering online contentand services on mobile platforms. Paper presented at theProceedings of the 7th Global Mobility Roundtable, Auckland,November.[7] Pereira, F. (2010). Visor business model framework. Retrieved17the March, 2010,fromhttp://www.marshall.usc.edu/ctm/research/visor-businessmodel.htm.[8] Clayton, A. L., Leonard, M. J., & Joseph, S. V. (2011).Emerging business models for mobile brokerage services.Communications of the ACM, 47(6), 71–77.[9] layton, A. L., Leonard, M. J., & Joseph, S. V. (2008). Emergingbusiness models for mobile brokerage services.Communications of the ACM, 47(6), 71–77.VI.VI. CONCLUSIONNowadays, the most current trend is to usePDAs and mobile phones to browse the internet throughweb pages that are specifically formatted for wirelessdevices. Users can also conduct e-commerce on wirelessdevices by making online purchases and bids. Finallywe have described the overview of wireless e-Commerce and its technological aspects andapplications development using various language, tooland Integrated Development Environment. Mobilecommerce is creating a whole new meaning for mobilephones and services. Key drivers for mobile commerceservice adoption will be ease of use and security. Fullyunderstanding of these technologies is very important asit plays a key role in wireless technology development.Hence for future application of mobile commerce,further study in this problem is strongly recommended.428 | P a g eACKNOWLEDGMENTOur Sincere thanks to the Our SupervisorDr.M.Marikkannan, his valuable suggestion andthoughts is motivated to publish this paper and ourbeloved Dean Dr.S.Karthik, of our department ofcomputer science and engineering, his excellence andsuggestion is very useful towards this paper.REFERENCES[1] Bouwman, H., Haaker, T., & De Vos, H. (2011). Mobile serviceinnovation and business models. Heidelberg: Springer.[2] Yuan, Y., & Zhang, J. J. (2012). Towards an appropriatebusiness model for m-commerce. International journal ofmobile communications, 1(1/2), 35–36.[3] Wong, C. C., & Hiew, P. L. (2011). Mobile entertainment:model development and cross services study. Paper presented atthe Proceedings of International Conference on ServicesSystems and Services Management.[4] Xu, G., & Gutiérrez, J. (2009). An exploratory study of killerapplications and critical success factors in m-commerce. Journalof Electronic Commerce in Organizations, 4(3), 63–79.[5] Ulhøi, J., & Jørgensen, F. (2008). M-commerce exploitation: aSME business model perspective. Paper presented at theProceedings of the 7th Global Mobility Roundtable, Auckland.