Learning Guide for Chapter 24 - Carboxylic Acid derivatives
Learning Guide for Chapter 24 - Carboxylic Acid derivatives
Learning Guide for Chapter 24 - Carboxylic Acid derivatives
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LG Ch <strong>24</strong> p 14When hydroxylamine is used as the nucleophile, the product <strong>for</strong>ms a colored complexwith Fe +3 ions - this is the basis of the hydroxamate test <strong>for</strong> esters.OH 2 NOHOPractice:OOHClpyridineOObenzylamineheatOONH 3OOOH 2 SO 4OHVII. Reduction of carboxylic acid <strong>derivatives</strong><strong>Carboxylic</strong> acid <strong>derivatives</strong> can be reduced to <strong>for</strong>m alcohols, aldehydes, or amines. Allcarboxylic acid <strong>derivatives</strong> require LiAlH 4 to be completely reduced.<strong>Acid</strong> chlorides and anhydrides can be reduced to alcohols by lithium aluminum hydride,but since they are made from carboxylic acids which can also be reduced to alcohols, thisis a pretty much a wasted step.OOHLiAlH 42. H 3 O +
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