storm water management model, version 4: user's manual

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Figures1-1. Overview of SWMM model structure, indicating linkages among the fivecomputational blocks .......................................................................................................... 52-1. Relationship among SWMM blocks.................................................................................. 183-1. Combination of SWMM runs for overall Lancaster simulation ....................................... 453-2. Hypothetical drainage network to be collated................................................................... 463-3. Hypothetical drainage network to be combined................................................................ 464-1. Structure of Runoff Block subroutines.............................................................................. 534-2. Gage catch deficiency factor (SCF) versus wind speed .................................................... 604-3. Actual areal depletion curve for natural area .................................................................... 624-4. Effect on snow cover on areal depletion curves................................................................ 634-5. Comparison of synthetic versus actual storm patterns, Chicago....................................... 674-6. Northwood (Baltimore) drainage basin “fine” plan .......................................................... 744-7. Northwood (Baltimore) drainage basin “coarse” plan ...................................................... 754-8. Effect of coarse subcatchment system, Northwood (Baltimore)....................................... 764-9. Channels and pipe of the Runoff Block ............................................................................ 804-10. Example weir and orifice configurations .......................................................................... 824-11. Subcatchment schematization ........................................................................................... 854-12. Non-linear reservoir representation of subcatchment ....................................................... 874-13. Idealized subcatchment-gutter arrangement illustrating the subcatchment width............. 894-14. Different subcatchment shapes to illustrate effect of subcatchment width ....................... 904-15. Subcatchment hydrographs for different shapes of Figure 4-14 ....................................... 924-16. Irregular subcatchment shape for width calculation.......................................................... 934-17. Percent imperviousness versus developed population density for large urban areas........ 954-18. Depression storage vs. catchment slope.......................................................................... 1004-19. Soil Conservation Service soil survey interpretation for Conestoga silt loam(found near Lancaster, PA) ............................................................................................. 1034-20. Effect of changing the level of discretization on the width of overland flow ................. 1114-21. Effect on hydrographs of changing subcatchment width for West Toronto area............ 1134-22. Seasonal variation of melt coefficients for continuous simulation ................................. 1184-23. Degree-day equations for snow melt............................................................................... 1194-24. Freezing point depression versus roadway salting chemical concentration.................... 1214-25. Illustration of snow redistribution fractions .................................................................... 1234-26. Layout of quality constituent headings............................................................................ 1284-27. Non-linear buildup of street solids.................................................................................. 1324-28. Buildup of Street solids in San Jose................................................................................ 1334-29. Comparison of linear and three non-linear buildup equations ........................................ 1354-30. Washoff of street solids by flushing with a sprinkler system.......................................... 1434-31. Time variation of runoff rate used in example of Table 4-21 and Figures 4-32 to 4-35. 147xvi
Figures (continued)4-32. Time history of concentration and subcatchment load (PSHED) for case 1 runoff(Figure 4-31) ................................................................................................................... 1484-33. Time histroy of concentration and subcatchment load (PSHED) for case 2 runoff(Figure 4-31) ................................................................................................................... 1494-34. Time history of concentration and subcatchment load (PSHED) for case 3 runoff(Figure 4-31) ................................................................................................................... 1504-35. Time history of concentration and subcatchment load (PSHED) for case 4 runoff(Figure 4-31) ................................................................................................................... 1514-36. Simulated load variations within a storm as a function of runoff rate ............................ 1544-37. Variation of BOD 5 , TSS and NO 2 +NO 3 -N load and concentration for storm of11/17/74 for View Ridge 1 catchment, Seattle ............................................................... 1554-38. Hypothetical time sequence of linear buildup and street sweeping ................................ 1624-39. Representative catchbasin designs .................................................................................. 1634-40. Catchbasin flushing characteristics ................................................................................. 1664-41. Nationwide annual loadings of NH44+-N + NO 3 -N in Precipitation ............................... 1724-42. Nomograph for calculation of soil erodability factor, K ................................................. 1764-43. Interaction of buildup parameters and storm interevent time.......................................... 1814-44. Relationship between RCOFF and WASHPO for 90 percent washoff during a stormevent of runoff depth d.................................................................................................... 1836-1. Structure of Transport Block subroutines ....................................................................... 2096-2. The intersection of the straight line and the normalized flow-area curve as determinedin route ............................................................................................................................ 2146-3. Sewer cross-sections ....................................................................................................... 2166-4. Cunnette section .............................................................................................................. 2246-5. Example particle size distributions for pollutants found on street surfaces.................... 2296-6. Typical drainage basin in which infiltration is to be estimated....................................... 2316-7. Components of infiltration .............................................................................................. 2326-8. Prescribed melting period................................................................................................ 2346-9. Determination of subcatchment and identification to estimate sewage at 8 points......... 2396-10. Representative daily flow variation................................................................................. 2426-11. Representative hourly flow variation .............................................................................. 2427-1. Storage/Treatment Block................................................................................................. 2647-2. Flows into, through, and out of a storage/treatment unit................................................. 2717-3. Storage/treatment plant configurations ........................................................................... 2729-1. Structure of the Statistics Block subroutines................................................................... 29310-1. Guide for modifying subroutine GTRAIN...................................................................... 308xvii
Page 1: EPA/600/3-88/001aNTIS PB88-236641/A
Page 4 and 5: are not severe, the model is very e
Page 7 and 8: ContentsDisclaimer ................
Page 9 and 10: Contents (continued)Discretization
Page 11 and 12: Contents (continued)Pollutant Remov
Page 13 and 14: Contents (continued))Quality.......
Page 15: Contents (continued)Particle Size D
Page 19 and 20: Figures (continued)VII-14.BOD conce
Page 22 and 23: Tables (continued)VIII-1. Average M
Page 24 and 25: Changes for October 1992 Second Pri
Page 26 and 27: Heaney and Nix, 1977) and others: H
Page 28 and 29: All three original contractors have
Page 30 and 31: 4) The effect (receiving waters):SW
Page 32 and 33: Table 1-1. Summary of EPA Storm Wat
Page 34 and 35: Table 1-1. ContinuedComputational S
Page 36 and 37: Table 1-1. ContinuedCosts(1) Model
Page 38 and 39: sequencing of input data is still p
Page 40 and 41: available, SWMM may also be used as
Page 42 and 43: Figure 2-1. Relationship among SWMM
Page 44 and 45: Table 2-1. Example SWMM Input with
Page 46 and 47: printed either under the graph or a
Page 48 and 49: 6) the number of pollutants found o
Page 50 and 51: Table 2-2. Detailed Organization of
Page 52 and 53: Table 2-3. FORTRAN Statements Requi
Page 54 and 55: Table 2-5. SWMM Parameter Statement
Page 56 and 57: I/O DeviceLogical UnitCard Reader 5
Page 58 and 59: Here, JIN(K+1) = I refers to an inp
Page 60 and 61: Runoff Block, such a run would be m
Page 62 and 63: Table 2-9. Executive and Graph Bloc
Page 64 and 65: Table 2-9. ContinuedVariable Descri
Page 66 and 67:
Table 2-9. ContinuedVariable Descri
Page 68 and 69:
Section 3Combine BlockBlock Descrip
Page 70 and 71:
Figure 3-1. Combination of SWMM run
Page 72 and 73:
can be used to combine the two netw
Page 74 and 75:
Table 3-1. Combine Block Input Data
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