Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension - Washington State University

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The Costs of a Quiet DisorderTo establish the number of surgeries performed for IIH in the NIS 2005 data, ICD9-CMprocedure codes for shunt placement (lumbar shunt 3.71, ventricular shunt 2.3x), shunt revision(lumbar shunts 3.97, ventricular 2.42), shunt removal (lumbar shunts 3.98, ventricular 2.43), andshunt exploration (54.95) were used. Optic nerve sheath decompression procedure codes usedwere 04.42 and 04.04. Unlike Curry et al.’s (7) exploration of the costs of intracranialhypertension, we included sub-temporal decompression (procedure code 01.24) in ourexamination. Gastric bypass for IH was established using DRG code 288 with inclusions andexclusionary criteria based on Zhoa and Encinosa (30). Inclusionary procedure codes were4431, 4438, 4439, 4495, 4496, 4497, 4498, 445x, and 4499 if found in combination with DRG288. Exclusionary criteria were ICD9-CM codes 1500 – 1599, 2301 – 2309. All DRG 288discharges were also checked to ensure that a diagnosis code of obesity was present (ICD9-CMcodes 27801, 2780, 28900, and V778).In order to fully explore the yearly cost of IH, we examined the discharge-related chargesand physician costs. Since hospital costs are only a portion of the total care cost, we usedinformation provided by Medicare (15) to deduce the physician costs in 2005 dollars. Physiciancosts were obtained using CPT codes for shunting procedures (62220, 62223, 63740, 63741,63744, 64746, 62230), optic nerve sheath decompression (67570), sub-temporal decompression(61340), and gastric bypass (43842, 43644). Finally, we use the consumer and producer priceindices (series CPIAUCNS and NDU622110622110601, respectively) published by the U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics to convert these 2005 dollars into their equivalent purchasing power in2007.Our final source of data comes from the Intracranial Hypertension Registry. TheRegistry is co-sponsored by the Intracranial Hypertension Research Foundation (IHRF) and the7
The Costs of a Quiet DisorderCasey Eye Institute at the Oregon Health and Sciences University (OHSU). It containsinformation gathered from individuals diagnosed with intracranial hypertension (idiopathic orsecondary), as well as information provided by their physicians. Patients are admitted to theRegistry on a voluntary basis; however medical information from at least one or more of thepatient’s physicians is required for admission and confirmation of diagnosis. The Dandy Criteria(12) is used in the confirmation of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Similarities of Registry patients to those described in other studies tend to imply that theRegistry population may be fairly reflective of the general IIH patient population (outside of theRegistry). In comparing our Registry patients’ major and minor symptoms and signs we foundthe incidence of these to be similar to previous reports (3,9,26). In a recently completed Registrystudy, which is in preparation for submission for publication, we found no difference inincidence, severity or type of visual field defects among Registry patients from previouslypublished reports of non Registry patients (29). However, on initial investigation of those whohave undergone shunt surgery we believe Registry IIH patients have a higher shunt failure andrevision rate than non Registry IIH patients. We hope to publish this data in a future report.This analysis uses information on individuals who were admitted to the Registry andhave been diagnosed with IIH. Information from the Registry was used to identify patientgender, race, ethnicity and whether or not the patient was overweight (BMI between 25 – 29) orobese (BMI ≥ 30) at several points in time, including the time of diagnosis. Additionally,patients in this cohort were asked to complete a survey identifying their education andoccupational characteristics, past and current earnings, IIH-related expenses and proxies forquality of life. 196 patients completed the survey. Virtually all respondents were U.S. residents,with a relatively small number of respondents (14) residing in countries such as Canada,8
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Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension - Washington State University

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