<strong>The</strong> Emerging CompanyYour Life, Your FutureConversationStartersHelp your advisors helpyou by asking them . . .■ How do I prepare my willand a succession plan?■ How do I plan for myretirement and taxadvantages at this stagein my company’s life?■ How can I structure aretirement plan for myselfand my employees?Can I afford it?Prepare for “What If”Only one-fifth ofsmall business ownershave drafted a legalagreement detailingtheir company’sownership in case ofmarital dissolution.Source: <strong>The</strong> <strong>Hartford</strong><strong>Business</strong> Owners Survey,October 2006Plan for your own andyour family’s future –and the company’s.At this point, you probably aren’tconsidering what your companywill look like after you leave, butyou’ve also come to know andappreciate the power of planningfor the future.Whether or not most of yourresources are tied up in thebusiness, your plan shouldinclude your will, and a buy-sellagreement if you have co-ownersand life insurance. Either way,work with your attorney todetermine how you want yourassets handled in the event ofyour death (and also who willserve as guardian for any minorchildren). It should also detailhow you’d like your businessassets handled.Part of your planning needs tofocus on who takes over after you– if you have determined that thebusiness will continue. Is it yourspouse? A child/children? Oneor more co-owners? Would a keyemployee do the job better andwould a buy-out, or partialbuy-out, be preferable? Discussall of this with family members,co-owners and/or key employees,if any, to gauge their interest incontinuing the business. If there’snobody available or willing totake over the business, you canspecify that the company shouldbe sold and/or how its assetsshould be disposed of (assetsshould be listed individually).All of this should be spelled outwith the help of your attorney.Buy-Sell AgreementIf you have co-owners, andthey wish to continue thebusiness without you,how will your family becompensated for your share?You can work with yourattorney to set up a buy-sellagreement, stipulating thatthe surviving co-owner(s)immediately buy your share,possibly with proceeds ofKey Person Insurance (see<strong>The</strong> Growing Company,Insurance) so that your familywon’t be burdened withconflicts at a later date.This kind of plan should takeinto account the type ofbusiness entity involved(i.e., whether it’s a soleproprietorship, corporationor partnership).10
EmergingMake an effort to set asidefunds for your retirement,even if your compensation islimited and your assets aretied up in the business.In most cases, the money youput into a qualified retirementplan (a plan that qualifies forspecial and generally favorableincome tax treatment under thetax laws) can reduce your taxableincome for the current year andthe tax on any investment growthis deferred until the year youwithdraw the money. So startinga retirement fund isn’t just apotential boon for your future;it’s a way to reduce your incometaxes for the current tax year.Individual RetirementAccount (IRA)<strong>The</strong>re are traditional IRAsand Roth IRAs. Contributionsto a traditional IRA generallyare deductible on yourpersonal income return; taxeson any investment growth aredeferred, and you are taxedwhen and as you makewithdrawals. Contributionsto Roth IRAs do not reduceyour current income taxes,but any investment growthis exempt from income taxif the distributions are“qualified distributions”(made after five years andage 59 1 /2).In 2008, you may contribute upto $5,000 ($6,000 if your 50thbirthday is in 2008 or earlier) toa traditional IRA or a Roth IRAor a combination of the two,provided you have at least $5,000($6,000) of earned income forthe tax year. If you are married,you may contribute an additional$5,000 ($6,000) for your spouse.If you are covered by anotherretirement plan at any time duringthe tax year, your deductionfor contributions to a traditionalIRA depends upon your adjustedgross income (AGI). If contributionsto a traditional IRA are notdeductible, a Roth IRA may be abetter alternative, provided yourAGI does not exceed the limitsfor Roth IRA contributions forthe particular year. Check withyour accountant or tax advisor.If you want to contribute to aretirement plan for you onlyand the $5,000 ($6,000) limit issufficient, an IRA may be youranswer. You can decide howmuch to contribute to an IRAeach year, and you can make thecontribution any time before thedue date for your personalincome tax return (generallyApril 15).To discourage withdrawals froman IRA prior to retirement, anytaxable amounts withdrawn priorto age 591 /2 are subject to a 10percent penalty tax unless anexception applies. You cannotborrow from an IRA. However,like certain other retirementplans, IRAs may be protectedfrom attachment by creditorsdepending the laws of your state.Your accountant or financialprofessional can assist you insetting up an IRA.Divorce-ProofYour Company<strong>The</strong> unfortunate fact is thatmany marriages end indivorce. If your marriage orrelationship were to go badsomeday, what wouldhappen to your business(especially if you and yourspouse are co-owners)? Askyour lawyer what steps youcan take today to protectyour company. You hope itwill never come to that, butif it does, you’ll be prepared.Protect YourFamily with LifeInsuranceTalk with your insuranceprofessional about personaland business life insurancepolicies, from which proceedscan be used to provide foryour family (especially usefulif most of your assets havebeen invested in the company).<strong>The</strong> proceeds from a personallife insurance policy shouldcover your family’s short- andlong-term needs; they mightalso cover the worth of thepersonal assets you investedin the business. <strong>The</strong> proceedsfrom a personal life insurancepolicy can also prevent familysquabbles if you’ve designatedone person to inherit thebusiness; the others can splitthe insurance proceeds. Abusiness life insurance policyshould provide cash to payany immediate debts andhelp the business continueuntil it is stabilized undernew management or sold. Itcan guarantee that lenderswill be reimbursed.11